JP5385707B2 - Air conditioner for work vehicle and work vehicle equipped with the air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner device for a work vehicle provided with a cabin, and an work vehicle equipped with such an air conditioner device, in which an engine and an engine cooling device are arranged in an engine room covered upward by a bonnet. .

  Left and right front wheels and left and right rear wheels arranged at the front and rear of the main frame, a boom assembly linked to the rear of the main frame and extending forward, an engine room arranged at the rear of the main frame, and a front of the engine room A skid steer loader as a work vehicle provided with an arranged cabin is known from US Pat. No. 7,426,909 (Patent Document 1). In this skid steer loader, a radiator with a fan that constitutes an engine cooling device is disposed above an engine vertically arranged in an engine room, and for an air conditioner that cools the cabin interior behind the radiator and above the engine. And a fan for cooling the capacitor are arranged.

US Pat. No. 7,426,909 (columns 3-5, FIG. 2)

Since the condenser constituting the air conditioner in Patent Document 1 is disposed near the engine in the engine room, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the fan in order to obtain a sufficient cooling effect. Further, since the fan is arranged so that the rotation axis thereof is horizontal in order to cool the condenser, the space in the engine room is increased, which is disadvantageous in terms of downsizing.
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to obtain an air conditioner that efficiently cools a condenser without increasing the space of an engine room, and a work vehicle including such an air conditioner.

An air conditioner for a work vehicle having a cabin according to the present invention includes an engine and an engine cooling device disposed in an engine room covered upward by a bonnet, a capacitor unit housing is provided on the hood, and the capacitor A condenser unit for an air conditioner is disposed in a unit housing, and the capacitor unit housing includes an external housing disposed on the outside of the bonnet and an internal housing disposed on the inside of the bonnet. And a bonnet region between the inner housing and the inner housing . According to this configuration, since the capacitor unit is arranged in the bonnet, the space required by the capacitor unit in the engine room is not large, and the arrangement space occupied by the capacitor unit is an unused area around the hood. For this reason, the arrangement of the capacitor unit contributes to a compact engine room. Furthermore, the back side of the bonnet is exposed to the heat of the engine, but the front side is in contact with the outside air, and the area around the bonnet in the engine room is advantageous in terms of temperature. Therefore, by adopting a structure in which the capacitor unit is disposed in the capacitor unit housing provided in the bonnet, the capacitor itself is efficiently cooled. Furthermore, in the present invention, the capacitor unit housing includes an external housing disposed on the outside of the bonnet, and an internal housing disposed on the inside of the bonnet, and the outer housing and the inner housing The capacitor unit housing is divided into an external housing part that protrudes from the bonnet to the outside and an internal housing part that protrudes from the bonnet to the engine room side, so there is a capacitor on one side of the bonnet. The bad balance of space utilization due to the unit housing popping out is avoided.

  In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air flow passage having an air inlet and an air outlet opening outside the bonnet is formed in the capacitor unit housing, and an air conditioner condenser is formed in the air flow passage. Unit is arranged. According to this characteristic configuration, outside air as cooling air is introduced from the outside of the bonnet from the air inflow port, and the outside air warmed by heat exchange with the condenser unit is exhausted from the air outflow port to the outside of the bonnet again. As a result, the condenser unit is always fresh, that is, the outside air that is much cooler than the inside of the engine room flows as cooling air, so that a high cooling effect can be obtained.

In the configuration in which the capacitor unit housing as described above is provided in the bonnet, if the fan is disposed on the outer housing side and the capacitor unit is disposed on the inner housing side, the capacitor unit is disposed on the engine room side. Therefore, piping of the capacitor unit becomes easy.

  The condenser unit for an air conditioner according to the present invention includes a vehicle body frame, an engine and an engine cooling device disposed in an engine room formed in the vehicle body frame, a bonnet that covers an upper portion of the engine room, and a vehicle frame supported When employed for an air conditioner in a work vehicle comprising a cabin, the proportion of the condenser unit in the engine room is reduced, which is advantageous.

  Further, in such a work vehicle, the bonnet is provided with an opening / closing cover portion that can swing open and close, and when the capacitor unit housing is provided on the opening / closing cover portion, the capacitor unit is opened by opening the opening / closing cover portion. Access to the capacitor becomes easier, and the maintainability of the capacitor unit is improved.

  In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat shield cover for suppressing heat transfer to the capacitor unit is provided on the engine room side of the capacitor unit housing, and the heat shield cover is provided when the open / close cover portion is opened. The capacitor unit can be rocked open to open the capacitor unit. According to this characteristic configuration, during normal operation, radiant heat from the engine can be prevented from reaching the condenser unit by the heat shield cover, and the open / close cover portion of the bonnet is opened and the heat shield cover is opened during maintenance. By moving, the capacitor unit can be accessed.

It is a side view of the skid steer loader which shows one embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the skid steer loader according to FIG. It is a side view which shows the bonnet and engine room which attached the capacitor | condenser unit. It is a side view which shows the capacitor | condenser unit housing and capacitor unit which were attached to the bonnet. It is explanatory drawing explaining a series of rocking | fluctuation attitude | positions of the opening / closing cover part of a bonnet. It is a schematic diagram which shows typically piping of an air-conditioner apparatus.

  Hereinafter, a skid steer loader as an example of a preferred embodiment of a work vehicle equipped with an air conditioner according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of the skid steer loader, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the skid steer loader as viewed obliquely from the rear. As shown in these drawings, the skid steer loader includes a main frame assembly 1, a boom assembly 2 attached to the main frame assembly 1, and a pair of left and right traveling assemblies 3 that support the main frame assembly 1. A cabin 4 is mounted on the front side of the assembly 1. Since the boom loader 2 in this embodiment is equipped with a bucket loader working device as an implement (working device), this work vehicle functions as a loader, but instead of this, a snow removal working device or the like is attached. It is possible to make this company vehicle function as a snowplow.

  Although not shown, the main frame assembly 1 includes a box-shaped frame 10 having a bottom portion, a pair of left and right side walls, and a front and rear wall and having an open top as a body frame. A pair of left and right boom support portions 11 for mounting the boom assembly 2 are formed at the rear portion of the box-shaped frame 10. The boom support portion 11 is provided with a boss portion for mounting the boom assembly 2 via a connecting member such as a connecting pin. Further, the rear wall of the box-shaped frame 10 is provided with a through-hole so as to function as a rear bonnet, and allows air to flow between the internal space of the box-shaped frame 10 and the outside of the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 2, a bonnet 13 is provided to cover the upper open area of the box-shaped frame 10 that reaches the cabin 4 from the rear wall of the box-shaped frame 10. Most of the rear of the bonnet 13 is opened, and an opening / closing cover portion 13a that swings and closes the opening so as to be openable is provided as a component of the bonnet 13.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the boom assembly 2 includes a pair of left and right booms 21 disposed on the left and right sides of the main frame assembly 1, and a bucket (a type of work tool) 22 attached to the tip of the boom 21. ing. The pair of left and right booms 21 are supported on the rear upper part of the main frame assembly 1 via a first lift link 23 and a second lift link 24 so as to swing up and down. A pair of left and right boom cylinders 25 formed of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder provided between the base side of the pair of left and right booms 21 and the lower part of the boom support unit 11 causes the tip side of the boom 21 to be on the front side of the main frame assembly 1. Go up and down. The base of the first lift link 23 is pivotally attached to a boss part provided at the rear upper part of the boom support part 11 so as to be swingable about a swinging axis 26 a in the transverse direction, and the tip part is a base part of the boom 21. Are pivotably coupled around a pivot shaft 26b in the left-right direction. The base of the second lift link 24 is pivotally attached to a boss provided on the front upper portion of the boom support portion 11 of the main frame assembly 1 so as to be swingable about a transverse swing shaft 26c. The part is connected to a position distant from the base part of the boom 21 toward the front end side so as to be swingable about a swinging shaft 26d in the transverse direction. The base of the boom cylinder 25 is pivotally attached to a boss portion provided at the lower rear portion of the boom support portion 11 of the main frame assembly 1 so as to be swingable about a swing shaft 26e in the transverse direction. The distal end portion of the piston rod is connected to a position away from the base portion of the boom 21 toward the distal end side so as to be swingable about the swing shaft 26f in the left-right direction. The swing shaft 26f is positioned on the tip side of the boom 21 with respect to the swing shaft 26e. Accordingly, the pair of left and right booms 21 are supported so as to be swingable up and down on the left and right sides of the cabin 4 without interfering with the cabin 4. The bucket 22 is supported at the tip of the boom 21 via a bracket 22a so as to be swingable about a swing shaft 26g in the left-right direction, and swinging operation (squeeze / dumping) by a bucket cylinder 27 formed of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. Operation).

  Since the traveling assembly 3 is known per se, it will not be described in detail. As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, a pair of front and rear driven wheels 32 supported by the track frame 31 and a pair of front and rear driven wheels 32 are provided. A crawler traveling assembly including a drive wheel 33 disposed above and a plurality of roller wheels 34 disposed below, and a crawler 35 wound around the driven wheel 32, the drive wheel 33, and the wheel 34. It is comprised by. The pair of left and right traveling assemblies 3 support the main frame assembly 1 such that the track frame 31 is fixed to the left and right side walls of the box frame 10 of the main frame assembly 1 so that the main frame assembly 1 can travel. The drive wheel 33 is rotationally driven by a pair of left and right independently controlled hydraulic motors (not shown), thereby causing the skid steer loader to move forward and backward and turn left and right.

  The cabin 4 is formed in a box shape as can be understood from FIGS. 1 and 2, and a driver's cab 40 in which a driver's seat and the like are arranged is formed. Although not shown in the drawing, the cabin 4 can swing freely because the bracket provided at the rear portion of the cabin 4 is connected to the support bracket provided at the box-shaped frame 10 via the swing shaft. Yes. Due to the swinging of the cabin 4, the front area of the box-shaped frame 10 covered with the cabin 4 is exposed, and the maintenance and inspection of the oil tank and the fuel tank arranged in the front area are facilitated. The driver gets into the driver's cab 40 and gets off through a door provided on the front side of the cabin 5 (not shown).

  The driver's seat disposed in the cab 40 is supported on the box-shaped frame 10 side, and a traveling system operation lever and a loader work system operation lever are provided on the left and right sides thereof. A large window glass with good visibility is mounted on the front and rear surfaces of the cabin 4, and a large number of small holes are provided on the left and right side surfaces of the cabin 4 to ensure the driver's field of view. . The upper surface and the bottom surface of the cabin 4 are substantially closed, and the cab 40 becomes a closed space when the cabin 4 is closed. Therefore, the skid steer loader is equipped with an air conditioner 5 that constitutes an air conditioning system for improving the migratory environment of the cab 40. As can be understood from FIG. 2, the capacitor unit 6 of the air conditioner device 5 is accommodated in a capacitor unit housing 7 formed in the open / close cover portion 13 a of the bonnet 13.

  FIG. 3 shows a power unit 8 disposed in the engine room 100 formed in the rear region of the box-shaped frame 10 constituting the main frame assembly 1 and a capacitor unit housing 7 formed in the open / close cover portion 13a of the bonnet 13. Shown in side view. The capacitor unit housing 7 accommodates the capacitor unit 6 of the air conditioner device 5.

  The power unit 8 includes an engine 81, a vertical radiator 82 as an engine cooling device disposed between the engine 81 and the rear bonnet 12, and a hydraulic transmission (HST) 83 disposed in front of the engine 81. It has. A fan shroud housing a fan is formed in a region of the radiator 82 on the engine 81 side, and this fan is rotationally driven by engine power through a belt transmission mechanism not shown in detail. Similarly, a compressor 51 for the air conditioner 5 that is rotationally driven by engine power via a belt transmission mechanism is disposed between the capacitor unit housing 7 and the engine 81 and attached to the upper end portion of the engine 81. Further, although not shown, an oil pump that is a triple gear pump, a hydraulic oil tank, and a hydraulic control device are arranged in front of the hydraulic transmission 83. The hydraulic transmission 83 changes speed by adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic motor (not shown) of the traveling assembly 3. The rotation direction of the hydraulic motor of the traveling assembly 3 is switched by selecting the left and right or front and rear of a traveling system operation lever (not shown here) provided in the cabin 4, and the rotation of the hydraulic motor. The speed is adjusted in proportion to the operating angle of the traveling system operating lever.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the central region of the bonnet 13 is formed as an opening / closing cover portion 13a. The opening / closing cover portion 13a is attached to the box-shaped frame 10 or a fixed bonnet portion by a support bracket 13b. It is supported so that it can swing. The opening / closing cover portion 13a has a considerably large opening at the center thereof, and the capacitor unit housing 7 is attached to the opening. The capacitor unit housing 7 includes an external housing 71 and an internal housing 72. When the capacitor unit housing 7 is attached to the bonnet 13, the external housing 71 is positioned outside the open / close cover portion 13a, and the internal housing 72 is opened / closed. It will be located inside the cover part 13a. That is, the outer housing 71 is exposed to the outside air, and the inner housing 72 is exposed to the hot air of the engine room 100.

  An opening 71a is provided in the side wall or top wall of the external housing 71, and a net 75 is attached to the opening 71a. A duct space 73 is formed in the front region of the inner housing 72. The bottom wall of the inner housing 72 functions as a heat shield cover 74 that shields hot air from the engine room 100, and as can be understood from FIG. It can be opened and closed around. Most of the boundary surface between the outer housing 71 and the inner housing 72 is opened, and as a result, the outer housing 71 passes through the duct space 73 and enters the inner space of the inner housing 72 as shown by arrows in FIG. Then, an air passage that reaches the outside through the inner space of the outer housing 71 again is formed. An opening 71a formed at a predetermined position of the outer housing 71 functions as an air inlet of the air passage, and an opening 71b formed at another predetermined position of the outer housing 71 functions as an air outlet of the air passage. Is configured to do. In this embodiment, the openings 71a and 71b are made of a punching metal or a net having many holes. In the capacitor unit housing 7, both the air inlet and the air outlet are formed in the outer housing 71.

  The air conditioner capacitor unit 6 housed in the capacitor unit housing 7 includes a horizontally mounted capacitor 60 and an axial flow fan 61 disposed to face the capacitor 60. On the lower surface of the capacitor 60, an air-conditioner refrigerant inflow pipe connection 62 and an outflow pipe connection 63 are provided. The capacitor unit housing 7 is disposed in the air passage formed in the capacitor unit housing 7 so that the fan 61 is located outside. As a result, outside air taken in from the outside of the bonnet 13 passes through the duct space 73 while cooling the condenser 60, passes through the fan 61 by the suction action of the fan 61, and is returned to the outside of the bonnet 13 again. The condenser 60 is efficiently cooled by fresh air from outside, usually at a lower temperature than the air in the engine room 100. Further, since the heat shield cover 74 forming the lower surface of the capacitor unit housing 7 is made of a thin metal plate, the heat shield cover 74 functions as a heat exchange plate, so that the hot air from the engine room 100 can be removed from the heat shield cover 74. It is also possible to construct such that the effect of cooling by an external airflow passing through the surface is produced as a secondary effect.

  The original role of the heat shield cover 74 is to prevent the hot air from the engine room 100 from directly reaching the condenser 60 and to create an air flow passage in the condenser unit housing 7. As shown in FIG. 5, the blocking cover 74 is swingably attached to the inner housing 72 in order to facilitate maintenance and inspection of the capacitor 60.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the capacitor unit housing 7 attached to the open / close cover portion 13a of the bonnet 13 has a substantially horizontal posture in which the capacitor 60 of the capacitor unit 6 is in a state where the open / close cover portion 13a is closed. Alternatively, it is housed and fixed in the capacitor unit 6 so as to have a slightly inclined posture so that the rear side is lowered. A drain port is formed in the rear end region of the heat shield cover 74 that functions as the bottom surface of the capacitor unit housing 7, and water dropped from the condenser is collected in the drain port, from which the radiator unit region of the engine room Falling directly into the engine area is avoided. When the open / close cover portion 13a is closed, the heat shield cover 74 is in a closed posture. Therefore, in maintenance inspection, as shown in FIG. 5B, the opening / closing cover portion 13a is opened with a light operation under the assistance of the gas spring 76. Thereby, the inside of the engine room 100 can be seen from the rear upper side. In a state where the opening / closing cover portion 13a is opened, that is, in a state where the lower surface of the capacitor unit housing 7 is raised, the heat shield cover 74 is swung in the opening direction by operating a clamping device (not shown). In this state shown in FIG. 5C, the capacitor 60 is exposed, so the maintenance inspector can easily check the state of the capacitor 60.

  FIG. 6 shows a schematic piping diagram of the air conditioner device 5 including the capacitor 60 described above. As is well known as an automobile air conditioner, the air conditioner 5 includes a compressor 51, a condenser 60, a cooling unit 52, an air conditioning duct 54, and connecting pipes 53a, 53b, 53c that connect these components. , And a tank (not shown). The refrigerant whose pressure has been increased by the compressor 51 and whose temperature has been increased is cooled by the condenser 60, and an endothermic (evaporation) process is performed in which the cooling unit 52 takes heat away as the pressure decreases. Since the cooling unit 52 functions as an evaporator, the air cooled there passes through the air conditioning duct 54 and releases cooling air from an air conditioner outlet opening in the cab 40 in the cabin 4. During heating, the cooling unit 52 performs a reheat function for overheating after cooling and dehumidifying air, but the description thereof is omitted.

  In the above-described embodiments, it is explicitly stated here that the features of one embodiment can be combined with the features of other embodiments, and such combinations are within the scope of the present invention as long as no contradiction arises. Keep it.

4: Cabin 10: Box frame 13: Bonnet 13a: Opening / closing cover part 40: Cab 5: Air conditioner 6: Capacitor unit 60: Capacitor 61: Fan 7: Capacitor unit housing 71: External housing 72: Internal housing 73: Duct Space part 74: Heat insulation cover 71a: Opening part 100: Engine room

Claims (7)

An air conditioner device for a work vehicle having a cabin and an engine and an engine cooling device disposed in an engine room covered by a bonnet,
A capacitor unit housing is provided in the bonnet, and an air conditioner capacitor unit is disposed in the capacitor unit housing.
The capacitor unit housing includes an external housing disposed on the outside of the bonnet and an internal housing disposed on the inside of the bonnet, and a bonnet region between the external housing and the internal housing is cut. Missing air conditioner.   The air flow passage having an air inlet and an air outlet opening outside the bonnet is formed in the capacitor unit housing, and a condenser unit for an air conditioner is disposed in the air flow passage. Air conditioner device.   The air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fan is disposed on the outer housing side and a capacitor is disposed on the inner housing side. A vehicle body frame, an engine and an engine cooling device disposed in an engine room formed in the vehicle body frame, a bonnet that covers an upper portion of the engine room, a cabin supported by the vehicle body frame, and the cabin A work vehicle equipped with an air conditioner
A capacitor unit housing is provided in the bonnet, and an air conditioner capacitor unit is disposed in the capacitor unit housing.
The capacitor unit housing includes an external housing disposed on the outside of the bonnet and an internal housing disposed on the inside of the bonnet, and a bonnet region between the external housing and the internal housing is cut. Missing work vehicle.   5. The air flow passage having an air inlet and an air outlet opening outside the bonnet is formed in the capacitor unit housing, and a condenser unit for an air conditioner is disposed in the air passage. Work vehicle.   The work vehicle according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the bonnet includes an opening / closing cover portion that can be opened and closed, and the capacitor unit housing is provided in the opening / closing cover portion. A heat insulation cover for suppressing heat transfer to the capacitor unit is provided on the engine room side of the capacitor unit housing, and the heat insulation cover is provided on the opening / closing cover portion to open the capacitor unit when the opening / closing cover portion is opened. The work vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the work vehicle is relatively open and swingable.

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