JP5170358B2 - 酸素製造設備および酸素製造方法 - Google Patents
酸素製造設備および酸素製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5170358B2 JP5170358B2 JP2006084500A JP2006084500A JP5170358B2 JP 5170358 B2 JP5170358 B2 JP 5170358B2 JP 2006084500 A JP2006084500 A JP 2006084500A JP 2006084500 A JP2006084500 A JP 2006084500A JP 5170358 B2 JP5170358 B2 JP 5170358B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
- F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
- F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
- F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
- F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
- F25J3/04721—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column
- F25J3/04733—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column using a hybrid system, e.g. using adsorption, permeation or catalytic reaction
- F25J3/04739—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column using a hybrid system, e.g. using adsorption, permeation or catalytic reaction in combination with an auxiliary pure argon column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
- F25J2205/32—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as direct contact cooling tower to produce a cooled gas stream, e.g. direct contact after cooler [DCAC]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/02—Compressor intake arrangement, e.g. filtering or cooling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Description
このような酸素製造設備では、沸点差を利用して、空気を分離することで、酸素を製造する。その際、窒素、アルゴンなどが副産物として得られる。
従来の酸素製造設備においては、気温が上昇した場合、気温に応じて空気圧縮機で圧縮する原料の空気密度が低下することから、得られる酸素量が少なくなることが知られている。このため、気温が高い夏場では、製鋼工場などを含めた所内酸素使用量の調整(削減)を行うことによって、酸素製造設備と、所内酸素使用量との需給バランスを保っていた。
なお、図3に示すような装置を用いて酸素を製造する際には、電気は、主に空気圧縮機3の電動モータで消費されている。
すなわちこの装置で酸素を製造する際、空気圧縮機3は、大気から取り込んだ空気を圧縮し所定の圧力(例えば、0.54MPa)まで昇圧する必要があるところ、水洗塔4内で圧損が大きいので、空気圧縮機の電動モータ出力を上げて運転しなければならず、逆に電力消費量の増大につながる恐れのある酸素製造設備であった。
1.大気中の空気を空気圧縮機で圧縮し、沸点差を利用して、空気を分離することで、酸素を製造する酸素製造設備において、前記空気圧縮機の前段側に、バグフィルタの前段に水滴粒径3〜18μmの水を噴霧する水噴霧装置を具備した、水滴粒を完全気化させてその気化熱を利用して空気を冷やすための噴霧室を配設してなり、前記噴霧室の上部には、ダクトを前記空気圧縮機と連通させて設け、前記噴霧室の下部には、大気と連通させてなる開口を形成してなることを特徴とする酸素製造設備。
また水噴霧装置を具備した噴霧室内では、圧損がほとんど生じないことから、省電力型酸素製造設備を実現できる。
本発明の実施の形態に係る酸素製造設備は、空気圧縮機3の前段側に、水噴霧装置を具備した噴霧室50を配設したことが特徴である。この噴霧室50は、図3に示した水洗塔4に代わり、水噴霧装置としての噴霧ノズル51を具備している。この噴霧室50の上部には、ダクト53を空気圧縮機3と連通させて設ける。また反対側の噴霧室50の下部には、大気と連通させてなる開口を形成する。
なお、噴霧ノズル51は、噴霧水52同士の干渉防止や、噴霧室50壁面への衝突などを勘案し、噴霧室50内で容易に気化させることができるよう、ノズル形式、ノズル数、ノズル配置などを設計するのが好ましい。また、噴霧ノズル51の後段にバグフィルタ2を設ける。図2中、54は、図1に示した酸素製造設備において、酸素を製造する際の空気流を示す。それ以外の装置については、図3に示した従来のものと同一であるので説明を省略する。
この電力削減効果は、図1に示した酸素製造設備において、噴霧ノズルから、水滴の平均粒径が10μm(粒径3〜18μmの範囲)の噴霧水が飽和湿度まで完全に気化蒸発するという条件下で得た。空気圧縮機3の電動モータの軸動力が従来よりも低下する理由は、温度低下による入口の空気密度の増加による。
2 バグフィルタ
3 空気圧縮機
4 水洗塔
5 MS吸着器(モレキュラシーブス吸着器)
6 熱交換器
7 膨張タービン
8 精留塔
9 粗アルゴン塔
10 アルゴン熱交換器
11 アルゴン圧縮機
12 アルゴン精製器
13 アルゴン乾燥器
14 高純度アルゴン塔
20 冷却器
41 ノズル
42 水シャワー流
43 充填材層(テラレット層)
44 空気流
50 噴霧室
51 噴霧ノズル(水噴霧装置)
52 噴霧水
53 ダクト
54 空気流
Claims (2)
- 大気中の空気を空気圧縮機で圧縮し、沸点差を利用して、空気を分離することで、酸素を製造する酸素製造設備において、前記空気圧縮機の前段側に、バグフィルタの前段に水滴粒径3〜18μmの水を噴霧する水噴霧装置を具備した、水滴粒を完全気化させてその気化熱を利用して空気を冷やすための噴霧室を配設してなり、前記噴霧室の上部には、ダクトを前記空気圧縮機と連通させて設け、前記噴霧室の下部には、大気と連通させてなる開口を形成してなることを特徴とする酸素製造設備。
- 大気中の空気を空気圧縮機で圧縮し、沸点差を利用して、空気を分離することで、酸素を製造する酸素製造方法において、前記空気圧縮機で取り込む空気を、噴霧室内にてバグフィルタの前段に設けた水噴霧装置から供給した水滴粒径3〜18μmの噴霧水の完全気化による気化熱を利用して冷やす酸素製造方法であって、前記噴霧室の上部には、ダクトを前記空気圧縮機と連通させて設け、前記噴霧室の下部には、大気と連通させてなる開口を形成して、前記噴霧室に空気を流すことを特徴とする酸素製造方法。
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Families Citing this family (3)
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US10086194B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2018-10-02 | Medtronic, Inc. | Termination of a shield within an implantable medical lead |
JP7253182B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-12 | 2023-04-06 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 空気分離装置及び空気分離方法 |
JP2022133672A (ja) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-09-14 | 株式会社ポラリス | 室外機用冷却装置 |
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JPS4940353B1 (ja) * | 1970-12-26 | 1974-11-01 | ||
JPS54117960U (ja) * | 1978-02-08 | 1979-08-18 | ||
JPS55118568A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-09-11 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Method of cooling air |
JPS62102061A (ja) * | 1985-10-25 | 1987-05-12 | 松下電工株式会社 | 冷却装置 |
JPS63220026A (ja) * | 1987-03-10 | 1988-09-13 | Ube Ind Ltd | 空調システム |
JP3305977B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-25 | 2002-07-24 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | 原料空気多段圧縮機における原料空気の除湿・冷却システム |
JP2003207267A (ja) * | 2002-01-16 | 2003-07-25 | Jfe Steel Kk | 空気分離装置 |
JP2003254678A (ja) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-10 | Jfe Engineering Kk | 排ガス冷却方法および冷却装置 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |