JP5299335B2 - Spiral antenna device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a spiral antenna device having good radio wave radiation characteristics in a high frequency band.

  In many cases, circularly polarized waves are used in high frequency wireless communication. This is because, for example, satellite broadcasting is used, and radio waves cannot be received depending on the direction of the antenna when linearly polarized. In addition, circularly polarized waves are also used in the radar. When circularly polarized waves are used, raindrops and clouds are not easily seen by the radar, and there is an advantage that the target reflector can be easily captured.

  One of the antennas that radiate circularly polarized waves is a spiral antenna (see, for example, Patent Document 1), which has good radio wave radiation characteristics in a high frequency band. In general, a power supply structure for a spiral antenna is configured such that an arm of a spiral substrate (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a “spiral substrate”) having an antenna element pattern formed on a dielectric substrate and a power supply substrate are connected via a power supply wire. There are a soldering device (see FIG. 17 of Patent Document 1) and a power feeding structure (see FIG. 12 of Patent Document 1) in which a power feeding substrate is bent and soldered to an arm of a spiral substrate.

  Further, in the spiral antenna, when the feed line is an unbalanced line, the unbalanced line is converted into a balanced line by a balun (balance-unbalance converter) (see, for example, FIGS. 5 and 6 of Patent Document 2). In addition to a spiral antenna that is balanced and fed, there is an unbalanced feeding spiral antenna as described in Patent Document 3. Patent Document 1 discloses a pattern short-circuit prevention structure when soldering a feeding wire of a spiral antenna to a spiral substrate. The antenna described in Patent Document 2 is a helical antenna.

JP-A-9-135117 (FIGS. 12 and 17) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-206719 (FIGS. 5 and 6) JP 2006-258762 A

  In order to obtain good radio wave radiation characteristics in a high frequency band, the spiral antenna needs to make an etched arm close to a printed circuit board (dielectric substrate). For this reason, a thin feed wire electrically connected to the arm and the feed board is required. However, in the spiral antenna described in FIG. 17 of Patent Document 1, the land portion that is the arm feeding position is located immediately above, that is, directly above, the feeding substrate. It is soldered in a state where it is stretched straight, and if vibration is applied to the power supply structure of the spiral antenna, the power supply wire is thin, so it cannot withstand vibration, and the power supply wire may be cut or soldered off There was a problem.

  On the other hand, in the spiral antenna described in FIG. 12 of Patent Document 1, a method is adopted in which the power supply board is projected outward from the spiral board, and the power supply board having a folding structure is bent and connected to the arm. In the case of an environment, there is a problem that a printed board that has a certain degree of hardness and is difficult to bend may be disconnected due to a large force applied to the connection surface (power feeding portion). As described above, the conventional spiral antenna has a complicated power feeding unit, and when installed in an environment that inevitably involves vibrations such as a moving vehicle, it has not been improved from the viewpoint of a power feeding structure that can withstand the environment involving the vibrations. There is room. Moreover, the same thing can be said for these problems and improvements with respect to the installation environment generated in the dielectric used for the spiral substrate and the power supply substrate.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and by forming a buffer body in the power feeding structure, the spiral antenna is used in an environment accompanied by vibrations of a moving vehicle, etc., or a dielectric used for the spiral antenna. Even when used in an environment where expansion / contraction occurs in the substrate, the power feeding structure can be maintained, and a suitable spiral antenna device can be obtained in an environment with vibrations or an environment with temperature changes. With the goal.

The spiral antenna device according to claim 1 includes a dielectric substrate, two antenna element patterns of the spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, one main surface and another main surface of the dielectric substrate. A first through-hole penetrating through the first dielectric substrate, a second through-hole penetrating through one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate, and one of the two antenna element patterns electrically connected to the dielectric substrate. A first hole having an opening in one main surface, a second hole electrically continuous with the other of the two antenna element patterns and having an opening in one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric A power supply line disposed on the other main surface side of the substrate, a signal line of the power supply line, and a base end portion are electrically continuous, and the main surface from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate via the first through hole. Stretched to the side of the surface, bent, and the tip is electrically inserted into the first hole. The connected first linear conductor, the ground conductor of the feeder line and the base end portion are electrically continuous, and from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate to the one main surface side through the second through hole. A support mechanism that extends, bends, and has a second linear conductor that is electrically connected by inserting a tip portion into the second hole, and is interposed between the dielectric substrate and the feed line. The feed line supports the dielectric substrate, the support mechanism is cylindrical, a part of the feed line is inserted, and the part where the feed line is inserted into the support mechanism is another The cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the portion .

A spiral antenna device according to a second aspect includes a dielectric substrate, two antenna element patterns of the spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, one main surface and another main surface of the dielectric substrate. A first through-hole penetrating through the first dielectric substrate, a second through-hole penetrating through one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate, and one of the two antenna element patterns electrically connected to the dielectric substrate. A first hole having an opening in one main surface, a second hole electrically continuous with the other of the two antenna element patterns and having an opening in one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric A power supply line disposed on the other main surface side of the substrate, a signal line of the power supply line, and a base end portion are electrically continuous, and the main surface from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate via the first through hole. Stretched to the side of the surface, bent, and the tip is electrically inserted into the first hole. The connected first linear conductor, the ground conductor of the feeder line and the base end portion are electrically continuous, and from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate to the one main surface side through the second through hole. A second linear conductor that is stretched, bent, and electrically connected by inserting a tip portion into the second hole, and the first linear conductor and the second linear conductor are each provided with the dielectric. A bent portion is provided between the other main surface of the body substrate and the feed line .

The spiral antenna device according to claim 3, wherein the first hole portion is a first through hole penetrating one main surface and another main surface of the dielectric substrate, and the second hole portion is the dielectric body. The second through hole penetrating through one main surface and the other main surface of the substrate, according to claim 1 or 2 .

The spiral antenna device according to claim 4 is electrically continuous with a dielectric substrate, two antenna element patterns of the spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and one of the two antenna element patterns. And the first through hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the other one of the two antenna element patterns are electrically continuous, and the one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate. A second through hole penetrating the surface, a feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate, and a bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line, The first linear conductor in which the signal line and the base end of the power supply line are electrically continuous and the tip is inserted into the first through hole and electrically connected, and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate A bent portion between the feeder line and the feeder line, A ground conductor and a base end portion are electrically continuous, and a tip end portion is inserted into the second through-hole to be electrically connected, and the dielectric substrate, the feed line, The feed line supports the dielectric substrate via a support mechanism interposed between the support line, the support mechanism is cylindrical, a part of the feed line is inserted, and the feed line is supported by the support line. The portion inserted into the mechanism has a smaller cross-sectional area than other portions .

The spiral antenna device according to claim 5 penetrates through a dielectric substrate, an antenna element pattern of the spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate. A through hole that is electrically continuous with the antenna element pattern and having an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate, The signal line and the base end of the power supply line are electrically continuous, extend from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate to the one main surface through the through hole, bend, and have a distal end at the hole. A linear conductor that is inserted and electrically connected, and the feed line supports the dielectric substrate via a support mechanism interposed between the dielectric substrate and the feed line, and the support The mechanism is cylindrical, and a part of the feed line is inserted, and the feed Line is inserted portion to the support mechanism is characterized in that the cross-sectional area smaller than the other portions.

The spiral antenna device according to claim 6 penetrates the dielectric substrate, the antenna element pattern of the spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate. A through hole that is electrically continuous with the antenna element pattern and having an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate, The signal line and the base end of the power supply line are electrically continuous, extend from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate to the one main surface through the through hole, bend, and have a distal end at the hole. A linear conductor that is inserted and electrically connected, and the linear conductor has a bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line. .

The spiral antenna device according to a seventh aspect is the one according to the fifth or sixth aspect , wherein the hole is a through-hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate .

The spiral antenna device according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the spiral antenna device according to any one of the fifth, sixth, and seventh aspects , wherein the dielectric substrate has a ground conductor pattern formed on the other main surface .

The spiral antenna device according to a ninth aspect is the one according to any one of the first to eighth aspects , further comprising a housing that holds the dielectric substrate and holds the feed line inside a hollow space .

The spiral antenna device according to claim 10 is electrically continuous with the dielectric substrate, the two antenna element patterns of the spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and one of the two antenna element patterns. And the first through hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the other one of the two antenna element patterns are electrically continuous, and the one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate. A second through hole penetrating the surface, a feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate, and a bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line, The first linear conductor in which the signal line and the base end of the power supply line are electrically continuous and the tip is inserted into the first through hole and electrically connected, and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate And a bend between the feed line and the feed line A ground conductor of the road and a base end portion are electrically continuous, and a distal end portion is inserted into the second through hole and electrically connected to the second wire conductor, and the first wire conductor is bent. The bent portion of the second linear conductor is formed as a buffer on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate .

A spiral antenna device according to an eleventh aspect penetrates a dielectric substrate, an antenna element pattern of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and one main surface and another main surface of the dielectric substrate. A through hole that is electrically continuous with the antenna element pattern, and has an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate, There is a bend between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line, the signal line and the base end of the feed line are electrically continuous, and the tip is inserted into the through-hole for electrical The bent portion of the linear conductor is formed as a buffer on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate .

The spiral antenna device according to a twelfth aspect is the spiral antenna apparatus according to the eleventh aspect , wherein the dielectric substrate has a ground conductor pattern formed on the other main surface .

As described above, according to the present invention , a bent linear conductor is formed on the front surface (one main surface) side, the back surface (other main surface) side, or both surfaces of the dielectric substrate. Since it is electrically connected to the arm), it is possible to obtain a spiral antenna device having a stable quality even in a severe environment (large vibration and thermal expansion) with a margin in the linear conductor.

It is a block diagram of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a feed part and antenna element block diagram of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a feed part block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a feed line lineblock diagram of the spiral antenna device concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a feed line lineblock diagram of the spiral antenna device concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a feed part block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a feed line block diagram of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is. It is a feed part block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the spiral antenna apparatus (Dielectric substrate thickness is thick enough so that an antenna operation | movement may not be hindered) concerning Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is. It is a feed part block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus (The dielectric substrate thickness is thick enough so that an antenna operation | movement may not be hindered) concerning Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a feed part block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a block diagram (sectional drawing) of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the spiral antenna apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a feed line lineblock diagram of the spiral antenna device concerning Embodiment 5 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the spiral antenna device (antenna element) taken along the alternate long and short dash line AB of FIG. 1C, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the feeding portion of the spiral antenna device taken along the alternate long and short dash line AB of FIG. FIG. 1 (c) is a top view of an arm that is an antenna element of the spiral antenna device, and FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are cross-sectional views of a power feeding section of the spiral antenna device taken along the alternate long and short dash line AB in FIG. 2 (c) is a top view of an arm which is an antenna element of the spiral antenna device. However, the dielectric block shown in FIG. 2B is not shown in FIG.

  1-3, 1 is a dielectric substrate such as a printed circuit board, 2 is a spiral first arm which is an antenna element pattern of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface (front surface) of the dielectric substrate 1, This is a spiral second arm which is an antenna element pattern of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface (front surface) of the dielectric substrate 1. In the cross-sectional view, the symbols of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 may be omitted. Reference numeral 4 denotes a first through hole which is a through hole penetrating one main surface (front surface) and the other main surface (back surface) of the dielectric substrate 1, and 5 denotes a through hole through the one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1. A second through-hole 6 serving as a drilling hole, which is electrically connected to the first arm 2 of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 serving as two antenna element patterns, and is one main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 And a first through hole 7 that is a through hole penetrating through the first main surface and the other main surface, and is a through hole that is electrically continuous with the second arm 3 and passes through one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The second through hole. Here, each of the first through hole 6 and the second through hole 7 has a land portion as a conductor pattern formed around the opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and the opening on the other main surface. The inside of the hole has a metallized portion which is a conductive layer by plating or the like so as to be continuous. In addition, the land part and metallization part of the 1st through hole 6 and the 2nd through hole 7 are not attached | subjected the code | symbol for the simplification of drawing. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  1 to 3, reference numeral 8 denotes a feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate 1, and 9 denotes a signal line and a base end portion of the feed line 8 that are electrically continuous with each other via the first through hole 4. Then, the dielectric substrate 1 extends from the other main surface to the one main surface, bends in a U shape or an arc shape, and the tip portion is inserted into the first through hole 6 (first hole portion 20 described later). The first linear conductor 10 such as an electrically connected wire 10 electrically connects the first linear conductor 9 and a land portion and a metallized portion of a first through hole 6 (first hole portion 20 described later). A first electrical connection portion 11 formed by soldering or the like is electrically connected to the ground conductor of the feeder line 8 and the base end portion, and is one from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 through the second through hole 5. It extends to the main surface side, bends in a U-shape or arc shape, and the tip is inserted into the second through hole 7 (second hole portion 21 described later) for electrical contact. A second linear conductor 12 such as a wire, and soldering for electrically connecting the second linear conductor 11 and a land portion and a metallized portion of a second through hole 7 (second hole portion 21 described later). It is the 2nd electrical connection part formed by these. In the drawing, the first electrical connection portion 10 and the second electrical connection portion 12 are formed around the land portion, but may be formed up to the inside of the first hole portion 6 and the second hole portion 7. . In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 13 denotes a dielectric feed line substrate constituting the feed line 8, 14 denotes a signal conductor formed on one main surface of the feed line 8, and 15 denotes the signal conductor 14 and the first linear conductor 9. A first electrical connection portion formed by soldering or the like for electrically connecting the base end portion, 16 is a ground conductor formed on one main surface or the other main surface of the feeder line 8, and 17 is a ground conductor 16 and a first conductor A second electrical connection portion 18 formed by soldering or the like for electrically connecting the base end portion of the two-wire conductor 11 is a through hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1. Functionally, the through-hole 18 is one in which the first through-hole 4 and the second through-hole 5 are continuous. Reference numeral 19 denotes a dielectric block fitted in the through-hole 18, and the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor are passed by the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 penetrating the dielectric block 19. 11 is fixed.

  In the present application, the feed line 8 indicates “balanced line” or “unbalanced line” or “the entire line converted from the unbalanced line to the balanced line by the balun”. Although there is no ground conductor (ground), for the sake of convenience, the expressions of the signal conductor 14 and the ground conductor 16 are used for the two conductors (lines) of the feeder line 8 for the sake of convenience. This is the same in the embodiments other than the first embodiment (particularly, the second and fourth embodiments). Further, the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 10 may be extended on the other main surface side (back surface side) of the dielectric substrate 1, and the extended portions may be used as the feed line 8. In this case, the feed line 8 becomes a transmission line (balanced line) called a parallel two line or a stacked pair line. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 20 denotes two antenna element patterns, the first arm 2 and the second arm 3, which are electrically continuous with the first arm 2 and have an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate 1. A first hole 21, which is a drill hole, is a second hole which is a drill hole that is electrically continuous with the second arm 3 and has an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The hole portion 20 and the second hole portion 21 are formed with a land portion as a conductor pattern around the opening, and the inside of the hole is a conductive layer by plating or the like so as to be electrically continuous with the land portion. Have In addition, the land part and metallization part of the 1st hole part 20 and the 2nd hole part 21 are not attached | subjected the code | symbol for the simplification of drawing. Among the first holes 20, the first through-hole 6 can be said to pass through one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and among the second holes 21, It can be said that the second through hole 7 is formed by penetrating one main surface and the other main surface.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment, the antenna element patterns of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 are formed on the surface of a dielectric substrate 1 by a technique such as etching. Here, the spiral antenna device is configured by windings of the first arm 2 and the second arm having a self-complementary structure, and is fed with a phase difference of 180 ° to the first arm 2 and the second arm. . In FIG. 1C, illustration of the tip portions of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 is omitted, but the first arm 2 and the second arm centering on the feeding point (feeding portion) of the dielectric substrate 1. When the radius of the winding of the arm 3 is set to λ / 2π (λ is a wavelength, here is the reciprocal of the use frequency of the spiral antenna device), the radio waves of the use frequency are changed to the first arm 2 and the second arm 3. It is emitted from.

  As shown in FIG. 1C, the base end portions of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 of the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment are respectively on the surface side of the dielectric substrate 1 of the first through hole 6. The land portion and the land portion on the surface side of the dielectric substrate 1 of the second through hole 7 are electrically continuous. The first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 are electrically connected to these land portions. As shown in FIG. 1, the first through hole 4 and the second through hole 5 are located closer to the center of the spiral winding formed by the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 than the two land portions described above. Is formed. The feed line 8 is disposed on the back surface side of the dielectric substrate 1 at a position where the first through hole 4 and the second through hole 5 are formed. The first linear conductor 9 is drawn out to the surface (upper) side of the dielectric substrate 1 through the first through hole 4, bent, inserted into the first through hole 6, and fixed by the first electrical connection portion 10. The Similarly, the second linear conductor 11 is drawn to the front surface (upper part) side of the dielectric substrate 1 through the second through hole 5, bent, inserted into the second through hole 7, and then inserted by the second electrical connection portion 12. Fixed. With such a structure, the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 have bent portions.

  In the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment, the bent first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 are easily bent at the bent portion when vibration is applied to the spiral antenna device. There exists an effect called the effect which absorbs the vibration of the body substrate 1 and the feed line 8 (feed line board | substrate 13). Further, even in an environment where the lengths of the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 change due to thermal expansion or contraction, or an environment where the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1 changes, the first line is formed at the bent portion. It is possible to absorb changes in the lengths of the linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11. Therefore, vibrations and the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 are applied to the soldering portions such as the first electrical connection portion 10, the second electrical connection portion 12, the first electrical connection portion 15, and the second electrical connection portion 17. It is difficult to apply a large force due to the change in the length of the wire, and the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 can be prevented from being cut without endurance or the above-described soldering portion being detached. There is an effect. Therefore, a spiral antenna device having a stable quality against vibration and thermal expansion can be obtained, and the wireless communication system using the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment has improved robustness.

  FIG. 1 shows a case where the dielectric substrate 1 of the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment has the first through hole 4 and the second through hole 5, but the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment is There may be one hole through which the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 pass. In other words, the first through hole 4 and the second through hole 5 may be one continuous hole. In the spiral antenna device shown in FIG. 2, a through hole 18 is formed closer to the center of the spiral winding formed by the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 than the two land portions described above. The feed line 8 is disposed at the position where the through hole 18 is formed and on the back side of the dielectric substrate 1. The first linear conductor 9 is drawn out to the surface (upper) side of the dielectric substrate 1 through the through hole 18, bent, inserted into the first through hole 6, and fixed by the first electrical connection portion 10. Similarly, the second linear conductor 11 is drawn out to the surface (upper) side of the dielectric substrate 1 through the through hole 18, bent, inserted into the second through hole 7, and fixed by the second electrical connection portion 12. The Due to such a configuration, the effect that the accuracy of the through hole 18 vacated in the dielectric substrate 1 may be lower than the accuracy of the first through hole 4 and the second through hole 5, and the first linear conductor 9 and The alignment accuracy between the second linear conductor and the through hole 18 is also the alignment accuracy between the first linear conductor 9 and the first through hole 4 and the position between the second linear conductor 11 and the second through hole 5. There is an effect that the accuracy may be lower than the alignment accuracy.

  When there is a possibility that the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 passing through the through hole 18 shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (c) may come into contact with each other and short-circuit, as shown in FIG. 2 (b). A dielectric block 19 having a shape and size that can be fitted into the through-hole 18 is inserted into the through-hole 18 or the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 are not in contact with each other. For example, a spacer may be disposed between the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11. It can be said that the dielectric block 19 is a dielectric spacer. When the dielectric block 19 shown in FIG. 2B is used, it is necessary to form a through hole through which the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 pass in the dielectric block 19.

  1 and 2, the tip portions of the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 are inserted into the first through hole 6 and the second through hole 7 of the dielectric substrate 1, respectively. However, when the dielectric substrate 1 has a thickness capable of forming a hole having a depth necessary to hold the tip portions of the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11, the dielectric substrate 1 There is no need to penetrate. A specific structure will be described with reference to FIG. The dielectric substrate 1 of the spiral antenna device shown in FIG. 3 has a first hole 20 whose opening is formed on the front side of the dielectric substrate 1 and a second hole whose opening is formed on the front side of the dielectric substrate 1. Part 21. The first linear conductor 9 is drawn to the surface (upper) side of the dielectric substrate 1 through the first through hole 4, bent, inserted into the first hole portion 20, and fixed by the first electrical connection portion 10. The Similarly, the second linear conductor 11 is drawn out to the front surface (upper part) side of the dielectric substrate 1 through the second through hole 5, bent, inserted into the second hole portion 21, and then inserted into the second electric connection portion 12. Fixed.

  Next, the feed line 8 of the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) is a configuration diagram of a feeder line, FIG. 4 (b) is a configuration diagram of a balun, FIG. 4 (c) is a configuration diagram of a coaxial line, FIG. 5 (a) is a configuration diagram of a stacked pair line, and FIG. Is a slot line configuration diagram, FIG. 5C is a microstrip line configuration diagram, and FIG. 5D is a coplanar line configuration diagram. 4 and 5, reference numeral 22 denotes a balun (balance-unbalance conversion unit) which is a circuit for converting the balance / unbalance of the transmission line, 23 is an unbalanced line, and 24 is a connection between the balun 22 and the unbalanced line 23. The first line, 25 is a second line connecting the balun 22 and the unbalanced line 23, 26 is a coaxial line which is the unbalanced line 23, 27 is an outer conductor of the coaxial line 26, and 28 is an outer conductor 27 and the second line. 25 is an electrical connection portion formed by soldering or the like for electrical connection with 25. When the line connected to the balun 22 is the coaxial line 26, the first line 24 serves as the inner conductor 24 of the coaxial line 26. In addition, although the 1st track | line 24 and the 2nd track | line 25 are interposed as a track | line which connects the balun 22 and the unbalanced circuit 23, when connecting the terminals of the balun 22 and the unbalanced circuit 23 directly, The first line 24 and the second line 25 are not necessary. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  4 and 5, 29 is a pair line which is an unbalanced line 23, 30 is a line substrate which is a dielectric substrate constituting the pair line 29, 31 is a signal conductor of the pair line 29, 32 is a signal conductor 31 and a first line. An electrical connection portion formed by soldering or the like for electrically connecting the line 24, 33 is a ground conductor of the pair line 29, 34 is soldering or the like for electrically connecting the ground conductor 33 and the second line 25, etc. The electrical connection portion to be formed, 35 is a slot line which is the unbalanced line 23, 36 is a line substrate which is a dielectric substrate constituting the slot line 35, 37 is a signal conductor of the slot line 25, 38 is a signal conductor 37 and An electrical connection portion formed by soldering or the like for electrically connecting the first line 24; 39, a ground conductor for the slot line 25; and 40, a solder for electrically connecting the ground conductor 39 and the second line 25 An electrical connection part formed in such. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  4 and 5, reference numeral 41 denotes a microstrip line that is the unbalanced line 23, 42 is a line substrate that is a dielectric substrate constituting the microstrip line 41, 43 is a signal conductor of the microstrip line 41, and 44 is a signal conductor 43. An electrical connection portion formed by soldering or the like for electrically connecting the first line 24 and the first line 24; 45, a ground conductor of the microstrip line 41; 46, electrically connecting the ground conductor 45 and the second line 25; Electrical connection portions formed by soldering or the like, 47 is a coplanar line which is the unbalanced line 23, 48 is a line substrate which is a dielectric substrate constituting the coplanar line 47, 49 is a signal conductor of the coplanar line 47, and 50 is a signal. An electrical connection portion 51 formed by soldering or the like for electrically connecting the conductor 49 and the first line 24, 51 is a ground conductor of the coplanar line 47 Bypass, 52 is an electrical connection portion formed by soldering to electrically connect the bypass 51 and a second line 25. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  Since the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment described in FIGS. 1 to 3 is an antenna that is fed by balanced feeding, it is necessary to form a balanced line by the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11. There is. Therefore, when the feed line 8 up to the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 (up to the signal conductor 14 and the ground conductor 16) is an unbalanced line 23, the first linear conductor 9 and the second line A balun 22 shown in FIG. 4A may be disposed between the conductor 11 (the signal conductor 14 and the ground conductor 16) and the unbalanced line 23. The unbalanced circuit 23 connected to the balun 22 (FIG. 4B) is generally the coaxial line 26 shown in FIG. 4C, but may be a planar transmission line shown in FIG.

  As mentioned above, it cannot be overemphasized that each structure of FIGS. 1-5 demonstrated in Embodiment 1 can mutually be substituted. In addition, in Embodiment 2 and later described later, the components of all the embodiments including Embodiment 1 can be replaced with each other. Further, in the second and later embodiments described later, the cross sections in each of the drawings to be presented are the same cross sections as those described in the first embodiment unless otherwise specified.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7A is a configuration diagram of a support mechanism (dielectric cap) that supports a dielectric substrate (spiral substrate), and FIG. 7B is a configuration diagram of a feed line having a shape corresponding to the support mechanism (dielectric cap). is there. 6 to 8, reference numeral 53 denotes a dielectric cap, 54 denotes a shape into which the dielectric cap 53 can be fitted, and a feed line for feeding power to the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 of the spiral antenna device, 55. Is a casing that holds the dielectric substrate 1 and holds the feed line 54 (feed line 8) inside the hollow, and the casing 55 may be cylindrical or prismatic. Reference numeral 56 denotes a coaxial connector that passes through the side surface or the bottom of the housing 55 and feeds power to the feed line 54 (feed line 8). In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In the second embodiment, a dielectric cap 53 is placed on the feed line 54 corresponding to the feed line 8 according to the first embodiment, and the dielectric cap is used as a support mechanism interposed between the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line 54. A spiral antenna device in which the feed line 54 supports the dielectric substrate 1 through the dielectric cap 53 with the function of the function 53 is described. The outer skin of the feed line 54 is preferably a metal cylinder or the like having a certain degree of hardness. In the spiral antenna device according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7A, the dielectric cap 53 has a cylindrical shape, and a part of the feed line 54 is inserted. In FIG. 7A, the dielectric cap 53 is a cylinder. However, the dielectric cap 53 is not limited to a cylinder as long as it is cylindrical. As shown in FIG. 7B, the feeding line 54 has a smaller cross-sectional area at the portion inserted into the dielectric cap 53 than at the other portions. Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7A, the dielectric cap 53 has a larger diameter at the portion that supports the dielectric substrate 1 than the portion where the feed line 54 is inserted. . As long as the dielectric cap 53 can be fixed, the feed line 54 may have a structure like the feed line 8. The dielectric cap 53 has a cylindrical shape and is preferably in close contact with the feed line 54 (feed line 8). However, the dielectric cap 53 may have a structure in which a protrusion is provided in the cylinder and is in contact with the feed line 54 (feed line 8). Good. Similarly, the dielectric cap 53 and the dielectric substrate 1 are preferably brought into close contact with each other, but may be structured such that the dielectric substrate 1 is supported by a plurality of beams.

  The spiral antenna device according to the second embodiment is interposed between the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line 54 (feed line 8) in addition to the bent portions of the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor. The feed line 54 (feed line 8) supports the dielectric substrate 1 through a support mechanism such as the dielectric cap 53. If the feed line 54 (feed line 8) of the spiral antenna device according to the second embodiment is a metal tube having a metal covering the internal transmission line, the dielectric substrate 1 is more firmly supported via the support mechanism. Is possible. Further, the transmission line in the metal cylinder may be appropriately selected from the one described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 and the one described as the feed line 8 in the first embodiment as necessary.

  From the above description, the spiral antenna device according to the second embodiment can obtain a spiral antenna device having a more stable quality against vibration and thermal expansion in addition to the effects exhibited by the spiral antenna device according to the first embodiment. In addition, it can be said that the wireless communication system using the spiral antenna device according to the second embodiment is more robust.

  Next, a structure in which the performance of the spiral antenna device according to Embodiment 2 is further improved will be described. Specifically, a structure for fixing the spiral antenna device shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the dielectric substrate 1 is disposed in an opening of a housing 55 having an opening, a side surface (not shown for a sectional view), and a bottom, and the feed line 54 is supported on the bottom. Yes. Although not shown, the feed line 54 may be bent to fix the feed line 54 to the side surface. In that case, the coaxial connector 56 is formed on the side surface of the housing 55. The formation of the coaxial connector 56 in the housing 55 means that the balun 22 exists in the configuration of the feed line 54 (feed line 8).

  In other words, the above-described metal tube extends from the bottom (side surface) of the housing 55, and a transmission line constituting the feed line 54 (feed line 8) passes through the metal cylinder. The dielectric cap 53 is bonded to the tip of the metal cylinder with an adhesive. At this time, as described above, if the tip of the metal tube (feed line 54 (feed line 8)) and the dielectric cap 53 are fitted to each other, the dielectric cap 53 is difficult to be detached. Further, the dielectric substrate 1 and the dielectric cap 53 are also bonded with an adhesive. The tip of the metal tube (feed line 54 (feed line 8)) and the dielectric cap 53, and between the dielectric substrate 1 and the dielectric cap 53 may be fixed by screws. Thus, the performance of the spiral antenna device according to the second embodiment can be further improved by fixing the vicinity of the feeding portion of the dielectric substrate 1 that easily vibrates.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the spiral antenna device (antenna element) taken along the alternate long and short dash line AB in FIG. 9C, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view of the feeding portion of the spiral antenna device taken along the alternate long and short dash line AB in FIG. FIG. 9C is a top view of an arm that is an antenna element of the spiral antenna device, FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the spiral antenna device (antenna element) taken along the alternate long and short dash line AB in FIG. FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of the feeding portion of the spiral antenna device taken along the alternate long and short dash line AB in FIG. 11C, and FIG. 11C is a top view of an arm that is an antenna element of the spiral antenna device. The spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment is an unbalanced feeding antenna using a feeding line such as a coaxial line, whereas the spiral antenna device according to the first and second embodiments is a balanced feeding antenna. Is a feature.

  Therefore, in the spiral antenna devices according to the first and second embodiments, there are two spiral arms that are antenna element patterns. However, in the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment, the spiral arms that are antenna element patterns are provided. Become one. Therefore, of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 in the first and second embodiments, the third embodiment has a structure without the second arm 3. Therefore, in the third embodiment, reference numerals are assigned in correspondence with the reference numerals given to the first arm 2 and the configuration related to the first arm 2 in the first and second embodiments. For example, the arm 2 of the spiral antenna device according to the embodiment.

  9 to 17, reference numeral 1a denotes a dielectric substrate such as a printed circuit board. Even if a strip-like conductor pattern is formed on one main surface (front surface) and a ground conductor pattern is formed on the other main surface (back surface). FIG. 5C shows a thickness (dielectric substrate thickness) that does not hinder the antenna operation. Reference numeral 2 denotes a spiral arm which is an antenna element pattern of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface (front surface) of the dielectric substrate 1 (1a). In the cross-sectional view, the reference numerals of the arms 2 may be omitted. 4 is a through hole that is a drill hole that penetrates one main surface (front surface) and the other main surface (back surface) of the dielectric substrate 1 (1a), 6 is electrically continuous with the arm 2 that is an antenna element pattern, A through hole which is a drill hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 (1a), where the through hole 6 is an opening of the one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 (1a). A land portion that is a conductor pattern is formed around each of the openings, and the inside of the hole has a metallized portion that is a conductive layer by plating or the like so as to be electrically continuous with the land portion. In addition, the land part and metallization part of the through hole 6 are not attached | subjected the code | symbol for the simplification of drawing. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  9 to 17, reference numeral 57 denotes a ground conductor pattern formed on the other main surface (back surface) of the dielectric substrate 1 (1 a) so as to face the arm 2 formed on one main surface. When the through hole 6 is formed in (1a), the land portion of the through hole 6 existing on the other main surface (back surface) of the dielectric substrate 1 (1a) and the ground conductor pattern 57 are insulated. Needless to say. A coaxial connector 58 is disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate 1 (1 a), and an outer conductor of the coaxial connector 58 is electrically connected to the ground conductor pattern 57. 9, the inner conductor and the base end portion of the coaxial connector 58 are electrically continuous, and extend from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 (1a) to the one main surface side through the through-hole 4 so as to be U-shaped or circular. A linear conductor 10 such as a wire that is bent in an arc and has a tip portion inserted into and electrically connected to a through hole 6 (described later) 20 is a linear conductor and the through hole 6 (described later 20). ) And an electrical connection portion formed by soldering for electrically connecting the land portion and the metallized portion. 9 and 10, the ground conductor pattern 57 is formed only around the coaxial connector 58, and the operation of the arm 2, which is an antenna element, is performed regardless of the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1. Is not disturbed. On the other hand, in the spail antenna device shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the ground conductor pattern 57 is formed on substantially the entire back surface except for the land portion of the through hole 6 and the through hole 4 of the dielectric substrate 1a. Regardless of the shape of the conductor pattern 57, the dielectric substrate 1a has a thickness that does not hinder the operation of the arm 2 as an antenna element. Supplementally, the dielectric substrate 1a can be replaced with the dielectric substrate 1 according to another embodiment in which the ground conductor is not provided on the other main surface. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  9 to 17, reference numeral 59 denotes a coaxial line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate 1. The inner conductor of the coaxial line 59 is electrically coaxial with the base end portion of the linear conductor 9. The outer conductor of the line 59 is electrically connected to the ground conductor pattern 57. A coaxial connector 56 passes through the side surface or bottom of the housing 55 and supplies power to the coaxial line 59. In the drawing, the electrical connection portion 10 is formed around the land portion, but may be formed up to the inside of the hole 6. Reference numeral 60 denotes a dielectric cap, 61 denotes a dielectric cap, and 20 denotes a hole portion that is a hole that is electrically continuous with the arm 2 that is an antenna element pattern and has an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The hole 20 has a land portion that is a conductor pattern around the opening, and the inside of the hole has a metallized portion that is a conductive layer by plating or the like so as to be electrically continuous with the land portion. In addition, the land part and the metallized part of the hole part 20 are not attached | subjected the code | symbol for the simplification of drawing. It can be said that the through-hole 6 is the hole 20 through which one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 penetrate. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment, the antenna element pattern of the arm 2 is formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1 by a technique such as etching. As shown in FIG. 9C, the base end portion of the arm 2 of the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment is electrically continuous with the surface side land portion of the dielectric substrate 1 in the through hole 6. The linear conductor 9 is electrically connected to the land portion. As shown in FIG. 9, the through hole 4 is formed closer to the center of the spiral winding formed by the arm 2 than the land portion described above. A coaxial connector 58 is disposed on the back surface side of the dielectric substrate 1 at the position where the through hole 4 is formed. The linear conductor 9 is drawn out to the surface (upper part) side of the dielectric substrate 1 through the through hole 4, bent, inserted into the through hole 6, and fixed by the electrical connection portion 10. With such a structure, the linear conductor 9 has a bent portion.

  In FIG. 9, the leading end portion of the linear conductor 9 is inserted into the through hole 6 of the dielectric substrate 1. However, when the dielectric substrate 1 has a thickness capable of forming a hole having a depth necessary to hold the tip of the linear conductor 9, it is not necessary to penetrate the dielectric substrate 1. A specific structure will be described with reference to FIG. A dielectric substrate 1 of the spiral antenna device shown in FIG. 10 has a hole 20 having an opening formed on the front side of the dielectric substrate 1. The linear conductor 9 is drawn out to the front surface (upper part) side of the dielectric substrate 1 through the through hole 4, bent, inserted into the hole 20, and fixed by the electrical connection portion 10.

  In the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment, the bent linear conductor 9 is easily bent at the bent portion when vibration is applied to the spiral antenna device. There is an effect of absorbing vibration of a conductor such as an inner conductor. Further, even in an environment where the length of the linear conductor 9 changes due to thermal expansion or contraction or an environment where the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1 changes, the bent portion absorbs the change in the length of the linear conductor 9. I can. Therefore, it becomes difficult to apply a large force due to vibration or a change in the length of the linear conductor 9 to the soldering portion of the electrical connection portion 10, and the linear conductor 9 can be cut without endurance or the aforementioned soldering portion can be detached. There is an effect that can be prevented. Even when the coaxial connector 58 is firmly fixed to the dielectric substrate 1, the bent portion of the linear conductor 9 functions as a buffer. Therefore, a spiral antenna device having a stable quality against vibration and thermal expansion can be obtained, and the wireless communication system using the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment has improved robustness.

  Next, the spiral antenna device shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is different from the spiral antenna device shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 except that the ground conductor pattern 57 is formed on substantially the entire dielectric substrate 1a. Since the configuration and operation are basically the same, description thereof will be omitted. 9 corresponds to FIG. 11, and FIG. 10 corresponds to FIG. Further, in the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1 may be supported by the housing 55 similarly to the spiral antenna device according to the second embodiment. The coaxial line 59 according to the third embodiment is covered with a dielectric cap 53, and the dielectric cap 53 is caused to function as a support mechanism interposed between the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line 54. A spiral antenna device in which the coaxial line 59 supports the dielectric substrate 1 will be described. The outer sheath of the coaxial line 59 is desirably a certain degree of hardness such as a metal cylinder. Specifically, a semi-rigid cable can be considered. The following description will be made using the spiral antenna device shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, but it goes without saying that the same applies to the spiral antenna device shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 13 shows a state in which the dielectric substrate 1 is disposed in an opening of a housing 55 having an opening, a side surface (not shown for a sectional view), and a bottom, and the coaxial line 59 is supported on the bottom. Yes. Although not shown, the coaxial line 59 may be bent to fix the coaxial line 59 to the side surface. In that case, the coaxial connector 56 is formed on the side surface of the housing 55. The dielectric cap 53 is bonded to the tip of the coaxial line 59 with an adhesive. At this time, as described above, as in the case of the metal tube (feeding line 54 (feeding line 8)), if the tip of the coaxial line 59 and the dielectric cap 53 are fitted to each other, the dielectric cap 53 is provided. Becomes difficult to leave. Further, the dielectric substrate 1 and the dielectric cap 53 are also bonded with an adhesive. You may fix between the front-end | tip part of the coaxial line 59, and the dielectric cap 53, and between the dielectric substrate 1 and the dielectric cap 53 with a screw | thread. Thus, the performance of the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment can be further improved by fixing the vicinity of the feeding portion of the dielectric substrate 1 that easily vibrates.

  Since the dielectric cap 53 shown in FIG. 13 has a space between the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1 including the land portion of the through hole 6 formed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the dielectric cap 53 is connected to the land portion from the land portion described above. Even if the conductor 9 and the electrical connection portion 10 protrude, the dielectric cap 53 does not contact the linear conductor 9 and the electrical connection portion 10. On the contrary, when the linear conductor 9 and the electrical connection portion 10 do not protrude from the land portion, the dielectric cap 60 is formed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1 like the dielectric cap 60 shown in FIG. May be brought into full contact. Further, even when the linear conductor 9 or the electrical connection portion 10 protrudes from the land portion, the through hole 6 formed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1 like the dielectric cap 61 as shown in FIG. The dielectric cap 61 may be brought into full contact with the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1 on the surface other than the portion corresponding to the land portion. The space formed by the dielectric cap 61 does not have to be large as shown in FIG. 15 and is small corresponding to the shape of the linear conductor 9 and the electrical connection portion 10 protruding from the land portion to the dielectric cap 60. A dielectric cap in which a countersunk hole or a hole such as a hole 20 is formed may be used.

  Furthermore, when the structure having the hole 20 is employed in the dielectric substrate 1 of the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment (FIGS. 10 and 12), the above-mentioned land portion does not exist on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1. Therefore, it is not necessary to select the shape of the dielectric cap in consideration of the fact that the linear conductor 9 and the electrical connection portion 10 protrude from the land portion. In FIG. 16, the dielectric cap 60 is used as the dielectric cap, but it goes without saying that the dielectric cap 53 or the dielectric cap 61 may be used. Finally, when the coaxial line 59 itself is strong enough to support the dielectric substrate 1, the dielectric cap 53, the dielectric cap 60, and the dielectric cap 61 are not provided as shown in FIG. A spiral antenna device in which the dielectric substrate 1 is supported by the coaxial line 59 can be obtained.

  The selection of the dielectric cap 53, the dielectric cap 60, and the dielectric cap 61 in consideration of the projection of the linear conductor 9 and the electrical connection portion 10 from the land portion described above is the spiral antenna device according to the second embodiment. However, in the case of the second embodiment, the feed line 54 (feed line 8) and the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1 are not in close contact unless the feed line 54 (feed line 8) and the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1 are in close contact with each other. Requires a space in which the first linear conductor 9 and the second linear conductor 11 exist. Similarly, the dielectric substrate 1 may be supported by the coaxial line 59 without providing the dielectric cap 53, the dielectric cap 60, and the dielectric cap 61, or the feed line 54 (feed line 8) and the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1. It is also possible to carry out the second embodiment by making it closely contact. That is, it can be said that the configuration of Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 2 can be replaced with each other.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 18, 19, and 20, 62 has a U-shaped or arc-shaped bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line 8 (feed line 54), and the feed line 8 (feed line) 54) the signal line and the base end portion are electrically continuous, and the tip end portion is inserted into the first through hole 6 from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and is electrically connected by the first electrical connection portion 10. A first linear conductor 63 such as a wire has a U-shaped or arc-shaped bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line 8 (feed line 54). The signal line of the line 54) and the base end portion are electrically continuous, and the tip end portion is inserted into the second through hole 7 from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and is electrically connected by the second electrical connection portion 12 such as a wire. Is a second linear conductor connected to. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  18, 19, and 20, 64 has a first arc-shaped bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line 8 (feed line 54), and the feed line 8 (feed line 54). The signal line and the base end are electrically continuous, extend from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 to the one main surface via the first through hole 4, and bend in a U-shape or arc shape (second A first linear conductor such as a wire that is inserted into the first through hole 6 or the first hole portion 20 and is electrically connected by the first electrical connection portion 10, and 65 is a dielectric substrate. 1 has an arc-shaped first bent portion between the other main surface and the feed line 8 (feed line 54), and the ground conductor and the base end of the feed line 8 (feed line 54) are electrically continuous. The second through-hole 5 extends from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 to the one main surface side and bends in a U-shape or an arc shape (second bend), and the tip is second. The Ruhoru 7 or the second electrical connection portion 12 is inserted into the second hole portion 21 is a second linear conductor, such as electrically connected wire. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In the first to third embodiments, the first linear conductor (linear conductor) 9 or the second linear conductor 11 having the bent portion formed on the surface side of the dielectric substrate 1 as a buffer has been described. In the fourth embodiment, a case where a bent portion is formed as a buffer on the back surface side of the dielectric substrate 1 will be described. In the spiral antenna device shown in FIG. 18, since the first linear conductor 62 has a bent portion, it is soldered with a slack between the first through hole 6 and the signal conductor 14 (first electrical connection portion 10 and the first electrical connection portion 15). Similarly, since the second linear conductor 63 has a bent portion, it is soldered with a slack between the second through hole 7 and the ground conductor 16 (the second electrical connection portion 12 and the second electrical connection portion 17. ) Will be.

  Therefore, in the spiral antenna device according to the fourth embodiment, even if the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line 8 vibrate, the first linear conductor 62 and the second linear conductor 63 absorb the vibration and the first electrical connection is made. The force applied to the portion 10 and the first electrical connection portion 15 can be reduced, and the separation of the first electrical connection portion 10 and the first electrical connection portion 15 and the disconnection of the first linear conductor 62 and the second linear conductor 63 can be prevented. There is an effect. Further, even in an environment where the lengths of the first linear conductor 62 and the second linear conductor 63 change due to thermal expansion and contraction, and in an environment where the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1 changes, the first wire at the bent portion. Changes in the lengths of the linear conductor 62 and the second linear conductor 63 can be absorbed.

  Therefore, vibrations and the first linear conductor 62 and the second linear conductor 63 are applied to the soldering portions such as the first electrical connection portion 10, the second electrical connection portion 12, the first electrical connection portion 15, and the second electrical connection portion 17. It is difficult to apply a large force due to a change in the length of the first wire conductor 62 and the first wire conductor 62 and the second wire conductor 63 can be prevented from being cut without endurance or the above-described soldering portion being detached. There is an effect. Therefore, a spiral antenna device having a stable quality against vibration and thermal expansion can be obtained, and the wireless communication system using the spiral antenna device according to the third embodiment has improved robustness.

  Next, as in the second and third embodiments, the spiral antenna device according to the fourth embodiment holds a dielectric substrate 1 and a housing that holds a feed line 54 inside a hollow space as shown in FIG. It is also possible to provide a body. That is, the first linear conductor 62 and the second linear conductor 63 having a bent portion between the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line 54 (feed line 8) can be applied to other embodiments. Is possible. However, there is a space in which at least the bent portion of the first linear conductor 62 can be disposed between the dielectric substrate 1 and the feed line (feed line 8, feed line 54, coaxial connector 58, coaxial line 59). Necessary.

  Finally, both the bent portion (first bent portion) of the linear conductor described in the first to third embodiments and the bent portion (second bent portion) of the linear conductor described in the fourth embodiment are used. A spiral antenna device having the above will be described. In the spiral antenna device shown in FIG. 20, bent portions are formed on both surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1. The bent portions of the first linear conductor 64 and the second linear conductor 65 formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1 are folded back in the same manner as in the first to third embodiments, so that the first arm 2 and the first line are bent. It also has a function of electrically connecting the conductor 64 to the second arm 3 and the second linear conductor 65.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 21A is a top view of an arm that is an antenna element of the spiral antenna device, FIG. 21B is a cross-sectional view of the spiral antenna device (antenna element) taken along the alternate long and short dash line AB in FIG. 21A, and FIG. ) Is a cross-sectional view of the spiral antenna device (antenna element) taken along one-dot chain line CD in FIG. 21 and 22, reference numeral 66 denotes a spiral third arm which is an antenna element pattern of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface (surface) of the dielectric substrate 1, and 67 denotes one main surface (surface) of the dielectric substrate 1. 4) is a spiral fourth arm which is an antenna element pattern of the spiral antenna. In the cross-sectional view, the symbols of the third arm 66 and the fourth arm 67 may be omitted. 68 is a third through hole which is a through hole penetrating one main surface (front surface) and the other main surface (back surface) of the dielectric substrate 1, and 69 penetrates one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1. It is the 4th penetration hole which is a drill hole to do. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In FIGS. 21 and 22, reference numeral 70 denotes two antenna element patterns, among the third arm 66 and the fourth arm 67, which are electrically continuous with the third arm 66, and one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The third through hole 71 is a through hole that is a through hole that passes through the first arm surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and is electrically continuous with the fourth arm 67. It is. Here, in the third through hole 70 and the fourth through hole 71, land portions that are conductive patterns are formed around the opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and the opening on the other main surface, respectively. The inside of the hole has a metallized portion which is a conductive layer by plating or the like so as to be continuous. In addition, the land part and metallization part of the 3rd through hole 70 and the 4th through hole 71 are not attached | subjected for the simplification of drawing. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In FIGS. 21 and 22, reference numeral 72 denotes a feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate 1, and 73 denotes a signal line of the feed line 72 and a base end portion that are electrically continuous with each other through the third through hole 68. The dielectric substrate 1 extends from the other principal surface to the one principal surface side, bends in a U shape or an arc shape, and is inserted into a third through hole 70 (a third hole portion described later) to electrically A third linear conductor 74, such as a wire connected to, is electrically connected to the ground conductor of the feed line 72 and the base end portion, and is one from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate 1 through the fourth through hole 69. A fourth linear shape such as a wire that extends toward the main surface, bends in a U shape or an arc shape, and is electrically connected by inserting a tip portion into a fourth through hole 71 (fourth hole portion described later). It is a conductor. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In the first, second, and fourth embodiments, the present application has been described using a spiral antenna device having two arms. However, in the fifth embodiment, the present invention can be implemented even when there are four arms. Do. The spail antenna device according to the fifth embodiment has a third arm 66 and a fourth arm 67 in addition to the first arm 2 and the second arm 3. As shown in FIG. 21 (a), the third arm 66 and the fourth arm 67 are alternately wound between the first arm 2 and the second arm 3, respectively. The configurations of the third arm 66 and the fourth arm 67, the lines for supplying power to the third arm 66 and the fourth arm 67, and the dielectric substrate 1 are the same as those of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3. Therefore, it is needless to say that the configurations described in Embodiments 1 to 4 can be applied. For example, a third hole and a fourth hole (not shown) may be formed in the dielectric substrate 1 instead of the third through hole 70 and the fourth through hole 71. Similarly, the dielectric substrate 1 is formed with a through hole which is one continuous hole of the first through hole 4, the second through hole 5, the third through hole 68, and the fourth through hole 69, or the first through hole 4 , A second through hole 5, a third through hole 68, and a fourth through hole 69 may be formed as a through hole which is one continuous hole. Note that the power supply line 72 shown in FIG. 22 needs to supply power with a phase difference of 90 ° to the first arm 2, the second arm 3, the third arm 66, and the fourth arm 67. Power feeding with a phase difference may be performed using a hybrid disclosed in Patent Document 2 (particularly, FIGS. 4 and 6).

  As described above, the spiral antenna device according to the first to fifth embodiments solves the problem by providing the function of the buffer to the conductor of the power feeding unit, and the other additional elements assist the function of the buffer. Is for.

1 ··· Dielectric substrate 1a ··· Dielectric substrate 2 · · 1st arm (arm) 3 · · 2nd arm 4 · · 1st through hole (through hole) 5 · · 2nd through hole , 6 .. First through hole (through hole) 7.. Second through hole 8.. Feed line 9.. First linear conductor (linear conductor) 10. Electrical connection portion), 11 .... second linear conductor, 12 .... second electrical connection portion, 13 .... feed line substrate, 14 .... signal conductor, 15 .... first electrical connection portion, 16 .... ground conductor , 17 ··· 2nd electrical connection portion, 18 ·· through hole, 19 · · dielectric block, 20 · · first hole (hole), 21 · · second hole, 22 · · balun, 23 · · -Unbalanced line, 24-First line (inner conductor), 25-Second line, 26-Coaxial line, 27-Outer conductor, 28-Electrical connection, 29-Pairer 30 ... Line substrate 31 ... Signal conductor 32 ... Electrical connection part 33 ... Ground conductor 34 ... Electrical connection part 35 ... Slot line 36 ... Line board 37 ... Signal Conductor, 38 .. Electrical connection, 39 .. Ground conductor, 40 .. Electrical connection, 41 .. Microstrip line, 42 .. Line substrate, 43 .. Signal conductor, 44 .. Electrical connection, 45. · Ground conductor, 46 · · Electrical connection, 47 · · Coplanar line, 48 · · Line substrate, 49 · · Signal conductor, 50 · · Electrical connection, 51 · · Sideways, 52 · · Electrical connection, 53 ..Dielectric cap, 54 ..Feeding line, 55 ..Housing, 56 ..Coaxial connector, 57 ..Grounding conductor pattern, 58 ..Coaxial connector, 59 ..Coaxial line, 60 ..Dielectric cap, 61..Dielectric cap, 62..First linear conductor 63 .. Second linear conductor, 64.. First linear conductor, 65.. Second linear conductor, 66 ... Third arm, 67 ... Fourth arm, 68 ... Third through hole, 69 .. Fourth through hole, 70... Third through hole, 71... Fourth through hole, 72... Feed line, 73... Third linear conductor, 74.

Claims (12)

A dielectric substrate, two antenna element patterns of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a first through hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate, A first through hole penetrating through one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and one of the two antenna element patterns is electrically continuous and has an opening in the one main surface of the dielectric substrate. A hole, a second hole that is electrically continuous with the other of the two antenna element patterns and has an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and is disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate. The feed line, the signal line of this feed line and the base end portion are electrically continuous, and are extended from the other principal surface of the dielectric substrate to the one principal surface side through the first through hole, and bent. A first linear conductor having a distal end inserted into and electrically connected to the first hole, and the feeder line; The ground conductor and the base end portion are electrically continuous, extend from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate to the one main surface side through the second through hole, bend, and the tip end portion is the second hole portion. A second linear conductor inserted into and electrically connected to the power supply line, the power supply line supporting the dielectric substrate via a support mechanism interposed between the dielectric substrate and the power supply line. The spiral antenna device is characterized in that the support mechanism is cylindrical, a part of the feed line is inserted, and a part of the feed line inserted into the support mechanism has a smaller cross-sectional area than other parts . A dielectric substrate, two antenna element patterns of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a first through hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate, A first through hole penetrating through one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and one of the two antenna element patterns is electrically continuous and has an opening in the one main surface of the dielectric substrate. A hole, a second hole that is electrically continuous with the other of the two antenna element patterns and has an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, and is disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate. The feed line, the signal line of this feed line and the base end portion are electrically continuous, and are extended from the other principal surface of the dielectric substrate to the one principal surface side through the first through hole, and bent. A first linear conductor having a distal end inserted into and electrically connected to the first hole, and the feeder line; The ground conductor and the base end portion are electrically continuous, extend from the other main surface of the dielectric substrate to the one main surface side through the second through hole, bend, and the tip end portion is the second hole portion. A second linear conductor inserted into and electrically connected to the first linear conductor and the second linear conductor between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feeder line. A spiral antenna device having a bent portion . The first hole is a first through hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate, and the second hole portion is one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate. The spiral antenna device according to claim 1 , wherein the spiral antenna device is a second through hole penetrating through the spiral antenna device. A dielectric substrate, two antenna element patterns of a spiral antenna formed on one principal surface of the dielectric substrate, and one principal surface of the dielectric substrate electrically continuous with one of the two antenna element patterns A first through hole penetrating the first main surface and the other main surface; a second through hole electrically continuous with the other of the two antenna element patterns and penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate; A feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate; a bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line; and a signal line and a base end portion of the feed line Is electrically continuous, and a bent portion is provided between the first linear conductor having the tip portion inserted into and electrically connected to the first through hole, and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line. The grounding conductor and the base end of the feeder line are electrically continuous, A second linear conductor inserted into the second through hole and electrically connected thereto, and the feed line is connected via a support mechanism interposed between the dielectric substrate and the feed line. The dielectric substrate is supported, the support mechanism is cylindrical, a part of the feed line is inserted, and the part of the feed line inserted into the support mechanism has a cross-sectional area larger than the other part. Small spiral antenna device. A dielectric substrate, an antenna element pattern of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a through-hole penetrating one main surface and another main surface of the dielectric substrate, and the antenna element pattern An electrically continuous hole having an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a feed line arranged on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate, and a signal line and a base end of the feed line A wire that is electrically continuous, extends from the other principal surface of the dielectric substrate to the one principal surface side through the through hole, is bent, and the tip portion is inserted into the hole portion to be electrically connected. And a support mechanism interposed between the dielectric substrate and the power supply line, the power supply line supports the dielectric substrate, the support mechanism is cylindrical, and the power supply A part of the line is inserted, and the part where the feed line is inserted into the support mechanism is Spiral antenna device cross-sectional area smaller than the portion of the. A dielectric substrate, an antenna element pattern of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a through-hole penetrating one main surface and another main surface of the dielectric substrate, and the antenna element pattern An electrically continuous hole having an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a feed line arranged on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate, and a signal line and a base end of the feed line A wire that is electrically continuous, extends from the other principal surface of the dielectric substrate to the one principal surface side through the through hole, is bent, and the tip portion is inserted into the hole portion to be electrically connected. A spiral antenna device having a bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line . The spiral antenna device according to claim 5 or 6 , wherein the hole is a through-hole penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate . 8. The spiral antenna device according to claim 5, wherein a ground conductor pattern is formed on the other main surface of the dielectric substrate . The spiral antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a housing that holds the dielectric substrate and holds the feeder line inside a hollow space . A dielectric substrate, two antenna element patterns of a spiral antenna formed on one principal surface of the dielectric substrate, and one principal surface of the dielectric substrate electrically continuous with one of the two antenna element patterns A first through hole penetrating the first main surface and the other main surface; a second through hole electrically continuous with the other of the two antenna element patterns and penetrating one main surface and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate; A feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate; a bent portion between the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line; and a signal line and a base end portion of the feed line Is electrically continuous, and a bent portion is provided between the first linear conductor having the tip portion inserted into and electrically connected to the first through hole, and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the feed line. The grounding conductor and the base end of the feeder line are electrically continuous, A second linear conductor inserted into the second through hole and electrically connected thereto, wherein the bent portion of the first linear conductor and the bent portion of the second linear conductor are formed of the dielectric. A spiral antenna device formed as a buffer on the other main surface side of the substrate . A dielectric substrate, an antenna element pattern of a spiral antenna formed on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a through-hole penetrating one main surface and another main surface of the dielectric substrate, and the antenna element pattern A through hole which is electrically continuous and has an opening on one main surface of the dielectric substrate, a feed line disposed on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate, and the other main surface of the dielectric substrate and the power supply A linear conductor having a bent part between the line, the signal line of the power supply line and the base end part being electrically continuous, and the tip part being inserted and electrically connected to the through-hole. The bent portion of the linear conductor is a spiral antenna device formed as a buffer on the other main surface side of the dielectric substrate . The spiral antenna device according to claim 11 , wherein a ground conductor pattern is formed on the other main surface of the dielectric substrate .

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