JP5150966B2 - 非水電解液二次電池用正極およびそれを用いた非水電解液二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解液二次電池用正極およびそれを用いた非水電解液二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5150966B2 JP5150966B2 JP2007140167A JP2007140167A JP5150966B2 JP 5150966 B2 JP5150966 B2 JP 5150966B2 JP 2007140167 A JP2007140167 A JP 2007140167A JP 2007140167 A JP2007140167 A JP 2007140167A JP 5150966 B2 JP5150966 B2 JP 5150966B2
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 67
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
本発明の実施形態の非水電解液二次電池用正極においては、4V級の正極材料、またはそれ以外の充放電電位を示す正極材料を正極活物質として用いることができる。
負極活物質はリチウム金属または炭素材料などのリチウムを吸蔵、放出できる材料により構成されている。炭素材料としては、リチウムを吸蔵する黒鉛、非晶質炭素、ダイヤモンド状炭素、フラーレン、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノホーンなど、あるいはこれらの複合物を用いることができる。負極活物質としてリチウム金属を用いる場合には融液冷却方式、液体急冷方式、アトマイズ方式、真空蒸着方式、スパッタリング方式、プラズマCVD方式、光CVD方式、熱CVD方式、ゾル‐ゲル方式、などの適宜な方式により負極となる層23を得ることができる。また、炭素材料の場合には、カーボンとポリビニリデンフルオライド(PVDF)等の結着剤を混合し、NMP等の溶剤中に分散混錬し、これを銅箔等の基体上に塗布するなどの方法や、蒸着法、CVD法、スパッタリング法などの方法により負極23を得ることができる。
正極集電体11、21としてはアルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、チタンまたはこれらの合金などを用いることができ、負極集電体24としては銅、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、チタンまたはこれらの合金を用いることができる。
セパレータ26としては、織布、不織布、多孔膜等を用いることができる。特にポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン系の多孔膜が薄膜でかつ大面積化、膜強度や膜抵抗の面で好ましく用いられる。
本発明における電解液としては、プロピレンカーボネート(PC)、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、ブチレンカーボネート(BC)、ビニレンカーボネート(VC)等の環状カーボネート類、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)、ジプロピルカーボネート(DPC)等の鎖状カーボネート類、ギ酸メチル、酢酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル等の脂肪族カルボン酸エステル類、γ−ブチロラクトン等のγ−ラクトン類、1、2−ジエトキシエタン(DEE)、エトキシメトキシエタン(EME)等の鎖状エーテル類、テトラヒドロフラン、2−メチルテトラヒドロフラン等の環状エーテル類、ジメチルスルホキシド、1、3−ジオキソラン、ホルムアミド、アセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジオキソラン、アセトニトリル、プロピルニトリル、ニトロメタン、エチルモノグライム、リン酸トリエステル、トリメトキシメタン、ジオキソラン誘導体、スルホラン、メチルスルホラン、1、3−ジメチル−2−イミダゾリジノン、3−メチル−2−オキサゾリジノン、プロピレンカーボネート誘導体、テトラヒドロフラン誘導体、エチルエーテル、1、3−プロパンスルトン、アニソール、N−メチルピロリドン、フッ素化カルボン酸エステルなどの非プロトン性有機溶媒を一種又は二種以上を混合して使用できる。このうち、プロピレンカーボネート、エチレンカーボネート、γ−ブチルラクトン、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、メチルエチルカーボネートなどを単独もしくは混合して用いることが好ましい。
正極活物質粉末Bとして、平均粒子径9.8μm、BET比表面積0.8m2/gのスピネル型マンガン酸リチウム(LiMn2O4)を準備し、導電性付与剤としてのカーボンブラックと乾式混合し、バインダーであるフッ化ビニリデン樹脂(PVDF)を溶解させたN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)中に均一に分散させスラリーを作製しスラリーBとした。スラリーB中の固形分比率は正極活物質:導電性付与剤:PVDF=89:4:7(質量%)とした。
12 第一の正極活物質層
13 第二の正極活物質層
14 正極活物質粉末A
15 正極活物質粉末B
16 正極活物質粉末C
22 正極
23 負極
24 負極集電体
25 電解液
26 セパレータ
Claims (2)
- 正極集電体の表面に形成された第一の正極活物質層と、前記第一の正極活物質層上に形成された第二の正極活物質層とを有し、前記第一の正極活物質層には平均粒子径が0.5μm以上4μm未満である正極活物質粉末Aと平均粒子径が12μm以上50μm以下である正極活物質粉末Cのみが正極活物質として含まれ、前記第二の正極活物質層には平均粒子径が4μm以上12μm未満である正極活物質粉末Bのみが正極活物質として含まれ、前記正極活物質粉末Aと前記正極活物質粉末Cの混合後の粒子のBET比表面積Pが前記正極活物質粉末BのBET比表面積Qに対し、0.5≦P/Q≦2となり、前記正極活物質粉末A、前記正極活物質粉末Bおよび前記正極活物質粉末Cが同じ正極材料であることを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池用正極。
- 少なくとも、リチウムを挿入・脱離可能な負極と、非水電解液を介して該負極と対向配置された正極を備えた非水電解液二次電池において、該正極が、請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池用正極であることを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池。
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