JP5070704B2 - 光電変換装置 - Google Patents
光電変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5070704B2 JP5070704B2 JP2006013965A JP2006013965A JP5070704B2 JP 5070704 B2 JP5070704 B2 JP 5070704B2 JP 2006013965 A JP2006013965 A JP 2006013965A JP 2006013965 A JP2006013965 A JP 2006013965A JP 5070704 B2 JP5070704 B2 JP 5070704B2
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- semiconductor layer
- photoelectric conversion
- light
- dye
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Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Description
2I- → I2 + 2e-
I2 + I- → I3 -
によって電子を受け取り、電解質層4中に酸化剤、例えばI3 -(I2とI-との結合体)を生成させる。生じた酸化剤は拡散によって対向電極5に到達し、上記の反応の逆反応
I3 - → I2 + I-
I2 + 2e- → 2I-
によって対向電極5から電子を受け取り、もとの還元剤に還元される。
I3 - + 2e- → 3I--
に対する過電圧の大きい材料、具体的にはニッケルNi、チタンTi、ニオブNb、タンタルTa、およびタングステンWなどがよい。また、必要に応じて前記集電体層を絶縁性被膜などのバリア層で被覆してもよい。
実施の形態1では、本発明に係わる例として、色素増感型光電変換装置として構成された光電変換装置について説明する。
I3 - + 2e- → 3I--
に対する過電圧の大きい材料、具体的にはニッケルNi、チタンTi、ニオブNb、タンタルTa、およびタングステンWなどがよい。また、必要に応じて集電体層12を絶縁性被膜などのバリア層で被覆して、電解質層4から保護してもよい。
2I- → I2 + 2e-
I2 + I- → I3 -
によって電子を受け取り、電解質層4中に酸化剤、例えばI3 -(I2とI-との結合体)を生成させる。生じた酸化剤は拡散によって対向電極5に到達し、上記の反応の逆反応
I3 - → I2 + I-
I2 + 2e- → 2I-
によって対向電極5から電子を受け取り、もとの還元剤に還元される。
実施の形態2では、本発明に係わる例として、色素増感型光電変換装置として構成された光電変換装置について説明する。
実施例1
半導体層3を形成する原料である酸化チタンTiO2のペーストは、Solaronix社製 Ti-Nanoxide TSPを用いた。このTiO2ペーストを、スクリーン印刷法によって、透明基板1上の透明導電層2であるFTO層の上に塗布し、大きさ20mm×50mm、粒径150メッシュの長方形の微粒子層を形成した。この後、500℃に30分間保持して、TiO2微粒子をFTO層2上に焼結した。TiO2膜の厚さが所定の厚さに達するまでこの操作を繰り返し、最終的に厚さ20μmのTiO2膜を形成した。焼結されたTiO2膜を0.05Mの塩化チタン(IV)TiCl4水溶液中に70℃の下で30分間保持した後、洗浄し、再び500℃で30分間焼成を行った。
透明基板1として青板ガラスを用い、透明導電層2を形成せず、透明基板1に直接半導体層3を形成した。その他は実施例1と同様にして、色素増感型光電変換装置10を作製した。
透明基板1に透明電極102としてFTO層を形成し、図4および図5に示した色素増感型太陽電池モジュール101を作製した。透明電極102上に半導体層103として大きさ5mm×20mmの帯状のTiO2層を7本形成し、その間に幅1mmの銀層からなる集電用配線104を形成し、その配線104の上を幅2mmの樹脂で保護した。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして、色素増感型太陽電池モジュール101を作製した。
集電用配線104を形成しなかったこと以外は比較例1と同様にして、色素増感型太陽電池モジュールを作製した。
透明基板1として青板ガラスを用い、透明電極102を形成せず、透明基板1に直接半導体層103を形成した。それ以外は比較例2と同様にして、色素増感型太陽電池モジュールを作製した。
以上のようにして作製した実施例1と2、および比較例1〜3の色素増感型太陽電池モジュールについて、擬似太陽光(AM1.5、100mW/cm2)照射時における発電量および有効面積に対する光電変換効率を測定した。表1はこの測定結果を示す表である。
5…対向電極(正極)、6…対向基板、10…光増感型光電変換装置、
11…色素増感型光電変換モジュール、12…集電体層、13…開口部(欠徐部)、
14…拡散距離、20…光増感型光電変換装置、100…光増感型光電変換装置、
101…色素増感型太陽電池モジュール、102…透明電極(透明導電層、負極)、
103…半導体層、104…集電用配線、105…配線形成領域、
106…光電変換領域(半導体層形成領域)、110…色素増感型太陽電池、
111…半導体電極、112…金属網状体、113…光増感色素を保持した半導体層
Claims (3)
- 光入射側に配置される光透過性基体と、
この光透過性基体上に形成された半導体層と、
前記光入射側から遠い側で前記半導体層に接して形成された集電体層と、
前記半導体層に対向する対向電極を備えた対向基板と、
前記集電体層と前記対向電極との間に配置された電解質層と
を有し、
前記半導体層は、酸化チタン(TiO 2 )ペーストが前記光透過性基体上に塗布されて焼結され酸化チタン焼結体が形成された後に、この酸化チタン焼結体が塩化チタン(TiCl 4 )水溶液中に保持された後に焼成によって形成された第1の焼成層であり、前記集電体層は、前記第1の焼成層に導電性材料を含むペーストが塗布された後に焼成によって形成された第2の焼成層であり、
この第2の焼成層が形成された後に、前記光透過性基体の前記光入射側からの前記半導体層に対する紫外光の照射によって、前記酸化チタン焼結体に含まれる不純物が分解され除去され、前記酸化チタン焼結体の活性を高める処理がなされ後に、前記半導体層が光増感色素を含む溶液に浸漬されて、前記半導体層を構成する酸化チタン微粒子に前記光増感色素が保持されて、前記光増感色素が保持された前記半導体層が形成され、
前記半導体層と前記集電体層とが形成された前記光透過性基体と前記対向電極を備えた前記対向基板とが、前記半導体層と前記対向電極とが互いに接しないように、間隙を置いて対向され、前記半導体層が形成されていない領域で封止材によって、前記光透過性基体と前記対向基板とが接合されており、
前記光入射側から順に、前記光透過性基体と、前記半導体層と、前記集電体層と、前記電解質層とが配置され、前記光透過性基体に光透過性導電層を形成せず前記光透過性基体に直接に前記半導体層が形成され、前記集電体層と前記電解質層とが接触しており、前記集電体層は、前記半導体層に接するとともに、前記電解質層の電解液が前記半導体層に浸透することを可能にするライン状、メッシュ状、又は多孔状の形状を有する、光電変換装置。 - 前記集電体層の厚さが、1〜100μmである、請求項1に記載した光電変換装置。
- 光吸収によって励起された前記光増感色素の電子が前記半導体層へ取り出され、この電子が更に前記集電体層を介して外部へ取り出されるとともに、前記電子を失った前記光増感色素は、前記電解質層中の還元剤によって還元される色素増感型光電変換装置として構成されている、請求項1に記載した光電変換装置。
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JP5007784B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-30 | 2012-08-22 | ソニー株式会社 | 光電変換装置 |
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JP2009245750A (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Nippon Steel Chem Co Ltd | 色素増感太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
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