JP5528174B2 - 固体酸化物形燃料電池用集電材およびそれを用いた固体酸化物形燃料電池用セル - Google Patents
固体酸化物形燃料電池用集電材およびそれを用いた固体酸化物形燃料電池用セル Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 138
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 184
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 88
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000968352 Scandia <hydrozoan> Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002003 electrode paste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- HJGMWXTVGKLUAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);scandium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sc+3].[Sc+3] HJGMWXTVGKLUAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002080 8 mol% Y2O3 fully stabilized ZrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018921 CoO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001293 FEMA 3089 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002127 La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002215 La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000556720 Manga Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- GQHZBSPNWMRGMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Sr] Chemical compound [Co].[Sr] GQHZBSPNWMRGMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBYHSJRFOXINMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Sr].[La] Chemical compound [Co].[Sr].[La] QBYHSJRFOXINMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PACGUUNWTMTWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sr].[La] Chemical compound [Sr].[La] PACGUUNWTMTWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052963 cobaltite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002305 electric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOARWPHSJVUWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[La] DOARWPHSJVUWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001954 samarium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075630 samarium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
(a)YSZ(イットリア安定化ジルコニア)、ScSZ(スカンジア安定化ジルコニア)、これらのジルコニアにさらにCe、Al等をドープしたジルコニア系粉末
(b)SDC(サマリアドープドセリア)、GDC(ガドリアドープドセリア)等のドープセリア系粉末
(c)LSGM(ランタンガレート)系粉末、例えばLa0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3
(d)酸化ビスマス系粉末、例えばBi2O3
固体電解質の厚さは一般的に5〜500μmの範囲であり、それ自体が燃料極及び空気極のための支持機能を有しているESCの場合は50〜500μm、好ましくは100〜400μm、燃料極によって固体電解質が支持されるASCの場合は5〜100μm、好ましくは10〜50μmである。
(燃料極材料)
市販の酸化ニッケル粉末(正同化学社製:製品名:Green、平均粒子径:0.7μm、比表面積:3.5m2/g)を55質量%および、電解質粒子として、市販の10モル%スカンジア1モル%安定化ジルコニア粒子(第一稀元素化学工業社製;製品名:10Sc1CeSZ、平均粒子径:0.6μm、比表面積:10.8m2/g)45質量%を、攪拌して混合物とし、燃料極材料を調製した。
市販の酸化ランタン、炭酸ストロンチウム、酸化コバルトおよび酸化鉄粉末から固相法で合成したランタンストロンチウムコバルトフェライト粉末La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3(平均粒子径:0.7μm、比表面積:3.5m2/g)80質量%と、市販の酸化サマリウムおよび酸化セリア粉末から固相法で合成した30モル%サマリアドープセリア(平均粒子径:1.9μm、比表面積:2.4m2/g)20質量%とを攪拌混合して空気極材料とした。
アンモニア分解触媒として、市販の金属ルテニウム粉末(フルヤ化学社製)、導電性金属材料として、市販の金属ニッケル粉末(井原技研社製)を用いた。ルテニウム粉末20質量%と金属ニッケル粉末80質量%とを攪拌混合して混合物とし、当該混合物100質量部に対して、ポリエチレングリコールを7質量部加え、さらに攪拌混合して燃料極集電材料のペーストを調製した。
電解質として、ドクターブレード法を用いて作成、焼成した10モル%スカンジア1モル%安定化ジルコニアシート(直径:120mm、厚さ300μm)を用いた。この電解質の一方に面に、上記燃料極材料にバインダー(ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルアセテート、n−パラフィン、テレピン油、セルロース系樹脂)を加えた後混練して調製した燃料極ペーストをスクリーン印刷法で塗布し、乾燥後、1300℃で2時間焼成して形成した。なお、燃料極の厚さは40μmで気孔率は35%であった。
実施例1の燃料極集電材料において、アンモニア分解触媒としての金属ルテニウム粉末を添加せず、金属ニッケル粉末のみを燃料極材料とした以外は、実施例1と全く同様にして、燃料極集電体付きセルを作製した。
上記実施例1と比較例1で得た燃料極集電体付きセルを用いて、800℃で発電試験を行った。すなわち、当該セルの空気極側に白金網(80メッシュ)を設置した後、2枚の金属マニホルドで空気極と燃料極の両側からセルを挟持し、燃料ガスとしてボンベのアンモニア(流量1L/min)、酸化剤ガスとして空気(流量1L/min)を供給した。
結果を表に示す。
Claims (5)
- アンモニアを含むガスを燃料とする固体酸化物形燃料電池の燃料極側に設置された燃料極集電体を形成するための集電材料であって、少なくともアンモニア分解触媒と、前記燃料極を構成している導電性金属と同種の金属を含み、前記アンモニア分解触媒が周期律表第6族〜10族の元素の金属からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であり、前記燃料極を構成している導電性金属と同種の金属が、Fe、Co、NiおよびCuからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の金属である(但し、前記アンモニア分解触媒と前記燃料極を構成している導電性金属と同種の金属とが、同金属元素である場合を除く。)ことを特徴とする固体酸化物形燃料電池用燃料極集電材料。
- 前記アンモニア分解触媒が、Mo、W、Fe、Ru、Co、Ni、PdおよびPt、の金属からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載の燃料極集電材料。
- 固体酸化物形燃料電池における固体電解質の燃料極側に形成される燃料極集電体であって、請求項1または2に記載の燃料極集電材料で形成されたものであることを特徴とする固体酸化物形燃料電池用燃料極集電体。
- 前記燃料極集電体において、前記アンモニア分解触媒が、均一に分散されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の固体酸化物形燃料電池用燃料極集電体。
- 固体電解質の片面側に燃料極が形成され、他面側に空気極が形成されたアンモニアを含むガスを燃料とする固体酸化物形燃料電池用セルにおいて、燃料極側に燃料極集電体が設置されたセルであって、前記燃料極集電体が請求項3あるいは請求項4に記載の集電体であることを特徴とする集電体付き固体酸化物形燃料電池用セル。
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JP2011216187A JP2011216187A (ja) | 2011-10-27 |
JP5528174B2 true JP5528174B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
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