JP4989229B2 - 位相シフト干渉法に基づく光ファイバー検定装置 - Google Patents
位相シフト干渉法に基づく光ファイバー検定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4989229B2 JP4989229B2 JP2006538490A JP2006538490A JP4989229B2 JP 4989229 B2 JP4989229 B2 JP 4989229B2 JP 2006538490 A JP2006538490 A JP 2006538490A JP 2006538490 A JP2006538490 A JP 2006538490A JP 4989229 B2 JP4989229 B2 JP 4989229B2
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- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/7703—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides
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Description
連邦政府が委託する研究または開発に関する表明
請求項および明細書に用いる用語は、以下に説明、定義するものを除き、従来技術に習熟する者が理解できるような通常の意味で解釈すべきである。請求項および明細書に引用する数字の範囲は、引用した範囲を画成する限界値を含むように解釈すべきである。
本発明の利点および有用性を、図と、以下に更に詳細に説明する実施例とを参照して説明する。これらの実施例は、ラベルを使用せず、費用をかけず、見込まれる毒性を低減しつつ、リアルタイムで検体結合反応を監視する各能力が含まれる。更なる利点には、可視光波長の光源を用いて本方法を実施する能力が含まれる。更に他の利点は、検出器先端部の光ファイバーの性質により提供されるものであって、「生体の(in vitro)」空間内を含む、非常に小さな試料容積中で、結合反応を監視できるとともに、ファイバーを束にして結合反応の高多重化分析を実行できる。
以下は、本発明を実行するための特定の実施の形態の例である。本実施例は、説明のみを目的として提供するものであり、本発明の範囲を何ら制限するものではない。使用する数字(例えば、数量、温度等)に関しては正確さを確保するよう努力はしたが、多少の実験の誤差および偏差は言うまでもなく許容されるべきである。
T.E. Creighton著、「蛋白質:構造および分子特性」(W.H. Freeman and Company, 1993年); A.L. Lehninger著、「生化学」(Worth Publishers, Inc. 現行版); Sambrook他著、「分子クローン化:実験室マニュアル」(2版、1989年); 「酵素学における方法論」(S. Colowick and N. Kaplan eds. Academia Press, Inc.); 「Remingtonの薬学」18版(Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Company、1990年); Carey およびSundberg著「上級有機化学第3版」(Plenum Press)Vol.AおよびB(1992年)。
本実施例は、センサ先端部に固定した小分子への、蛋白質の結合、および後続の多数の抗体の結合を検出する能力を実証する。光ファイバー先端部上の2層構成をこの試験に用いる。第1のTa2O5層の厚さは25nm、第2のSiO2層の厚さは770nmである。ファイバーは、Ocean Optics(Dunedin、 Florida)から購入した。それを長さ40mmの断片に手で切断した。これら断片の両端を標準ミラー面の品位にまで研磨した。ここで用いた研磨方法は、光学レンズおよびミラーで用いられるものと全く同一である。これらのファイバー断片の一面に、Ta2O5層、およびSiO2層を付けるために、光学コーティング企業に外注した。このベンダーは、Leybold社製のイオンビームアシスト物理蒸着(IAPVD)コーターを利用した。IAPVDは、反射防止および光フィルタ用の普通に用いられるコーティング技法である。実験のステップには以下が含まれる(特に注記しない限り、全てのステップを室温で実行する)。
本実施例は、生体分子相互作用の動力学および親和性を測定する生体分子相互作用分析法(BIA)を実行するために用いた本発明を説明する。実施例1で説明した同じ先端部構成を用いた。実験は以下のステップを含んでいた(特に注記のない限り、全てのステップを室温で実行する)。
本実験は、2つの抗体およびそれぞれの抗原に対するON−OFF曲線測定による親和性定数計算を実証する。独自の抗体には、Ab−1、AB−2とラベル付けした。抗原の分子量は約30キロダルトンであった。実施例1で説明した同じ先端部構成を用いた。実施例2で説明したものと同一のメルカプトシランファイバー生成法を用いた。実験ステップには以下が含まれる(特に注記のない限り、全てのステップは室温で実行する)。
実施例1で説明した同じ先端部構成を用いた。実施例2で説明したものと同一のメルカプトシランファイバー生成法を用いた。メルカプトシランでコーティングしたファイバーを、DMF(Sigma−Aldrich Chemical Company、St Louis、MO;cat#494488)中のスルホSMCC(Pierce Biotechnology、Rockford IL;Cat#22322)の50mg/mL溶液の50μL内にセンサ先端部を2時間浸漬させることにより活性化した。センサ先端部はDMF内で簡単にすすいで、乾燥させた。
本実施例は、固定化した大分子量の分子に結合する低分子量の分子の結合を説明する。実施例4で説明した同じNHSエステル終端面、および実施例1で説明した同じ先端部構成を用いて、抗ビオチン抗体を3本のファイバーに固定化した。抗体の固定化は、PBS中の、マウスの抗ビオチン抗体(Biodesign、SacoMN;cat#H61504M)の20μg/mL溶液に、活性化したファイバーを室温で1時間浸漬することにより達成した。先端部をPBSで2分間すすいだ。PBSのすすぎの後、先端部を100μMエタノールアミンpH8.5(Sigma−Aldrich Chemical Company、St Louis、MO;cat#E9508)の水溶液で5分間冷却し、次いで、PBS内で2分間再度すすいだ。
Claims (31)
- 干渉に基づき試料内の検体を検出する際に使用するアセンブリであって、
光ファイバーの先端部に取り付け可能であって、該ファイバー先端部のサイズに適合しており、該ファイバーを経由して光源に結合するようになされた光素子を備えてなり、
前記光素子は、透明材料と、第1反射面と、該透明材料によって該第1反射面から隔てられた第2反射面とを備え、
前記第1および第2反射面は、少なくとも50nm離間されており、
前記第2反射面が、前記光素子の透明材料の屈折率を超える屈折率を有する材料層を備え、
前記第1反射面は検体結合分子層を備え、該検体結合分子層に試料内の検体が結合するに伴い、前記第1及び第2反射面からファイバーへと反射される光の干渉が変化する、ことを特徴とするアセンブリ。 - 前記光素子の透明材料は、前記第1反射面と同様の屈折率を有する、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記第1および第2反射面の間の離間量が、100nmから5000nmまでの間である、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記第1および第2反射面の間の離間量が、400nmから1000nmまでの間である、請求項3のアセンブリ。
- 前記光素子の透明材料の屈折率が、1.8未満である、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記光素子の透明材料が、SiO2および透明高分子から成るグループから選定した材料である、請求項5のアセンブリ。
- 前記透明高分子が、ポリスチレンまたはポリエチレンを含む、請求項6のアセンブリ。
- 前記第2反射面が、屈折率が1.8を超える材料の層を含む、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記第2反射面の層が、Ta2O5を含む、請求項8のアセンブリ。
- 前記第2反射面の層の厚さが、5nmから50nmまでの間である、請求項9のアセンブリ。
- 前記検体結合分子層が、蛋白質、小分子、核酸、および炭水化物から成るグループから選択した分子を含む、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記蛋白質は、アビジン、ストレプトアビジン、抗体、および抗体断片から成るグループから選択される、請求項11のアセンブリ。
- 前記光素子を前記ファイバーに係合する機械的結合手段を更に具備する、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記機械的結合手段が、前記光素子と前記ファイバーとの間にエアギャップを提供する、請求項13のアセンブリ。
- 前記エアギャップが100nm未満である、請求項14のアセンブリ。
- 前記エアギャップが2μmを超える、請求項14のアセンブリ。
- 前記検体結合分子層に検体が結合するに伴い、前記第1及び第2反射面の間の光路長が増大する、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記検体結合分子層に検体が結合するに伴い、前記第1及び第2反射面の間の物理的距離が増大する、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記検体結合分子層に検体が結合するに伴い、前記第1及び第2反射面の間の物理的距離が減少する、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記検体結合分子層に検体が結合するに伴い、前記第1及び第2反射面の間に配置した材料の屈折率が変化し、前記屈折率変化が、前記反射ビーム間の干渉の変化を引き起こす、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記検体結合分子層に検体が結合するに伴い、前記第1及び第2反射面の間に配置した材料の光吸収が変化し、前記光吸収変化が、前記反射ビーム間の干渉の変化を引き起こす、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記検体結合分子層に検体が結合するに伴い、前記検体結合分子層が膨潤し、前記膨潤が、前記反射ビーム間の干渉の変化を引き起こす、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記光素子が、前記光ファイバー端部へ恒久的に取り付けられる、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 前記光素子が、前記光ファイバー端部に脱着可能に取り付けることができる、請求項1のアセンブリ。
- 請求項1乃至24のいずれかに記載されたアセンブリを複数個具備してなる2次元的アレイ。
- 請求項1乃至24のいずれかに記載されたアセンブリと、
前記第1および前記第2反射面上に光を導くための光源と、
前記第1および前記第2反射面から光を受け取り、前記第1反射面を前記検体に曝した時の前記第1反射面の光学的厚さ変化を検出する検出器と
を備えることを特徴とする検体検出装置。 - 請求項25に記載された2次元的アレイと、
前記第1および前記第2反射面上に光を導くための光源と、
前記第1および前記第2反射面から光を受け取り、前記第1反射面前記検体に曝した時の前記第1反射面の光学的厚さ変化を検出する検出器と
を備えることを特徴とする検体検出装置。 - 光ファイバーと、該光ファイバーの先端部のサイズに適合していて、該光ファイバーの先端部に取り付けられ、該光ファイバーを経由して光源に結合するようになされた光素子とを備えるアセンブリであって、前記光素子は、透明材料と、第1反射面と、該透明材料によって該第1反射面から隔てられた第2反射面とを備え、前記第1反射面および第2反射面は少なくとも50nm離間されており、前記第2反射面は前記光素子透明材料の屈折率を超える屈折率を有する材料の層を備え、前記第1反射面は検体結合分子層を結合し、該検体結合分子層に検体が結合するに伴い前記第1及び第2反射面からファイバーへと反射される光の干渉が変化するものと、
前記検体結合分子層を前記第1反射面に結合するための指示と
で構成されるキット。 - 前記第1反射面を化学的に変更するための試薬、および前記試薬を用いるための指示を更に備える、請求項28のキット。
- 請求項26に記載された検体検出装置を使用して、試料中の検体を検出するための方法であって、
試料を提供するステップと、
前記検体検出装置の前記第1反射面を前記試料に曝すステップと、
前記曝すステップを実行した結果、前記第1反射面の光学的厚さに変化が生じたかどうかを判定するステップと
を備える方法。 - 請求項27に記載された検体検出装置を使用して、試料中の検体を検出するための方法であって、
試料を提供するステップと、
前記検体検出装置の前記第1反射面を前記試料に曝すステップと、
前記曝すステップを実行した結果、前記第1反射面の光学的厚さに変化が生じたかどうかを判定するステップと
を備える方法。
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EP1685367B1 (en) | 2008-10-22 |
JP2012103272A (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
DE602004017349D1 (de) | 2008-12-04 |
US7394547B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 |
JP5487380B2 (ja) | 2014-05-07 |
US7728982B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 |
US8305585B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 |
EP1685367A4 (en) | 2007-04-18 |
US20100238453A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
US20080186505A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
EP2026060B1 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
JP2007510907A (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
HK1135774A1 (en) | 2010-06-11 |
ATE412171T1 (de) | 2008-11-15 |
DE602004025868D1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
WO2005047854A2 (en) | 2005-05-26 |
WO2005047854A3 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
EP2026060A1 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
EP1685367A2 (en) | 2006-08-02 |
US20050254062A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
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