JP5432766B2 - Foundation structure of the building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a foundation structure of a building, and more particularly to a foundation structure effective for a temporary building.

  Conventionally, it has been widely practiced to form foundation beams with concrete as the foundation structure of buildings, but in recent years there have been problems such as shortening the period of foundation work, contamination of the ground with concrete, and disposal of residual soil generated by excavation. It was. Further, in the case of a temporary building, when removing the building, the work of crushing the concrete of the foundation beam and sorting it from the reinforcing bars is troublesome. Therefore, as a simple foundation structure of a building, a steel pipe pile with cutting blades and blades at the lower end is screwed into the ground and buried, and a pillar side base plate welded to the pillar is welded to the pile side base plate welded to this steel pipe pile. A construction method based on fastening with bolts has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). Since this construction method does not use concrete, the period of foundation work can be shortened, there is no soil contamination, and there is no residual soil in pile laying, but in the schoolyard, there is a temporary school building. When building foundations in places where drainage pipes are buried underground, such as in schoolyards or in poorly drained areas, there is a risk of drainage pipes being damaged by screwing steel pipe piles.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-181790

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is simple, without using a steel pipe pile, regardless of whether it is a temporary building, and whether the drain pipe is buried in the ground. It is to provide the foundation structure of the building.

  The basic structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an iron plate placed on the ground, a long foundation beam disposed substantially along the central axis of the iron plate, and the foundation beam as the iron plate. And hook members arranged on both sides of the iron plate for fixing.

  The foundation beam is arranged directly on the iron plate or indirectly through auxiliary beams arranged on the iron plate in order to distribute the load on the iron plate.

  The hook member is used by being hooked on both sides of the iron plate. When arranging the foundation beam directly on the iron plate, the foundation beam is directly fixed by spanning a connecting member between the hook member and the foundation beam. On the other hand, when the foundation beam is indirectly arranged on the iron plate via the auxiliary beam, both ends of the auxiliary beam extending to the vicinity of both sides of the iron plate are fixed with hook members, and the foundation beam is fixed to the auxiliary beam.

  In the basic structure of the building according to the present invention, a ready-made iron plate can be used, and the iron plate can be used as it is without any processing such as mounting holes. Then, lay this iron plate on the ground, place the foundation beam directly on it or indirectly through the auxiliary beam, and simply connect it using hook members hooked on both sides of the iron plate to connect the foundation to the iron plate The beam can be fixed, and it is extremely simple as the foundation structure of the building.

It is a top view of the foundation structure of the building concerning the 1st example of the present invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is an expansion perspective view of the principal part of FIG. It is a top view of the foundation structure of the building which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is an expansion perspective view of the principal part of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the process of arrange | positioning an auxiliary beam on an iron plate, when constructing the basic structure of 2nd Example. It is a perspective view which shows the process of fixing an auxiliary beam to an iron plate, when constructing the foundation structure of 2nd Example. It is a perspective view which shows the process of fixing a foundation beam to an auxiliary beam in the case of constructing the foundation structure of 2nd Example. It is a perspective view which shows the state which fixed the foundation beam to the auxiliary beam in the case of constructing the foundation structure of 2nd Example. It is a principal part perspective view which shows the other Example of a 2nd fixing means. It is a principal part front view which shows the other Example of a 2nd fixing means. It is a top view of the foundation structure of the building which concerns on 3rd Example of this invention. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is an expansion perspective view of the principal part of FIG.

  Embodiments of a foundation structure for a building according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a foundation structure for a building according to the present invention. The basic structure according to this embodiment includes a rectangular thin iron plate 1, a long foundation beam 2 disposed on a substantially central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1, and the foundation beam 2 fixed to the iron plate 1. The fixing means 3 is provided. For the iron plate 1, for example, ready-made lease products that are easy to procure can be used as they are.

  Although this iron plate 1 may be laid directly on the ground 4, as shown in FIG. 2, a shallow groove 5 is dug in the ground 4 along the longitudinal direction of the foundation beam 2, and the groove 5 is laid in the groove 5. The direction laid on the gravel 6 increases the stability against the load applied to the iron plate 1. At the time of construction, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of the steel plates 1 are laid out so that the long side is parallel to the groove 5.

  For example, a long H-shaped steel is used for the foundation beam 2 disposed on the iron plate 1, and this H-shaped steel is fixed to the iron plate 1 by the fixing means 3. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the fixing means 3 is hooked between the hook members 7 that are hooked on the side edges 1 b and 1 b on both sides of the iron plate 1, and the hook members 7 and the foundation beam 2. A shaft 8 as a connecting member and nuts 9a and 9b for fastening both ends of the shaft 8 to the hook member 7 and the foundation beam 2 are provided. Note that male screws 10 are cut at both ends of the shaft 8.

  The hook member 7 includes a U-shaped hook portion 11 that embraces the side edge 1b of the iron plate 1, and a vertical wall portion 12 that is bent in the opposite direction to the hook portion 11 and stands perpendicular to the upper surface of the iron plate 1. A shaft insertion hole 13 is formed in the vertical wall portion 12. In addition, a pair of shaft insertion holes 14 a and 14 b are formed in the web 2 a of the foundation beam 2. The pair of shaft insertion holes 14a and 14b are provided at regular intervals. In this embodiment, the shaft insertion holes 14a and 14b are provided at three locations with respect to one iron plate 1 as shown in FIG.

  When the foundation beam 2 is fixed on the iron plate 1 laid in the groove 5, the foundation beam 2 is arranged on the substantially central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1 and then opened on the web 2 a of the foundation beam 2. A pair of hook members 7 are arranged on both sides of the iron plate 1 in accordance with the positions of the pair of shaft insertion holes 14a and 14b, and the hook portions 11 of the hook members 7 are held in the side edge portions 1b of the iron plate 1. Next, the shaft 8 is spanned between the shaft insertion holes 14 a and 14 b provided in the web 2 a of the foundation beam 2 and the shaft insertion hole 13 provided in the vertical wall portion 12 of the hook member 7. Tighten with nut 9a. When the shaft 8 is passed over, a nut 9b to be tightened from the inside is fitted into the shaft 8 in advance. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the two shafts 8 connected at one place connect the foundation beam 2 with a positional relationship that is not on a straight line but slightly shifted back and forth.

  In this embodiment, the lateral displacement of the foundation beam 2 can be corrected by tightening the nut 9a while adjusting the length of the left and right shafts 8 connecting the foundation beam 2 to the left and right. By having the adjusting means in this way, even if the iron plate 1 is laid somewhat rough, or even if the foundation beam 2 is not accurately arranged on the central axis 1a of the iron plate 1, the foundation beam 2 can be fixed to the predetermined position without any trouble. It can be installed at a position, and the foundation work can be carried out easily and smoothly. When the position of the foundation beam 1 in the left-right direction is determined, the nut 9b is tightened from the inside of the shaft 8 to complete the fixing. Such a fixing work of the foundation beam 2 is performed at three places on one iron plate 1. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the adjacent foundation beams 2 are connected to each other by spanning a contact plate 15 between the ends of both adjacent foundation beams and fastening them with bolts 16.

  The basic structure of the building is completed through the above series of operations. A building pillar 17 or the like is assembled on the foundation beam 2. In such a foundation structure of a building, the load applied to the foundation beam 2 from the building is received by the iron plate 1, but the leased iron plate 1 is also thicker than 19 mm and the load receiving area is large. It can be sufficiently endured by dispersing the load applied to the. In addition, in order to increase the load resistance of the iron plate 1, the iron plate 1 may be laid and turned 90 degrees so that the short side of the iron plate 1 is parallel to the groove 5.

  4 to 10 show a second embodiment of the foundation structure of a building according to the present invention. As in the first embodiment, the foundation structure according to this embodiment includes a rectangular thin steel plate 1 and a long foundation beam 2 disposed substantially on the central axis 1a of the iron plate 1. Although it has a structure, it differs from the first embodiment in that the foundation beam 2 is arranged via the auxiliary beam 20 arranged on the iron plate 1 in order to disperse the load on the iron plate 1. In the foundation structure according to this embodiment, the fixing means for fixing the foundation beam 2 to the iron plate 1 includes the first fixing means 21 for fixing the auxiliary beam 20 to the iron plate 1 and the foundation beam 2 to the auxiliary beam 20. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the second fixing means 29 is fixed. This auxiliary beam 20 is provided in order to effectively disperse the load applied to the iron plate 1 from the foundation beam 2, and as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the left and right sides of the iron plate 1 arranged in the groove 5 are arranged. It consists of a steel material with a H-shaped cross section extending in the direction, and both ends of the auxiliary beam 20 extend to the vicinity of both sides of the iron plate 1. In this embodiment, three auxiliary beams 20 are arranged at equal intervals along the long side direction of the iron plate 1.

  The length of the auxiliary beam 20 in this embodiment is slightly longer than the width dimension of the iron plate 1 in the left-right direction. Therefore, both ends protrude slightly from both sides of the iron plate 1 when arranged on the iron plate 1, and the protruding portions are fixed to the iron plate 1 by the first fixing means 21. The first fixing means 21 includes a substantially L-shaped hook member 22 that is hooked on the side edge 1 b of the iron plate 1, and a bolt 23 and a nut 24 that connect the hook member 22 and the auxiliary beam 20. The hook member 22 is provided with one bolt insertion hole 25 (see FIG. 8) on the L-shaped long side 22a side, and three bolts arranged at equal intervals on both ends of the lower flange 20c of the auxiliary beam 20. An insertion hole 26 is provided. The bolt insertion holes 26 are provided on both sides of the auxiliary beam 20 with the web 20a interposed therebetween. Further, in this embodiment, the three bolt insertion holes 27 are also formed in the lower flange 20c in the same manner inside the three bolt insertion holes 26 so as to correspond to the two types of leased iron plates 1 having different widths. Is provided. In addition, the number of holes of these bolt insertion holes 26 and 27 is not limited to three as long as it is plural. Moreover, the short side 22b side of the hook member 22 has substantially the same length as the thickness of the iron plate 1.

  When constructing the foundation structure, first, the steel plates 1 are laid out in the grooves dug in the ground, and three auxiliary beams 20 are arranged at equal intervals in this embodiment as shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the long side 22 a side of the hook member 22 is hooked on the lower surface side of the side edge portion 1 b of the iron plate 1 at the position where the auxiliary beam 20 is arranged, and the hook member 22 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 25. The bolt 23 inserted from the lower side is passed through the bolt insertion hole 26 of the auxiliary beam 20, and is fastened to the lower flange 20 c of the auxiliary beam 20 with the nut 24 from the inside, whereby the long side 22 a of the hook member 22 is the side edge of the iron plate 1. The upper end of the short side 22b of the hook member 22 is pressed against the outside of the lower flange 20c of the auxiliary beam 20 while being pressed against the lower surface of the portion 1b. In this way, the auxiliary beam 20 can be fixed to the iron plate 1.

  In this embodiment, the displacement of the foundation beam 2 can be corrected by adjusting the tightening positions of the three bolt insertion holes provided in the auxiliary beam 20. As shown in FIG. 8, when the left and right positions of the laid iron plates 1 are deviated from the initial set positions, the auxiliary beams 20 are not arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1. It arrange | positions a little in the width direction, and it fixes to the iron plate 1 in the state which made the length which protrudes from the both ends of the iron plate 1 differ in right and left. In that case, it can respond by changing the attachment position of the three bolt insertion holes 26 provided in the hook member 22.

  After the auxiliary beam 20 is fixed to the iron plate 1, as shown in FIG. 9, the base beam 2 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the auxiliary beam 20 on the substantially central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1, and the second fixing means 29 fixes the auxiliary beam 20. Fix to 20. Four bolt insertion holes 30 are provided in a substantially central portion of the upper flange 20b of the auxiliary beam 20, and three auxiliary beams 20 fixed on the iron plate 1 are provided in the lower flange 2c of the base beam 2. A pair of bolt insertion holes 31 are provided at positions corresponding to the positions with the web 2a interposed therebetween. The foundation beam 2 is placed on the auxiliary beam 20 with a washer plate 32 interposed therebetween. The washer plate 32 is also provided with four bolt insertion holes 33. The washer plate 32 is also used for adjusting the height of the foundation beam 2, and the height of the foundation beam 2 can be easily adjusted by changing the number of the washer plates 32 or changing the thickness of the washer plate 32. Can do.

  The second fixing means 29 has a bolt 34 and a nut 35 that fix the foundation beam 2 to the auxiliary beam 20. After the foundation beam 2 is placed on the auxiliary beam 20 via the washer plate 32 and the respective bolt insertion holes are aligned, the bolt 34 is inserted from the lower side of the upper flange 20b of the auxiliary beam 20 to insert the foundation beam. The base beam 2 can be firmly fixed to the auxiliary beam 20 as shown in FIG. 10 by penetrating to the second side and tightening the nut 35 from the tip of the bolt 34. Complete.

  11 and 12 show another embodiment of the second fixing means. The second fixing means 36 shown here fixes the foundation beam 2 using the hook member 22 used in the first fixing means 21. By hooking the hook member 22 between the lower flange 2 c of the foundation beam 2 and the upper flange 20 b of the auxiliary beam 20, the hook member 22 is fastened to the upper flange 20 b of the auxiliary beam 20 with bolts 37 and nuts 38. The lower flange 2c of the foundation beam 2 is pressed and fixed on the long side 22a side of the member 22. By using the hook member 22, the foundation beam 2 can be easily fixed, and the positional deviation of the foundation beam 2 in the left-right direction can be adjusted by the second fixing means 36. Even in the second fixing means using the hook member 22, the foundation beam 2 is placed on the auxiliary beam 20 via the washer plate 39, but the washer plate 39 has a bolt insertion hole 33 as described above. There is no need to provide.

  In the foundation structure of the building in the second embodiment, the load applied to the foundation beam 2 from the building is received by the iron plate 1 via the auxiliary beam 20. Since the load from the foundation beam 2 is not directly received by the iron plate 1 but is effectively dispersed by the three auxiliary beams 20, the load resistance of the iron plate 1 can be further enhanced.

  FIGS. 13 to 15 show a third embodiment of the foundation structure of a building according to the present invention. As in the second embodiment, the foundation structure according to this embodiment includes a rectangular iron plate 1, a long foundation beam 2 disposed substantially on the central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1, and the iron plate 1 and the foundation beam 2. A plurality of auxiliary beams 40 interposed therebetween form the foundation structure of the building, but the first fixing means 41 for fixing the foundation beam 2 to the iron plate 1 is different from the previous embodiment. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the auxiliary beam 40 in this embodiment is made of a steel material having an H-shaped cross section that extends long in the width direction of the iron plate 1, and both ends thereof extend to the vicinity of both sides of the iron plate 1. Unlike the example, it is formed slightly shorter than the width of the iron plate 1. Further, end walls 42 for closing the ends are formed at both ends of the auxiliary beam 40, and shaft insertion holes 43 are provided in the end walls 42. Further, in this embodiment, the hook member 7 in the first embodiment is used, a shaft 44 that connects the hook member 7 and the end wall portion 42 of the auxiliary beam 40, and both ends of the shaft 44 are connected to the hook member 7 and the auxiliary member. First fixing means 41 is constituted by nuts 45a and 45b that are fastened to the end wall portion 42 of the beam 40, respectively. Since the hook member 7 has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given here and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  When constructing the foundation structure, as in the previous embodiment, first, after arranging a plurality of iron plates 1 on the ground, auxiliary beams 40 are arranged in the width direction of the iron plate 1. Next, the hook members 7 are arranged on both sides of the iron plate 1 in accordance with the positions of the shaft insertion holes 43 provided in the end wall portion 42 of the auxiliary beam 40, and the hook portions 11 of the hook members 7 are connected to the side edge portions of the iron plate 1. Hang on 1b. Next, the shaft 44 is spanned between the shaft insertion hole 43 provided in the end wall portion 42 of the auxiliary beam 40 and the shaft insertion hole 13 provided in the vertical wall portion 12 of the hook member 7, and nuts are provided from both ends of the shaft 44. Tighten with 45a. When the shaft 44 is passed over, a nut 45b to be tightened from the inside is fitted into the shaft 44 in advance. Further, in this embodiment, the pair of left and right shafts 44 for fixing the auxiliary beam 40 is connected to the auxiliary beam 40 at a position shifted back and forth rather than on a straight line. Further, a pair of hook members 7 may be disposed on the front and rear sides, and the hook members 7 and the pair of front and rear end wall portions 42 may be fastened.

  As in the first embodiment, the lateral displacement of the foundation beam 40 can be corrected by shifting the auxiliary beam 40 in the lateral width direction of the iron plate 1 while changing the length of the pair of left and right shafts 44 that are spanned. it can. When the position of the auxiliary beam 40 is determined, the nut 45b inside the shaft 44 is tightened to complete the positioning. In addition, a bolt with a long shaft can be used instead of the shaft 44, and it can be similarly fixed by inserting a bolt from the auxiliary beam 40 side to the hook member 7 side and tightening a nut from the tip side.

  As shown in FIG. 13, auxiliary beams 40 are arranged at three positions with respect to one iron plate 1 and fixed to the iron plate 1. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2 is arranged and fixed to the auxiliary beam 40 by the second fixing means 29. Since the second fixing means 29 has substantially the same structure as in the second embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. Instead of the second fixing means 29, the foundation beam 2 can be fixed by the second fixing means 36 using the hook member 22 as described above.

  Also in this embodiment, the load from the foundation beam 2 is not directly received by the iron plate 1 but is effectively distributed by the three auxiliary beams 40, so that the load resistance of the iron plate 1 is further increased as in the second embodiment. It can be further enhanced.

  When removing the above-mentioned foundation structure, in the first embodiment, the fixing means 3 connecting the steel plate 1 and the foundation beam 2 is released, and in the second and third embodiments, After releasing the first fixing means 21 and 41 connecting the iron plate 1 and the auxiliary beams 20 and 40 and the second fixing means 29 and 36 connecting the auxiliary beams 20 and 40 and the foundation beam 2, the iron plate 1, By simply removing the foundation beam 2 and the auxiliary beams 20, 40, the foundation structure is removed, and the temporary site can be returned to the original state.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Iron plate 1a Center axis 1b Side edge 2 Foundation beam 2a Web 2b Upper flange 2c Lower flange 3 Fixing means 4 Ground 5 Groove 6 Gravel 7 Hook member 8 Shaft 9a, 9b Nut 10 Male screw 11 Hook part 12 Vertical wall part 13 Shaft Insertion hole 14a, 14b Shaft insertion hole 20 Auxiliary beam 20a Web 20b Upper flange 20c Lower flange 21 First fixing means 22 Hook member 22a Long side 22b Short side 23 Bolt 24 Nut 25, 26, 27 Bolt insertion hole 29 Second fixing means 30, 31, 33 Bolt insertion hole 32, 39 Washer plate 34 Bolt 35 Nut 36 Second fixing means 37 Bolt 38 Nut 40 Auxiliary beam 41 First fixing means 42 End wall portion 43 Shaft insertion hole 44 Shaft 45a, 45b Nut

Claims (6)

  An iron plate laid on the ground, a long foundation beam arranged substantially on the central axis of the iron plate, and hook members arranged on both sides of the iron plate for fixing the foundation beam to the iron plate The basic structure of the building.   The foundation structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the hook member is hooked on a side edge portion of the iron plate, and a connecting material is stretched between the hook member and the foundation beam to be fixed.   2. The foundation structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the foundation beam is arranged via an auxiliary beam arranged on the iron plate in order to distribute a load on the iron plate.   The foundation structure of a building according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the auxiliary beams are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the foundation beams.   The building foundation according to claim 3, wherein both ends of the auxiliary beam extend to the vicinity of both sides of the iron plate, and both ends thereof are fixed to hook members arranged on both sides of the iron plate. The foundation structure of a building according to claim 3, wherein the foundation beam is fixed at a substantially central portion in a length direction of the auxiliary beam.

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