JP5030042B1 - Containment treatment methods for soil and sludge contaminated by high-concentration radioactive materials - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To prevent elution from pollutants and prevent wide-area contamination by radiation, thereby creating a safe and secure environment without worry.
SOLUTION: The surface of the clay is dried by applying a glaze solution on the surface of the clay, and then drying and then drying the multilayered powder by a glaze treatment containing orthofeldspar etc. Soil, sludge, silt contaminated with radiation-contaminated waste of 100,000 becquerel or more or high-concentration radioactive material of 8000 becquerel or more and 100,000 becquerel or less, which was burned at a high temperature for a predetermined time and released from a decommissioning furnace inside or outside the nuclear power plant. Waste incineration ash slag as well as pollutants in hot spots, sludge pollutants in water treatment facilities, sludge pollutants in agricultural and fishery treatment facilities, sludge pollutants in environmental treatment facilities, nuclear waste, decommissioning waste The soil and the like are enclosed in glassy material, and a vitreous material containing a radioactive material containing no radioactive material is released.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  In the present invention, soil, mud, silt, etc. contaminated with high-concentration radioactive materials are sealed in glassy and crystalline materials of shirasu mainly composed of zeolite and shirasu to make it non-eluting and sealed as described above. The present invention relates to the field of radioactive removal reduction technology for preventing wide-area contamination of the high-concentration radioactive material contained in the pollutant and methods for containing contaminated soil and sludge.

  From the 1st to 4th of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, which suffered a great tsunami that exceeded the expectation of the Great East Japan Earthquake of M9.0 on March 11, 2011 Radioactive material is released into the atmosphere and continues to float over a wide area on bloom and air currents.

  A large amount of high-concentration radioactive material that floats in the atmosphere by riding these blooms and air currents is rained down in Fukushima prefecture, Miyagi prefecture, Yamagata prefecture, Tochigi prefecture, Gunma prefecture, and blooms in Noyama trees and paddy fields. Fall on school grounds, roofs, rivers, etc., and mix and adhere to soil, water, vegetables, fruits, plant leaves, trees, etc., while continuing to contaminate animals and seafood almost throughout the country through rivers and sea areas. It is in the worst environment where the health damage to the human body is accelerated rapidly and food safety and security cannot be obtained.

  In addition, a high level of radioactive material flows out and is emitted and the contaminated area is enlarged. As a result, health anxiety has expanded through ecosystems such as the human body and fish, and soil, mud, silt contaminated by radiation such as α rays, β rays, γ rays and neutron rays released from radioactive materials due to the nuclear disaster. There is an urgent need for safe and safe decontamination and environment creation.

  As part of this, it is well known that a decontamination apparatus for decontaminating radioactive substances from soil and contaminated water contaminated with high-concentration radioactive substances is being installed and operated around the nuclear power plant.

  However, as part of the decontamination treatment measures for contaminated soil and mud in areas surrounding the nuclear power plant that are contaminated by the high-concentration radioactive material, the contaminated soil of the school in the local area and ground contaminated soil At present, the top soil is scraped and packed in bags, and the soil is decontaminated with vinyl sheets. However, radioactive material has been leached from the stuffed soil, and the radioactivity has been released and expanded.

Furthermore, the periphery of the above reactor, a large amount of sludge contaminated with large amounts of water contaminated by high concentrated Doho morphism of goods or processing difficult 100,000 becquerels, silt, etc. are left in a raw state .

  Recently, radiation has also been detected from the incineration ash at the waste incineration plant, but there is an urgent need to deal with wastes of 8000 becquerels and above and these incineration ash.

  Furthermore, as a conventional patent No. 4576550, an eco-resource slag effective use method in which unused slag containing harmful substances is rendered harmless and can be used as an ecology resource filter medium (the inventor and the right holder are the inventor and applicant of the present application) Is the same as the above).

  However, the above-mentioned patented invention relates to unused slag containing harmful substances, and the purpose of the creation was to contain soil and sludge contaminated by high-concentration radioactive materials, to prevent containment, and to prevent radiation from being released. It is not a thing.

Japanese Patent No. 4576550

  In the present invention, high-concentration radioactive materials were released from the 1st to 3rd Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, which was destroyed by the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011, M9.0 It is released to the ground and the sea while floating on the air current, and it adheres to the rain and becomes a large amount of rainwater and descends on the earth, polluting the river water, field soil, school ground soil, etc. However, it continues to contaminate fruits and crops.

  However, the Ministry of the Environment's Nuclear Safety Agency (started in April 2012), firstly, contaminated soil containing radioactive materials, sludge, refuse incineration ash, manure, etc., and a wide range of pollutants (hot spot related, water related) Agricultural / fishery related, environmental treatment facilities, nuclear waste, decommissioning waste collection and transportation standards, debris temporary storage, intermediate storage facilities, final disposal facilities transportation and storage in the direction of legislation Has been made.

  Second, the Ministry of the Environment, as a standard for intermediate treatment of various pollutants containing the radioactive substances listed in the first, concrete solidification, containment, and safety as an intermediate treatment facility below 8000 becquerel and above 8000 becquerel Is being standardized.

  Thirdly, the Ministry of the Environment is studying concrete barrier safety, containment, and vitrification as treatment of high-concentration waste of 100,000 becquerel or less and 100,000 becquerel or more as a final disposal standard.

  Based on the above, it is said that the basic policy and standard of decontamination for concrete handling will be legislated.

  The present invention provides contaminated soil, sludge, manure, and a wide range of pollutants (hot spots) containing high-concentration radioactive materials of 8000 Bq or less, 8000 Bq or more and 100,000 Bq or less and 100,000 Bq or more causing these environmental pollution. , Water supply, agriculture / fisheries, environmental treatment facilities, nuclear waste, decommissioning waste, etc.) are kneaded with porcelain earth for ceramics and zeolite, etc., treated by various processes, and enclosed in glass By forming it into a vitreous fired body (vitrified) that does not elute pollutants due to the radioactive substances, it prevents elution from the pollutants and prevents wide-area pollution due to radiation. This is to solve the problem of realizing the creation.

  Furthermore, the present invention is a method of kneading contaminated soil, sludge, excrement and a wide range of contaminants containing the above-mentioned high-concentration radioactive substances with ceramic soil for ceramics, zeolite, etc., treating them by various processes, and sealing them in glass. A glassy fired body (vitrified) that does not elute the pollutants is mixed with natural sand used for civil engineering construction at a predetermined ratio, and water is added and kneaded to an appropriate size. This is to solve the problem of being able to be used as a water reef block, wave block, revetment block, and as a fish reef.

As a means for solving the above problems, the invention according to claim 1, contaminated with a high concentration radioactive follows emitted 100,000 becquerels or more radioactive materials or 100,000 becquerels from decommissioning in primary soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag, as well as hot spots of contamination, contamination of the sludge of water treatment facilities, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, sludge contamination of the environment treatment facilities, nuclear waste, In the containment method of high level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag or sludge in decommissioning waste,
As a first step, the contaminated soil or the sludge or the silt or contaminants of the waste incineration ash slag and hot spots of a predetermined amount, contamination of sludge water treatment plant, sludge contaminants agricultural and fishery processing facilities, environmental sludge contaminants treatment facilities, nuclear waste, by kneading a high-level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag or sludge decommissioning waste, and a predetermined amount of ceramic porcelain earth or ceramic for mineral clay To form an appropriate amount of womb,
As a second step, the clay is burned for a predetermined time at a predetermined temperature at which the glaze solution can permeate into the inside and the surface of the ceramic in a firing kiln for ceramics, and a clay is formed.
As a third step, on the surface of the unglazed porcelain clay, a glaze solution is applied and dried, and after drying, after multiple layers by glaze treatment including orthofeldspar, etc.
As a fourth step, the clay from the third step is again burned at a predetermined high temperature for a predetermined time in a firing kiln for ceramics, and a radioactive substance of 100,000 Bq or more released from the decommissioning furnace in the nuclear power plant or 100,000 Becquerel following of radioactive materials in contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag, as well as contamination of the hot spot, contamination of the sludge of water treatment facilities, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, environment Contaminated soil, sludge, silt, silt or refuse incineration slag or sludge in wastewater from treatment facilities A method for containing soil and sludge contaminated by a high-concentration radioactive material, characterized in that it is a material-contained fired body.

As a means for solving the above problems, the invention according to claim 2, contaminated with a high concentration radioactive follows emitted 100,000 becquerels or more radioactive materials or 100,000 becquerels from decommissioning in primary soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag, as well as hot spots of contamination, contamination of the sludge of water treatment facilities, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, sludge contamination of the environment treatment facilities, nuclear waste, In the containment method of high level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag or sludge in decommissioning waste,
As a first step, a predetermined amount of the contaminated soil or the sludge or the silt or said contaminated waste incineration ash slag, as well as hot spots of contaminants, contaminants sludge water treatment plant, sludge contaminants agricultural and fishery processing facilities Mixing high-level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag or sludge in environmental treatment facility pollutants, nuclear waste, decommissioning waste, and ceramic porcelain soil for ceramics or mineral clay for ceramics To form a suitable large amount of soil,
As a second step, the clay is burned for 10 to 12 hours at a temperature of about 750 ° C. where the glaze solution can penetrate into the interior and the surface of the ceramic in a combustion kiln for ceramics to form an unglazed clay.
As a third step, after applying and applying a glaze solution to the unglazed porcelain ground surface formed in the second step, after further multilayering with a glaze treatment containing orthofeldspar, etc., and drying,
As a fourth step, the glaze liquid infiltrated solid of the third step is again heated from around 750 ° C. in a firing kiln for ceramic industry, and after 2 hours burned at a high temperature around 1100 to 1200 ° C. for 3 to 6 hours, 100,000 becquerels or more of the radioactive substance or 100,000 becquerels or less of radioactive substances in contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag that has been released from the decommissioning of the nuclear power plant, as well as hot contamination of the spot, water treatment facilities of contamination of the sludge, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, sludge contamination of the environment treatment facilities, nuclear waste, contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag or glass the mud to the decommissioning waste in Soil contaminated with high-concentration radioactive material, characterized in that it is contained in a material and is made of a vitreous contaminant-contained calcined product that does not elute contaminants from the radioactive material, and A containment processing methods such as mud.

As a means for solving the problems, the invention according to claim 3, claim 1 or in that the first step of the invention described in the 2, contaminated previously Kiho morphism material is rice straw or grass the dried manure contaminated prior to Kiho morphism substance excreted cows eating as feed, suitably sized and kneaded with manure slag generated, and a predetermined amount of ceramic porcelain earth or ceramic for mineral clays by combustion And the second to fourth steps are the same as the second to fourth steps of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, and the soil contaminated with the high-concentration radioactive material and This is a method for containment of sludge.

As a means for solving the problems, the invention according to claim 4, wherein according as the first step of the invention according to claim 1 or the 2 or the 3, contaminated soil contaminated prior to Kiho morphism substance Alternatively, sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag, sludge, ceramics ceramics, and zeolite powder or shirasu powder alone or mixed powders are kneaded at a predetermined ratio to form a suitable large amount of embryo soil, The fourth step is the same step as the second to fourth steps of the invention described in claim 1, 2 or 3, and a method for containing soil and sludge contaminated by high-concentration radioactive material. It is.

Since the present invention is as described in the first to fourth aspects, the contaminated soil, sludge, manure, and a wide range of contaminants containing the high-concentration radioactive material of 100,000 becquerel or less or 100,000 becquerel or more as described above, for example, contamination of the hot spot, contaminants such as sludge sludge of water treatment facilities, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries of the processing facility, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of environmental treatment facilities, nuclear waste, high decommissioning waste Level-contaminated soil or sludge or silt is kneaded with porcelain earth for ceramics, zeolite, etc., treated by various processes, sealed in glassy, and a glassy fired body that does not elute pollutants due to the radioactive substances (glass To prevent elution from the contaminants over a long period of time, and to reduce radiation and minimize the risk of radioactive contamination. There is an advantage that can create a boundary.

  Furthermore, the present invention treats the contaminated soil, sludge and the like containing the above-mentioned high-concentration radioactive substances by the above-mentioned steps to form a vitreous fired body, so that it has a certain strength and does not break for a long time. It has the advantage of being able to be stored safely.

  Further, the present invention treats the contaminated soil, sludge and the like contaminated with the above-described high-concentration radioactive substances into the glassy fired bodies by the above-mentioned steps, so that these fired bodies are used for a predetermined amount of civil engineering construction. Mix with natural sand at a certain ratio, add water and knead it, cast it into a mold of the appropriate size and shape to make a concrete block material, concrete reclamation cage, storage box outside water box set block and wave extinguishing It has the advantage that it can be effectively used as a fish reef as a block and a revetment block.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a fired body obtained by kneading shirasu into porcelain soil in a containment method such as soil and mud soil contaminated with a high-concentration radioactive substance of the present invention, applying unglazed firewood, and applying glaze.

It is a top view of the sintered body which knead | mixed the zeolite with the same porcelain earth, apply | coating unglazed and glaze, and baked.

It is a top view of the sintered body which knead | mixed the same porcelain earth, zeolite, shirasu, potassium chloride, and cesium chloride, and applied unglazed and glaze, and baked.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the fired body of FIG. 3.

An individual of the clay body, a photograph 1 showing the state of pulverizing the individual, an individual of the ceramic earthenware body, a photo 2 illustrating the state of pulverizing the individual, and the clay body An individual of a fired body that was burned by applying an upper drug, a photograph 3 showing a state in which the individual was pulverized, an individual of a fired body that was burned by applying an upper drug to the ceramic earthenware fired body, It is the photograph 4 which shows the state which grind | pulverized the solid.

Photo 5 of the dissolution tester of the pulverized product of FIG. 5, Photo 6 showing the test state of the pulverized product of FIG. 5 left for 24 hours, and a filtration test of the pulverized product of FIG. FIG. 7 is a photograph 7 showing a test state, and a photograph 8 showing a test state in which atomic absorption measurement is performed on the pulverized product of FIG.

It is a figure which shows the waveform analysis inside a finished product (baking body) porcelain earth.

It is a figure which shows the waveform analysis of the outer side of the porcelain earth of a finished product (baking body).

It is a table | surface which shows the qualitative analysis result and quantitative analysis result of Al, Si, K, and Cs in the contained component inside the clay of a finished product (baked body).

FIG. 10 is a graph of FIG.

It is a table | surface which shows the qualitative analysis result and quantitative analysis result of Al, Si, K, and Cs of the clay outer side of a finished product (baked body).

FIG. 11 is a graph of FIG.

It is a table | surface which shows the qualitative analysis result and quantitative analysis result of Al, Si, K, and Cs inside the porcelain earth of a finished product (baked body).

FIG. 13 is a graph of FIG.

It is a table | surface which shows the qualitative analysis result and quantitative analysis result of Al, Si, K, and Cs of the porcelain soil outer side of a finished product (baking body).

FIG. 15 is a graph of FIG. (Ii) The analysis of all components and the specified components (Si, Al, K, Cs) in FIGS. 7 to 16 were made by Professor Tsuyoshi Arakawa, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Kinki University.

  [Example 1]

The embodiments of the present invention described in claims 1 to 4 will be described collectively as follows.

The present invention is 100,000 becquerels or more radioactive materials or 100,000 becquerels contaminated with less high concentration radioactive soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag, as well as hot spots emitted from the waste furnace or the like of the primary and out of contamination, contamination of the sludge of water treatment facilities, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, sludge contamination of the environment treatment facilities, nuclear waste, high-level contaminated soil of decommissioning waste or sludge or Silute or waste incineration slag, etc., is formed by the first to fourth steps described below, and prevents elution from the high-concentration contaminants contained in the contaminated soil etc. contained in the fired body. In this way, wide-area pollution caused by radiation is prevented to create a safe and secure environment without worry.

In the present invention, the common point in the first steps of the inventions of claims 1 to 4 is the formation of embryo soil.

  The first step of the present invention will be described.

The first step of implementation relating to the invention of claim 1 is that a predetermined amount of the contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag or hot spot contaminants, contaminants such as sludge in water treatment facilities, agriculture and fisheries kneading property octahedrite b fouling dyeing, sludge contaminants environmental treatment facilities, nuclear waste, and the high-level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or refuse incineration slag and the like in the waste furnace waste a predetermined amount of ceramic porcelain earth As a result, a suitable size (such as a spherical or round bar) is formed.

  Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the implementation of the invention according to claim 1, and the waste disposal is caused by the explosion of general garbage or nuclear power plant as an object to be kneaded with a predetermined amount of the ceramic earth for ceramics. It may be a predetermined amount of waste incineration ash slag contaminated with high-concentration radioactive material generated when incineration is performed.

  Further, the present invention provides a sludge slag contaminated with a high-concentration radioactive material generated in a process of producing sewage sludge as an object to be kneaded with a predetermined amount of the ceramic clay for ceramics or mineral clay for ceramics. It may be a predetermined amount.

  The present invention dries or burns manure excreted by cattle that have eaten rice straw or the like contaminated with a high-concentration radioactive substance as a feed as an object to be kneaded with a predetermined amount of the ceramic clay for ceramics or mineral clay for ceramics. It may be a predetermined amount of manure slag generated by this.

  Furthermore, the present invention may be a predetermined amount of a single or mixed powder of zeolite powder or shirasu powder as an object to be kneaded with a predetermined amount of the ceramic clay for ceramics or mineral clay for ceramics.

  The present invention requires porcelain earth used for ceramics in the first step.

  Next, the second step of the present invention will be described.

  In this second step, a suitable large amount of the fertilizer formed in the first step is baked for a ceramic industry at a predetermined temperature (around 750 ° C.) at which the glaze solution described below can penetrate into the interior and surface of the fertilizer. After 2 hours of heating, it is burned for a predetermined time (10 to 12 hours) to form a clay.

  The third step of the present invention will be described.

  In the third step, the above-described glaze solution is applied to the surface of the unglazed porcelain earth formed in the second step and dried, and then dried and then dried by a glaze treatment including feldspar.

  The glaze solution used in the third step comprises the following components.

  The main component of the glaze liquid of the present invention is natural ore (for example, volcanic rock, basalt, granite). This natural ore is rich in various elements, has a fine continuous porous structure and electrostatic energy, is hydrophilic, has the generation of various ions and redox action, and makes harmful substances harmless. There is an action to change.

  Then, molecules such as silicon, aluminum and iron are colloidal (small particles), promote water purification and activation, and have a function of indirectly suppressing the growth of harmful microorganisms.

  Furthermore, the components of the natural ore used for the production of the glaze solution of the present invention are Si, Al, Fe, Ca, K, Na, Ti, P, S, Mn, Cr, Sr, It was detected to be an element such as Cl, Rb, Zr, Ni, Y, Zn, Ga, As.

  The natural ore contains water in the layered or crystallized state from the production process.

  In order to efficiently radiate the electrostatic energy to the outside, it is necessary to perform a primary treatment by firing at a temperature of about 800 ° C. or higher in a high-temperature kiln, and to remove crystals of contained water.

  Therefore, natural ore is pulverized and baked at a calcination temperature based on the total reconstruction temperature to remove moisture, and then pulverized into powder.

This ceramics for glaze _{(SrO, TiO 2, CoO,} FeO, Fe 2 O 3 , etc.) and 90-95 wt% natural ore mineral component based on (commercially available), the glaze ingredients 5-10% by weight, or mineral components 80 A glaze solution is completed by blending ˜95 wt% and 5-20 wt% of the glaze component, adding predetermined water, kneading and aging.

  The above is the glaze liquid used in the present invention.

  The glaze solution is the same as that used in Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-011636 (Eco Resource Slag Effective Utilization Method) filed by the applicant of the present invention.

  The fourth step of the present invention will be described.

  In this fourth step, the unglazed porcelain soil dried by the third step and infiltrated with the glaze solution and increased to about 10 times is again put in a high-temperature firing kiln and heated from around 750 ° C. for 2 hours. After a certain period of time, for example, at a high temperature around 1100 to 1200 ° C. for a predetermined time such as 3 to 6 hours, soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag, sludge, etc. contaminated with the high-concentration radioactive material is removed. A vitreous contaminant-contained fired body is formed which is encapsulated in glass and does not elute the contaminant.

Further, the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that high-concentration radioactivity generated in the process of incinerating disaster waste generated by explosion of general waste or nuclear power plant contaminated with high-concentration radioactive material. Cattle eaten as feed for sludge slag contaminated with high-concentration radioactive material or rice straw contaminated with high-concentration radioactive material generated in the process of generating waste incineration ash or sewage sludge contaminated with the material is excreted the high-concentration radioactive material contaminated manure dried manure slag were produced by the combustion, as well as contamination of the hot spots, contaminants sludge of water treatment facilities, octahedrite b fouling dyeing agricultural and fishery processing facilities, environmental processing Predetermined and predetermined amounts of highly contaminated soil or sludge or sludge, silt contaminated with facility sludge, disaster waste, nuclear waste, decommissioning waste A simple substance or mixed powder of zeolite powder and shirasu powder was kneaded at a predetermined ratio may be formed appropriately sized 胎土.

  The reason why the zeolite powder and the shirasu powder are used in the first step is that the adsorption characteristics of the zeolite are focused.

  That is, zeolite (Zeolite) was first discovered by Cronstedt in 1756 as a kind of clay mineral, and an alkali or rigid ionic skeleton having regular channels (tubular pores) and cavities (cavities). It must be hydrous aluminosilicate containing alkaline earth metal. In Japan, natural zeolite, which is a natural mineral resource, is produced throughout the country. Furthermore, many zeolites and similar substances are artificially synthesized, and some of these synthetic zeolites are widely used industrially.

Further, the adsorption characteristics of zeolite will be described. Zeolite has pores inherent to its structure, and usually has a micropore diameter corresponding to a molecular diameter of 0.2 to 1.0 nm (1 nm = 1 × 10 −9 m). It must be a porous body with Zeolite pores are generally roughly classified according to the pore size at the entrance and exit, and should act as molecular sieves. On the other hand, since the pore diameter is on the molecular order, the molecules entering the pores are adsorbed in the pores, resulting in a decrease in retention. This is the principle of zeolite adsorption, and the adsorption characteristics vary greatly depending on the zeolite species. Various factors affecting the adsorption properties of zeolite are shown below.
(1) Pore structure (dimension, number of ring members, shape)
(2) Pore size control by ion exchange and chemical reaction (3) Hydrophobic control by difference in Si / Al ratio (4) Polarity of adsorbed molecule and adsorbent (5) Diameter and shape of adsorbed molecule (6) Diffusion by temperature Coefficient change

  Thus, the adsorption properties of zeolite depending on various factors can be greatly controlled.

In the present invention, the structure-specific pores of the zeolite having the above-mentioned adsorption characteristics adsorb and trap the high-concentration radioactive substance contained in soil contaminated with the high-concentration radioactive substance.

  Furthermore, the present invention uses shirasu as a substitute for the zeolite or mixed with the zeolite.

  Since the shirasu can be obtained at a lower cost than the zeolite, it is sufficiently useful.

  Further, in the present invention, in addition to the zeolite, it is also possible to use shirasu in powder form and used alone.

  In the present invention, a predetermined amount of the zeolite powder and a predetermined amount of the shirasu powder are mixed, and the predetermined amount of the ceramic clay is kneaded to form the embryo by the same process as described above. May be.

  The components and properties of the shirasu will be described.

  About the distribution and topography of the shirasu.

  Shirasu is distributed mainly in the flat land in the southern part of Kyushu. It is the thickest in the area surrounding the northern Kagoshima Bay, thinning away from the bay and distributed in Hitoyoshi City, Minamata City and Miyazaki City, Miyazaki Prefecture. In Kagoshima Prefecture, the thickness is about several tens of meters, with a maximum thickness of about 150 meters. The hills extending from the northwestern part of Kagoshima City to Hioki City and the Kasanohara Plateau spreading around Kanoya City are almost entirely made up of shirasu. In addition, the table-like hills extending in the vicinity of Kirishima City are formed so that the Shirasu layer overlaps another stratum. The upper surface is flat and constitutes a plateau called the Shirasu Plateau.

  As described above, shirasu is distributed in a familiar place and can be easily obtained at low cost.

  About ingredients and properties of the shirasu.

  The main component of shirasu is volcanic glass made of silicic acid or aluminum oxide, including plagioclase and quartz. Contains 50-58 percent voids and little organics. The specific gravity is as light as about 1.3, and many fine bubbles are contained inside the particles, and the particle specific gravity is as light as 2.30 to 2.50. The tensile strength is small, and it exhibits a complex particle shape, so it exhibits special shear characteristics due to the interlocking effect. Many are white, but grayish white, yellowish brown, grayish black, light purple, and light red are also seen.

  In the natural state, it contains 20 to 25 percent of water, and the strength decreases significantly as the amount of water increases. Because of its low specific gravity and high dispersibility, it tends to be washed away by water, and when trees are peeled off and the formation is exposed, it tends to erode rapidly, and is susceptible to gully erosion that forms a deeply inclined valley. It may be eroded by the groundwater flow to form an underground cavity, and when this collapses, holes and depressions called shirasudrine are formed.

  As described above, the shirasu has 50 to 58% voids, the specific gravity is about 1.3 light, many fine bubbles are contained inside the particles, and the particle specific gravity is also 2.30 to 2.50. And light.

Therefore, the present invention utilizes the properties of shirasu and does not have pores inherent to the structure as in the zeolite, but as described above, there are voids (10 to 58%) and a large number of minute bubbles inside. Thus, the pollutants contained in soil or the like contaminated with high-concentration radioactive materials such as zeolite are adsorbed and trapped.
[Embodiment of sample (fired body)]

  In the present invention, a sample (fired body) was prepared and the sample was analyzed in order to obtain the best embodiment of the present invention. The sample was prepared by the following steps.

  In the first step, as a predetermined amount, 10 kg of porcelain earth is divided into 5 kg each, and kneaded separately from shirasu zeolite, leaving a sample, and the radioactive equivalent of potassium chloride (Kcl) 2.5% (250 g) and Radioactive equivalent cesium chloride (Cs137) 0.5% (50 g) was added and kneaded. Then, a plurality of embryo soils having a predetermined size (length 5 cm, diameter 1.5 cm) were formed and dried.

  Further, in the second step, the unglazed earth was completed by putting it in a kiln for performing unglazed treatment and burning it at around 750 ° C. for 10 to 12 hours.

As a third step, a glaze solution was applied to the surface of the unglazed porcelain soil formed in the second step, dried, and then further multilayered by a glaze treatment containing orthofeldspar and the like, and then dried.

As the fourth step (main baking), the glaze infiltrated in the third step is again heated from around 950 ° C. in a kiln for ceramic industry, and then burned at a high temperature around 1100 to 1200 ° C. for 2 to 6 hours after 2 hours. The glassy fired body was fired.
[Analytical test result of the sample (fired body (porcelain ceramic, clay ceramic)) (Part 1)]

  In the present invention, the Kyushu Environmental Management Association (1-10-1 Matsukadai, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City) was requested to conduct an analytical test of the sample (fired body) fired as described above. As a result of the dissolution test (dissolution), clay ceramics were below the lower limit of determination as shown in Table 1, and did not elute. Moreover, it was confirmed that the porcelain earth ceramic was below the lower limit of determination as shown in Table 2 and did not elute into the ion exchange water.

As described above, ceramic ceramics and clay ceramic fired bodies that have been fired and then fired at around 1200 ° C. after firing equal amounts of radioactive equivalent substances (cesium and potassium) mixed mud and clay are fired at about 1200 ° C. It has been demonstrated that potassium is contained and does not dissolve in distilled water.
[Results of dissolution test of the sample (fired body) (Part 2)]

  In the present invention, the component test of the sample (fired body) fired as described above was also requested to Kyuden Sangyo Co., Ltd. Environment Department (2-18-20 Najima, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City). The component test results (components) are as shown in Table 3.

  The present invention relates to whether or not cesium, which is supposed to be contained in the sintered body of the vitreous pollutant containing fired glass as described above, is contained, and fluorescent X-rays (energy dispersion type manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) Quantitative analysis by was measured. As a result, the total component analysis and the designated component (Si, Al, K, Cs) analysis and the like are as shown in FIGS.

Claims (4)

100,000 becquerels or more radioactive materials or 100,000 Bq following radioactive substances contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag discharged from decommissioning in nuclear as well as hot spots of contaminants, water contamination of sludge treatment facilities, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, sludge contamination of the environment treatment facilities, nuclear waste, high-level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag of decommissioning waste or In the sludge containment process,
As a first step, a predetermined amount of the contaminated soil or the sludge or the silt or the waste incineration ash slag , pollutants of hot spots, sludge pollutants of water treatment facilities, sludge pollutants of agricultural / fishery treatment facilities, environment Kneading high-level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag or sludge in sludge, nuclear waste, and decommissioning waste in a treatment facility with a predetermined amount of porcelain earth for ceramics or mineral clay for ceramics To form an appropriate amount of womb,
As a second step, the clay is burned for a predetermined time at a predetermined temperature at which the glaze solution can permeate into the inside and the surface of the ceramic in a firing kiln for ceramics, and a clay is formed.
As a third step, on the surface of the unglazed porcelain clay, a glaze solution is applied and dried, and after drying, after multiple layers by glaze treatment including orthofeldspar, etc.
As a fourth step, the third step biscuit quality胎土a predetermined time hot combustion at a predetermined elevated temperature again ceramic for firing kiln of the original Hatsunai radioactive or 10 over 100,000 becquerels released from decommissioning of ten thousand becquerels or less of radioactive materials in the contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag, as well as contamination of the hot spot, contamination of the sludge of water treatment facilities, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, Contain polluted soil, sludge, silt, silt or waste incineration slag or sludge in environmental treatment facilities, waste materials from decommissioning, and glass materials that do not elute pollutants from the radioactive materials. Containment treatment method for soil and sludge contaminated by radioactive material, characterized in that it is a fired product containing pollutants. 100,000 becquerels or more radioactive materials or 100,000 Bq following radioactive substances contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag discharged from decommissioning in nuclear as well as hot spots of contaminants, water contamination of sludge treatment facilities, octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, sludge contamination of the environment treatment facilities, nuclear waste, high-level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag of decommissioning waste or In the sludge containment process,
As a first step, a predetermined amount of the contaminated soil or the sludge or the silt or said contaminated waste incineration ash slag, as well as hot spots of contaminants, contaminants sludge water treatment plant, sludge contaminants agricultural and fishery processing facilities , kneaded sludge contaminants environmental treatment facilities, nuclear waste, and the high-level contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag or sludge decommissioning waste, and a predetermined amount of ceramic porcelain earth or ceramic for mineral clay To form a suitable large amount of womb,
As a second step, the clay is burned for 10 to 12 hours at a temperature of about 750 ° C. where the glaze solution can penetrate into the interior and the surface of the ceramic in a combustion kiln for ceramics to form an unglazed clay.
As a third step, after applying and applying a glaze solution to the unglazed porcelain ground surface formed in the second step, after further multilayering with a glaze treatment containing orthofeldspar, etc., and drying,
As a fourth step, the glaze liquid infiltrated solid of the third step is again heated from around 750 ° C. in a firing kiln for ceramic industry, and after 2 hours burned at a high temperature around 1100 to 1200 ° C. for 3 to 6 hours, 100,000 becquerels or more radioactive materials or 100,000 Bq following radioactive substances contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag discharged from decommissioning in nuclear as well as hot spots of contaminants, water contamination of sludge treatment facilities, mud octahedrite Russia dirty dyeing of agriculture and fisheries processing facilities, sludge contamination of the environment treatment facilities, nuclear waste, contaminated soil of decommissioning waste or sludge or silt or waste incineration slag or to Soil and sludge, etc. contaminated by radioactive material, characterized in that it is made into a vitreous contaminant-contained fired body that does not elute contaminants due to the radioactive material Containment processing method. As a first step of the invention according to the claim 1 or the 2, contaminated with by rice straw or grass contamination prior to Kiho morphism material in Kiho morphism material before cattle ate as feed excretes The feces and slag produced by drying and burning the manure and kneaded with a predetermined amount of porcelain clay for ceramics or mineral clay for ceramics to form an appropriate amount of womb, and the second to fourth steps are the same as in claim 1 or A method for containing soil and sludge contaminated with a high-concentration radioactive substance, which is the same as the second to fourth steps of the invention described in Item 2. Wherein as a first step of the invention according to claim 1 or the 2 or the 3, before Kiho morphism material to contaminated contaminated soil or sludge or silt or waste incineration ash slag and mud to, ceramic porcelain earth And zeolite powder or shirasu powder alone or mixed powders are kneaded at a predetermined ratio to form a suitable large amount of soil, and the second to fourth steps are the inventions according to claim 1, 2 or 3 above. Containment treatment method for soil and sludge contaminated by high-concentration radioactive material, which is the same as the second to fourth steps.

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