JP5244576B2 - Foundation structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a basic structure using a wood material such as thinned wood.

  Conventionally, when providing a foundation structure on soft ground, a foundation structure is known that increases the load that can be mounted by reducing its own weight (see Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc.).

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a basic structure constructed by stacking foamed polystyrene blocks (EPS) having a specific gravity of about 0.6.

Patent Document 2 discloses a construction method for constructing a foundation structure by spreading and leveling a lightweight soil cement produced by mixing glassy foam, soil and cement.
JP 2006-348531 A JP 2000-144743 A

  However, the polystyrene block has a high material cost and is lighter than water, and therefore may rise when the underground water level in the buried ground rises. For this reason, when constructing a foundation using a polystyrene block, a countermeasure work for preventing the lifting is required separately.

  On the other hand, in recent years, there has been a movement to promote the appropriate cultivation of forests by forestry and to protect the global environment. For this reason, the effective use of thinned wood is desired. In other words, if thinned wood is properly traded as material, it will lead to the development of forestry and protect the forest.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a basic structure capable of effectively utilizing a wood material such as a thinned material and capable of reducing the weight.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the basic structure of the present invention is characterized in that it is formed of a long wooden material and a cement-based solidifying material filled around it.

  Further, it is a basic structure formed in a plurality of layers in the depth direction, and each layer is formed of a long wooden material and a cement-based solidifying material filled in the periphery thereof, and an upper layer and a lower layer It may be a direction in which the axial directions of the wood material intersect.

  Further, each layer is formed by combining a plurality of blocks, and an upper layer or a lower layer block is arranged above or below the joints of the blocks of each layer so that the wood material is bridged. You can also.

  Moreover, the structure by which the said wooden material was assembled in the planar view grid | lattice form may be sufficient. The wood material may include a long shaft material and a plurality of short shaft materials that are oriented in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the long shaft material and are arranged at intervals in the axial direction.

  Furthermore, it can also be set as the structure provided with the wooden pile by which a head is embed | buried under the said cement-type solidification material. Moreover, this wooden pile may be embed | buried in the cement-type solidification material.

  In the basic structure of the present invention configured as described above, a long wooden material is embedded in a cement-based solidified material.

  For this reason, a basic structure with a low specific gravity can be constructed by adjusting the ratio of the wood material. In addition, if the long wooden material is thinned, it can help the development of forestry.

  Furthermore, by adding a long woody material, the bending strength of the foundation structure and the load dispersion performance can be increased. Moreover, if the circumference | surroundings of a wooden material are covered with the cement-type solidification material, corrosion of a wooden material can be prevented.

  Moreover, if it is a layered basic structure, even if it becomes thick, a homogeneous structure can be constructed in the depth direction. Furthermore, the proof stress of several directions can be raised by changing the direction of the wood material of an upper layer and a lower layer.

  In addition, if each layer is formed by combining a plurality of blocks, it can be produced in advance and the desired strength can be expressed, so the waiting time at the site is reduced and the working time is shortened. Can do.

  Furthermore, if the wood material is assembled in a lattice shape in plan view, the same function as that of the two-way plate can be exhibited. In addition, by combining a long shaft material and a short shaft material, it is possible to cope with a long material in one direction.

  In addition, if the head of the wooden pile is embedded in the cement-based solidification material, it is possible to ensure that the overload is applied to the wooden pile and to prevent corrosion of the head of the wooden pile. .

  Furthermore, by embedding the wooden pile in the cement-based solidified material, the entire length of the wooden pile can be prevented and the supporting force can be increased.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the basic structure 1A of the present embodiment. Here, FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view of a structure in which the foundation structure 1A is used as a supporting base and the independent footing 31 is placed thereon, and FIG. 1B is a transverse sectional view of the foundation structure 1A. .

  The independent footing 31 is constructed in a square shape in plan view by the reinforcing bars 31a and the concrete 31b. The basic structure 1 </ b> A is formed in a square in plan view larger than the independent footing 31.

  First, in terms of configuration, this basic structure 1A is mainly composed of thinned materials 4,... As a woody material, and a soil cement mat portion 5 as a cement-based solidifying material filled therearound. .

  The thinned materials 4,... Are arranged in parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions at equal intervals and assembled into a lattice frame 40 having a lattice shape in plan view.

  On the other hand, the soil cement which comprises the soil cement mat part 5 is manufactured by mixing and stirring cement with earth and sand. As a method of manufacturing this soil cement, for example, a method of injecting and mixing cement milk while stirring the in-situ ground 2, a cement and a cement in a plant provided with excavated earth and sand excavating the in-situ ground 2 are provided. A method of mixing can be applied.

  Next, the operation of the basic structure 1A of the present embodiment will be described.

  In the basic structure 1 </ b> A of the present embodiment configured as described above, a long thinning material 4 is embedded in the soil cement mat portion 5.

  For this reason, the basic structure 1 </ b> A having a desired specific gravity can be constructed by adjusting the ratio between the thinned material 4 and the soil cement mat portion 5. For example, if the specific gravity is adjusted to be slightly larger than 1.0 depending on the volume of the thinned material 4 embedded in the foundation structure 1A, the foundation structure 1A will not rise even if the groundwater level 21 rises.

  In addition, since the foundation structure 1A capable of adjusting the specific gravity in this way can be made lighter than the reinforced concrete foundation structure and the ground 2 in the original position, even if constructed on the soft ground, it can suppress ground settlement. it can.

  Furthermore, if the thinned wood 4 is effectively used as a material, the thinned wood 4 can be traded as a product, and the forestry can be made independent and developed.

  Moreover, the bending proof stress as a plate | version | printing of foundation structure 1A can be increased by putting elongate thinning material 4. FIG. Furthermore, if the thinned materials 4,... Are assembled in a lattice frame 40 having a lattice shape in plan view, the same function as the two-way version can be exhibited.

  Further, if the thinning material 4 is added to increase the rigidity, the stress transmission function is increased, and the upper load can be widely dispersed and propagated to the lower ground 2.

  Furthermore, if the surroundings of the thinning material 4 are covered with the soil cement mat part 5, the contact with the causative substances such as microorganisms that corrode the thinning material 4 is blocked, and corrosion can be prevented.

  Hereinafter, a basic structure 1B of a form different from the basic structure 1A of the above-described embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment will be given the same reference numerals.

  The foundation structure 1 </ b> B illustrated in FIG. 2 is a piled raft foundation including a wooden pile 6. For this wooden pile 6, a thinned material may be used, or a thicker log material may be used.

  Such a wooden pile 6 is provided as a deep foundation when only a shallow foundation formed by a rectangular solid cement cement portion 5 in which the thinned materials 4,. In the foundation structure 1B of the first embodiment, only one wooden pile 6 is arranged at the center, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of wooden piles 6,. Can be arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the wooden pile 6 has a head 61 embedded in the soil cement mat portion 5. In the first embodiment, the upper end of the wooden pile 6 protrudes from the foundation structure 1 </ b> B and is embedded in the independent footing 31.

  On the other hand, the wooden pile 6 protruding below the soil cement mat portion 5 is submerged below the groundwater level 21. Thus, the wooden pile 6 in water can suppress the progress of corrosion.

  On the other hand, when the groundwater level 21 is low as shown in FIG. 2 (b), a plurality of layers are formed in the depth direction in order to embed the head 61 protruding above the groundwater level 21 in the soil cement mat portion 5. The basic structure 1C is constructed so that

  First, the first layer 11 of the foundation structure 1 </ b> C is formed to a size that covers the head 61 of the wooden pile 6. For this reason, the thinned material 41 embedded in the inside is also cut shortly.

  And the 2nd layer 12 constructed | assembled on this 1st layer 11 is formed in the magnitude | size which can ensure a supporting force required as a shallow foundation. An independent footing 31 is placed on the upper surface of the second layer 12.

  Thus, if the head 61 of the wooden pile 6 protruding upward from the groundwater level 21 is embedded in the soil cement mat portion 5, the corrosion of the wooden pile 6 can be prevented.

  Moreover, by ensuring the adhesion between the head 61 of the wooden pile 6 and the soil cement mat portion 5, it is possible to ensure that the loading load acts on the wooden pile 6. Furthermore, although the load concentrates on the head 61, such a stress concentration portion can be reinforced by covering the periphery with the soil cement mat portion 5.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Hereinafter, a basic structure 1D in a form different from the basic structures 1A, 1B, and 1C of the above-described embodiment and Example 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment or Example 1 will be given the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the foundation structure 1D that is long in one direction. 3A is a longitudinal sectional view of a structure in which the base structure 1D is used as a support base and a continuous footing 32 that is long in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface is placed thereon, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the base structure 1D. It is.

  The continuous footing 32 is constructed in a rectangular shape in plan view by the reinforcing bars 32a and the concrete 32b. The basic structure 1 </ b> D is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view that is slightly larger than the continuous footing 32.

  First, in terms of configuration, the foundation structure 1D is mainly configured by a wood material using thinned wood and the like, and a soil cement mat portion 5 as a cement-based solidifying material filled in the periphery thereof.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (b), this wood material has one long shaft member 42 having a length substantially the same as the length of the continuous footing 32 in the longitudinal direction, and is directed in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the long shaft member 42. And a plurality of short shaft members 43 arranged at intervals in the axial direction.

  And when a load acts on foundation structure 1D, while being disperse | distributed to a longitudinal direction by the long shaft material 42, it will be disperse | distributed also to a transversal direction by the short shaft material 43, ....

  In this way, by combining the long shaft member 42 and the short shaft member 43,..., The desired load dispersion performance can be ensured even in the basic structure 1D that is long in one direction.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Hereinafter, a basic structure 70 different from the basic structures 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D of the above-described embodiment and Examples 1 and 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. The description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the embodiment or Examples 1 and 2 will be given with the same reference numerals.

  The foundation structure 70 described in the third embodiment is constructed like a solid foundation by combining a plurality of foundation blocks 7. The foundation structure 70 is formed in a plurality of layers in the depth direction.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the basic block 7 is a combination of long shaft materials 71,... And short shaft materials 72,. It is manufactured in a rectangular parallelepiped shape by filling.

  Here, for the long shaft material 71 and the short shaft material 72, wood such as thinned wood can be used. As the cement-based solidifying material 73, a soil cement in which soil, cement and water are mixed, a mortar in which sand, cement and water are mixed, or a foam mortar having a light specific gravity can be used.

  Here, the longitudinal direction of the foundation block 7 formed into a rectangular shape in plan view is hereinafter referred to as an axial direction X. FIG. 5 is a plan view for explaining a method of stacking a plurality of foundation blocks 7,..., Showing a stage in the middle of forming a foundation structure 70 that spreads in a plane like a solid foundation. FIG.

  First, the first layer blocks 7A,... As the foundation block 7 laid on the first layer are arranged adjacent to each other so that the axial direction X is parallel. Then, the second layer block 7B as a basic block 7 laid on the second layer, and the axial direction X of the first layer block 7A and the axial direction X of the second layer block 7B. Are arranged so that they are orthogonal.

  The second layer block 7B is placed across the three first layer blocks 7A, 7A, 7A. Thus, by laminating | stacking by changing the axial direction X 90 degree | times for every layer, as the whole foundation structure 70, it can be set as the foundation reinforced in 2 directions.

  Moreover, if the 2nd layer block 7B is spanned with the long shaft material 71 on the joint of 1st layer block 7A, 7A which is a lower layer, the joint between blocks will be reinforced and it will become difficult to become a weak part.

  Furthermore, if the foundation block 7 is used, it can be produced in advance in a factory or a construction yard, and the desired strength can be expressed, so the waiting time for developing the strength of the cement-based solidifying material 73 on site. The working time can be shortened by reducing the number of times.

  Moreover, if it is manufactured in a factory or a construction yard, it is easy to stabilize the quality, and even if the foundation structure 70 becomes thick, a uniform structure in the depth direction can be obtained. Further, the strength can be easily changed for each layer.

  And if it is the method of arranging the basic block 7 (7A, 7B), work will be simple and work efficiency will be good.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Hereinafter, a basic structure 80 different from the basic structures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 70 of the embodiment and Examples 1 to 3 will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment or Examples 1 to 3 will be given with the same reference numerals.

  The foundation structure 80 is formed in three layers of a first layer 8A, a second layer 8B, and a third layer 8C, on which a solid foundation 33 is constructed of reinforced concrete.

  The first layer 8A is configured by alternately arranging the foundation blocks 81 and the foundation blocks 82 on the excavation bottom surface 22 excavating the ground 2. The length of these foundation blocks 81 and 82 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is substantially the same as the length of the foundation block 83 of the second layer 8B.

  The basic block 81 includes a long shaft member 81b as a wooden member extending in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface, a short shaft member 81c as a wooden member directed in a direction orthogonal thereto, and a long shaft member 81b and a short shaft member 81c. It is mainly composed of a cement-based solidifying material 81a that is filled around and formed into a rectangular parallelepiped. For example, the basic block 81 includes three long shaft members 81b,..., And a plurality of short shaft members 81c,.

  The foundation block 82 is mainly composed of a long shaft material 82b as a wood material that extends in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface, and a cement-based solidified material 82a that is filled in the periphery and molded into a rectangular parallelepiped. Similarly, the basic block 83 of the second layer 8B is mainly composed of a long shaft material 83b as a wood material extending in the lateral direction of the paper surface, and a cement-based solidified material 83a that is filled around and molded into a rectangular parallelepiped. The That is, the foundation block 82 and the foundation block 83 have substantially the same configuration except that the installed directions differ by 90 degrees.

  In addition, thinning materials are used for the long shaft members 81b, 82b, 83b and the short shaft member 81c. Further, as the cement-based solidifying materials 81a, 82a and 83a, soil cement in which soil, cement and water are mixed, mortar in which sand, cement and water are mixed, foamed mortar having a low specific gravity and the like can be used.

  And the foundation blocks 81, 82, and 83 are combined so that the wood material is bridged above and below the joints between the layers. For example, after the foundation block 81 is arranged on the first layer 8A, the joint between the foundation blocks 83, 83 of the second layer 8B is arranged. That is, the short shaft member 81c of the foundation block 81 is bridged between the joints of the foundation blocks 83 and 83.

  On the other hand, the foundation block 83 of the second layer 8B is bridged over the joint between the foundation block 81 and the foundation block 82 of the first layer 8A. For this reason, the long shaft member 83 b of the foundation block 83 is bridged over the joint between the foundation block 81 and the foundation block 82.

  Further, the third layer 8C has the basic blocks 81 and 82 arranged in the same combination as the first layer 8A, and the relationship with the second layer 8B is the same as the relationship between the first layer 8A and the second layer 8B. Is reversed but the positional relationship is the same.

  In this way, the joints can be reinforced by bridging the foundation blocks 81 and 83 between the joints between the foundation blocks 81 and 82 (83 and 83) that are in contact with each other at the upper layer or the lower layer.

  In particular, the wood material such as the short shaft member 81c and the long shaft member 83b is bridged between the joints in the foundation blocks 81 and 83 spanned at the seam, thereby being reinforced more firmly. Become. In addition, it is not necessary to arrange a wood material orthogonal to the long shaft member 82b in the foundation block 82 that does not contact the joint.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Hereinafter, a basic structure 1E different from the basic structures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 70, and 80 of the above-described embodiment and Examples 1 to 4 will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment or Examples 1 to 4 will be given with the same reference numerals.

  In Example 4, a foundation structure 1E in which the periphery of a wooden pile 6 is covered with soil cement as a cement-based solidifying material will be described.

  First, an auger excavator or the like is used to excavate and stir while pouring cement milk into the ground 2 to construct a cylindrical soil cement columnar improvement body 51. And before this soil cement columnar improvement body 51 hardens | cures, the wooden pile 6 is embed | buried in the inside.

  And like the said Example 1, in the head 61 of the wooden pile 6, the rectangular solid-shaped soil cement mat part 5 by which the thinned material 4, ... was embed | buried is constructed | assembled.

  Thus, by burying the wooden pile 6 inside the soil cement columnar improved body 51, it is possible to construct a support structure having a large supporting force in which the wooden pile 6 and the improved body are combined.

  Moreover, even if it is the wood type wooden pile 6 which is easy to corrode in the ground 2 normally, corrosion of the wooden pile 6 can be prevented by covering the periphery with the soil cement columnar improvement body 51.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  The preferred embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiments and examples, and does not depart from the gist of the present invention. A degree of design change is included in the present invention.

  For example, in the said embodiment and Example, although thinned wood was illustrated and demonstrated as a wooden material, it is not limited to this, The aggregate | assembly containing log materials other than thinned wood, lumber, a piece of wood, or wood flour It is also possible to use wood as a wood material.

  Moreover, in the said Example 4, although demonstrated as a structure which combines the foundation blocks 81,82,83 previously manufactured on the ground similarly to the said Example 3, it is not limited to this, Each foundation block 81, 82 and 83 may be molded on the spot. In this case, for example, a connecting wood material for connecting a joint between the base blocks 83 and 83 can be arranged so as to wrap with the long shaft materials 83b and 83b, respectively.

  Further, the long shaft members 81b, 82b and the short shaft member 81c are arranged in advance in the same manner as described in the fourth embodiment, and the cement layer solidifying material is poured around the periphery at once to construct the first layer 8A. A plurality of layered basic structures can also be constructed by a method in which other layers are similarly formed after the lower layer is cured.

  Moreover, although the said Example 1 demonstrated the case where the wooden pile 6 was arrange | positioned, it is not limited to this, You may arrange | position a steel pipe pile etc. similarly.

  In addition, the pile foundations 70 and 80 described in the third and fourth embodiments are also provided with the soil cement columnar improvement body 51 in which the wooden pile 6, the steel pipe pile and the wooden pile 6 are embedded, so that the piled raft foundation is provided. can do.

  In the above-described embodiments and examples, soil cement is mainly described as a cement-based solidifying material. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Can be used as a material.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the basic structure of the best embodiment of this invention, (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a cross-sectional view. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the basic structure of Example 1, Comprising: (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining a structure when a groundwater level is high, (b) is a longitudinal section explaining a structure when a groundwater level is low FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the basic structure of Example 2, Comprising: (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a cross-sectional view. It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the basic block of Example 3. FIG. It is a top view explaining the process of constructing the basic structure of Example 3. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the basic structure of Example 4. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the basic structure of Example 5. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E Basic structure 4, 41 Thinned wood (wood)
40 Lattice frame 42 Long shaft material (wood material)
43 Short shaft material (wood material)
5 Soil cement mat (cement solidifying material)
51 Soil cement columnar improvement body 6 Wooden pile 61 Head 7 Foundation block (block)
7A 1st layer block (block)
7B Second layer block (block)
70 Basic structure 71 Long shaft material (wood material)
72 Short shaft material (wood material)
73 Cement-based solidified material 80 Foundation structure 81, 82, 83 Foundation block (block)
81a, 82a, 83a Cement-based solidified material 81b, 82b, 83b Long shaft material (woody material)
81c Short shaft material (wood material)

Claims (5)

An elongated wood material, is formed by a cement solidifying material to be filled in around and in the depth direction A foundation structure formed in a plurality of layers,
Each layer is formed by a long wooden material and a cement-based solidified material filled around the long wooden material, and the axial direction of the upper and lower wooden materials intersects with each other,
Each of the layers is formed by combining a plurality of blocks, and an upper layer or a lower layer block is arranged above or below the joints of the blocks of each layer so that the wood material is bridged. Construction. 2. The foundation structure according to claim 1, wherein the wooden material is assembled in a lattice shape in plan view. The wood material, a long shaft member, or claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a and a minor axis material which is more spaced axially directed perpendicular to the axis direction of the long shaft member 2. The basic structure according to 2 . The foundation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a wooden pile having a head embedded in the cement-based solidified material. The said wooden pile is embed | buried in the cement-type solidification material, The foundation structure of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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