JP5407667B2 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5407667B2 JP5407667B2 JP2009198360A JP2009198360A JP5407667B2 JP 5407667 B2 JP5407667 B2 JP 5407667B2 JP 2009198360 A JP2009198360 A JP 2009198360A JP 2009198360 A JP2009198360 A JP 2009198360A JP 5407667 B2 JP5407667 B2 JP 5407667B2
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- H10D30/601—Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET] having lightly-doped drain or source extensions, e.g. LDD IGFETs or DDD IGFETs
- H10D30/603—Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET] having lightly-doped drain or source extensions, e.g. LDD IGFETs or DDD IGFETs having asymmetry in the channel direction, e.g. lateral high-voltage MISFETs having drain offset region or extended drain IGFETs [EDMOS]
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Description
本実施の形態は、例えばGSM方式などのネットワークを利用して情報を伝送するデジタル携帯電話(移動体通信装置)に使用(搭載)されるRF(Radio Frequency)パワーモジュールなどの電力増幅モジュール(半導体装置)およびそれに使用(搭載)される半導体チップ(半導体装置)である。
図1は、標準的なデジタル携帯電話機(デジタル携帯電話機システム、移動体通信装置)DPSの一例を示すブロック図(説明図)である。
図2は、図1に示されるデジタル携帯電話機DPSのような移動体通信装置に用いられている電力増幅モジュール(半導体装置、電子装置、電力増幅器、高出力増幅器、高周波電力増幅器、高周波電力増幅装置、電力増幅器モジュール、RFパワーモジュール)1の構成例を模式的に示した回路ブロック図(説明図)である。この図には、例えばGSM900とDCS1800との2つの周波数帯が使用可能(デュアルバンド方式)で、それぞれの周波数帯でGMSK(Gaussian filtered Minimum Shift Keying)変調方式とEDGE(Enhanced Data GSM Environment)変調方式との2つの通信方式を使用可能な電力増幅モジュールの回路ブロック図(増幅回路)が示されている。なお、GMSK変調方式は、音声信号の通信に用いる方式で搬送波の位相を送信データに応じて位相シフトする方式である。また、EDGE変調方式は、データ通信に用いる方式でGMSK変調の位相シフトにさらに振幅シフトを加えた方式である。
図3は、本実施の形態の電力増幅モジュール1の構造を示す概念的な上面図(上面透視図、平面図)であり、図4は、本実施の形態の電力増幅モジュール1の概念的な下面図(平面図)であり、図5は本実施の形態の電力増幅モジュール1の概念的な断面図(側面断面図)である。図3は封止樹脂7を透視した状態が示されている。また、図3は平面図、図5は断面図に対応するが、いずれも電力増幅モジュール1の概念的な構造が示されており、図3の構造を所定の位置で切断した断面と図5の断面図とは完全には一致していない。また、図3は、平面図であるが、図面を見易くするために、半導体チップ2,4、受動部品5および集積受動部品6に対してハッチングを付してある。
図7は、比較例の電力増幅モジュール201を示す断面図(側面断面図)であり、本実施の形態の上記図5に対応するものである。
図8は、本実施の形態の半導体チップ2の平面図(平面レイアウト図)であり、半導体チップ2の回路配置例が示されている。なお、図8は平面図であるが、図面を見易くするために、LDMOSFET形成領域REGL1〜REGL3,REGH1〜REGH3およびバンプ電極BPについてはハッチングを付してある。
半導体チップ2におけるLDMOSFET形成領域REGL1,REGL2,REGL3,REGH1,REGH2,REGH3の構成について、その製造工程に絡めて説明する。図9〜図28は、本実施の形態の半導体装置(上記半導体チップ2に対応)の製造工程中の要部断面図または要部平面図である。
図29は、第1の比較例の半導体チップ202の要部断面図である。
図30は、第2の比較例の半導体チップ302の要部断面図である。
本実施の形態の半導体チップ2は、上述したように、LDMOSFET形成領域REG1に形成されたLDMOSFET素子(複数の単位LDMOSFET50aを並列に接続して構成されたLDMOSFET素子)のソース用バンプ電極BPS、ドレイン用バンプ電極BPDおよびゲート用バンプ電極BPGのうち、ソース用バンプ電極BPSを、LDMOSFET形成領域REG1上に配置している。これにより、半導体チップ2の特性、特に放熱特性を向上させることができ、それによって、電力増幅モジュール1の性能(特性)、特に放熱特性を向上させることができる。
本実施の形態の配線基板3の構成、特に配線基板3におけるビアVH1,VH2,VH3について、より詳細に説明する。
次に、ソース用バンプ電極BPSから配線基板3へ伝導した熱の配線基板3における放熱経路に関連して、本実施の形態の配線基板3の特徴について説明する。
図37は、第1の比較例の配線基板203の要部断面図、図38は、第2の比較例の配線基板303の要部断面図であり、いずれも本実施の形態の上記図32に対応するものである。
それに対して、本実施の形態では、配線基板3において、コア層CR1とプリプレグ層PP1とプリプレグ層PP2とに、それぞれ複数のビアVH1と複数のビアVH2と複数のビアVH3とを設けており、ビアVH1とビアVH2とビアVH3とは、個別に形成している。すなわち、配線基板3において、ソース用ビアVH2Sとソース用ビアVH1Sとソース用ビアVH3Sとは、配線基板3の上面3aに直交する同一の直線上に位置しているが、同工程で一緒に形成された貫通ビアではない。
図40は、本実施の形態の半導体チップ2の要部平面図であり、上記実施の形態1の上記図28に対応するものである。上記図28と同様、図40においても、ソース用バンプ電極BPS、ドレイン用バンプ電極BPDおよびゲート用バンプ電極BPGの平面レイアウトが実線で示されている。また、位置関係を理解しやすいように、図40においては、ソース用導体層CNDS、ドレイン用導体層CNDDおよびゲート用導体層CNDGを破線で示し、ソース用パッドM3S、ドレイン用パッドM3Dおよびゲート用パッドM3Gを二点鎖線で示し、LDMOSFET形成領域REG1を破線で示してある。図41は、図40と同じ領域を示す本実施の形態の半導体チップ2の要部平面図であるが、上記図35に対応するものであり、ソース用バンプ電極BPS、ドレイン用バンプ電極BPDおよびゲート用バンプ電極BPGのレイアウトが実線で示され、上記LDMOSFET形成領域REG1が破線で示され、他の構成要素の図示を省略したものである。なお、図41は、平面図であるが、理解を簡単にするために、ソース用バンプ電極BPS、ドレイン用バンプ電極BPDおよびゲート用バンプ電極BPGに斜線のハッチングを付してある。
本実施の形態は、半導体装置およびその製造技術に関し、特に、ヘテロ接合型バイポーラトランジスタ(HBT:Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor)を含む半導体装置およびその製造技術に適用して有効な技術に関するものである。
2 半導体チップ
2a 表面
2b 裏面
3 配線基板
3a 上面
3b 下面
4 半導体チップ
5 受動部品
6 集積受動部品
7 封止樹脂
11 チップ搭載用導体パターン
12 半田
13 パッド電極
14 ボンディングワイヤ
15 バンプ電極
21 実装基板
21a 上面
22 部品
23a,23b,23c 端子
24 半田
31 半導体基板
32 エピタキシャル層
33 p型埋め込み層
34 素子分離領域
35 活性領域
37 p型ウエル
38 ゲート絶縁膜
39 ゲート電極
40 第1のn−型ドレイン領域
41 n−型ソース領域41
42 サイドウォールスペーサ
43 第2のn−型ドレイン領域
44 n+型ドレイン領域
45 n+型ソース領域
46 p+型半導体領域
50 単位セル
50a 単位LDMOSFET
51,54,57 絶縁膜
53,56,59 プラグ
61 絶縁膜
62,62D,62G,62S 開口部
63 シード膜
64 銅膜
65 ニッケル膜
69 UBM膜
70 矢印
71,72,73,74 導体層
71D ドレインランド用導体パターン
71S ソースランド用導体パターン
102AM1,102AM2,102BM1,102BM2 整合回路
103 周辺回路
103A 制御回路
103A1 電源制御回路
103A2 バイアス電圧生成回路
103B バイアス回路
103C 制御回路
104a,104b,104c 入力端子
105A,105B 整合回路
106 端子
107A,107B 整合回路
108A,108B ローパスフィルタ
109A,109B スイッチ回路
110a,110b 端子
133 素子形成領域
201 電力増幅モジュール
202 半導体チップ
203 配線基板
203c,203d,203e 絶縁層
204 半導体チップ
205 受動部品
206 集積受動部品
207 封止樹脂
211 チップ搭載用導体パターン
212 半田
213 パッド電極
214 ボンディングワイヤ
215 バンプ電極
269 UBM膜
362 開口部
363 シード膜
364 銅膜
365 ニッケル膜
366 再配線
369 UBM膜
401 制御回路
402a〜402c 増幅器
403a〜403c 増幅器
410 配線基板
411 外部配線
412 GND用外部配線
413 配線
414 チップ部品
414a 接続端子
415 接続用はんだもしくは高熱伝導接着剤
416 基板表面電極
417 VIAホール
418 ビア
419 半導体チップ
419a コレクタバンプ電極
419b エミッタバンプ電極
419c ベースバンプ電極
420 信号電極用バンプ
423 封止部
425〜427 HBT
428 制御IC
430 GaAs基板
431 サブコレクタ層
432 コレクタメサ
433 ベースメサ
434 エミッタ層
435 エミッタ電極
436 ベース電極
437 コレクタ電極
438 絶縁膜
439a,439b 接続孔
440a モリブデン膜
440b 金膜
440c モリブデン膜
441 絶縁膜
442a,442b,442c 接続孔
443a モリブデン膜
443b 金膜
443c モリブデン膜
445a モリブデン/金膜
445b 金膜
502 はんだめっき
505 矩形等の突起
ANT アンテナ
ANT−SW アンテナスイッチ
AGCAMP AGCアンプ
BB1 ベースバンド部
BP,BP1 バンプ電極
BPD,BPD1,BPD2,BPD3,BPD4,BPD5,BPD6 バンプ電極
BPG,BPG1,BPG2,BPG3,BPG4,BPG5,BPG6 バンプ電極
BPS,BPS1,BPS2,BPS3,BPS4,BPS5,BPS6 バンプ電極
BP202,BP302 ソース用バンプ電極
CDP 表示・制御部
CND 導体層
CNDD ドレイン用導体層
CNDG ゲート用導体層
CNDS ソース用導体層
COD1 音声CODEC
COD2 チャネルCODEC
CR1 コア層
DAC D/A変換回路
DMDL 復調回路
DPS デジタル携帯電話機
FPL1 RF−PLL
FPL2 IF−PLL
IFC IF回路
IL 絶縁膜
L1,L2 長さ
L3 直径
L4 距離
LCD 液晶表示部
LDML,LDMH 電力増幅回路
LDML1,LDML2,LDML3,LDMH1,LDMH2,LDMH3 増幅段
LNA 低雑音アンプ
LP,LP201 ランド
LPD,LPD203 ドレイン用ランド
LPS,LPS203 ソース用ランド
M1,M2,M3 配線
M1D,M2D ドレイン配線
M1G,M2G ゲート配線
M1S,M2S ソース配線
M2D1 配線部
M2D2 連結配線部
M3D ドレイン用パッド
M3G ゲート用パッド
M3S,M3S302 ソース用パッド
MCN マイコン
MDL 変調回路
MIC マイク
MRY メモリ
RFB1 RFブロック部
OP 開口部
OP2 バンプ用開口部
OP3 開口部
PI1 絶縁膜
PI2 樹脂絶縁膜
PI3 樹脂膜
PI4 樹脂絶縁膜
PR1 レジストパターン
PR1a 開口部
PP1,PP2 プリプレグ層
QMD 直交変調器
REG1 LDMOSFET形成領域
REG2,REG3 領域
REGL1,REGL2,REGL3 LDMOSFET形成領域
REGH1,REGH2,REGH3 LDMOSFET形成領域
RPB プローブ
RX−MIX 受信ミクサ
SR1,SR2 半田レジスト層
SP スピーカ
T1,T2 厚み
T3 高さ
TE1,TE2,TE201,TE202 裏面端子
TX−MIX 送信ミクサ
VH,VH1、VH2,VH3,VH201 ビア
VH1S,VH2S,VH3S ソース用ビア
VH203 貫通ビア
VH301,VH302,VH303 ソース用ビア
WP 配線パターン
Claims (28)
- 電力増幅回路用のLDMOSFET素子が形成され、前記LDMOSFET素子のソース用バンプ電極、ドレイン用バンプ電極およびゲート用バンプ電極を含む複数のバンプ電極を有する半導体装置であって、
半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の主面の第1LDMOSFET形成領域に形成された、前記LDMOSFET素子用の複数のソース領域および複数のドレイン領域と、
前記半導体基板の前記主面の前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域上にそれぞれゲート絶縁膜を介して形成された、前記LDMOSFET素子用の複数のゲート電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記主面上に前記複数のゲート電極よりも上層に形成されたソース用パッド、ドレイン用パッドおよびゲート用パッドと、
前記半導体基板の前記主面上に前記複数のゲート電極よりも上層でかつ前記ソース用パッド、前記ドレイン用パッドおよび前記ゲート用パッドよりも下層に形成され、前記複数のソース領域と前記ソース用パッドとの間を電気的に接続するソース用配線、前記複数のドレイン領域と前記ドレイン用パッドとの間を電気的に接続するドレイン用配線、および前記複数のゲート電極と前記ゲート用パッドとの間を電気的に接続するゲート用配線と、
前記ソース用パッド上に前記ソース用パッドよりも厚いソース用導体層を介して形成された前記ソース用バンプ電極と、
前記ドレイン用パッド上に前記ドレイン用パッドよりも厚いドレイン用導体層を介して形成された前記ドレイン用バンプ電極と、
前記ゲート用パッド上に前記ゲート用パッドよりも厚いゲート用導体層を介して形成された前記ゲート用バンプ電極と、
前記ソース用バンプ電極、前記ドレイン用バンプ電極および前記ゲート用バンプ電極が配置されていない部分の前記ゲート用導体層、前記ソース用導体層および前記ドレイン用導体層と前記ゲート用パッド、前記ソース用パッドおよび前記ドレイン用パッドとを覆うように形成された樹脂膜と、
を備え、
前記ソース用バンプ電極は、前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域上に配置され、
前記ソース用バンプ電極と前記ソース用導体層の間、前記ドレイン用バンプ電極と前記ドレイン用導体層の間、および前記ゲート用バンプ電極と前記ゲート用導体層の間には、前記樹脂膜が形成されていないことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記ゲート用パッド、前記ソース用パッドおよび前記ドレイン用パッドは、互いに同層に形成され、
前記ゲート用導体層、前記ソース用導体層および前記ドレイン用導体層は、互いに同層に形成されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項2記載の半導体装置において、
前記ゲート用パッド、前記ソース用パッドおよび前記ドレイン用パッドは、アルミニウムを主体として形成されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項3記載の半導体装置において、
前記ゲート用導体層、前記ソース用導体層および前記ドレイン用導体層は、銅を主体として形成されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項4記載の半導体装置において、
前記LDMOSFET素子は、前記半導体基板の前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域に形成された複数の単位LDMOSFET素子を並列に接続して構成されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項5記載の半導体装置において、
前記ソース用バンプ電極は、前記複数のソース領域、前記複数のドレイン領域および前記複数のゲート電極の少なくとも一部と平面的に重なっていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項6記載の半導体装置において、
前記ドレイン用バンプ電極および前記ゲート用バンプ電極は、前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域に平面的に重ならない位置に配置されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項7記載の半導体装置において、
前記樹脂膜は最上層保護膜であることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項8記載の半導体装置において、
前記ソース用バンプ電極が前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域上に複数形成されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項9記載の半導体装置において、
前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域に平面的に重なるように配置された共通の前記ソース用パッド上に、複数の前記ソース用バンプ電極が、それぞれ前記ソース用導体層を介して配置されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項10記載の半導体装置において、
前記樹脂膜はポリイミド樹脂からなることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項11記載の半導体装置において、
前記電力増幅回路は複数の増幅回路を多段接続した多段構成を有しており、
前記各増幅回路を構成するLDMOSFET素子が前記半導体装置に形成され、
前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域に形成された前記複数の単位LDMOSFET素子は、多段構成の前記複数の増幅回路のうちの最終段の増幅回路を構成していることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項8記載の半導体装置において、
前記ドレイン用バンプ電極は複数形成されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項13記載の半導体装置において、
前記ソース用バンプ電極の平面積は、前記複数のドレイン用バンプ電極のうちの2個の前記ドレイン用バンプ電極の平面積の和よりも大きいことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項14記載の半導体装置において、
前記ソース用バンプ電極の平面形状は略長方形状であり、その長辺の長さは、前記複数のドレイン用バンプ電極のうちの隣り合う2個の前記ドレイン用バンプ電極の中心間の距離よりも長いことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 電力増幅回路を有する半導体装置であって、
コア層、前記コア層の上に形成された第1絶縁層、および前記コア層の下に形成された第2絶縁層を含む多層配線基板と、
前記電力増幅回路用のLDMOSFET素子を含み、前記多層配線基板上に搭載された半導体チップと、
を備え、
前記多層配線基板は、前記コア層に形成された複数の第1ビアと、前記第1絶縁層に形成された複数の第2ビアと、前記第2絶縁層に形成された複数の第3ビアと、前記多層配線基板の上面に形成された複数のランドとを有しており、
前記半導体チップは、前記半導体チップの第1主面に、前記LDMOSFET素子のソース用バンプ電極、ドレイン用バンプ電極およびゲート用バンプ電極を含む複数のバンプ電極を有し、かつ前記第1主面が前記多層配線基板の前記上面に対向するように搭載されており、
前記ソース用バンプ電極は、前記複数のランドのうちの複数のソース用ランドに電気的かつ機械的に接続されており、
前記複数の第2ビアのうちの複数のソース用第2ビアが、前記複数のソース用ランドの下にそれぞれ配置されかつ前記複数のソース用ランドにそれぞれ電気的に接続され、
前記複数の第1ビアのうちの複数のソース用第1ビアが、前記複数のソース用第2ビアの下にそれぞれ配置されかつ前記複数のソース用第2ビアにそれぞれ電気的に接続され、
前記複数の第3ビアのうちの複数のソース用第3ビアが、前記複数のソース用第1ビアの下にそれぞれ配置されかつ前記複数のソース用第1ビアにそれぞれ電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項16記載の半導体装置において、
前記複数のソース用第2ビアと前記複数のソース用第1ビアと前記複数のソース用第3ビアとは、前記多層配線基板の前記上面に直交する同一の直線上に配置されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項17記載の半導体装置において、
前記LDMOSFET素子は、前記半導体チップの第1LDMOSFET形成領域に形成された複数の単位LDMOSFET素子を並列に接続して構成されており、
前記半導体チップにおいて、前記ソース用バンプ電極は、前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域上に配置されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項18記載の半導体装置において、
前記多層配線基板の下面にソース用端子が形成されており、
前記複数のソース用ランドは、前記多層配線基板の前記上面に直交する同一の直線上に配置された前記複数のソース用第1ビア、前記複数のソース用第2ビアおよび前記複数のソース用第3ビアを介して、前記ソース用端子に電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項19記載の半導体装置において、
前記ソース用端子は、前記多層配線基板の下面における前記半導体チップの直下の領域を全て含むように形成されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項20記載の半導体装置において、
前記複数のソース用第2ビアおよび前記複数のソース用第3ビアの各々は、ブラインドビアホールであり、
前記複数のソース用第1ビアの各々は、インナビアホールであることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項21記載の半導体装置において、
前記半導体チップには、前記ドレイン用バンプ電極が複数形成されており、
前記ソース用バンプ電極の平面積は、前記複数のドレイン用バンプ電極のうちの2個の前記ドレイン用バンプ電極の平面積の和よりも大きいことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項21記載の半導体装置において、
前記半導体チップには、前記ドレイン用バンプ電極が複数形成されており、
前記ソース用バンプ電極の平面形状は略長方形状であり、その長辺の長さは、前記複数のドレイン用バンプ電極のうちの隣り合う2個の前記ドレイン用バンプ電極の中心間の距離よりも長いことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 電力増幅回路を有する半導体装置であって、
コア層、前記コア層の上に形成された第1絶縁層、および前記コア層の下に形成された第2絶縁層を含む多層配線基板と、
前記電力増幅回路用のLDMOSFET素子を含み、前記多層配線基板上に搭載された半導体チップと、
を備え、
前記多層配線基板は、前記コア層に形成された複数の第1ビアと、前記第1絶縁層に形成された複数の第2ビアと、前記第2絶縁層に形成された複数の第3ビアと、前記多層配線基板の上面に形成された複数のランドとを有しており、
前記半導体チップは、前記半導体チップの第1主面に、前記LDMOSFET素子のソース用バンプ電極、ドレイン用バンプ電極およびゲート用バンプ電極を含む複数のバンプ電極を有し、かつ前記第1主面が前記多層配線基板の前記上面に対向するように搭載されており、
前記半導体チップには、前記ソース用バンプ電極が複数形成されており、
前記複数のソース用バンプ電極は、前記複数のランドのうちの複数のソース用ランドにそれぞれ電気的かつ機械的に接続されており、
前記複数の第2ビアのうちの複数のソース用第2ビアが、前記複数のソース用ランドの下にそれぞれ配置されかつ前記複数のソース用ランドにそれぞれ電気的に接続され、
前記複数の第1ビアのうちの複数のソース用第1ビアが、前記複数のソース用第2ビアの下にそれぞれ配置されかつ前記複数のソース用第2ビアにそれぞれ電気的に接続され、
前記複数の第3ビアのうちの複数のソース用第3ビアが、前記複数のソース用第1ビアの下にそれぞれ配置されかつ前記複数のソース用第1ビアにそれぞれ電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項24記載の半導体装置において、
前記複数のソース用第2ビアと前記複数のソース用第1ビアと前記複数のソース用第3ビアとは、前記多層配線基板の前記上面に直交する同一の直線上に配置されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項25記載の半導体装置において、
前記LDMOSFET素子は、前記半導体チップの第1LDMOSFET形成領域に形成された複数の単位LDMOSFET素子を並列に接続して構成されており、
前記半導体チップにおいて、前記複数のソース用バンプ電極は、前記第1LDMOSFET形成領域上に配置されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項26記載の半導体装置において、
前記多層配線基板の下面にソース用端子が形成されており、
前記ソース用端子は、前記多層配線基板の下面における前記半導体チップの直下の領域を全て含むように形成されており、
前記複数のソース用ランドは、前記多層配線基板の前記上面に直交する同一の直線上に配置された前記複数のソース用第1ビア、前記複数のソース用第2ビアおよび前記複数のソース用第3ビアを介して、前記ソース用端子に電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項27記載の半導体装置において、
前記複数のソース用第2ビアおよび前記複数のソース用第3ビアの各々は、ブラインドビアホールであり、
前記複数のソース用第1ビアの各々は、インナビアホールであることを特徴とする半導体装置。
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