JP4749559B2 - Dehumidifying air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dehumidifying air conditioner that can perform highly efficient air conditioning even with low-temperature waste heat such as boiler waste heat.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The dehumidifying air conditioner dehumidifies external moisture by adsorption or absorption, creates dry air, cools and supplies it. Such dehumidifying air conditioners do not use chlorofluorocarbons, and because they use heat as a driving energy source, they can use various types of energy such as gas combustion heat, exhaust heat, or solar heat, thus reducing carbon dioxide emissions. It has many features such as being able to suppress power peaks in summer.
[0003]
A conventional dehumidifying air conditioner will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes a blower that sends the atmospheric OA to the adsorption zone 3 of the dehumidifying rotor 2. As a result, the air rises in temperature and becomes dry air. Here, the dehumidifying rotor 2 is a paper in which a honeycomb (honeycomb) -like paper is loaded with a moisture absorbent such as silica gel or zeolite, and is rotated by a motor (not shown) via a belt or the like (not shown). It is driven.
[0004]
The air that has exited the adsorption zone 3 of the dehumidifying rotor 2 passes through one passage 5 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4, thereby lowering the temperature of the dry air. Here, in the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4, as shown in FIG. 2, the corrugated aluminum foil or synthetic resin film and the flat aluminum foil or synthetic resin film alternate and the wave directions alternate. And has two passages orthogonal to each other, and sensible heat exchange is performed between the passages. Further, the gases passing through the two passages are not mixed.
[0005]
Dry air that has exited one passage 5 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 enters a water spray nozzle 6. The water spray nozzle 6 sprays water onto the air passing therethrough and cools it with the heat of vaporization of water. The air that has exited the water spray nozzle 6 and further cooled down is supplied to the room as supply air SA.
[0006]
The indoor air RA is sucked by the blower 7 and first enters a pipe line provided with the water spray nozzle 8. Since indoor air is generally not 100% relative humidity, water is vaporized and cooled by the water spray nozzle 8.
[0007]
The air cooled by the water spray nozzle 8 passes through the other passage 9 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4, lowers the temperature of one passage 5 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4, and increases the temperature to increase the heater 10. to go into. Here, the heater 10 is a gas burner that burns combustible gas such as natural gas or propane gas, or a radiator through which hot water is passed. Alternatively, as long as the heater 10 is a heating unit, it may be a unit such as high-temperature exhaust gas from another combustion device or a mixed gas of high-temperature exhaust gas and air.
[0008]
The air heated by the heater 10 passes through the desorption zone 11 of the dehumidification rotor 2, desorbs moisture adsorbed by the moisture absorbent of the dehumidification rotor 2, and is released to the atmosphere as exhaust EA by the blower 7.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional dehumidifying air conditioner as described above desorbs the dehumidifying rotor 2 with air heated through the heater 10. In order to desorb the dehumidifying rotor 2, the air passing through the desorption zone 11 needs to have a lower relative humidity than the air passing through the adsorption zone 3, and the larger the difference in relative humidity, the higher the desorption effect.
[0010]
Therefore, it is difficult to perform desorption by sending a gas having a high relative humidity and a temperature of about 90 to 100 ° C. to the desorption zone 11 like the exhaust gas of a gas boiler, and the waste heat of such an exhaust gas is used. There is a problem that it is difficult.
[0011]
In particular, micro gas turbine generators that have been attracting attention in recent years are designed to produce and supply hot water using the heat of exhaust gas in order to increase energy efficiency. Has a relative humidity of almost 100% and a temperature of about 90 to 100 ° C., so that the dehumidifying rotor 2 is extremely difficult to desorb.
[0012]
Such a device supplies hot water together with power generation, so that the overall thermal efficiency is about 70%, but the remaining 30% of the energy is released as heat from the exhaust gas. If air conditioning is performed, the overall thermal efficiency will exceed 95%.
[0013]
The present invention is intended to provide a dehumidifying air conditioner that exhibits a high efficiency air conditioning function by utilizing the heat of exhaust gas from a boiler or a cogeneration micro gas turbine generator with low relative humidity.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention solves the problem of the sensible heat exchange means between the region where heat is exchanged between the dry air and the room air, the air from the waste heat supply source, and the reflux air from the room. It was divided into areas where sensible heat was exchanged, and air from the waste heat supply source and room air sensible heat exchanged were supplied to the desorption zone of the adsorption rotor.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a sensible heat exchange for exchanging sensible heat between humidifying and cooling means for humidifying and cooling air from the room and air supplied to the room after being humidified and cooled. And a dehumidification rotor that adsorbs and dries the moisture of the outside air sent to the sensible heat exchange means, and sensible heat is exchanged between the reflux air from the room and the hot air from the waste heat generation source. A part of the exchange means is divided and the dehumidification rotor is desorbed by the reflux air from the heated room that passes through the divided part of the sensible heat exchange means. When the hot air is humid, the desorption air of the dehumidifying rotor is heated by the latent heat of the hot air.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the dehumidifying air conditioner of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Here, a conventional dehumidifying air conditioner is used for the blower 1, the dehumidifying rotor 2, the adsorption zone 3, the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4, the one passage 5, the blower 7, the water spray nozzle 8, the other passage 9, and the desorption zone 11. FIG. 3 is the same as FIG. 3, and redundant description is omitted to avoid redundancy.
[0017]
Reference numeral 12 denotes a first partition plate that divides the inlet of the other passage 9 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 into a non-humidifying passage 13 and a humidifying passage 14. The divided humidification passage 14 is provided with a water spray nozzle 8. The amount of spray by the water spray nozzle 8 is set until the water fine particles are suspended in the air having a relative humidity of 100%. Here, return air from the room flows through both the non-humidifying passage 13 and the humidifying passage 14.
[0018]
Reference numeral 15 denotes a second partition plate that divides the inlet of one passage 5 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 into a non-heating passage 16 and a heating passage 17. Air that has passed through the adsorption zone 3 of the dehumidifying rotor 2 is passed through the non-heating passage 16, and an exhaust gas pipe 22 of a micro gas turbine (not shown) is connected to the heating passage 17.
[0019]
Reference numeral 18 denotes an exhaust passage, and an outlet of the humidifying passage 14 and an outlet of the heating passage 17 are opened. A desorption passage 19 communicates with the outlet of the non-humidification passage 13. The blower 7 sends air from both the desorption passage 19 and the exhaust passage 18 to the outside.
[0020]
The bottom surface of the exhaust passage 18 is inclined to facilitate the discharge of the condensed water accumulated therein. Further, a diffuser 20 for separating air and water is provided at the outlet of the exhaust passage 18, and a valve 21 for adjusting the ratio of the amount of air passing through the desorption passage 19 and the exhaust passage 18 is provided.
[0021]
The dehumidifying air conditioner of the present invention is configured as described above, and the operation thereof will be described below.
[0022]
The blowers 1 and 7 are started, then the micro gas turbine is ignited and water is sent to the water spray nozzle 8. Then, the outside air OA is sucked into the blower 1 and enters the blower 1, and is pushed out to the blower 1 and enters the adsorption zone 3 of the dehumidifying rotor 2. Here, the humidity of the outside air is adsorbed by the dehumidifying rotor 2 to become dry air, and the temperature rises due to the heat of adsorption.
[0023]
The dry air whose temperature has risen enters the non-heated passage 16 of one passage 5 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4. Here, the dry air gives the sensible heat to the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 and the temperature drops. That is, the temperature of the dry air that has exited the non-heating passage 16 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 is lowered by the heat of vaporization of the water sprayed by the room air RA and the water spray nozzle 8, and becomes a comfortable supply air SA. Supplied.
[0024]
The indoor air RA enters the non-humidification passage 13 and the humidification passage 14 of the other passage 9 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 by suction of the blower 7. Then, it passes through the desorption passage 19 and the exhaust passage 18 and enters the suction port of the blower 7 and is released to the atmosphere.
[0025]
That is, part of the indoor air RA enters the cooling passage 14, and the air in the cooling passage 14 is humidified by the water spray nozzle 8 to lower the temperature, and the water fine particles float.
[0026]
While passing through the cooling passage 14, the fine water particles are vaporized by the air passing through one passage 5 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4, deprived of vaporization heat, and enter the exhaust passage 18. Since only the sensible heat exchange is performed between the one passage 5 and the other passage 9 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 and there is no mixing of both gases, the air in the one passage 5 and the cooling passage 14 are naturally. There is no mixing with the air inside. Therefore, the air passing through the one passage 5 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 is cooled without being humidified.
[0027]
This cooling will be described in detail here. The cooling effect is high near the entrance of the cooling passage 14, and heat exchange here is performed between the air in the cooling passage 14 and the air in the non-heating passage 16. Therefore, the temperature in the non-heating passage 16 is effectively lowered and supplied to the room.
[0028]
On the other hand, the exhaust gas from the micro gas turbine contains a large amount of moisture due to oxidation of hydrogen atoms in the fuel. When the fuel is natural gas, the moisture content is the highest, and the relative humidity of the exhaust gas is almost 100%. Accordingly, when this air exchanges sensible heat with room air passing through the non-cooling passage 13, moisture in the exhaust gas is condensed.
[0029]
For this reason, the indoor air passing through the non-cooling passage 13 is heated and enters the desorption zone 19 by the sensible heat of 90 to 100 ° C. and the latent heat of the exhaust gas. In other words, the indoor air RA is heated more effectively than sensible heat and enters the desorption zone 19, so that the temperature of the dehumidification rotor 2 can be sufficiently desorbed even if the temperature of the exhaust gas is not so high. Become.
[0030]
For example, if air at a temperature of 100 ° C and humidity of 40% is changed to a temperature of 70 ° C and humidity of 100% due to heat exchange, the temperature changes only 30 ° C, but the calorie difference is 107 Kcal, and a large amount of energy is taken out. Can do. This means that 4 to 5 times as much energy was taken out as compared with the case where only the sensible heat decreased and there was a temperature difference of 30 ° C.
[0031]
Thus, the temperature of the air that has exited the heating passage 17 of the orthogonal sensible heat exchange element 4 rises to 85 ° C., passes through the desorption zone 11 of the dehumidifying rotor 2, and desorbs the moisture of the dehumidifying rotor 2. The hot and humid air that has exited the desorption zone 11 of the dehumidifying rotor 2 passes through the blower 7 and becomes exhaust EA and is released to the atmosphere. Also, the air that has passed through the exhaust passage 18 is discharged into the atmosphere as exhaust EA together with the hot and humid air that has left the desorption zone 11 of the dehumidifying rotor 2 by the blower 7.
[0032]
By adjusting the valve 21, the amount of air flowing into the exhaust passage 18 can be adjusted, and the temperature of the supply air SA can be controlled by this adjustment and the spray amount from the water spray nozzle 8.
[0033]
In the above embodiment, the indoor air RA is supplied to both the non-humidifying passage 13 and the humidifying passage 14, but when the air amount is insufficient, the outside air may be supplied to the humidifying passage 14. .
[0034]
Moreover, although the example which utilizes the exhaust gas which passed the hot water boiler of the micro gas turbine as an exhaust heat source was shown, the exhaust gas of a direct combustion type boiler etc. can also be used.
[0035]
Furthermore, although an example of an orthogonal heat exchange element has been shown as a stationary sensible heat exchange element, an element having an oblique flow direction, an element having an opposite flow direction, or the like can be used.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The dehumidifying air conditioner of the present invention uses air having an absolute humidity higher than the absolute humidity of room air as hot air from the exhaust heat generation source, and performs sensible heat exchange between the high-temperature / humidity air and room air. Therefore, the dehumidification rotor can be desorbed using not only the sensible heat of high-temperature and humid air supplied from an exhaust heat source but also latent heat, and even if the temperature of the air from the exhaust heat source is low Desorption can be performed. In other words, exhaust heat that has been difficult to use in the past, such as boiler exhaust heat, can be used.
[0037]
Moreover, since the temperature of the supply air is lowered by sensible heat exchange, the humidity of the supply air does not increase, and highly comfortable air can be supplied. Since the latent heat is recovered by means for performing sensible heat exchange, the number of parts is small and the structure is simple.
[0038]
In addition, by dividing the area of one static sensible heat exchange element, exhaust heat recovery (cooling of the supply air by indoor air), indirect evaporative cooling, and recovery of latent heat from the exhaust heat source are performed, making the entire device compact and low It can be realized at a cost.
[0039]
In particular, since a static sensible heat exchange element is used as a heat exchanger, moisture is not brought in between the gases that exchange heat, and the humidity of the supply air can be kept low.
[0040]
When the humidity of the outside air is low, humidification cooling can be added. In this case, the temperature of the supply air can be further lowered.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a first embodiment of a dehumidifying air conditioner according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an orthogonal heat exchanger used in the dehumidifying air conditioner used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a conventional dehumidifying air conditioner.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Blower 2 Dehumidifying Rotor 3 Adsorption Zone 4 Orthogonal Sensible Heat Exchange Element 5 One Passage 7 Blower 8 Water Spray Nozzle 9 Other Passage 11 Desorption Zone 12 First Partition Plate 13 Non-Humidifying Passage 14 Humidification Passage 15 Second Partition Plate 16 Non-heating passage 17 Heating passage 18 Exhaust passage 19 Desorption passage 20 Diffuser 21 Valve 22 Exhaust gas pipe

Claims (1)

A dehumidification rotor having an adsorption zone for adsorbing and drying moisture in the air and a desorption zone for desorbing the adsorbed moisture, and an orthogonal heat exchanger for performing sensible heat exchange between two flow paths, The outside air dried by passing through the adsorption zone of the rotor is supplied to the room through one passage of the orthogonal heat exchanger, and the return air from the room is supplied to the other passage of the orthogonal heat exchanger. The passage through which the return air from the orthogonal heat exchanger chamber passes is divided into two, one of which is the flow of dry air supplied from the dehumidification rotor The non-humidifying passage is a passage located upstream of the air passage, and a humidifying passage is formed by injecting water into the passage located downstream thereof to humidify and cool, thereby cooling the air dried by the dehumidifying rotor and supplied to the room. ,in front The air that has passed through the humidification passage is discharged to the outside, and one passage of the orthogonal heat exchanger is divided into two, one of which is a passage located upstream of the flow of return air from the room Air that flows out from the heating passage by flowing dry air into a non-heating passage and sending hot air from a waste heat source to the other passage downstream of the return air flow from the room. So that the hot air passing through the heating passage and the air passing through the non-humidifying passage are sensible heat exchanged and the air passing through the non-humidifying passage is sent to the desorption zone of the dehumidifying rotor. A dehumidifying air conditioner characterized by that.

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