JP5250026B2 - ヒダントインで修飾したメラノコルチン受容体リガンド - Google Patents
ヒダントインで修飾したメラノコルチン受容体リガンド Download PDFInfo
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- JP5250026B2 JP5250026B2 JP2010509408A JP2010509408A JP5250026B2 JP 5250026 B2 JP5250026 B2 JP 5250026B2 JP 2010509408 A JP2010509408 A JP 2010509408A JP 2010509408 A JP2010509408 A JP 2010509408A JP 5250026 B2 JP5250026 B2 JP 5250026B2
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- cys
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- hydantoin
- trp
- phe
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- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/665—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans derived from pro-opiomelanocortin, pro-enkephalin or pro-dynorphin
- C07K14/68—Melanocyte-stimulating hormone [MSH]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/50—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link
- C07K7/54—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link with at least one abnormal peptide link in the ring
- C07K7/56—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link with at least one abnormal peptide link in the ring the cyclisation not occurring through 2,4-diamino-butanoic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
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Description
1種類以上のメラノコルチン受容体を活性化するアゴニスト、アンタゴニストまたは他のリガンド化合物は、その必要がある対象またはそのリスクをもつ対象において、下記を含めた広範な適応症を処置するのに有用であろう;急性および慢性の炎症性疾患、例えば全般的炎症(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、炎症性腸疾患(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004)); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、脳炎症(Catania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、敗血症(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、および敗血症性ショック(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、自己免疫性の要素を含む疾患、例えばリウマチ性関節炎(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、痛風性関節炎(Catania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004); およびGetting, S. J. et al., Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs, 2:1064-9 (2001))、および多発性硬化症(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004))、体重増加を伴う代謝性疾患および病的状態、例えば肥満症(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); U.S. Patent No. 6,600,015 (Chen et al., 2003); Fehm, H. L. et al., J. Clin. Endo. & Metab., 86:1144-8 (2001); Hansen, M. J. et al., Brain Res., 1039:137-45 (2005); Ye, Z. et al., Peptides, 26:2017-25 (2005); Farooqi, I. S. et al., N.E. J Med., 348:1085-95 (2003); MacNeil, D. J. et al., Eu. J. Pharm., 44:141-57 (2002); MacNeil, D. J. et al., Euro. J. Pharm., 450:93-109 (2002); Kask, A. et al., NeuroReport, 10:707-11 (1999); Schwartz, M. W., J. Clin. Invest., 108:963-4 (2001); Gura, T., Science, 287:1738-40 (2000); Raffin-Sanson, M. L., Euro. J. Endo., 144:207-8 (2001); およびHamilton, B. S. et al., Obesity Res.,10:182-7 (2002))、摂食障害(U.S. Patent No. 6,720,324 (Marzabadi et al., 2004); Fehm, H. L. et al., J. Clin. Endo. & Metab., 86:1144-8 (2001); およびPontillo, J. et al., Bioorganic & Med. Chem. Ltrs., 15:2541-6 (2005))、およびプラダー−ウィリ症候群(Prader-Willi Syndrome)(GE, Y. et al., Brain Res., 957:42-5 (2002))、体重減少を伴う代謝性の疾患および病的状態、例えば食欲低下(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); およびWisse, B. R. et al., Endocrinology, 142:3292-301 (2001))、食欲異常亢進(U.S. Patent No. 6,720,324 (Marzabadi et al., 2004))、AIDS衰弱(Marsilje, T. H. et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 14:3721-5 (2004); およびMarkison, S. et al., Endocrinology, 146:2766-73 (2005))、悪液質(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); Lechan, R. M. et al., Endocrinology, 142:3288-91 (2001); およびPontillo, J. et al., Bioorganic & Med. Chem. Ltrs., 15:2541-6 (2005))、癌性悪液質(U.S. Patent No. 6,639,123 (Van der Ploeg et al., 2003))、および虚弱質高齢者における衰弱(U.S. Patent No. 6,639,123 (Van der Ploeg et al., 2003))、糖尿病(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004))ならびに糖尿病関連の状態および合併症、例えば網膜障害(U.S. Patent No. 6,525,019 (D'Amato, 2003)、新生物増殖(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004))、例えば皮膚癌(Sturm, R. A., Melanoma Res., 12:405-16 (2002); およびBastiens, M. T. et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet., 68:884-94 (2001))、および前立腺癌(Luscombe, C. J. et al., British J. Cancer, 85:1504-9 (2001))、生殖または性的な病的状態、例えば雌性における子宮内膜症(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004))および子宮出血(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003))、性的機能障害(U.S. Patent No. 6,720,324 (Marzabadi et al., 2004); Van der Ploeg, L. H. T. et al., PNAS, 99:11381-6 (2002), Molinoff, P. B. et al., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 994:96-102 (2003), およびHopps, C. V. et al., B.J.U. Int'l., 92:534-8 (2003))、勃起機能障害((U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); Diamond, L. E. et al., Urology, 65:755-9 (2005); Wessells, H. et al., Int'l. J. Impotence Res., 12:S74-9 (2000); Andersson, K-E. et al., Int'l. J. Impotence Res., 14:S82-S92 (2002); Bertolini, A. et. al., Sexual Behavior: Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Raven Press, NY, p 247-57 (1975); Wessells, H. et al., Neuroscience, 118:755-62 (2003); Wessells, H. et al., Urology, 56:641-6 (2000); Shadiack, A. M. et al., Soc. for Neuroscience Abst, (2003); Wessells, H. et al., J. Urology, 160:389-93 (1998); Rosen, R. C. et al., Int'l. J. Impotence Res., 16:135-42 (2004); およびWessells, H. et al., Peptides, 26:1972-7 (2005))、ならびに雌性における性的応答減退(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004); およびFourcroy, J. L., Drugs, 63:1445-57 (2003))、生体に対する処置または傷害から生じる疾患または状態、例えば臓器移植拒絶(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、虚血および再潅流傷害(Mioni, C. et al., Euro. J. Pharm., 477:227-34 (2003); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、脊髄損傷の処置および創傷治癒促進のための処置(Sharma H. S. et al., Acta. Nerochir. Suppl., 86:399-405 (2003); Sharma H.S., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 1053: 407-21 (2005); およびU.S. Patent No. 6,525,019 (D'Amato, 2003))、ならびに化学療法、放射線療法、一時的または永続的な固定により起きる体重減少(Harris, R. B. et al., Physiol. Behav., 73:599-608 (2001))、または透析により起きる体重減少、心血管の疾患または状態、例えば出血性ショック(Catania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、心原性ショック(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003))、低血液量性ショック(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003))、心血管障害(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003))、および心性悪液質(Markison, S. et al., Endocrinology, 146:2766-73 (2005))、肺の疾患または状態、例えば急性呼吸窮迫症候群(U.S. Patent No. 6,350,430 (Dooley et al., 2002); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004))、喘息(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004))および肺線維症、免疫寛容の増強(Luger, T. A. et al., Pathobiology, 67:318-21 (1999))、および免疫系に対する攻撃、例えば特定のアレルギー(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004))または増殖移植拒絶(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004)); およびCatania, A. et al., Pharm. Rev., 56:1-29 (2004))に関連するものへの対処、皮膚の疾患および状態、例えば乾癬(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004))、皮膚色素産生喪失(U.S. Patent No. 6,713,487 (Yu et al., 2004); およびYe, Z. et al., Peptides, 26:2017-25 (2005))、アクネ(Hatta, N. et al., J. Invest. Dermatol., 116:564-70 (2001); およびBohm, M. et al., J. Invest. Dermatol., 118:533-9 (2002))、ケロイド形成(U.S. Patent No. 6,525,019 (D'Amato, 2003))および皮膚癌(Sturm, R.A., Melanoma Res., 12:405-16 (2002); およびBastiens, M. T. et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet., 68:884-94 (2001))の処置、行動、中枢神経系または神経の状態または障害、例えば不安(U.S. Patent No. 6,720,324 (Marzabadi et al., 2003); およびPontillo, J. et al., Bioorganic & Med. Chem. Ltrs., 15:2541-6 (2005))、抑うつ(Chaki, S. et al., Peptides, 26:1952-64 (2005), Bednarek, M. A. et al., Expert Opinion Ther. Patents, 14:327-36 (2004); およびU.S. Patent No. 6,720,324 (Marzabadi et al., 2003))、記憶および記憶機能障害(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); およびVoisey, J. et al., Curr. Drug Targets, 4:586-97 (2003))、痛覚の調節(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003); Bertolini, A. et al., J. Endocrinol. Invest., 4:241-51 (1981); およびVrinten, D. et al., J. Neuroscience, 20:8131-7 (2000))、および神経障害性疼痛の処置(Pontillo, J. et al., Bioorganic & Med. Chem. Ltrs., 15:2541-6 (2005))、アルコール摂取、アルコール乱用および/またはアルコール中毒に関連する状態および疾患(WO 05/060985 (Marsh et al., 2005); およびNavarro, M. et al., Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res., 29:949-57 (2005))、ならびに腎臓の状態または疾患、例えば腎性悪液質(Markison, S. et al., Endocrinology, 146:2766-73 (2005))またはナトリウム排泄増加(U.S. Patent No. 6,613,874 (Mazur et al., 2003))の処置。
式(I)による化合物の好ましい態様であって、以下、グループIの化合物と呼ぶ化合物において、
Xは、-CH2-S-S-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-S-S-CH2-、-CH2-S-S-C(CH3)2-、-C(CH3)2-S-S-C(CH3)2-、-(CH2)2-S-S-CH2-、-CH2-S-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-S-S-(CH2)2-、-C(CH3)2-S-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-S-S-C(CH3)2、-(CH2)t-C(O)-NR8-(CH2)r-および-(CH2)r-NR8-C(O)-(CH2)t-からなる群から選択され;
R1およびR2はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)アルキルであり;
R3は、-OHまたは-NH2であり;
R4およびR5はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)アルキルであり;
X1は、
A1は、His、2-Pal、3-Pal、4-Pal、(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)Phe、Taz、2-Thi、3-Thiであり、あるいは欠失しており;
A2は、D-Bal、D-1-Nal、D-2-Nal、D-PheまたはD-(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)Pheであり;
A3は、Arg、hArg、Dab、Dap、LysまたはOrnであり;
A4は、Bal、1-Nal、2-Nal、(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)PheまたはTrpであり;
R6およびR7はそれぞれ、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキル、(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキル、アリール(C1-C5)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキルまたは置換アリール(C1-C5)アルキルであり、ただしR6とR7は互いに結合して環状部分を形成していてもよく;
R8は、H、(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)アルキルであり;
rは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1、2、3、4または5であり;
tは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1または2である。
Xは、-CH2-S-S-CH2-および-(CH2)2-S-S-CH2-からなる群から選択され;
rは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1、2、3、4または5であり;
tは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1または2であり;
R1、R2、R4およびR5は、それぞれHであり;
X1は、下記からなる群から選択され:
A2は、D-1-Nal、D-2-NalまたはD-Pheであり;
A3は、Argであり;
A4は、Bal、1-Nal、2-NalまたはTrpである。
X1は
A2は、D-PheまたはD-2-Nalであり;
A4は、Trpである。
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cys-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:1)
yclo[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(hCys-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:2)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cys-D-Ala))-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:1)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(hCys-D-Ala))-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:2)
このグループのうち化合物シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cys-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQ ID NO:1)またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が最も好ましい。
Xは、-(CH2)t-C(O)-NR6-(CH2)r-および-(CH2)r-NR6-C(O)-(CH2)t-からなる群から選択され;
rは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1、2、3、4または5であり;
tは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1または2であり;
R1、R2、R4およびR5は、それぞれHであり;
R3は、NH2であり;
X1は、下記からなる群から選択され:
A2は、D-1-Nal、D-2-NalまたはD-Pheであり;
A3は、Argであり;
A4は、Bal、1-Nal、2-NalまたはTrpである。
Xは、-(CH2)t-C(O)-NR6-(CH2)r-であり;
tは、1であり;
rは、1であり;
X1は、下記からなる群から選択され:
A2は、D-Pheであり;
A3は、Argであり;
A4は、Bal、1-Nal、2-NalまたはTrpである。
X1は
R6は、メチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチル、好ましくはメチルまたはプロピルである。グループI(G)と分類する具体例には、下記のものまたはその医薬的に許容できる塩が含まれる:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:3)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Orn]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:4)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dab]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:4)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dap]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:4);
好ましくはシクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Orn]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:4)またはシクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dap]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:4)。
X1は
A2は、D-2-NalまたはD-Pheであり;
R6は、メチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチル、好ましくはプロピルである;これらをグループI(H)の化合物と呼び、これには下記のグループI(I)の化合物またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が含まれる:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-His))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:5)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-His))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:5)。
X1は、下記からなる群から選択され:
R6は、メチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチル、好ましくはプロピルである。グループIHの化合物の具体例、すなわちグループI(M)の化合物は、下記のものまたはその医薬的に許容できる塩である:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A3c))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:6)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A5c))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:7)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A6c))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:8)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A3c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:6)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A5c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:7)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A6c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:8)。
さらに好ましいものは、A2がD-2-Nalであり、R6がメチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチル、好ましくはプロピルであるもの;またはその医薬的に許容できる塩である(グループI(N)クラス);これには下記のグループI(O)の例またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が含まれる:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A3c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:6)
シクロ[ヒダントイン (C(O)-(Asp-A5c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:7)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A6c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:8)。
X1は、下記からなる群から選択され:
R6は、メチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチル、好ましくはプロピルである。下記のグループI(Q)の化合物またはその医薬的に許容できる塩は好ましい例である:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-Aic))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:9)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-Apc))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:10)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-Aic))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:9)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-Apc))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:10)
A2にD-2-Nalをもち、かつR6がメチルである化合物が最も好ましい(グループI(R)):これは、例えばシクロ[ヒダントイン-(C(O)-(Asp-Aic))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2(SEQ ID NO:9)およびシクロ[ヒダントイン-(C(O)-(Asp-Apc))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2(SEQ ID NO:10)(グループI(S))にみられる。
Xは、-(CH2)t-C(O)-NR6-(CH2)r-であり;
tは、1であり;
rは、2であり;
X1は
A1は、Hisであり;
A2は、D-Pheであり;
A3は、Argであり;
A4は、Trpであり;
R6は、メチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチルである。具体例(グループI(T))には下記のもの、またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が含まれる:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Orn]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:11)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dab]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:11)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dap]-NH2,(SEQ ID NO:11)
特に、シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dap]-NH2(SEQ ID NO:11)(グループI(V))またはその医薬的に許容できる塩。
X1は
A1は、欠失しており;
A2は、D-Pheであり;
A3は、Argであり;
R6は、メチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチルである;シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-His))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dap]-NH2(SEQ ID NO:12)(グループI(X))またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が好ましい。
X1は、
X2は、
A1は、Asp、Cys、D-Cys、Dab、Dap、Glu、Lys、Orn、PenまたはD-Penであり;
A2は、L-またはD-アミノ酸であり;
A3は、His、2-Pal、3-Pal、4-Pal、(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)Phe、Taz、2-Thiまたは3-Thiであり;
A4は、D-Bal、D-1-Nal、D-2-Nal、D-PheまたはD-(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)Pheであり;
A5は、Arg、hArg、Dab、Dap、LysまたはOrnであり;
A6は、Bal、1-Nal、2-Nal、(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)PheまたはTrpであり;
A7は、Asp、Cys、D-Cys、Dab、Dap、Glu、Lys、Orn、PenまたはD-Penであり;
R1は、H、(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)アルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキル、(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキル、アリール(C1-C5)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキルまたは置換アリール(C1-C5)アルキルであり、あるいはR2とR3は互いに融合して環状部分を形成していてもよく;
R4は、CO2HまたはC(O)NH2であり;
R5およびR6はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキル、(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキル、アリール(C1-C5)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキルまたは置換アリール(C1-C5)アルキルであり、あるいはR5とR6は互いに融合して環状部分を形成していてもよく;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキル、(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキル、アリール(C1-C5)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキルまたは置換アリール(C1-C5)アルキルであり、あるいはR7とR8は互いに融合して環状部分を形成していてもよく;
R9は、H、(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)アルキルであり;
nは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1、2、3、4、5、6または7である。
A2は、D-Ala、Asn、Asp、GlnまたはGluであり;
R5およびR6はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキル、(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキル、置換(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキルであり、あるいはR5とR6は互いに融合して環状部分を形成していてもよく;
R7およびR8はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキル、(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキル、置換(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキルであり;
またはその医薬的に許容できる塩であり;
R1、R2、R3およびR9はそれぞれ、独立して、Hであり;
R4は、C(O)NH2であり;
A1は、Cysであり;
A2は、D-AlaまたはGluであり;
A3は、Hisであり;
A4は、D-2-NalまたはD-Pheであり;
A5は、Argであり;
A6は、Trpであり;
A7は、CysまたはPenである。
R1、R2、R3およびR9はそれぞれ、独立して、Hであり;
R4は、C(O)NH2であり;
R5およびR6はそれぞれ、独立して、H、メチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、n-ブチル、イソブチル、sec-ブチル、tert-ブチルまたは(CH2)-NH-C(N)-NH2であり;
R7は、Hであり;
R8は、メチルであり;
R9は、Hである。
グループII(B)の好ましい化合物(グループII(C))には、下記の化合物またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が含まれる:
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:13)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:14)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:15)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:16)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:17)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:18)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:19)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:20)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Ala-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:21)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:22)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:23)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ile-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:24)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:25)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:15)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:14)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:26)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:13)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:27)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:28)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:27)または
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2(SEQ ID NO:28)。
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:14)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:15)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:16)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:17)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:18)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:19)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:20)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Ala-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:21)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:22)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:23)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ile-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:24)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:25)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:26)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:13)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:28)または
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:27)、特にヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2(SEQ ID NO:13)(グループII(F))またはその医薬的に許容できる塩。
R1、R2、R3およびR9はそれぞれ、独立して、Hであり;
R4は、C(O)NH2であり;
R5およびR6はそれぞれ、独立してH、メチル、イソプロピル、イソブチルであり、あるいは互いに融合してシクロヘキシルまたはCH2-シクロヘキシルを形成しており;
R7は、Hであり;
R8は、n-プロピルであり;
R9は、Hであり;
A1は、Cysであり;
A2は、D-AlaまたはGluであり;
A3は、Hisであり;
A4は、D-2-NalまたはD-Pheであり;
A5は、Argであり;
A6は、Trpであり;
A7は、CysまたはPenである。
このサブクラスからの例であって、グループII(H)と呼ぶ化合物には、下記の化合物またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が含まれる:
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:29)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:30)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:31)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(A6c-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:32)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:33)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:34)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Ala-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:35)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:36)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:37)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cha-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:38)または
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:39)。
グループIII(H)のより好ましい化合物(以下、グループII(I))は下記の例またはその医薬的に許容できる塩である:
A2は、D-Alaであり;
A4は、D-Pheであり;
A7は、Cysである。
この好ましいクラスからの具体的化合物(グループII(J))には、下記の化合物またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が含まれる:
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(A6c-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:32)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Ala-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:35)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:36)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:37)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cha-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:38)または
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:39)。
A1は、Cysであり;
A2は、D-AlaまたはGluであり;
A3は、Hisであり;
A4は、D-2-NalまたはD-Pheであり;
A5は、Argであり;
A6は、Trpであり;
A7は、CysまたはPenであり;
R1、R2、R3、R6、R7およびR9はそれぞれ、独立して、Hであり;
R8は、(CH2)3-NH-C(N)-NH2であり;
ただし、R4はC(O)NH2であり、かつR5はHであるか、あるいはR5はC(O)NH2であり、かつR4はHである。このサブクラスに属する好ましいグループII(L)の化合物には、下記のものまたはその医薬的に許容できる塩が含まれる:
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:40)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:40)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:41)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:41)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-D-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:42)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-D-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:42)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-D-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:43)および
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-D-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:43)。
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:40)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:41)
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-D-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:42)および
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-D-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:43)。
Xは、-CH2-S-S-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-S-S-CH2-、-CH2-S-S-C(CH3)2-、-C(CH3)2-S-S-C(CH3)2-、-(CH2)2-S-S-CH2-、-CH2-S-S-(CH2)2、-(CH2)2-S-S-(CH2)2-、-C(CH3)2-S-S-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)2-S-S-C(CH3)2-、-(CH2)t-C(O)-NR8-(CH2)r-および-(CH2)r-NR8-C(O)-(CH2)t-からなる群から選択され;
R1およびR5はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)アルキルであり;
R4は、-OHまたは-NH2であり;
R6およびR7はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)アルキルであり;
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキル、(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキル、アリール(C1-C5)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)アルキル、置換(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキルまたは置換アリール(C1-C5)アルキルであり、あるいはR2とR3は互いに融合して環状部分を形成していてもよく;
A1は、L-またはD-アミノ酸であり、あるいは欠失しており;
A2は、His、2-Pal、3-Pal、4-Pal、(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)Phe、Taz、2-Thiまたは3-Thiであり;
A3は、D-Bal、D-1-Nal、D-2-Nal、D-PheまたはD-(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)Pheであり;
A4は、Arg、hArg、Dab、Dap、LysまたはOrnであり;
A5は、Bal、1-Nal、2-Nal、(X1,X2,X3,X4,X5)PheまたはTrpであり;
rは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1、2、3、4または5であり;
tは、そのそれぞれの場合独立して、1または2である;
またはその医薬的に許容できる塩。
A1は、Ala、D-Ala、Asn、Asp、Gln、GluまたはGlyである。
Xは、-CH2-S-S-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-S-S-CH2-および-(CH2)2-S-S-CH2-からなる群から選択され;
A1は、D-AlaまたはGluであり;
A2は、Hisであり;
A3は、D-Pheであり;
A4は、Argであり;
A5は、Trpであり;
R1、R5、R6およびR7はそれぞれ、独立して、Hであり;
R2およびRはそれぞれ、独立して、H、(C1-C10)アルキル、(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキル、置換(C1-C10)アルキルまたは置換(C1-C10)ヘテロアルキルであり、あるいはR2とR3は互いに融合して環状部分を形成していてもよく;
Rは、NH2である。
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:46)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:45)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Ala-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:47)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:48)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:49)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Abu-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:50)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:51)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ile-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:52)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cha-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:53)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(A6c-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:54)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Phe-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:55)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:56)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Cys))-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:57)。
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:48)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:49)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:51)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ile-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:52)
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(A6c-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:54)または
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Cys))-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQ ID NO:57)。
本発明の他の目的、利点および特徴は、添付の図面と合わせて以下の記載および特許請求の範囲の記載から明らかになるであろう。
以下は本明細書中で用いる用語の定義である。ある基または用語についてここに示す最初の定義は、別途指示しない限り本明細書全体において、個々のまたは他の基の一部としてのその基または用語に適用される。別途定義しない限り、本明細書中で用いるすべての技術用語および科学用語は本発明が属する技術分野の当業者に一般に理解されているものと同じ意味をもつ。
用語”ハロ”または”ハロゲン”は、塩素、臭素、フッ素およびヨウ素を表わす。別途指示しない限り、ハロアルキル、ハロアルコキシまたはハロアルキルチオ基は1個以上のハロ原子を含み、それらのハロ原子は同一でも異なってもよい。
用語”スルホニル”は、スルホキシド基(すなわち―S(O)1-2―)が有機基に結合したものを表わし、有機基には前記に定めたアルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、置換アルキル、置換アルケニル、または置換アルキニル基が含まれる。スルホキシド基が結合している有機基は、一価(例えば―SO2-アルキル)、または二価(例えば―SO2-アルキレンなど)であってもよい。
-NH-C(R)(R')-CO-
ここで、RおよびR'はそれぞれ、独立して水素またはアミノ酸の側鎖であり(例えば、AlaについてはR = CH3およびR' = H)であり、あるいはRとR'は結合して環系を形成していてもよい。N−末端アミノ酸については、略号は下記の構造を表わす。
用語および略語
記号 意味
Acc 1-アミノ-1-シクロ(C3-C9)アルキルカルボン酸、例えば:
A3c 1-アミノ-1-シクロプロパンカルボン酸
A4c 1-アミノ-1-シクロブタンカルボン酸
A5c 1-アミノ-1-シクロペンタンカルボン酸
A6c 1-アミノ-1-シクロヘキサンカルボン酸
Aha 7-アミノヘプタン酸
Ahx 6-アミノヘキサン酸
Aib α-アミノイソ酪酸
Aic 2-アミノインダン-2-カルボン酸
AlaまたはA アラニン
β-Ala ベータ-アラニン
Apc 次の構造を意味する:
ArgまたはR アルギニン
hArg ホモアルギニン
AsnまたはN アスパラギン
AspまたはD アスパラギン酸
Bal 3-ベンゾチエニルアラニン
Bip 4,4'-ビフェニルアラニン、次の構造により表される
4-Br-Phe 4-ブロモ-フェニルアラニン
Cha β-シクロヘキシルアラニン
hCha ホモ-シクロヘキシルアラニン
Chg シクロヘキシルグリシン
CysまたはC システイン
hCys ホモシステイン
Dab 2,4-ジアミノ酪酸
Dap 2,3-ジアミノプロピオン酸
Dip β,β-ジフェニルアラニン
Doc 次の構造を有する8-アミノ-3,6-ジオキサオクタン酸:
Gaba 4-アミノ酪酸
GlnまたはQ グルタミン
GluまたはE グルタミン酸
GlyまたはG グリシン
HisまたはH ヒスチジン
3-Hyp トランス-3-ヒドロキシ-L-プロリン、すなわち、(2S, 3S)-3-ヒドロキシピロリジン-2-カルボン酸
4-Hyp 4-ヒドロキシプロリン、すなわち、(2S, 4R)-4-ヒドロキシピロリジン-2-カルボン酸
IleまたはI イソロイシン
LeuまたはL ロイシン
hLeu ホモロイシン
LysまたはK リシン
MetまたはM メチオニン
β-hMet β-ホモメチオニン
1-Nal β-(1-ナフチル)アラニン:
2-Nal β-(2-ナフチル)アラニン
Nip ニペコチン酸
Nle ノルロイシン
Oic オクタヒドロインドール-2-カルボン酸
Orn オルニチン
2-Pal β-(2-ピリジル)アラニン
3-Pal β-(3-ピリジル)アラニン
4-Pal β-(4-ピリジル)アラニン
Pen ペニシラミン
PheまたはF フェニルアラニン
hPhe ホモフェニルアラニン
ProまたはP プロリン
hPro ホモプロリン
SerまたはS セリン
Tle tert-ロイシン
Taz β-(4-チアゾリル)アラニン
2-Thi β-(2-チエニル)アラニン
3-Thi β-(3-チエニル)アラニン
ThrまたはT スレオニン
TrpまたはW トリプトファン
TyrまたはY チロシン
D-(Et)Tyr は次の構造を有する
例えば”D-Nal”または”D-Phe”におけるような、上記の3文字略語の前の文字”D”は、アミノ酸のD体を意味する。アミノ酸3文字略語の前の文字”L”は、アミノ酸の天然のL体を意味する。この開示では、別途示さない限り、”D”または”L”の指定が無いことは、略語がL体を指すことを示す。一般的な1文字略語が用いられる場合、別途示さない限り、大文字使用はL体を指し、小文字の指定はD体を指す。
"ヒダントインC(O)-(Aa-Ab)"は次の構造を意味する:
例えば、"シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cys-Ab))-A1-A2-A3-A4-Cys]-"として表される化合物は、次の構造を有するであろう:
は次の化合物を表し:
本明細書で用いられる”MC-3アゴニスト”、”MC-4アゴニスト”、”MC-5アゴニスト”は、それぞれMC-3受容体、MC-4受容体またはMC-5受容体に親和性を持ち、結果としてMC-3、MC-4またはMC-5受容体を含む細胞、組織、または生物において測定可能な生物学的活動をもたらす化合物を指す。化合物のMC-3/MC-4/MC-5アゴニスト活性を示すアッセイは当分野で周知である。
”医薬的に許容できる塩”は、いずれかの酸性の(カルボン酸)基において形成される陽イオンとの塩、またはいずれかの塩基性の(例えばアミノ)基において形成される陰イオンとの塩であり、それは当分野で既知であり、本明細書に援用するWO 87/05297 (Johnston et al., 1987)において記述されているようなものである。好ましい陽イオンとの塩類には、アルカリ金属塩類(例えばナトリウムおよびカリウム)、およびアルカリ土類金属塩類(例えばマグネシウムおよびカルシウム)および有機性の塩類が含まれる。好ましい陰イオンとの塩類には、ハロゲン化物(例えば塩化物塩類)、スルホン酸塩類、カルボン酸塩類、リン酸塩類、および同様のものが含まれる。その塩類の中で明らかに熟慮されるのは、以前はそれが無かった所に光学中心を与えることのできる付加塩類(addition salts)である。例えば、本発明の化合物からキラルな酒石酸塩を製造することができ、この定義はそのキラルな塩類を含む。当業者は当分野の知識を与えられれば何種類の塩類でも製造することができる。さらに、当業者は可溶性、安定性、配合の容易さおよび同様の理由から、ある塩を別のものより好んでよい。その塩類の決定および最適化は、当業者の習慣の範囲内である。
本発明のペプチドは、標準的な固相ペプチド合成により製造することができる。例えば、Stewart, J. M., et al., Solid Phase Synthesis, (Pierce Chemical Co.,第2版、1984)を参照。出発物質は商業的に入手できる、または当業者は既知の方法を用いてそれをすぐに製造することができる。当業者は溶媒、温度、圧力および他の反応条件をすぐに選択することができる。
示した工程は、望まれる生成物の収率を増大させるために変更されてよい。当業者は、反応物、溶媒、および温度の慎重な選択があらゆる成功した合成における重要な構成要素であることを認めるであろう。最適条件の決定は型にはまった手順であり、従って当業者は下記の記述の手引きを用いて様々な化合物を作ることができる。
Ac: アシル基、すなわちCH3C(=O)-
Boc: tert-ブチルオキシカルボニル
Bzl: ベンジル
DCM: ジクロロメタン
DIC: N,N-ジイソプロピルカルボジイミド
DIPEA: ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
Dmab: 4-[N-(1-(4,4-ジメチル-2,6-ジオキソシクロヘキシリデン)-3-メチルブチル)-アミノ]ベンジル
DMAP: 4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン
DMF ジメチルホルムアミド
DNP: 2,4-ジニトロフェニル
DTT: ジチオスレイトール
Fm: フルオレニルメチル
Fmoc: フルオレニルメチルオキシカルボニル
For: ホルミル
HATU: O-(7-アザベンゾチアゾール-1-イル)-N,N,N',N'-テトラメチルウロニウム-ヘキサフルオロホスフェート
HBTU: 2-(1H-ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イル)-1,1,3,3-テトラメチルウロニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート
cHex: シクロヘキシル
HOAT: O-(7-アザベンゾトリアゾール-1-イル)-1,1,3,3-テトラメチルウロニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート
HOBT: 1-ヒドロキシ-ベンゾトリアゾール水和物
MBHA: 4-メチルベンズヒドリルアミン
Mmt: 4-メトキシトリチル
Mtt: N-e-4-メチルトリチル
NMP: N-メチルピロリドン
ODmab: 4[N-[1-(4,4-ジメチル-2,6-ジオキソ-シクロヘキシリデン)-3-メチルブチル]-アミノ]ベンジルオキシ
O-tBu: オキシ-tert-ブチル
Pbf: 2,2,4,6,7-ペンタメチルジヒドロベンゾフラン-5-スルホニル
PyAoP: 7-アザベンゾトリアゾール-1-イルオキシトリス(ピロリジノ)ホスホニウム-ヘキサフルオロホスフェート
PyBroP: ブロモ-トリス-ピロリジノ-ホスホニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート
tBu: tert-ブチル
TIS: トリイソプロピルシラン
TOS: トシル
Trt: トリチル
TFA: トリフルオロ酢酸
TFFH: トラメチルフルオロホルムアミジニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート(tramethylfluoroforamidinium hexafluorophosphate)
Z: ベンジルオキシカルボニル。
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-His))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:5)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-His))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:61)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cys-D-Ala)-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:1)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C())-(Asp-His))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:5)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-Aic))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:9)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A5c))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:7)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A6c))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:8)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-Apc))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:10)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A3c))-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:6)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-Aic))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:9)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A5c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:7)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A6c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:8)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-Apc))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:10)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-A3c))-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:6)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C)(O)-(hCys-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:2)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:62)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:63)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:64)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:65)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Ala))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:66)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:67)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cys-D-Ala))-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:1)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:68)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Orn]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:11)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dab]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:11)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Glu-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dap]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:11)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:3)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Orn]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:4)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dab]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:4)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Asp-D-Ala))-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dap]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:4)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(A6c-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:69)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:46)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:45)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Ala-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:47)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:48)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:49)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Abu-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:50)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:51)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ile-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:52)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cha-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:53)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(A6c-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:54)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Phe-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:54)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:70)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:71)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Ala-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:72)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:73)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:74)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Cha-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:75)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:76)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Cys))-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:56)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:77)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:78)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:79)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:80)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:81)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Ala-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:82)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Aib-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:83)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:84)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ile-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:85)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Leu-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:86)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:63)それは次の構造を有する:(SEQ ID NO:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:62)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:87)それは次の構造を有する:
シクロ[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Cys))-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:57)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-D-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:88)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C)(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:89)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:90)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:91)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(D-Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:92)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Arg))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:94)それは次の構造を有する:
[ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys)]-NH2、(SEQ ID NO:91)それは次の構造を有する:
選択したそれらの化合物を、同一性および純度を確実にするための特性づけのために分析的HPLCおよびエレクトロスプレー質量分析の両方を行い、その結果を下記の表1に示す。
本発明の化合物は、他のメラノコルチン受容体と比較してMC-4に対して優先的に(すなわち選択的に)相互作用するであろう。化合物がヒトまたは他の動物に投与される場合、選択性はそれらの投与と関係する副作用の数を最小限にするために特に重要である。化合物のMC-4選択性を、本明細書では化合物のMC-1受容体に関するEC50(EC50-MC-1)の、化合物のMC-3/MC-4受容体に関するEC50(EC50-MC-3)/(EC50-MC-4)に対する比として定義し、EC50の値は上記で測定されたものである。式は次のようなものである:
MC-3選択性 = [EC50-MC-1]/[EC50-MC-3]
MC-4選択性 = [EC50-MC-1]/[EC50-MC-4]
上記の比”MC-3選択性”が少なくとも約10、好ましくは少なくとも約100、より好ましくは少なくとも約500である場合、化合物は本明細書において”MC-3受容体に選択的”であると定められる。
細胞内の環状AMP(cAMP)レベルを、電気化学発光(ECL)アッセイ(Meso Scale Discovery(登録商標)、メリーランド州ゲイサーズバーグ;以下"MSD"と呼ぶ)により測定した。hMC受容体亜型を安定して発現するCHO-K1細胞を、RMPI 1640(登録商標)アッセイ緩衝液(RMPI 1640緩衝液は、0.5 mMイソブチルメチルキサンチン(IBMX)および0.2%タンパク質カクテル(MSDブロッカーA)を含む)中に懸濁した。hMC受容体亜型1、3、4または5を安定して発現する、遺伝子導入したCHO-K1細胞を、おおよそ7,000細胞/ウェルの密度で、統合炭素電極(integrated carbon electrodes)を含み抗cAMP抗体でコートされた384ウェルMulti-Array(登録商標)プレート(MSD)の中に分配した。増大する濃度の試験化合物を添加し、細胞をおおよそ40分間、おおよそ37℃において保温した。この保温の後、0.2%タンパク質カクテルおよび2.5 nM TAG(商標)ルテニウム−標識cAMP (MSD)を含む溶解緩衝液(MgCl2およびTriton X-100(登録商標)を含むph 7.3のHEPES緩衝生理食塩水溶液)を添加し、細胞をおおよそ90分間室温で保温した。2回目の保温期間が終了したら、読み取り緩衝液(read buffer)(ECL共反応物およびTriton X-100を含むph 7.8のトリス緩衝溶液)を添加し、細胞溶解物中のcAMPレベルをすぐにECL検出により、Sector Imager 6000 reader(登録商標)(MSD)を用いて測定した。データをコンピューターの力を借りた非線形回帰分析(XL fit; IDBS)を用いて分析し、EC50値またはKb値のどちらかとして報告した。
選択した化合物を、上記で論じたアッセイを用いて試験し、選択した化合物に関するcAMPバイオアッセイのデータを表2A、2Bおよび2Cにおいて報告する。
生体外受容体結合アッセイのために用いた細胞膜は、hMC-R受容体亜型1、3、4または5を安定して発現する遺伝子導入したCHO-K1細胞から得た。目的のhMC-R受容体のタイプを発現するCHO-K1細胞を氷冷したpH 7.4の50 mM トリス-HCl中で超音波処理し(Branson(登録商標)設定7、おおよそ30秒間)、次いで39,000 gで10分間、おおよそ4℃において遠心分離した。ペレットを同じ緩衝液中で再懸濁し、50,000 gで10分間、おおよそ4℃において遠心分離した。細胞膜を含む洗浄したペレットをおおよそ-80℃で保管した。
本発明のメラノコルチン受容体に対するリガンドは、摂食および/または体重への影響に関して下記の手順に従って試験することができ、試験した。当業者は、本明細書で記述した手順に類似の手順を、本発明の化合物の摂食および/または体重への影響を分析するために用いてよいことを知っているであろう。
オスのSprague Dawleyラット(250g)を別個のケージに入れ、12:12時間の明暗条件下で維持した。ラットを、実験の開始の前に、水を適宜入手できるようにして18時間絶食させた。時間0の時点で、ラットに選択した化合物を、選択した用量、例えば500もしくは100 nmole/kgで、またはビヒクルを、皮下に(sc)注射し、飼料を与える。それぞれの飼料の消費を注射の約1,2,3,4,5および6時間後に計測する。
オスのSprague Dawleyラット(250g)を別個のケージに入れ、12:12時間の明暗条件下で維持した。飼料および水は、実験の間を通して適宜入手可能であった。時間0の時点で、ラットに化合物を8 μmole/kgの用量で、またはビヒクルのどちらかを、皮下に注射した。それぞれの飼料の消費を注射の約0.5、1、1.5、2、3および4時間後に計測した。選択した本発明の化合物に関するデータを図1において報告する。
オスのSprague Dawleyラット(250g)を別個のケージに入れ、12:12時間の明暗条件下で、飼料および水の両方を適宜入手できるようにして維持した。ラットに化合物を3x/日(0800、1200、および1600時間)において、皮下に、様々な用量で、またはビヒクルを、7日間注射した。それぞれの体重および飼料の消費を毎日計測した。選択した本発明の化合物に関するデータを図2A、2B、3A、3B、4Aおよび4Bにおいて報告する。
それらのMC-4および/またはMC-3受容体を刺激する、またはそれに関して拮抗する能力に基づき、本発明は、肥満および他の体重の障害(例えば、食思不振、病的飢餓、AIDS衰弱、虚弱な老人における衰弱、プラダー−ウィリ症候群)および悪液質(例えば、癌性悪液質、腎性悪液質、心性悪液質)を処置するための方法における本発明のリガンドの使用にも関する。本発明はさらに、行動(例えば、動機付け、不安、抑うつ、神経障害的な痛み)、記憶(学習を含む)、心血管機能(例えば心性悪液質)、肺の障害(例えば、急性呼吸窮迫症候群、肺線維症、慢性閉塞性肺疾患、喘息)、炎症(例えば、リウマチ性関節炎、痛風性関節炎、多発性硬化病)、敗血症ならびに敗血症性、心臓性および血液量減少性ショック、性的機能不全(例えば子宮内膜症、子宮出血)、勃起陰茎、筋萎縮、骨の発生、神経成長、防護および修復(脊髄損傷)、子宮内胎児成長、ならびに同様のものに関する障害の処置に関する。加えて、式(I)、(II)または(III)の化合物は、患者への傷害(insult)(例えば、臓器移植の拒絶反応、虚血および再潅流、外傷、創傷)または医薬的養生法(例えば化学療法、放射線療法、一時的または永久的な固定、透析)により引き起こされる体重の低下を改善することができる。正常な身体機能(例えば、卵巣および胎盤の発達、プロラクチンおよびFSHの分泌、分娩、精子形成、チロキシンの放出、アルドステロンの合成、体温、血圧、心拍、血管緊張、脳血流、血糖値、皮脂およびフェロモンの分泌)の調節が、特許請求される化合物を用いて可能である。
a. 安全かつ有効な量の式(I)、(II)または(III)の化合物;
および
b. 医薬的に許容できる賦形剤。
a)アンジオテンシン受容体遮断薬(ARB)、例えばロサルタン(losartan)、バルサルタン(valsartan)、テルミサルタン(telmisartan)、カンデサルタン(candesartan)、イルベサルタン(irbesartan)、エプロサルタン(eprosartan)、およびオルメサルタン(olmesartan);
b)カルシウムチャンネル遮断薬(CCB)、例えばアムロジピン(amlodipine);
c)スタチン類、例えばアトルバスタチン;
d) PDE5阻害薬、例えばシルデナフィル(sildenafil)、タダラフィル(tadalafil)、バルデナフィル(vardenafil)、5-[2-エトキシ-5-(4-エチルピペラジン-1-イルスルホニル)ピリジン-3-イル]-3-エチル-2-[2--メトキシエチル]-2,6-ジヒドロ-7H-ピラゾロ[4,3-d]ピリミジン-7-オン; 5-(5-アセチル-2-ブトキシ-3-ピリジニル)-3-エチル-2-(1-エチル-3-アゼチジニル)-2,6-ジ-ヒドロ-7H-ピラゾロ[4,3-d]ピリミジン-7-オンおよび;WO 00/27848において開示されているピラゾロ[4,3-d]ピリミジン-4-オン類、特にN-[[3-(4,7-ジヒドロ-1-メチル-7-オキソ-3-プロピル-1H-ピラゾロ[4,3-d]-ピリミジン-5- -イル)-4-プロポキシフェニル]スルホニル]-1-メチル2-ピロリジンプロパンアミド(N-[[3-(4,7-dihydro-1-methyl-7-oxo-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]-pyrimidin-5- -yl)-4-propxyphenyl]sulfonyl]-1-methyl2-pyrrolidinepropanamide)[DA-8159 (WO 00/27848の実施例68(Yoo et al., 2000))];
e)ベータ遮断薬、例えばアテノロール(atenolol)またはカルベジロール(carvedilol);
f) ACE阻害薬、例えばキナプリル(quinapril)、エナラプリル(enalapril)およびリシノプリル(lisinopril);
g)アルファ遮断薬、例えばドキサゾシン(doxazosin);
h)選択的アルドステロン受容体アンタゴニスト(SARA)、例えばエプレレノン(eplerenone)またはスピロノラクトン(spironolactone);
i)イミダゾリンI1アゴニスト、例えばリルメニジン(rilmenidine)またはモノキシジン(monoxidine);ならびに
j)エンドセリン受容体アンタゴニストおよびエンドセリン変換酵素阻害薬。
示したように、この発明の組成物は局所的にまたは全身的に投与することができる。全身的な適用には、式(I)、(II)または(III)の化合物を体の組織の中に導入するあらゆる方法、例えば関節内、クモ膜下、硬膜外、筋内、経皮、静脈内、腹膜内、皮下、舌下、直腸、経鼻、肺、および経口投与が含まれる。本発明の式(I)、(II)または(III)の化合物は、好ましくは全身的に、より好ましくは非経口で、最も好ましくは静脈内注射により投与される。
もちろん、前記の全てにおいて、本発明の化合物は単独で、または混合物として投与することができ、組成物はさらに適応に適した追加の薬物または賦形剤を含んでいてよい。
Claims (11)
- 下記の化合物からなる群から選ばれるメラノコルチン−4受容体リガンド化合物:
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Nle-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Ala-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Val-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;
ヒダントイン(C(O)-(Gly-Nle))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;
ヒダントイン (C(O)-(Nle-Ala))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2;
またはその医薬的に許容できる塩。 - 化合物がヒダントイン(C(O)-(Arg-Gly))-シクロ(Cys-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2またはその医薬的に許容できる塩である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 療法有効量の請求項1または2に記載の化合物またはその医薬的に許容できる塩、および医薬的に許容できるキャリヤーまたは希釈剤を含む、医薬組成物。
- 化合物またはその医薬的に許容できる塩が選択的メラノコルチン−4受容体アゴニストである、請求項3に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1または2に記載の化合物もしくはその医薬的に許容できる塩または請求項3または4に記載の組成物をメラノコルチン受容体と接触させることによってメラノコルチン受容体からのアゴニスト作用を誘発することにより疾患または病的状態を処置するための化合物または組成物であって、疾患または状態が下記からなる群:
体重増加を伴う代謝性の疾患または病的状態、肥満症、摂食障害およびプラダー−ウィリ症候群;および
糖尿病、糖尿病関連の状態および合併症および糖尿病性網膜障害、
から選択される化合物または組成物。 - 肥満症または摂食障害を処置する、請求項5に記載の化合物または組成物。
- 食欲を低下させ、体重を減少させ、または食欲および体重を減少させる、請求項5に記載の化合物または組成物。
- 糖尿病、糖尿病関連の状態および合併症および糖尿病性網膜障害を処置する、請求項5に記載の化合物または組成物。
- 下記からなる群から選択される疾患または状態:
体重増加を伴う代謝性の疾患または病的状態、肥満症、摂食障害およびプラダー−ウィリ症候群;および
糖尿病、糖尿病関連の状態および合併症および糖尿病性網膜障害、
を処置するのに有用な医薬の製造のための、療法有効量の請求項1または2に記載の化合物またはその医薬的に許容できる塩の使用。 - 医薬が食欲を低下させ、体重を減少させ、または食欲および体重を減少させる、請求項9に記載の使用。
- 医薬が糖尿病、糖尿病関連の状態および合併症および糖尿病性網膜障害を処置する、請求項9に記載の使用。
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EP2148692A2 (en) | 2010-02-03 |
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US20140011730A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
CA2689016A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
RU2009148318A (ru) | 2011-06-27 |
US20210163536A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
US8563000B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 |
JP2010528018A (ja) | 2010-08-19 |
CA2689016C (en) | 2014-08-12 |
TWI364290B (en) | 2012-05-21 |
EP2148692B1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
EP2148692A4 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
AR063279A1 (es) | 2009-01-21 |
WO2008147556A2 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
US20190062374A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
US20160176925A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
RU2450017C2 (ru) | 2012-05-10 |
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