JP4845533B2 - Electric bicycle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric bicycle, and more particularly to an attachment structure for the motor unit.

  Electric bicycles that can easily travel on hills and the like have already been put into practical use by adding the auxiliary driving force of a motor unit equipped with an electric motor to the driving force by human power. In this type of electric bicycle, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, a lower pipe (sometimes called a main pipe) 52, a standing pipe 53, and a chain stay 54 are provided by a single support bracket 51 that supports the motor unit 50. Is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1). 8 and 9, 55 is a crankshaft, 60 is a pedal, and 56 in FIG. 10 is a case (unit case) of the motor unit 50.

  According to this frame structure, since the motor unit 50 can be arranged at a position near the lower center of the electric bicycle and has a low center of gravity, for example, as shown in Patent Document 2 and the like, the motor unit is arranged from the lower pipe to the center. Compared to the arrangement and the structure shown in Patent Document 3, for example, where the motor unit is arranged at the center of the rear wheel, the running stability is better, and it is easier to handle when pushing and walking. improves.

  However, according to the mounting structure of the motor unit 50 disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, the crankshaft 55 that receives the driver's pedaling force is held by the motor unit 50, and the entire motor unit 50 is supported by the support bracket 51. Therefore, the motor unit 50 itself needs to be a strength component that improves the strength of the vehicle body. Therefore, a thick metal having sufficient strength must be used as the unit case 56 of the motor unit 50, and as a result, there is a problem that the weight of the unit case 56 is increased. Further, if aluminum or magnesium alloy is used as the unit case 56 in order to reduce the weight as much as possible, the material cost of the unit case 56 becomes very expensive. Furthermore, the support bracket 51 that supports the motor unit 50 must also be made heavy in accordance with the motor unit 50, resulting in a further increase in weight. As a result, the weight of the entire electric bicycle is also great. There was a problem.

  In order to cope with this, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 14, the present inventors have provided bearing portions (ball bearings) 73 and 74 that rotatably support the crankshaft 72 in the unit case 71 of the motor unit 70. Bearing brackets 71a and 71b for holding (see FIG. 13) are integrally formed, and these bearing holding portions 71a and 71b are supported by cylindrical dummy hanger portions 76a and 76b disposed below the hanger lugs 75. A structure in which the motor unit 70 is fixed below the hanger lug 75 via the support bracket 76 has been devised (see Patent Document 4). In FIG. 11, 77 is a pedal, 78 is a lower pipe, 79 is a vertical pipe, 80 is a chain stay, and 81 is a battery.

According to this structure, the pedaling force and the weight acting on the crankshaft 72 can be favorably received by the support bracket 76 via the bearing portions 73 and 74 and the bearing holding portions 71a and 71b of the unit case 71. The entire case 71 does not have to be made of metal, and as a part thereof, an inexpensive and light material such as a resin can be used. As a result, it is compared with the mounting structure of the motor unit 50 disclosed in Patent Document 1. Thus, there is an advantage that the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the weight can be reduced.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-207859 JP-A-6-227474 JP-A-8-297059 Japanese Patent No. 3568502

  However, as disclosed in Patent Document 4 described above, in the structure in which the motor unit 70 is disposed below the hanger lug 75, the hanger lug 75 is positioned above the motor unit 70. The connection portion of the lower pipe 78 thus arranged has to be arranged somewhat upward, and there is a problem that it is difficult to remove the foot from above the lower pipe 78 when getting on and off the electric bicycle.

  Further, although the weight can be reduced when compared with the mounting structure of the motor unit 50 disclosed in Patent Document 1, a metal support bracket 76 having dummy hanger portions 76a and 76b having sufficient strength is required. This increases the weight and the manufacturing cost.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and the motor unit can be disposed at a position near the lower part of the center of the electric bicycle. Further, while maintaining good strength, the weight can be further reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Moreover, an object of the present invention is to provide an electric bicycle that can be easily pulled out from above the lower pipe.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a crankshaft for inputting human power driving force, a bearing portion for rotatably supporting the crankshaft, a bearing holding portion for holding the bearing portion, and an auxiliary force applied to the human power driving force. An electric motor as an auxiliary driving force generating source for generating a driving force , a speed reduction unit, a human power driving force detecting means for detecting a human driving force, and a motor unit having a unit case, the bearing holding portion of the motor unit and a crank shaft insertion portion provided with a bearing portion and a human power detecting means is disposed in Hangaragu, to rotatably support the crankshaft through the bearing holding portion and the bearing portion of the motor unit by Hangaragu arrangement and then, in the unit case, and the portion where the electric motor and the reduction unit is provided, and the human power detecting means is provided the crankshaft insertion portion, of each other It is part space, characterized in that a unit in a state of being separated. In addition, a unit case in which the portion of the motor unit in which the electric motor and the speed reduction portion are provided and the crankshaft insertion portion in which the manpower driving force detecting means is provided form one side surface of the motor unit. It is characterized by being unitized by connecting in a cantilevered manner .

  With this configuration, the motor unit is disposed in the hanger lug via the bearing holding portion thereof, so that the motor unit can be disposed at a position near the lower center of the electric bicycle and has a low center of gravity. Since the crankshaft is rotatably supported via the holding portion and the bearing portion, the manpower driving force (stepping force) acting on the crankshaft is received well by the hanger lug, and the motor unit has rigidity (strength) against the manpower driving force. It is not necessary so much, and it is not necessary to use an inexpensive and light material such as a resin as a case of the motor unit or the like, and it is not necessary to provide a dummy hanger portion or the like. As a result, the weight can be reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the hanger lug can be arranged below the hanger lug compared to the structure in which the motor unit is arranged below the hanger lug. The connecting part can also be arranged below, making it easy to remove the foot from the top of the lower pipe, improving usability.

  As described above, according to the present invention, since the motor unit is attached to the hanger lug, the motor unit can be disposed at a position near the lower part of the center of the electric bicycle, has a low center of gravity, has good running stability, and Since the crankshaft is rotatably supported by the hanger lug, the hanger lug can be arranged further downward while using a cheap and light material for the case of the motor unit and reducing the manufacturing cost. It becomes easy to remove the foot from the top of the lower pipe, improving usability. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to provide a support bracket or the like, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the description of this embodiment, left and right are described as directions corresponding to the left and right direction (toward the traveling direction) of the passenger in a posture in which the passenger of the electric bicycle has boarded in the traveling direction. To do.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, also in the electric bicycle according to the embodiment of the present invention, a crankshaft 1 for inputting a driving force by human power, and bearing portions 2 and 3 for pivotally supporting the crankshaft 1. A motor unit 6 having a bearing holding portion 4a, 4b of the motor unit 6 that holds the bearing portions 2, 3 and an electric motor 5 as an auxiliary driving force generation source that generates an auxiliary driving force to be added to the driving force by human power. Is provided. However, in the electric bicycle according to the embodiment of the present invention, unlike the conventional electric bicycle disclosed in Patent Document 4 (see FIGS. 11 to 14), the bearings 2 and 3 are held. Bearing holding portions 4 a and 4 b (and a crankshaft insertion portion 6 </ b> A described later) of the motor unit 6 are disposed in a hanger lug 7 that connects the standing pipe 8, the chain stay 9, and the lower pipe 10. The crankshaft 1 is rotatably supported by the hanger lug 7 via the bearing holding portions 4 a and 4 b and the bearing portions 2 and 3 of the motor unit 6.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the hanger lug 7 has a main cylindrical portion in which bearing holding portions 4a and 4b of the motor unit 6 and a crankshaft insertion portion 6A described later are accommodated. In addition to 7a, there are a vertical pipe connecting cylindrical portion 7c connected to the vertical pipe 8, a chain stay connecting cylindrical portion 7d connected to the chain stay 9, and a lower pipe connecting cylindrical portion 7e connected to the lower pipe 10. The shape is integrally welded. In FIG. 1, 11 is a pedal, 12 is a large gear fixed so as to rotate integrally with the crankshaft 1, 13 is a battery for supplying power to the motor unit 6, etc., and 17 is a battery auxiliary attachment for holding the battery. Metal fitting 25 is a chain that spans over the large gear 12 and a small gear (not shown) provided on the rear wheel 27, 26 is a front wheel, 4 in FIG. 3 is a unit case that forms the outer shell of the motor unit 6, Reference numeral 24 denotes an output gear that outputs an auxiliary driving force from the motor unit 6, and 34 denotes a tensioner that keeps the tension of the chain 25 in an appropriate state.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of the motor unit 6 (strictly speaking, the crankshaft insertion portion 6A, the motor portion 6B, and the reduction gear 14 described later are slightly shifted in the vertical direction. Although it is arranged at a position, it is illustrated so as to be in the same plane for easy understanding of the structure). As shown in FIG. 5, the motor unit 6 includes a substantially cylindrical crankshaft insertion portion 6A in which the crankshaft 1 is inserted in the lateral direction, a motor portion 6B in which the electric motor 5 is accommodated, and a reduction gear 14. In addition, the speed reduction unit 6C in which the output shaft 15 is accommodated and the control unit 6D in which the control board 16 and the like are accommodated are covered with the unit case 4 so as to be integrated.

  The crankshaft insertion portion 6A of the motor unit 6 disposed in the main cylindrical portion 7a of the hanger lug 7 includes a left bearing portion 2 composed of a bearing bearing that rotatably supports the left portion of the crankshaft 1, and a crank A right bearing portion comprising a bearing bearing that rotatably supports the crankshaft 1 via an interlocking exterior shaft 18 that is externally fitted to the right portion of the crankshaft 1 so as to rotate integrally with the shaft 1 and the large gear 12. 3 and a torque sensor 20 as a human power driving force detecting means that is disposed in a state of maintaining a predetermined gap with respect to the crank exterior shaft 19 that is exteriorly mounted on the crankshaft 1 and that detects torque caused by a pedaling force acting on the crankshaft 1. Etc. are built-in. That is, by reducing the size of the torque sensor 20 that detects the pedaling force (human power driving force: human power driving torque) acting on the crankshaft 1, the crankshaft insertion portion 6A provided with the torque sensor 20 is disposed in the hanger lug 7. is doing. And the bearing parts 2 and 3 are covered and hold | maintained from the outer periphery by the bearing holding parts 4a and 4b formed in the crankshaft insertion part 6A in the unit case 4 of the motor unit 6, and these bearing holding parts 4a and 4b are outlined. Specifically, it is formed so as to extend and connect in a tubular shape in the lateral direction (in this embodiment, it is formed in a tubular shape so that the right bearing holding portion 4b has a larger diameter than the left bearing holding portion 4a). The crankshaft insertion portion 6A is configured. In this embodiment, the auxiliary driving force corresponding to the pedaling force detected by the torque sensor 20 is controlled to be output from the electric motor 5 of the motor unit 6.

  The motor unit 6B of the motor unit 6 houses the electric motor 5, and a motor drive shaft 23 is rotatably supported by motor bearings 21 and 22 including bearing bearings. Further, a gear portion formed on one end side of the motor drive shaft 23 is inserted into the speed reduction portion 6C, meshed with the speed reduction gear 14 in the speed reduction portion 6C, and one end portion of the output shaft 15 protruding from the unit case 4. The driving force is transmitted to the output gear 24 attached to. Then, the output gear 24 is also meshed with the chain 25 whose front side is meshed with the large gear 12, and the manual driving force by the stepping force and the auxiliary driving force from the motor unit 6 are combined and transmitted to the chain 25. The rear wheel 27 is rotated by this combined driving force. Reference numerals 28 and 29 in FIG. 5 denote output bearings that rotatably support the output shaft 15. Further, a control unit 6D in which the control board 16 and the like are accommodated is disposed in front of the deceleration unit 6C. In this embodiment, the unit case 4 of the motor unit 6 includes a first case portion 4c that covers the motor portion 6B, a second case portion 4d that covers the left side portions of the speed reduction portion 6C and the control portion 6D, and a speed reduction portion. 6C, the control unit 6D, and the third case portion 4e that covers the right side portion of the crankshaft insertion portion 6A and the fourth case portion 4f that covers a portion other than the right side wall of the crankshaft insertion portion 6A are coupled by screws or the like. This is a combined configuration.

  Here, each case part 4c-4f is formed with the synthetic resin material with comparatively durability, for example, while being reduced in weight and being manufactured at low cost by resin molding. Further, the left end cylindrical portion of the fourth case portion 4f covering the crankshaft insertion portion 6A constitutes a bearing holding portion 4a for holding the bearing portion 2, and the right end cylindrical portion of the fourth case portion 4f and the inner side thereof. The cylindrical portion of the third case portion 4e fitted to the bearing constitutes a bearing holding portion 4b (4ba, 4bb) that holds the bearing portion 3. It should be noted that only a part of the case parts (for example, the third case part 4e, the fourth case part 4f, etc.) can be made of a metal material as necessary, for example, to improve the heat dissipation of the control part 6D. However, in this case, the weight is slightly increased.

  Further, a plurality of flange portions 4fa and 4ea for mounting the motor unit 6 are provided on the end surface of the right cylindrical portion of the fourth case portion 4f and the portion of the third case portion 4e corresponding thereto (in this embodiment) 2) are provided. Corresponding to this, the hanger lug 7 also has a mounting piece 7b formed on the right side so as to protrude outward, and the crankshaft insertion portion 6A is inserted into the hanger lug 7 and stored. The motor unit 6 is inserted into the hanger lug 7 by inserting the mounting screw 30 in a state where the flange portions 4fa, 4ea of the unit 6 and the mounting piece 7b of the hanger lug 7 are combined. 6 is attached. A mounting boss 4g through which the mounting screw 31 is inserted is also integrally formed on the rear upper side of the unit case 4 of the motor unit 6, and an auxiliary mounting bracket 32 assembled across the left and right chain stays 9; By passing through the mounting boss 6f and fixing with the mounting screw 31, the rear portion of the motor unit 6 is supported in an auxiliary manner. The auxiliary mounting bracket 32 and the battery auxiliary mounting bracket 17 can be attached to the frame forming the vehicle body as separate brackets, but can be processed into an integrated type in order to reduce the weight.

  In this embodiment, as schematically shown by phantom lines in FIG. 5, hanger lugs other than the insertion hole portion through which the crankshaft 1 is inserted in the left end portion of the crankshaft insertion portion 6 </ b> A of the motor unit 6 are provided. 7 is substantially completely covered by a cover portion 7f formed integrally with the left side wall portion of the main cylindrical portion 7a. Further, both end portions of the main cylindrical portion 7a of the hanger lug 7 are cylindrical holding portions 7aa and 7ab for holding the bearing holding portions 4a and 4b (4ba) in the crankshaft insertion portion 6A. The portion 7aa is smaller in diameter than the right cylindrical holding portion 7ab, and these cylindrical holding portions 7aa, 7ab and bearing holding portions 4a, 4b (4ba) in the crankshaft insertion portion 6A of the motor unit 6 are provided. The bearing holding portions 4a and 4b that hold the bearing portions 2 and 3 in a good contact state are held in a better contact state. That is, in the cylindrical part between the cylindrical holding parts 7aa and 7ab on both ends of the main cylindrical part 7a of the hanger lug 7, the crankshaft insertion part 6A and the main cylindrical part 7a are arranged in a state having a gap, A part of these portions are not allowed to come into contact with each other due to manufacturing errors or the like, and an excessive force is not applied.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5 and the like, instead of integrally forming the cylindrical holding portion 7aa in the main cylindrical portion 7a of the hanger lug 7 by reducing the diameter, the main cylinder of the hanger lug 7 is shown in FIGS. The left-side wall portion of the hanger lug 7 may have the same diameter at the left-side portion, and the opening portion may be covered with the lid member 33. In this case, the outer periphery of the lid member 33 An annular portion 33a extending from the right to the right may constitute a bearing holding portion that covers and holds the left bearing holding portion 4a of the crankshaft insertion portion 6A of the motor unit 6 from the outer periphery. Also in this case, the main cylindrical portion 7a of the left bearing holding portion 4a hanger lug 7 holds the bearing holding portions 4a and 4b of the crankshaft insertion portion 6A (that is, the annular portion 33a and the main portion of the lid member 33). In the portions other than the cylindrical holding portion 7ab) of the cylindrical portion 7a, the crankshaft insertion portion 6A and the main cylindrical portion 7a are configured to have a gap, and some of these portions are manufacturing errors. For example, it is desirable to prevent excessive force from acting on one side.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the right bearing portion 3 is held by the bearing holding portion 4b formed in the third case portion 4e, and the outer periphery thereof is formed in the fourth case portion 4f. Although the rigidity (strength) of this portion is improved by covering with the bearing holding portion 4b, the present invention is not limited to this, and the bearing holding portion 4b may be formed only in one of the case portions.

  Further, in this embodiment, the control unit 6D side of the motor unit 6 and the crankshaft insertion portion 6A are connected by the third case portion 4e of the unit case 4 constituting the right outer shell portion of the motor unit 6. Although the case where it is supported in a cantilever shape is shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and a part of the lid member 33 (shown in FIGS. 6 and 7) that forms the left side wall portion of the hanger lug 7 is extended rearward. The extension portion is coupled to the motor portion 6B of the motor unit 6 through screws or the like, and the crankshaft insertion portion 6A of the motor unit 6 and the motor portion 6B are decelerated at the left and right sides of the hanger lug 7. It is good also as a structure which couple | bonds the part 6C and the control part 6D.

  With the above configuration, the crankshaft insertion portion 6A having the bearing holding portions 4a and 4b of the motor unit 6 is disposed in the hanger lug 7 and the motor unit 6 is attached. It can be arranged at a lower position in the center, has a low center of gravity, and has good running stability.

  Further, since the crankshaft 1 is rotatably supported by the hanger lug 7 through the bearing holding portions 4a and 4b and the bearing portions 2 and 3 of the motor unit 6, the manpower driving force (stepping force) acting on the crankshaft 1 from the pedal 11 is supported. However, it hardly acts on the motor unit 6 and is satisfactorily received by the hanger lug 7 via the bearing holding portions 4 a and 4 b and the bearing portions 2 and 3. Therefore, the motor unit 6 as a whole does not require much rigidity (strength) with respect to human driving force, and even if an inexpensive and light material such as resin is used as the unit case 4 of the motor unit 6, there is no problem. No dummy hanger portion 76b as shown in FIG. As a result, the weight can be reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the hanger lug 7 can be compared with the structure in which the motor unit 70 is arranged below the hanger lug 75 as shown in FIGS. Since it can arrange | position below, the connection part of the lower pipe 10 connected to this hanger lug 7 can also be arrange | positioned below, it becomes easy to pull out a leg from the upper part of the lower pipe 10, and usability improves. Further, since it is not necessary to provide the support bracket 76 as shown in FIG. 14, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.

  In the unit case 4, a portion for holding the motor bearings 21 and 22 that rotatably support the motor drive shaft 23 of the electric motor 5 and an output gear 24 that outputs an auxiliary driving force from the motor unit 6 are rotatable. A relatively large force also acts on the places where the supporting output bearings 28 and 29 are supported, but these places also have bearing holding portions 4a for holding the bearing portions 2 and 3 that rotatably support the crankshaft 1. , 4b, the driver's weight and pedaling force do not act. Therefore, in these places, there is no problem even if the structure is supported only by the bearing holding portion made of a resin material.

  Furthermore, according to the above-described embodiment, the lower pipe 10 can be connected so that the lower pipe 10 comes out from the portion of the hanger lug 7 on which the crankshaft 1 is disposed. Further, as described above, by reducing the size of the torque sensor 20 that detects the pedaling force (manpower driving force: human power driving torque) acting on the crankshaft 1, the crankshaft insertion portion 6A provided with the torque sensor 20 is Although it can arrange | position favorably in the hanger lug 7, it is not restricted to this, The same structure is applicable also to what has the manual driving force measuring means which detects a manual driving force in other places It is.

1 is a side view of an electric bicycle according to an embodiment of the present invention (with a chain cover and the like omitted). Side view of the electric bicycle motor unit and its vicinity The perspective view which shows the assembly state of the motor unit of the electric bicycle and its vicinity Partial cutaway plan view showing a state in which the motor unit of the electric bicycle and its rear part are assembled Cross-sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of the motor unit of the electric bicycle (strictly speaking, the crankshaft insertion portion, the motor portion, the reduction gear, etc. are arranged at positions slightly shifted in the vertical direction. In order to make the structure easy to understand, they are shown in the same plane.) The perspective view which shows the assembly state of the motor unit which concerns on the modification of the same electric bicycle, and its vicinity location Partially cutaway plan view showing a state where the motor unit according to the modification and the rear part thereof are assembled Side view of a conventional electric bicycle Side view of the conventional electric bicycle (without pedals and chain cover) (A) Side view of a motor unit in the conventional electric bicycle, (b) Side view showing a state when the motor unit is assembled Side view of other conventional electric bicycles The perspective view of the motor unit in the other conventional electric bicycle Partial cutaway front view of the motor unit Partial cutaway side view of the motor unit

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crankshaft 2, 3 Bearing part 4 Unit case 4a, 4b Bearing holding part 5 Electric motor 6 Motor unit 6A Crankshaft insertion part 6B Motor part 6C Deceleration part 6D Control part 7 Hanger lug 8 Standing pipe 9 Chain stay 10 Lower pipe 11 Pedal 12 large gear 13 battery 20 torque sensor (manual driving force detecting means)
25 chain

Claims (2)

As a crankshaft for inputting human power driving force, a bearing portion for rotatably supporting the crankshaft, a bearing holding portion for holding the bearing portion, and an auxiliary driving force generation source for generating auxiliary driving force to be added to the human power driving force An electric motor, a speed reduction portion, a human power driving force detecting means for detecting a human power driving force, and a motor unit having a unit case ,
A crankshaft insertion portion provided with a bearing holding portion of the motor unit, a bearing portion, and a manpower driving force detecting means is disposed in the hanger lug, and the crankshaft is interposed by the hanger lug through the bearing holding portion and the bearing portion of the motor unit. Is arranged to support the rotation ,
In the unit case, the portion where the electric motor and the speed reduction portion are provided and the crankshaft insertion portion where the human driving force detecting means is provided are unitized with their internal spaces separated from each other. Electric bicycle. A portion of the unit case in which the portion of the motor unit where the electric motor and the speed reduction portion are provided and the crankshaft insertion portion where the manual driving force detection means is provided form one side surface of the motor unit. The electric bicycle according to claim 1, wherein the electric bicycle is unitized by connecting in a cantilever manner .

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