JP5155170B2 - 免疫を改善するためのプロバイオティックエンテロコッカス - Google Patents
免疫を改善するためのプロバイオティックエンテロコッカス Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、哺乳動物の栄養及び免疫応答に及ぼすその効果に関する。特に、本発明は、動物に投与して動物における自然免疫と適応免疫の両方を改善し、ワクチンの有効性を増強するプロバイオティックス生物を利用する。
特許、公開出願、技術的論文及び学術的論文を含む種々の刊行物が、本明細書全体にわたって引用されている。これらの引用された刊行物の各々は、本明細書中で参考としてその全体が援用される。本明細書内で完全には引用されていない刊行物の完全な引用は、本明細書の終わりに示す。
本発明の1つの態様は、動物で免疫を調節する、又はワクチンの有効性を増強するのに有効な量で1つ又は複数のプロバイオティック生物を含む組成物を特徴とする。免疫応答を調節し、ワクチンの有効性を増強することは、動物の保護に役立ち、病原体により誘導される罹患率及び死亡率を減らすのに役立つ。
定義:
本発明の方法及び他の態様に関する種々の用語は、本明細書及び特許請求の範囲を通して用いられる。特記しない限り、このような用語は、当技術分野における用語の通常の意味を与えられるべきである。他の特に定義した用語は、本明細書で提供されるこの定義での一致した様式で解釈されるべきである。
本発明者らは、子ネコにおいてエンテロコッカス・フェシウムNCIMB10415(SF68)などのプロバイオティック生物による食餌の補充は、CD4+リンパ球の数を増加させることを観察した。したがって本発明のさまざまな態様では、動物で免疫を改善し、動物でワクチンの有効性を増強するための食餌組成物及び方法を提供することによりこれらの発見を利用する。
本発明の1つの態様は、動物で免疫を調節する、又はワクチンの有効性を増強するのに有効な量で1つ又は複数のプロバイオティック生物を含む組成物を特徴とする。1つの好ましい実施形態では、このプロバイオティック生物は、動物で自然免疫を調節する。さらに好ましい実施形態では、このプロバイオティック生物は、動物で適応免疫応答を調節する。別の好ましい実施形態では、このプロバイオティック生物は、動物でFHV−1、FCV、及びFPVに対するワクチンの有効性を増強する。
本発明の別の態様では、動物で免疫を調節するのに有効な量で1つ又は複数のプロバイオティック生物を含む組成物を動物に投与することを含む、動物で免疫を調節する方法を特徴とする。本発明のさらに別の態様では、動物でワクチンの有効性を増強するのに有効な量で1つ又は複数のプロバイオティック生物を含む組成物を動物に投与することを含む、動物でワクチンの有効性を増強する方法を特徴とする。ある実施形態では、ワクチンは、ネコ汎白血球減少症ウイルス、ネコ鼻腔気管炎ウイルス、又はネコカリシウイルスに対するものである。
動物及び実験パラメータ
ネコ科の実験対象集団。20匹の生後6週のSPF子ネコを、Liberty Laboratories(Liberty、NY)から購入した。子ネコは、ELISAによりネコ白血病ウイルス抗原及びネコ免疫不全ウイルス抗体に対して血清反応陰性であることが示された。(Snap Combo、IDEXX Laboratories、Portland、ME)。
サンプル収集及び臨床的モニタリング
この研究を通して子ネコの態度と行動を毎日モニターした。体重は毎週測定した。血液、唾液、及び糞便を、7週齢のプロバイオティック補充又は嗜好促進剤補充開始前に、並びに9、15、21、及び27週齢に全てのネコから採取した。さらに糞便を28週齢の投与群の子ネコから採取した。子ネコの各群について、1日当たり5つの糞便サンプルを共用猫用トイレから無作為抽出し、標準化されたグラフィックスコアカードを用いて記録して、毎日の群平均値を測定した。総IgA及び総IgG測定用の糞便抽出液をBenyacoub Jら(2003))によって記載されたプロトコルに従って処理した。全てのサンプルは、バッチでアッセイするまで−80℃に保存した。
糞便のアッセイ
各サンプル採取日に、各子ネコから糞便を8階段の連続10倍希釈して、KFストレプトコッカス寒天培地に播種し、好気的に37℃で48時間インキュベートした。各形態型の10コロニーを、無菌のエーゼを用いて釣菌し、1.2mLのブレーンハートインフュージョン培地(BHI)(Becton Dickinson、Franklin Lakes、NJ)に入れ、分析まで−80℃に保存した。生存可能なE.フェシウムSF68が投与したネコの糞便中に存在するかどうかを決定するために、及びこのプロバイオティックが投与した子ネコから対照の子ネコに偶発的に伝播したかどうかを評価するために、RAPD−PCRを各サンプルからの細菌分離株で実施した。サーモサイクラーパラメータは以下の通りであった。すなわち、95℃で1分の変性、40℃で1分のアニール、72℃で4分の伸長を30サイクルで行った。25.5μLの反応混合液は、2.45μL 10×マグネシウム非含有緩衝液(100mM Tris−HCl、pH 8.3、500mM KC1)、3.22mM MgCl2、0.4μL(1ユニット)JumpStart Taq DNAポリメラーゼ(Sigma D−4184、Sigma−Aldrich,Inc.、St.Louis、MO)、1.9μL dNTP混合物(2.5mM)、1μL プライマー(100μM)、15.47μL PCR水、及び1μL 細菌培養を含んでいた。用いたプライマーの配列は、5’−GGTTGGGTGAGAATTGCACG−3’であった。5〜10μLのPCR産物を2パーセントのアガロースゲルで泳動し、バンドのパターンをSF68陽性対照と比較した。市販のELISAを、クロストリジウム パーフリンジェンス(Clostridium perfringens)エンテロトキシン又はたはC.ディフィシル(C.difficile)トキシンA/Bが全ての子ネコの糞便中に存在したかどうかを測定するために使用した。(C.パーフリンジェンス(ELISA、Kit No.92−000−22)及びC.ディフィシル(ELISA、Kit No.94−0150−KT)、Techlabs、Blacksburg、VA.)。サルモネラ属種及びカンピロバクター属種のルーチンの好気性糞便培養は、コロラド州立大学診断研究室(the Colorado State University Diagnostic Laboratory)で実施した。
免疫学的アッセイ
完全血球数、血清生化学的パネル、及び尿分析はコロラド州立大学(Colorado State University)の臨床病理検査室(Clinical Pathology Laboratory)で実施した。抗原特異的体液性免疫応答を、血清FHV−1特異的IgG、FHV−1特異的IgA、FCV特異的IgG、及びネコ汎白血球減少症特異的IgGを10の血清で測定し、並びに既報のELISAアッセイの適応を用いて唾液でFHV−1特異的IgG及びIgAレベルを測定することにより算定した。(Lappin MRら(2002);及びDitmer DAら(1998)。FHV−1特異的IgG及びIgAに関して、結果は各サンプルについて3セットの試験ウェルに対する両方の平均吸光度により算出し、パーセンテージELISA単位の算出により算出した(テストサンプル平均吸光度マイナス陰性対照サンプル平均吸光度/陽性対照サンプル平均吸光度マイナス陰性対照サンプル平均吸光度に100を掛けた)。FCV及びFPVについては平均吸光度を使用した。血清、糞便抽出液、及び唾液中の総IgG及びIgA濃度は、市販のELISAアッセイ又は放射状免疫拡散アッセイを用いて算定した。(Bethyl Laboaratories,Inc.、Montgomery、TX)。
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Claims (18)
- ネコ科動物におけるワクチンの有効性を増強する薬剤であって、有効な量のエンテロコッカス・フェシウム(Enterococcus faecium)株SF68を含み、前記ワクチンは、ネコ鼻腔気管炎(FVH−1)ワクチン、ネコカリシウイルス(FCV)ワクチン、又はネコ汎白血球減少症(FPV)ワクチンである、薬剤。
- 前記エンテロコッカス・フェシウム株SF68が、製剤の1グラム当り少なくとも102から1011コロニー形成単位(CFU)の量で存在する請求項1に記載の薬剤。
- 7−オキソ−デヒドロエピアンドロステロン(DHEA)をさらに含む請求項1又は2に記載の薬剤。
- プロバイオティック生物の少なくとも1つの他の種類をさらに含む請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の薬剤。
- 前記ネコ科動物がイエネコである請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の薬剤。
- 前記ワクチンが、FVH−1ワクチン又はFCVワクチンである請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の薬剤。
- ネコ科動物でワクチンの有効性を増強する方法であって、前記動物でワクチンの有効性を増強するのに有効な量でエンテロコッカス・フェシウム株SF68を含む薬剤を前記動物に定期的に投与することを含み、前記ワクチンは、FVH−1ワクチン、FCVワクチン、又はFPVワクチンである、方法。
- 前記エンテロコッカス・フェシウム株SF68が、製剤の1グラム当り少なくとも102から1011CFUの量で存在する請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記ネコ科動物がイエネコである請求項7又は8に記載の方法。
- 前記ワクチンが、FVH−1ワクチン又はFCVワクチンである請求項7〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記動物でのワクチンの有効性の増強が、前記動物でCD4+リンパ球の産生増加をもたらす請求項7〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記動物でのワクチンの有効性の増強が、前記動物の血清、糞便、乳汁、涙、唾液、気道上皮、又は胃腸上皮中で、特定の病原体の抗原に対して反応する免疫グロブリン濃度の増加をもたらす請求項7〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ネコ科動物でワクチンの有効性を増強する薬剤の製造におけるエンテロコッカス・フェシウム株SF68の使用であり、
前記ワクチンは、FVH−1ワクチン、FCVワクチン、又はFPVワクチンである、使用。 - 前記エンテロコッカス・フェシウム株SF68が、製剤の1グラム当り少なくとも102から1011CFUの量で存在する請求項13に記載の使用。
- 前記動物がイエネコである請求項13又は14のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 前記ワクチンが、FVH−1ワクチン又はFCVワクチンである請求項13〜15のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 前記動物でのワクチンの有効性の増強が、前記動物でCD4+リンパ球の産生増加をもたらす請求項13〜16のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 前記動物でのワクチンの有効性の増強が、前記動物の血清、糞便、乳汁、涙、唾液、気道上皮、又は胃腸上皮中で、特定の病原体の抗原に対して反応する免疫グロブリン濃度の増加をもたらす請求項13〜17のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
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PCT/EP2006/009695 WO2007039313A2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-10-06 | Probiotic enterococci for improved immunity |
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