JP5277560B2 - Blood circuit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood circuit attached to a blood purification control device for purifying a patient's blood.

  For patients whose kidney function is reduced due to illness or the like, blood purification such as hemodialysis is performed by medical personnel. The blood purification circuit mainly includes a blood circuit through which a patient's blood flows, a liquid supply circuit through which dialysate or replacement fluid flows, and a filtrate circuit through which filtrate flows, and is attached to the blood purification control device. The blood purification control apparatus controls the flow of the liquid flowing through the blood purification circuit so as to clean the patient's blood safely and efficiently.

  Priming is performed as a preparation before the patient's blood is purified. Priming is to fill the circuit with a priming solution such as physiological saline for the purpose of cleaning the blood purification circuit and removing air.

  The circuit is a flow path through which blood, dialysate, replacement fluid, and the like flow, and is formed by a filter, a chamber, a needle, a tube, and the like. A filter is an instrument that purifies blood by material exchange between blood and dialysate according to principles such as diffusion and ultrafiltration. The chamber is an instrument that traps bubbles and foreign substances in the liquid passing through the line. A needle is an instrument that is attached to a circuit at the time of surgery, and is punctured at each of a removal location such as a patient shunt and a blood return location in order to take blood from the body and return the blood to the body. The tube is attached to a connection port provided in these instruments, and connects the instruments.

  The chamber has an original function of trapping bubbles in the blood when it flows in the direction in which blood should flow (hereinafter referred to as “forward direction”) during the treatment. Therefore, in order to fill the interior with the priming liquid, the priming liquid is allowed to flow in the forward direction with the top of the chamber reversed from that during blood purification, or the priming liquid is left in the state where the chamber top is in the state of blood purification. Must flow in the opposite direction.

  Moreover, it is difficult for the filter to flow the priming liquid in the forward direction and fill the inside with the priming liquid because of its structure. Therefore, in order to fill the inside of the filter with the priming liquid, like the chamber, the priming liquid is allowed to flow in the forward direction with the top of the filter reversed from the time of blood purification, or the top of the filter is It is necessary to flow the priming solution in the reverse direction while maintaining the blood purification state.

  Conventionally, a blood purification control device that circulates the liquid in the circuit in the direction opposite to that during the operation by operating the pump so that a pressure difference is generated in the direction opposite to that during the operation at the time of priming and its priming processing method have been proposed (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

In addition, since the priming operation is performed to remove bubbles and foreign substances from the circuit and the filter (blood purifier), it is necessary to wash with a sufficient amount of the priming liquid. In addition, it is also required to reduce the amount of the cleaning liquid within a possible range because the replacement operation of the storage container is excluded. Therefore, a so-called rinse-type cleaning operation is widely performed in which the cleaning liquid that has passed through the circuit or the filter only once is not discarded as it is, but is drained after recirculation. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).
JP 2006-175103 A No. 5-19076

  What is important in the conventional recirculation-type cleaning operation is the amount of fluid supplied by a replacement fluid pump for feeding into the blood circuit and the amount of blood pump sent by the blood pump. If the amount of blood pump that sends liquid such as blood or priming fluid in the blood circuit is greater than the amount of fluid supplied from the replacement pump that sends priming fluid from outside the circuit into the blood circuit, the filter Excessive negative pressure may be applied to the priming fluid flowing through the. Therefore, conventionally, there is a problem that air is taken into the filter from the outside and the air remains in the filter after priming.

  If air remains in the circuit after priming, there is a risk that the blood in the circuit will clot and the blood cannot be purified. In addition, if the remaining air enters the patient's body through the circuit, it will affect the patient's life.

  Conversely, if the flow rate of the replacement fluid pump is higher than the flow rate of the blood pump, excessive pressure is applied to the filter, which may damage the filter. As a result, the patient's blood cannot be purified safely and sufficiently.

  There is a certain error in the pressure applied by the pump. In the pump generally used for the blood purification control apparatus, it is actually difficult to control the positive pressure and the negative pressure applied to the filter so as to keep a constant balance due to this error. That is, the conventional technique has a problem that priming that can realize a safe treatment cannot be performed.

  In addition, the blood purification circuit has a complicated configuration because blood purification by various methods is realized by one blood purification circuit. Therefore, the priming procedure is complicated, and there is a problem that the burden on the operator is heavy in manual operation.

  Further, conventionally, it is necessary to connect a pack storing the priming solution at the time of priming to the blood return port and to remove it when the priming is completed, which is troublesome.

  Conventionally, the priming liquid is poured from the blood return port of the blood circuit and discharged from the blood collection port. Therefore, at the time of priming, the operator connects the pack storing the priming solution to the blood return port. When the priming is completed, the operator removes the pack storing the priming solution in order to attach the blood return device to the blood return port. As described above, it is troublesome for the operator to connect the pack storing the priming liquid and replace or remove it later. In addition, it is desirable from the viewpoint of hygiene that the number of procedures for connecting and disconnecting circuits is as small as possible.

  Further, as described above, it is desirable that the amount of liquid for completing the priming operation is small in order to save the trouble of replacing the pack and also from the viewpoint of cost reduction.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and safely and automatically executes a priming operation without removing or replacing a pack storing priming liquid during the operation or replacing it during the operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a blood purification circuit that can be used.

  Here, terms used in this specification are defined.

  “At the time of treatment” refers to the period from the start to the end of blood purification of a patient.

  A “filter” is an instrument that purifies blood. A typical filter passes a bunch of hollow fibers through a cylinder, allows blood to pass through the hollow fibers, and indirectly contacts the dialysate flowing in the cylinder via a hollow fiber membrane. By purifying the blood. Due to the principle of diffusion, ultrafiltration and osmotic pressure, wastes in the blood such as urea, uric acid, creatine, and excess water are discharged into the dialysate, and electrolytes in the dialysate are taken into the blood.

  The “chamber” is a gas-liquid separator that removes bubbles contained in the liquid flowing into the interior and flows out the liquid from which the bubbles have been removed. The chamber of the blood purification circuit generally traps air bubbles in the liquid flowing inside the chamber by collecting the air bubbles in the liquid on the inlet side of the chamber by utilizing the property that the air bubbles rise in the liquid. Some “chambers” have a function of separating foreign substances by incorporating a mesh.

  “Supply solution” is a general term for “priming solution”, “replacement solution”, and “dialysis solution”. In general, an isotonic solution or the like adjusted so that the body fluid and the osmotic pressure or the electrolyte are equal to each other is used for the “liquid supply”.

  “Priming liquid” refers to a liquid used for priming of the blood purification control apparatus. “Replacement fluid” refers to a liquid that is mixed during blood return in order to replenish the water of blood lost by passing through a filter. The “dialysate” refers to a liquid that exchanges substances with blood in a filter. As the “priming solution”, “replacement fluid” is often used.

  The “filtrate” refers to dialysate after purifying blood.

  A “pump” is a device that applies pressure to cause the liquid in the circuit to flow.

  The “valve” is a device that adjusts the flow rate of the liquid in the circuit and closes the flow path at the mounting position. “Close the valve” means to close the flow path of the liquid in the circuit at the mounting position, and “open the valve” means to flow the liquid in the circuit at the mounting position. For example, when the circuit is a tube having a certain elasticity, it is possible to close the flow path by attaching an instrument for pinching the tube from the outside, and pinching the normally opened tube from the outside.

  “Circuit” refers to the entire flow path through which a specific type of liquid flows. Specifically, the circuit is a flow path through which blood, priming solution, replacement fluid, and dialysate flow, and is realized by a combination of a filter, a chamber, a branch pipe, a tube, and the like. The circuit is divided into a “blood circuit” and a “fluid supply circuit” depending on the liquid flowing inside during the treatment, and blood flows through the blood circuit, and replacement fluid and dialysate flow through the liquid supply circuit. “Line” indicates a circuit portion.

  “Forward direction” refers to the direction in which liquid flows in the circuit during treatment. The “reverse direction” refers to the direction opposite to the forward direction. The “forward direction” of circuits that are not attached at the time of treatment and lines where liquid does not flow are defined individually.

  In order to achieve the above object, a blood purification circuit according to the present invention is a blood circuit for purifying blood with a filter, one end of which is connected to the blood inlet of the filter, and one end of which is connected to the blood inlet. And a blood return line connected to the outlet of the filter, and a bypass line for reducing the difference between the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood removal line and the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood return line.

  Or a blood circuit for purifying blood by a filter, one end of which is connected to the blood inlet of the filter and a blood return line which is connected to the blood outlet of the filter The difference between the pressure of the priming liquid applied to the blood outlet of the filter in the blood removal line and the blood inlet of the filter in the blood return line from the communication line for injecting into the blood return line from outside the blood circuit A blood circuit comprising a bypass line for reduction.

  As described above, the blood purification circuit according to the present invention includes the bypass line that reduces the difference between the pressure of the priming fluid flowing through the blood removal line and the pressure of the priming fluid flowing through the blood return line. Thereby, the pressure concerning a filter becomes lower than the case where there is no bypass line. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive pressure from being applied to the hollow fiber membrane inside the filter, and it is possible to prevent the function of the filter from being impaired due to the excessive pressure. Accordingly, priming can be performed without impairing the function of the filter, and priming for safe treatment can be automatically executed.

  Preferably, the blood removal line has a pump attachment part to which a pump is attached, the blood return line has a valve attachment part to which a valve is attached, and the bypass line has one end. , Connected between the pump mounting portion of the blood removal line and the blood inlet, or between the blood outlet of the blood return line and the valve mounting portion, and the other end of the blood removal line. It is connected between the end and the pump mounting portion, or between the other end of the blood return line and the valve mounting portion.

  Furthermore, a circulation line may be provided in which one end is connected to the other end of the blood removal line and the other end is connected to the blood return line. The other end of the bypass line is midway in the circulation line, between the other end of the blood removal line and the pump mounting portion, or between the other end of the blood return line and the valve mounting portion. May be connected.

  Further, the blood return line has a second chamber for trapping air bubbles in the blood discharged from the filter, and the bypass line has the one end on the filter side of the second chamber. It may be connected. This is an example in which the other end of the bypass line is connected between the other end of the blood return line and the valve mounting portion.

  In this way, one end of the bypass line is connected between the pump mounting part of the blood removal line and the blood inlet, or between the blood outlet of the blood return line and the valve mounting part, and the other end of the bypass line. It is connected between the other end of the blood line and the pump mounting portion, or between the other end of the blood return line and the valve mounting portion.

  Thereby, a part of priming liquid which flows into a filter can be escaped to a bypass line. Therefore, the flow rate of the priming liquid flowing through the filter is reduced and the pressure applied to the filter is lower than when there is no bypass line. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive pressure from being applied to the filter, and it is possible to prevent the function of the filter from being impaired due to the excessive pressure. Accordingly, priming can be performed without impairing the function of the filter, and priming for safe treatment can be automatically executed.

  More preferably, the circulation line has a first chamber for trapping air bubbles in the priming liquid flowing from the blood removal line to the blood return line, and the bypass line has the other end connected to the first line. Connected to the discharge line side of the chamber.

  Thus, the circulation line has a first chamber that is attached in a direction to trap air bubbles in the priming liquid flowing from the blood removal line to the blood return line. Thereby, after filling the blood purification circuit with the priming liquid, the air remaining in the blood circuit can be further removed by circulating the priming liquid in the blood circuit. Furthermore, the circulation line is removed and discarded during the treatment. That is, since the air trapped in the first chamber is discarded during the treatment, it is discarded together with the circulation line. Therefore, a safer treatment is possible by having the first chamber in the circulation line.

  Further, the bypass line branches off from the blood return line side of the first chamber. Since the filter is primed from the reverse direction, the priming liquid flows from the blood removal line toward the second chamber during priming. By branching the bypass line from the blood return line side of the second chamber, air pushed out from the bypass line is not trapped in the second chamber, and air can be reliably removed from the blood purification circuit. Therefore, safe treatment is possible.

  More preferably, the bypass line has a larger flow path resistance than the other lines constituting the blood purification circuit.

  As described above, the flow resistance of the bypass line is larger than that of the other line, so that the flow rate of the priming liquid flowing through the bypass line is smaller than that of the other line. Therefore, the excessive pressure applied to the filter can be released. Therefore, priming for safe treatment can be performed.

  More preferably, the bypass line has a connection part that can be removed from the connected line at either one of both ends.

  In this way, the bypass line has a connection part that can be detached from the connected line at either one of the two ends. Therefore, an anticoagulant injection device for injecting an anticoagulant such as a syringe pump can be attached to the removed one while the other is connected. During the treatment, an anticoagulant or the like is generally introduced into the blood flowing through the circuit so that the blood flowing through the blood purification circuit does not coagulate. Therefore, the bypass line can be diverted as a charging circuit for such an anticoagulant and the like, and it is possible to perform treatment without taking the trouble of adding a new line.

  Moreover, when the other end is connected to the circulation line, the bypass line has a connection part in which the other end can be removed.

  In this way, the other end connected to the circulation line can be removed. The other end of the bypass line is removed during the treatment. Since the circulation line is discarded at the time of treatment as described above, unlike the other lines, it is not necessary to take measures such as closing the portion where the other end of the bypass line was connected at the time of treatment. When taking measures such as blocking at the time of treatment, not only is it troublesome, but also hygiene is unfavorable, for example, viruses are mixed in from there. Therefore, by making it possible to remove the other end connected to the circulation line, it is possible to simplify the operation for the transition from priming or recirculation to blood purification, and it is possible to perform hygienic treatment.

  In order to achieve the above object, a blood purification circuit according to the present invention is a blood circuit that is a circuit for purifying a patient's blood by a filter, and one end of which is connected to the blood inlet of the filter. An inflow line, one end connected to the blood outlet of the filter, one end connected to the other end of the inflow line, the other end connected to the other end of the exhaust line, and the inflow A circulation line having a first chamber for trapping bubbles in the priming liquid flowing from one end connected to the line to the other end connected to the discharge line.

  Thus, the blood circuit includes a circulation line connecting the ends of the inflow line and the discharge line. Generally, the same liquid is used for the replacement liquid and the priming liquid. When the circulation line is not provided, in order to flow the priming liquid into the filter or the chamber from the direction opposite to the time of the treatment, it is necessary to flow the priming liquid from the discharge line. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to replace the line to which the priming solution (replacement fluid) is connected during the treatment.

  By providing the circulation line, the entire blood circuit can be primed by flowing the priming liquid from the line through which the replacement fluid flows during the treatment. Therefore, it is not necessary to replace the line to which the priming liquid (replacement liquid) is connected between the treatment and the priming. Therefore, the procedure from the completion of priming to the start of treatment can be simplified, and automatic execution of priming can be facilitated.

  The circulation line also has a first chamber that traps bubbles in the priming liquid flowing from the inflow line to the discharge line. Thereby, after filling the blood purification circuit with the priming liquid, the air remaining in the blood circuit can be further removed by circulating the priming liquid in the blood circuit. Therefore, safer treatment is possible.

  More preferably, the circulation line has a connection part removable from the inflow line and the discharge line.

  Thus, the circulation line has a removable connection. Therefore, the line which has a needle | hook etc. in one end can be attached to remove a circulation line at the time of treatment, and to connect with a patient in the removed location. Therefore, by having the connection part from which the circulation line is removable, it becomes possible to facilitate the work required from the completion of priming to the start of the treatment.

  Further, when one end is detachably connected to the circulation line to reduce the difference between the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood removal line and the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood return line, and when removed from the circulation line A bypass line is provided that can be attached to an anticoagulant injection device for injecting the anticoagulant.

  In this manner, the bypass line can be attached to an anticoagulant injecting device that injects an anticoagulant when one end is detachably connected to the circulation line and removed from the circulation line. Thereby, it becomes possible to facilitate the work required from the completion of priming to the start of the treatment.

  Further, the bypass line reduces a difference between the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood removal line and the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood return line. Thus, by connecting a bypass line, the differential pressure concerning the entrance / exit of a filter can be made lower than the case where there is no bypass line. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive pressure from being applied to the hollow fiber membrane inside the filter, and it is possible to prevent the function of the filter from being impaired due to the excessive pressure. Accordingly, priming can be performed without impairing the function of the filter, and priming for safe treatment can be automatically executed.

  The blood circuit according to the present invention enables priming that ensures cleaning and air removal in the circuit. In addition, it is possible to simplify the operation required of the operator for priming. Therefore, reliable priming can be performed by a simple priming operation.

  The blood purification circuit according to the present invention is attached to a blood purification control device. The blood purification control device controls a pump and a valve according to a predetermined rule based on information obtained from a sensor or the like. The patient's blood and fluid flow through the blood purification circuit according to the control of the blood purification control device. Thereby, the blood is purified.

  First, the configuration of the blood purification control apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a blood purification control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The blood purification control apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is an apparatus that performs control for automatically executing priming. The blood purification control device 10 is also a device that controls blood purification of a patient by a plurality of operation methods (operation modes). In the present embodiment, as an operation mode, an auto priming mode, a CHD (Continuous Hemodialysis) mode, a CHDF (Continuous Hemodiafiltration) mode, a CHF (Continuous Hemofiltration) mode, and an ECUM (Extraordinary Modulation mode) are provided. To do.

  The blood purification control apparatus 10 includes an input unit 12, a display unit 14, a mode receiving unit 16, a blood pump 20, a dialysis pump 22, a filtrate pump 24, a replacement fluid pump 26, a fluid supply valve 30, Filtrate valve 32, blood return valve 34, priming fluid discharge valve 36, filtrate pressure sensor 40, blood pressure drop sensor 42, inflow pressure sensor 44, discharge pressure sensor 46, and control method storage unit 48 The control part 49 is provided.

  In the input unit 12, an operator of the blood purification control apparatus 10 inputs an operation mode of the blood purification control apparatus.

  The display unit 14 presents information to the operator, such as a monitor screen.

  The mode receiving unit 16 receives information indicating the operation mode input to the input unit 12.

  The blood pump 20 is a pump that applies pressure to take blood from the patient. The blood pump 20 not only has a direction in which the liquid in the circuit flows during the operation (hereinafter, the pressure direction of such a pump is referred to as “forward direction”), but also in the opposite direction (hereinafter, such a pump). The pressure direction can be referred to as “reverse direction”).

  The dialysis pump 22 is a pump that applies pressure to flow the dialysate.

  The filtrate pump 24 is a pump that applies pressure to flow the filtrate.

  The replacement fluid pump 26 is a pump that applies pressure to flow the replacement fluid.

  The liquid supply valve 30 is a valve for adjusting the supply amount of the liquid supply and stopping the supply.

  The filtrate valve 32 is a valve for adjusting the discharge amount of the filtrate and stopping the discharge.

  The blood return valve 34 is a valve that adjusts the amount of blood discharged from the filter to the patient and stops the blood return.

  The priming liquid discharge valve 36 is used for discharging the priming liquid, and can also be used as a quick replacement liquid valve when it is necessary to rapidly supplement the replacement liquid.

  The filtrate pressure sensor 40 is a sensor that measures the pressure of the line through which the filtrate flows.

  The blood pressure removal sensor 42 and the inflow pressure sensor 44 are sensors that measure the pressure at which the blood before purification, taken out from the patient by the action of the blood pump 20, flows. The blood pressure removal sensor 42 measures the pressure of blood flowing through the line on the patient side from the blood pump 20, and the inflow pressure sensor 44 measures the pressure of blood flowing through the line on the filter side from the blood pump 20.

  The discharge pressure sensor 46 is a sensor that measures the pressure of blood discharged from the filter 56.

  The control method storage unit 48 stores information related to the operation mode control method provided by the blood purification control device 10. The control method storage unit 48 of the present embodiment is a storage medium that stores automatic priming mode information 48a, CHD mode information 48b, CHDF mode information 48c, and CHF mode information 48d.

  The automatic priming mode information 48a is information including a method for controlling a pump and a valve when the blood purification control apparatus 10 automatically performs priming.

  The CHD mode information 48b, the CHDF mode 48c information, and the CHF mode information 48d are information including a method for controlling a pump and a valve in order to purify blood by each blood purification method. The CHD mode information 48b is information including a control method for performing continuous dialysis hemodialysis (CHD), and the CHDF mode 48c information includes a control method for performing continuous dialysis filtration (CHDF). The CHF mode information 48d is information including a control method in the case of performing continuous loose blood filtration (CHF).

  The control unit 49 reads information corresponding to the operation mode received by the mode receiving unit 16 from the control method storage unit 48, and refers to information acquired from the pressure sensor and each sensor (not shown) based on the read information, Control the pump and each valve.

  Next, the configuration of a circuit attached to the blood purification control apparatus 10 capable of executing such a plurality of blood purification methods will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a blood purification circuit during priming according to an embodiment of the present invention and a positional relationship among a pump, a valve, and a pressure sensor of the blood purification control device.

  The blood purification circuit during priming includes a first liquid supply pack 50, a second liquid supply pack 52, a filtrate pack 54, a filter 56, a blood return chamber 58, a recirculation chamber 60, The liquid branch pipe 62, the rapid replacement liquid branch pipe 64, the anticoagulation branch pipe 66, the blood removal side joint 68a, the blood removal side joint 68b, the blood return side joint 70a, the blood return side joint 70b, and the first Supply line 72, second supply line 74, dialysate line 76, filtrate line 78, waste liquid line 80, replacement liquid line 82, first blood removal line 84, and priming liquid discharge (rapid replacement liquid) Line) 86, second blood removal line 88, third blood removal line 89, anticoagulant (bypass) line 90, first blood return line 92, second blood return line 94, and first circulation. Line 96 and second circulation line 98 are provided. That.

  In this figure, in order to explain the positional relationship of each pump, each valve, and each sensor included in blood purification control device 10 in the blood purification circuit, blood pump 20, dialysis pump 22, filtrate pump 24, and replacement fluid Pump 26, liquid supply valve 30, filtrate valve 32, blood return valve 34, priming liquid discharge valve 36, filtrate pressure sensor 40, blood pressure sensor 42, inflow pressure sensor 44, and discharge pressure A sensor 46 is also shown. Since each part with which these blood purification control apparatuses 10 are provided was demonstrated with reference to FIG. 1, description is abbreviate | omitted here.

  The first liquid supply pack 50 is a container in which liquid supply is first stored.

  The second liquid supply pack 52 is a container in which the liquid supply supplied from the first liquid supply pack 50 is stored.

  The filtrate pack 54 is a container in which a filtrate that is a dialysate after blood purification is stored.

  In the present embodiment, the same liquid is used as the priming liquid, the replacement liquid, and the dialysis liquid. The liquid supply supplied from the first liquid supply pack 50 is temporarily stored in the second liquid supply pack 52 and then supplied to another blood purification circuit. During blood purification, the liquid supply stored in the second liquid supply pack 52 is used as a replacement fluid and dialysate, and the filtrate after blood purification is stored in the filtrate pack 54.

  Thereby, for example, by measuring the weight of the liquid supply of the second liquid supply pack 52 and the weight of the filtrate pack 54, the progress of blood purification and the amount taken into the patient's body as a replacement fluid can be grasped. And control for proper treatment becomes possible. Further, by acquiring these measurement results by the control unit 49, it becomes possible to realize automatic control based on the progress of blood purification and the amount taken into the patient's body as a replacement fluid.

  The filter 56 is an instrument that purifies blood. In the filter 56 shown in this figure, blood flows in from the blood inlet provided in the upper part of the cylinder, and the blood is discharged from the blood outlet provided in the lower part of the cylinder. In addition, the dialysate flows from the dialysate inlet provided at the lower side of the cylinder, and the dialysate after purifying blood from the dialysate outlet provided at the upper side of the cylinder, that is, the filtrate is discharged. The

  In this figure, the inside of the dotted line in the filter 56 schematically shows the inside of the hollow fiber which is a blood flow path, and the outside of the dotted line schematically shows the outside of the hollow fiber which is a dialysate flow path. The inside of the dotted line of the filter 56 is a part of the blood circuit, and the direction from the blood inlet to the blood outlet is the forward direction. Further, the outside of the dotted line of the filter 56 is a part of the liquid supply circuit, and the direction from the dialysate inlet to the dialysate outlet is the forward direction.

  The blood return chamber 58 is a part that traps air bubbles and foreign matters in the blood discharged from the filter 56 side, and in which a replacement fluid is mixed into the blood return. That is, the blood return chamber 58 is an example of a “second chamber” that traps bubbles in the blood discharged from the filter 56.

  The recirculation chamber 60 is a chamber that traps bubbles remaining in the blood circuit after priming during recirculation, and is not attached during blood purification. Here, “recirculation” means that the priming fluid is circulated in the blood circuit after the filling of the priming fluid into the blood purification circuit is completed and before the patient is treated.

  These chambers structurally trap bubbles in the liquid flowing in the forward direction but cannot trap in the reverse direction. Thus, the chamber can be primed by flowing fluid in the opposite direction.

  The supply liquid branch pipe 62 is a branch pipe for separating the supply liquid into dialysate and replacement fluid. The rapid replacement fluid branch pipe 64 is a branch pipe for rapidly mixing a replacement fluid or the like into blood taken from a patient. The anticoagulant branch tube 66 is a branch tube for mixing an anticoagulant into blood taken from a patient.

  The blood removal side joint 68a and the blood removal side joint 68b are detachable joint members. At the time of priming, as shown in this figure, the blood removal side joint 68a and the blood removal side joint 68b are connected.

  During the treatment, the blood removal side joint 68a and the blood removal side joint 68b are separated. In addition, a device for taking out blood from the patient is attached to the blood removal side joint 68a at the time of treatment instead of the blood removal side joint 68b. An example of an instrument attached to the blood removal side joint 68a is a needle that is punctured by a patient. The patient's blood is taken into the blood purification circuit through an instrument such as a needle.

  The blood return side joint 70a and the blood return side joint 70b are detachable joint members. At the time of priming, as shown in the figure, the blood return side joint 70a and the blood return side joint 70b are connected.

  During the treatment, the blood return side joint 70a and the blood return side joint 70b are separated. In addition, a device for returning blood to the patient's body is attached to the blood return side joint 70a at the time of treatment instead of the blood return side joint 70b. An example of an instrument attached to the blood return side joint 70a is a needle that is punctured by a patient. The purified blood is returned to the patient through the needle.

  As described above, the blood-removing side joint 68a and the blood-returning side joint 70a are different from each other in the instruments to be attached during the treatment and the priming. Therefore, the blood removal side joint 68a has a shape in which both the blood removal side joint 68b and a device for taking out blood from the patient can be attached and detached. The blood return side joint 70b has a shape in which both the blood return side joint 70a and an instrument for returning blood to the patient's body can be attached and detached.

  By providing the blood removal side joint 68a and the blood return side joint 70a having such a shape, the operator of the blood purification control device and the blood purification circuit can easily go from recirculation after priming to treatment. It becomes possible to migrate.

  The first liquid supply line 72 is a line through which the liquid supply flows in the direction from the first liquid supply pack 50 to the second liquid supply pack 52 during the treatment. Moreover, the 1st liquid supply line 72 has the liquid supply valve attachment part which is a site | part to which the liquid supply valve 30 is attached in the middle. As shown in the figure, a liquid supply valve 30 is attached to the liquid supply valve mounting portion.

  The second liquid supply line 74 is a line through which the liquid supply flows from the second liquid supply pack 52 toward the liquid supply branch pipe 62 during the treatment.

  The dialysate line 76 is a line through which the dialysate flows from the supply liquid branch pipe 62 to the dialysate inlet of the filter 56 during the treatment. In addition, the dialysate line 76 has a dialysis pump attachment part, which is a part to which the dialysis pump 22 is attached, in the middle. As shown in the figure, a dialysis pump 22 is attached to the dialysis pump attachment portion.

  The filtrate line 78 is a line through which the filtrate flows from the dialysate outlet of the filter 56 toward the filtrate pack 54. Moreover, the filtrate line 78 has a filtrate pump attachment part which is a site | part to which the filtrate pump 24 is attached in the middle. As shown in the figure, a filtrate pump 24 is attached to the filtrate pump mounting portion.

  The waste liquid line 80 is a line for discarding the filtrate stored in the filtrate pack 54 by the treatment. In addition, the waste liquid line 80 has a filtrate valve attachment portion that is a part to which the filtrate valve 32 is attached in the middle. As shown in the figure, a filtrate valve 32 is attached to the filtrate valve attachment portion.

  The filtrate valve 32 is closed at the time of measurement, and the filtrate does not flow into the waste liquid line 80. After weighing, the filtrate valve 32 is opened, and the filtrate flows from the filtrate pack 54 toward the open end. The direction in which this filtrate flows is defined as the “forward direction” of the waste liquid line 80.

  The replacement fluid line 82 is a line through which the replacement fluid flows from the supply fluid branch pipe 62 toward the blood return chamber 58 during the treatment. That is, the replacement fluid line 82 is an example of a communication line for injecting the blood into the blood return line from outside the blood circuit. As described above, by providing the replacement fluid line 82 for injecting the blood into the blood return line, the filter 56 does not have to be arranged or changed at different positions during the treatment.

  In addition, the replacement fluid line 82 has a replacement fluid pump mounting portion that is a portion to which the replacement fluid pump 26 is mounted. As shown in the figure, the replacement fluid pump 26 is attached to the replacement fluid pump mounting portion.

  The first blood removal line 84 is a line through which blood before purification flows from the blood removal side joint 68a in the direction of the anticoagulant branch tube 66 during the treatment.

  The priming fluid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86 has an open discharge port at one end, and discharges air and priming solution in the circuit from the discharge port during priming. The priming fluid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86 is also a line through which the replacement fluid flows when it is necessary to rapidly supplement the blood being purified during the treatment. That is, it is a line that connects a quick replacement fluid pack (not shown) and the quick replacement fluid branch pipe 64 at the time of treatment. The replacement fluid flows from a replacement fluid pack (not shown) in the direction of the rapid replacement fluid branch pipe 64. At the time of priming, it becomes a priming solution disposal line, one end is connected to the rapid replacement fluid branch pipe 64 and the other end is opened.

  Further, the priming liquid discharge (rapid replacement liquid) line 86 has a priming liquid discharge valve mounting portion that is a part to which the priming liquid discharge valve 36 is mounted in the middle. As shown in the figure, a priming liquid discharge valve 36 is attached to the priming liquid discharge valve mounting portion.

  The second blood removal line 88 is a line that allows blood before purification to flow from the rapid replacement fluid branch pipe 64 to the anticoagulation branch pipe 66 during the treatment. In addition, the second blood removal line 88 has a blood pump attachment part that is a part to which the blood pump 20 is attached on the way. As shown in the figure, the blood pump 20 is attached to the blood pump attachment portion.

  The third blood removal line 89 is a line for flowing blood before purification from the anticoagulant branch tube 66 toward the blood inlet of the filter 56 during the treatment.

  That is, the first blood removal line 84, the rapid replacement fluid branch pipe 64, the second blood removal line 88, the anticoagulation branch pipe 66, and the third blood removal line 89 are lines whose one ends are connected to the blood inlet of the filter 56. This is an example of a “blood removal line”.

  The anticoagulant (bypass) line 90 is connected to the blood inlet side of the filter 56 and the blood outlet side of the filter 56 so as to prevent excessive pressure on the filter 56 during priming. This is a line that short-circuits the connected line.

  That is, the anticoagulant (bypass) line 90 is an example of a “bypass line” that reduces the difference between the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood removal line and the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood return line.

  Even if the operation of the pump is controlled by controlling the flow rate of the priming liquid flowing through the filter 56, actually, an excessive pressure is applied to the filter 56. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive pressure from being applied to the filter 56 by the bypass that short-circuits the blood circuit with a line having a large flow path resistance during priming. Such a line having a large flow resistance can be realized by a pipe having a smaller diameter than a pipe forming another line.

  Such an anticoagulant (bypass) line 90 is a line through which the anticoagulant flows from the anticoagulant injection device (not shown) attached to one end to the anticoagulant branch pipe 66 during the treatment. Specifically, the anticoagulant injection device attached at the time of treatment is attached to one end of an anticoagulant (bypass) line 90 attached to the outflow side of the recirculation chamber 60 at the time of priming.

  Here, the anticoagulant injection device is a device for injecting an anticoagulant into the blood circuit. Specifically, the anticoagulant injection device is a syringe containing a heparin-added solution, a syringe pump in which the syringe is set, or the like. is there.

  In general, a line for introducing an anticoagulant is formed by a tube having an inner diameter of about one-third compared to a tube that forms a line through which blood or a liquid supply flows. Therefore, the bypass line during priming can be used as an anticoagulant (bypass) line during treatment. Therefore, the priming of the filter 56 can be efficiently performed without further complicating the blood purification circuit, such as adding a new line for introducing an anticoagulant during blood purification.

  The first blood return line 92 is a line for flowing blood from the blood outlet of the filter 56 to the inlet of the blood return chamber 58 during the treatment.

  The second blood return line 94 is a line through which blood flows from the discharge port of the blood return chamber 58 toward the blood return side joint 70a during the treatment. In addition, the second blood return line 94 has a blood return valve attachment portion that is a part to which the blood return valve 34 is attached. As shown in the drawing, a blood return valve 34 is attached to the blood return valve mounting portion.

  That is, the first blood return line 92, the blood return chamber 58, and the second blood return line 94 are examples of “blood return lines” whose one ends are connected to the blood outlet of the filter 56.

  The first circulation line 96 is a line through which the priming liquid flows from the blood removal side joint 68b toward the inlet of the recirculation chamber 60 during priming. This is the site removed during blood purification. For the first circulation line 96, the direction from the blood removal side joint 68b to the inlet of the recirculation chamber 60 is the forward direction.

  The second circulation line 98 is a line through which the priming solution flows from the discharge port of the recirculation chamber 60 toward the blood return side joint 70b during priming. The second circulation line 98 is also a part that is removed during blood purification. For the second circulation line 98, the direction from the discharge port of the recirculation chamber 60 to the blood return side joint 70b is the forward direction.

  In the blood purification circuit of the present embodiment described so far, the blood circuit includes the blood removal side joint 68a, the first blood removal line 84, the rapid replacement fluid branch pipe 64, and the priming fluid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86. A second blood removal line 88, an anticoagulation branch 66, an anticoagulant (bypass) line 90, a third blood removal line 89, the inside of the filter 56, a first blood return line 92, The blood return chamber 58, the second blood return line 94, and the blood return side joint 70a are configured.

  The liquid supply circuit includes a first liquid supply pack 50, a first liquid supply line 72, a second liquid supply pack 52, a second liquid supply line 74, a replacement liquid line 82, a dialysate line 76, The outside of the filter 56, the filtrate line 78, the filtrate pack 54, and the waste liquid line 80 are comprised.

  Further, the circulation circuit includes a blood removal side joint 68b, a first circulation line 96, a recirculation chamber 60, a second circulation line 98, and a blood return side joint 70b.

  That is, the circulation circuit is an example of a “circulation line” in which one end is connected to the other end of the blood removal line and the other end is connected to the blood return line. The recirculation chamber 60 is an example of a “first chamber” that is attached in a direction to trap air bubbles in the priming liquid flowing from the blood removal line to the blood return line.

  The circulation circuit is a circuit that is not attached during blood purification. Therefore, for each line constituting the circulation circuit, the direction in which the priming liquid flows is defined as the forward direction.

  Further, the waste liquid tank 100 and the waste liquid tank 102 shown in the figure are tanks for storing priming liquid flowing out from the open end of the circuit at the time of priming.

  The above is the configuration of the blood purification circuit according to the present embodiment.

  Thus, in order to prime a complicated circuit, the procedure is also complicated. For this reason, manual priming not only takes time, but also causes an operational error. By providing the automatic priming mode, it is possible to reduce the trouble of the operator and the risk of operation mistakes, and it is possible to reliably perform priming for safe blood purification.

  Such an automatic priming procedure will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the blood purification circuit at the time of priming according to the embodiment of the present invention and the positional relationship among the pump, valve, and pressure sensor of blood purification control device 10. The arrows in this figure indicate the forward direction of each line.

  In this figure, the pressure sensor shown in FIG. 2 is omitted. Moreover, in this figure, the same number is attached | subjected about each site | part corresponding to FIG. Therefore, the description here regarding each part is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, the recirculation chamber 60 is placed sideways in the figure for the sake of simplicity, but actually, the recirculation chamber 60 is connected to the inlet side of the recirculation chamber 60 (connected to the first circulation line 96). Is attached to the blood purification control apparatus 10 so that the upper side is vertically upward.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an automatic priming procedure executed by the blood purification control apparatus 10 when the automatic priming mode is selected in the present embodiment. This figure reads the automatic priming mode information 48a from the control method storage unit 48 when the mode receiving unit 16 of the blood purification control device 10 receives the selection of the automatic priming mode input to the input unit 12 by the operator. The control unit 49 that executes the read automatic priming mode information 48a shows a procedure for controlling each pump and each valve included in the blood purification control apparatus 10.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram collectively showing the circuit state in each procedure during priming according to the present embodiment. Further, FIG. 6 to FIG. 15 are circuit configuration diagrams showing circuit states in respective procedures during priming.

  Hereinafter, each procedure shown in FIG. 4 will be described, and the state of the circuit in each procedure will be described together with the corresponding diagram.

  In the initial state, the blood purification control device 10 is provided with a blood purification circuit in the state as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the priming liquid is stored only in the first liquid supply pack 50. . Further, as shown in the initial state of FIG. 5, it is assumed that the operation of all the pumps of the blood purification control apparatus 10 is stopped and all the valves are opened.

  The control unit 49 opens the liquid supply valve 30 and the blood return valve 34 (S1). As a result, the state of the blood purification circuit is changed to the state 1 shown in FIG. 5, and the first liquid supply line 72 and the second liquid supply pack 52 are supplied with priming liquid (hereinafter, “liquid” in the explanation of the priming procedure). Is filled. The specific state of the blood purification circuit is as shown in FIG.

  Here, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state 1 among the states during priming of the blood purification circuit according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 6, a hatched portion in the circuit configuration indicates that the portion is filled with liquid, that is, a primed portion. Moreover, the part which is not hatched shows that the liquid is not yet filled, that is, the part which is not primed. In FIG. 6, the hatched valves are shown in a closed state, and the non-hatched valves are shown in an open state.

  The hatching applied to the circuit and the valve shows the same state in FIGS. Therefore, the description regarding these hatching in each figure is abbreviate | omitted.

  Furthermore, in FIG. 6, all the pumps are not hatched. This indicates that all pumps are stopped. Similarly, in FIGS. 7 to 15, the stopped pump is not hatched, and the operating pump is hatched. Since the hatching of the pump has been described here, the description in each figure is omitted.

  From here, it returns to FIG.

  The control unit 49 operates the dialysis pump 22 (S2). Thereby, the state of the blood purification circuit becomes the state 2 shown in FIG. 5, and the liquid is supplied to the second liquid supply line 74, the dialysate line 76, and the outside of the filter 56 (part constituting the liquid supply circuit). Filled. The specific state of the blood purification circuit is as shown in FIG.

  The control unit 49 operates the filtrate pump 24 (S3). Thereby, the state of the blood purification circuit becomes the state 3 shown in FIG. 5, and the filtrate line 78 is filled with the liquid. The specific state of the blood purification circuit is as shown in FIG.

  The control unit 49 stops the dialysis pump 22 and the filtrate pump 24, operates the replacement fluid pump 26, and closes the liquid supply valve 30 (S4). As a result, the state of the blood purification circuit becomes the state 4 shown in FIG. 5, and the replacement fluid line 82 is filled with the liquid. The specific state of the blood purification circuit is as shown in FIG.

  Thus, the priming liquid is filled in the liquid supply circuit excluding the filtrate pack 54. Subsequently, priming of the blood circuit is started.

  When the replacement fluid line 82 is filled with the liquid and the liquid reaches the supply inlet of the blood return chamber 58, the controller 49 opens the priming fluid discharge valve 36 (S5). As a result, the state of the blood purification circuit becomes the state 5 shown in FIG. 5, and the second blood return line 94, the second circulation line 98, the recirculation chamber 60, the first circulation line 96, and the first The blood is filled in the blood removal line 84 and the priming liquid discharge (rapid replacement liquid) line 86. The specific state of the blood purification circuit is as shown in FIG. Here, since the liquid flows in the blood return chamber 58 in the forward direction, the liquid flows into the blood return chamber 58 at this time, but air remains in the chamber 58.

  The control unit 49 operates the blood pump 20 in the direction opposite to that during blood purification, and closes the blood return valve 34 (S6). As a result, the state of the blood purification circuit is changed to the state 6 shown in FIG. 5, and the blood return chamber 58, the first blood return line 92, the inside of the filter 56 (portion constituting the blood circuit), and the third removal. The blood line 89 and the second blood removal line 88 are filled with liquid. The specific state of the blood purification circuit is as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 11, priming flows from the replacement fluid line 82 by closing the blood return valve 34 provided in the middle of the second blood return line 94, which is a line connected to the discharge port of the blood return chamber 58. The liquid is filled from the vertically lower side of the blood return chamber 58. Therefore, the air bubbles in the blood return chamber 58 can flow out to the first blood return line 92. Further, by closing the blood return valve 34 provided in this way, it becomes possible to flow the liquid in the reverse direction inside the filter 56.

  The blood pump 20 adjusts the flow rate of the third blood removal line 89, and the replacement fluid pump 26 adjusts the flow rate of the first blood return line 92. If the flow rate of the third blood removal line 89 and the flow rate of the first blood return line 92 are the same, the pressure applied to the liquid flowing inside the filter 56 can be suppressed. Due to errors and unevenness, it is difficult to make the flow rates of both the same only by controlling the pump. Therefore, when there is no anticoagulant (bypass) line 90, excessive pressure is applied to the filter 56 due to the difference between the flow rate of the third blood removal line 89 and the flow rate of the first blood return line 92. . The anticoagulant (bypass) line 90 can relieve such pressure.

  Therefore, the pressure applied to the filter 56 can be reduced by the anticoagulant (bypass) line 90 serving as a liquid bypass line. Therefore, it becomes possible to prime the inside (blood circuit part) of the filter 56 more reliably.

  From here, it returns to description of FIG.

  After the liquid is discarded in the waste liquid tank 102, the control unit 49 stops the blood pump 20 (S7). Thereby, the state of the blood purification circuit becomes the state 7 shown in FIG. 5, and the anticoagulant (bypass) line 90 is filled with the liquid. That is, the anticoagulant (bypass) line 90 is reliably primed. The specific state of the blood purification circuit is as shown in FIG.

  Thus, all the blood circuit is filled with the priming solution. Subsequently, priming of the filtrate pack 54 for which priming has not been completed is started in the liquid supply circuit.

  The controller 49 stops the replacement fluid pump 26, operates the dialysis pump 22 and the filtrate pump 24, opens the blood return valve 34, and closes the priming fluid discharge valve 36 (S8). Thereby, the state of the blood purification circuit becomes the state 8 shown in FIG. 13, and the filtrate pack 54 is filled with the liquid.

  Thus, all of the blood purification circuit is filled with the priming solution.

  The control unit 49 stops the dialysis pump 22 and the filtrate pump 24, and opens the filtrate valve 32 (S9). Thereby, the state of the blood purification circuit becomes the state 9 shown in FIG. 14, and a part of the liquid filled with the liquid in the filtrate pack 54 is discarded in the waste liquid tank 100.

  The blood purification control apparatus 10 at the time of treatment measures the amount of purified blood based on the weight of the second liquid supply pack and the weight of the filtrate pack 54. Thus, by discarding a part of the liquid in the filtrate pack 54, the balance between the weight of the second liquid supply pack 52 and the weight of the filtrate pack 54 is adjusted, so that more accurate blood purification during the treatment is performed. The quantity can be measured.

  Thus, in the blood purification circuit of the present embodiment, not only the blood circuit and the circulation circuit but also the liquid supply circuit can be filled with the priming liquid in a series of procedures. Furthermore, in a series of procedures, the balance between the weight of the second liquid supply pack 52 and the weight of the filtrate pack 54 is automatically adjusted, so that the operation burden required for the operator to prepare for the treatment is reduced. It is possible to prepare for safe treatment without spending time.

  The control unit 49 operates the blood pump 20 (S10). Thus, recirculation is performed by removing the air remaining in the blood circuit by circulating the priming liquid in the blood circuit.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the flow of the priming liquid in the blood circuit according to the present embodiment at the time of recirculation. As shown in FIG. 15, when the priming liquid circulates in the blood circuit according to the present embodiment, the air remaining in the circuit or the air (bubbles) generated in the circuit before the treatment is reduced. It is trapped in the circulation chamber 60. Such recirculation is continued until the start of the treatment.

  The blood purification circuit of the present invention includes a recirculation chamber in a circulation circuit for making the blood circuit into a circulation structure during priming. With such a blood purification circuit attached, recirculation, that is, circulating the priming liquid in the blood circuit, captures air remaining in the blood circuit after priming in the recirculation chamber. And can be collected. Since the circulation circuit including the recirculation chamber is removed from the blood circuit and discarded at the time of treatment, the air collected in the recirculation chamber is discarded together with the circulation circuit.

  Therefore, by simply providing a recirculation chamber in the circulation circuit, air remaining in the blood circuit is removed without adding a new procedure to a series of work procedures related to blood purification such as priming and treatment. be able to. Therefore, the air in the blood circuit can be removed more reliably without imposing a burden on the operator.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this.

  For example, in an embodiment, the anticoagulant (bypass) line 90, which is a bypass line, reduces the pressure applied to the filter 56, so that the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood removal line and the priming liquid flowing through the blood return line are reduced. As an example of a line for reducing the pressure difference, the anticoagulant branch pipe 66 located between the blood inlet of the filter 56 and the blood pump 20 and the outlet of the recirculation chamber 60 are connected.

  In order to reduce the pressure applied to the filter 56, one end of the bypass line may release the pressure applied to the filter 56 to the other line by the blood pump 20 and the replacement fluid pump 26. However, the bypass line is attached so that air does not flow backward during recirculation.

  The annular circuit formed by the blood circuit and the circulation circuit includes a high-pressure side line to which the replacement fluid line 82 is connected and a low-pressure side line to which the rapid replacement fluid line is connected by the blood return valve 34 and the blood pump 20. And divided. The bypass line is connected to such a high-pressure side line and a low-pressure side line.

  That is, the line for reducing the difference between the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood removal line and the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood return line is at one end between the blood pump mounting portion and the blood inlet of the filter 56. 56 is connected between the blood outlet and the blood return valve mounting portion (including the blood return chamber 58), between the replacement fluid pump 26 and the blood return chamber 58, and the other end is upstream of the blood pump 20 in the blood removal line. What is necessary is just to be connected to either site | part of the downstream line from the blood return valve 34 of the side line or the blood return line.

  More specifically, first, when one end of the bypass line is connected between the blood pump mounting portion and the blood inlet of the filter 56, the other end is connected to the blood pump mounting portion and the blood removal side joint 68a. Or a circulation line, or a connection between the blood return valve mounting portion and the blood return side joint 70a, or a priming fluid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86. In this case, the embodiment of the present invention is an example in which the other end is connected to the circulation line.

  Second, one end of the bypass line is connected between the blood outlet of the filter 56 and the blood return valve attachment (including the blood return chamber 58), and the other end is connected to the blood pump attachment and the blood removal side joint. 68a is connected to the circulation line, or between the blood return valve mounting portion and the blood return side joint 70a, or to the priming fluid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86.

  For example, FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification circuit according to a modification of the present invention. The anticoagulant (bypass) line 106 shown in FIG. Connected to the blood removal line 84. This modification is an example in which the other end is connected between the blood pump attachment portion and the blood removal side joint 68a in the second case.

  Third, one end of the bypass line is connected between the replacement fluid pump 26 and the blood return chamber 58, and the other end is connected between the blood pump mounting portion and the blood removal side joint 68a and connected to the circulation line. In some cases, it is connected between the discharge valve mounting portion and the blood return side joint 70a or connected to the priming fluid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86.

  Since such a bypass line can be diverted as a line for introducing an anticoagulant during the treatment, a portion suitable for the injection of the anticoagulant may be selected at one end thereof. With such a circuit configuration, it is possible to reduce the pressure applied to the filter 56 during priming, and it is possible to divert the bypass line as an anticoagulant line. The line to which the other end of the bypass line is connected is preferably a position where it can be easily removed or a position away from the discharge port of the priming liquid discharge (rapid replacement liquid) line 86.

  An example of a position that can be easily removed is a chamber. The other end of the bypass line is removed from the line to attach the anticoagulant infusion device after priming and recirculation. Therefore, the operation up to the treatment can be facilitated by connecting to a position where removal is easy.

  Further, as an example of the position away from the open end of the liquid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86, blood circuits other than the priming fluid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86, that is, the blood pump mounting portion and the blood removal side joint 68a. In the middle of the circulation line, between the blood return valve mounting portion and the blood return side joint 70a.

  At the time of priming, the priming liquid that has passed through the bypass line passes through a part of the blood circuit and is then discharged from the circuit through the priming liquid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86. Therefore, the priming fluid that has passed through the bypass line is used for priming a line that forms from the connection port with the blood circuit to the open end of the priming fluid discharge (rapid replacement fluid) line 86. Therefore, by setting the position away from the open end of the priming liquid discharge (rapid replacement liquid) line 86, the priming liquid can be used for priming of a longer line, and the priming liquid can be used effectively.

  The present invention can be applied to a blood purification circuit attached to a blood purification control device that automatically executes priming, which is preparation for purifying a patient's blood. Further, the present invention can be applied to a blood purification circuit that is attached to a blood purification control device that performs recirculation for circulating a priming fluid through the blood circuit during the period from completion of priming to treatment by a patient.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the blood purification control apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the blood purification circuit at the time of priming which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, and the positional relationship of the pump of a blood purification control apparatus, a valve | bulb, and a pressure sensor. It is a figure which simplifies and shows the structure of the blood purification circuit at the time of priming which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, and the positional relationship of the pump of a blood purification control apparatus, a valve | bulb, and a pressure sensor. In this Embodiment, it is a figure which shows the procedure of the automatic priming which a blood purification control apparatus performs when the automatic priming mode is selected. It is a figure which shows collectively the state of the circuit in each procedure at the time of priming of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 1 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 2 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 3 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 4 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 5 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 6 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 7 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 8 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state 9 among the states at the time of priming of the blood purification circuit which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the flow of the priming liquid in the blood circuit which concerns on this Embodiment at the time of recirculation. It is a figure which simplifies and shows the structure of the blood purification circuit at the time of priming which concerns on one modification of this invention, and the positional relationship of the pump of a blood purification control apparatus, a valve | bulb, and a pressure sensor.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Blood purification control apparatus 12 Input part 14 Display part 16 Mode reception part 20 Blood pump 22 Dialysis pump 24 Filtrate pump 26 Supplementary liquid pump 30 Supply valve 32 Filtrate valve 34 Return valve 36 Priming liquid discharge valve 40 Filtrate pressure sensor 42 Blood Removal Sensor 44 Inflow Pressure Sensor 46 Exhaust Pressure Sensor 48 Control Method Storage Unit 49 Control Unit 50 First Supply Pack 52 Second Supply Pack 54 Filtrate Pack 56 Filter 56 Return Chamber 60 Recirculation Chamber 62 Liquid supply branch pipe 64 Rapid replacement liquid branch pipe 66 Anticoagulation branch pipe 68a, 68b Blood removal side joint 70a, 70b Blood return side joint 72 First liquid supply line 74 Second liquid supply line 76 Dialysate line 78 Filtrate line 80 Waste liquid Line 82 Fluid replacement line 84 First blood removal line 86 Priming fluid discharge (Rapid replacement fluid) line 88 second blood removal line 89 third blood removal line 90 anticoagulant (bypass) line 92 first blood return line 94 second blood return line 96 first circulation line 98 second circulation line 100, 102 Waste liquid tank

Claims (11)

A blood circuit for purifying blood with a filter,
A blood removal line having one end connected to the blood inlet of the filter;
A return line connected at one end to the blood outlet of the filter;
A bypass line that reduces the difference between the pressure of the priming fluid flowing through the blood removal line and the pressure of the priming fluid flowing through the blood return line;
A valve provided in the blood return line;
And a communication line connected between the blood outlet of the filter and the valve in the blood return line, and for injecting a priming solution from the blood outlet of the filter to the filter. Blood circuit. The blood circuit according to claim 1, wherein the communication line is a communication line for injecting liquid into the blood return line from outside the blood circuit. The blood removal line has a pump attachment part to which a pump is attached in the middle thereof,
The blood return line has a valve attachment part to which the valve is attached in the middle thereof,
The bypass line is
One end is connected between the pump attachment portion of the blood removal line and the blood inlet of the filter, and the other end is connected between the other end of the blood removal line and the valve attachment portion,
Alternatively, one end is connected between the blood outlet of the filter of the blood return line and the valve mounting portion, and the other end is connected between the other end of the blood removal line and the pump mounting portion. The blood circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The blood circuit according to claim 3, further comprising a circulation line having one end connected to the other end of the blood removal line and the other end connected to the other end of the blood return line. One end of the bypass line is connected between the pump attachment portion of the blood removal line and the blood inlet of the filter, and the other end is between the other end of the blood removal line and the valve attachment portion. The blood circuit according to claim 4, wherein the blood circuit is connected in the middle of the circulation line. The circulation line has a first chamber for trapping air bubbles in the priming liquid flowing from the blood removal line to the blood return line;
The blood circuit according to claim 4, wherein the other end of the bypass line is connected to a blood return line side of the first chamber. The blood circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the circulation line has a connection part that is removable from the blood removal line and the blood return line. The blood return line has a second chamber for trapping air bubbles in the blood derived from the filter;
The blood circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the one end of the bypass line is connected to the filter side of the second chamber. The blood circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the bypass line has a larger flow path resistance than other lines constituting the blood circuit. The blood circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the bypass line has a connection part that can be removed from the connected line at either one of both ends. Furthermore, one end is connected to the other end of the blood removal line, and the other end includes a circulation line connected to the other end of the blood return line,
The bypass line is detachably connected to the circulation line at one end, and is removed from the circulation line by reducing the difference between the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood removal line and the pressure of the priming liquid flowing through the blood return line. The blood circuit according to claim 10, wherein the blood circuit can be attached to an anticoagulant injecting device for injecting an anticoagulant in the event of an accident.

Images