JP4680249B2 - 隣接した椎体を安定化するための装置に使用するアグリゲート - Google Patents
隣接した椎体を安定化するための装置に使用するアグリゲート Download PDFInfo
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- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
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Description
欧州特許出願公開第0516567号A明細書(特許文献2)から、通常の硬い長手材の代わりに個々の減衰要素と上下に連結されているある数のチューリップ状の茎ねじから構成される別の脊柱固定装置が公知である。この装置で不都合なことは、茎ねじの間の圧縮力のみを吸収できることである。さらに、減衰要素は固定長さを有するので、異なる長さを有するより多数のこのような減衰要素を用意して、適切な長さの減衰要素を2つの移植された茎ねじの間に固定できるようにすることが意図されている。このことは煩わしく、また種々の長さの減衰要素の在庫を増加せしめる。
本発明によって達成される利点は、概して次の通りである。
− 異なる長さの内側円筒を選択することによって、減衰特性を変えることができる。
− 減衰要素を予め取り付けた状態ですでに存在する予応力が明白に規定され、異なる患者の体重および異なる適用に対応する選択の際に外科医に提供される。
− 減衰要素は、椎体の伸延の後に迅速かつ簡単に茎ねじの間に挿入かつそれに固定できる。
本発明による減衰要素の実施形態では、両方の連結部は、ばね要素と解放可能に連結可能である。連結部とばね要素の少なくとも1つとの連結は、好ましくはねじ連結部によって行われる。これによって、使用例に応じて必要性に適合した様々な連結部を使用することができる。さらに、本発明による減衰要素は、長さが可変に調整可能な統一的な引張/圧力要素を形成する。
連結部は、本発明による減衰要素の用途に応じて、棒状またはスリーブとして形成することができ、この場合、それぞれ1つの連結部が長手軸線に対し同軸にばね要素の端部に配置される。スリーブは、長手軸線に対し同軸の中心孔を備えることが好ましく、中心孔に差し込まれた棒を固定するためのロック手段を含む。減衰要素のこの形成によって、長手軸線に同軸に、棒状の固定要素または別の減衰要素の棒状連結部と、第1の減衰要素のスリーブとして形成された連結部とを連結可能である。
ロック手段は、長手軸線に対し横方向にスリーブにねじ込み可能であり、かつスリーブの中心孔に差し込まれた棒状部分を固定するために使用される少なくとも1つのねじを含むことが好ましい。半径方向にスリーブを越えて突出しないピンねじをロック手段として使用することによって、減衰要素のコンパクトな構造が達成可能であり、このことは、椎体を安定化するための装置内部で減衰要素を使用するために有利である。
ばね要素の両方の端部の連結部は、減衰要素の用途に応じて、両方を棒状に、両方をスリーブとしてあるいは一方をスリーブとして、また他方を棒状に形成することができる。
棒状の固定要素、例えば、隣接した椎体を安定化するための装置の内部の例えば長手材および本発明による減衰要素を組み合わせて使用することを簡単にするために、スリーブとして形成された連結部の中心孔の直径Dおよび棒状連結部の直径dは、D≒dであるように選択される。
本発明による減衰要素の他の実施態様では、減衰要素は、長手軸線に対し直角の腎臓形断面を有する。このような形態の利点は、1つまたは複数の減衰要素を例えば脊柱固定の内部に移植する場合、脊柱突起または他の移植体部分を考慮して、この脊柱固定をより好都合に配置可能であることにある。
本発明による減衰要素のさらに別の実施態様では、第1のばね要素の内部に配置されまた圧力ばねとして形成された第2のばね要素は、長手軸線に対し同軸の中心孔を備え、その直径は、スリーブ内の中心孔の直径に対応することが好ましい。これによって、中心孔に差し込まれた棒状部分のより長い軸方向の案内が可能であり、これによって、減衰要素と棒状部分との間のより高い連結安定性が達成可能である。
本発明による減衰要素の一実施態様では、圧力ばねとして形成されたばね要素は、ポリマから、好ましくはポリカーボンウレタン(PCU)から製造される。
本発明による減衰要素の別の実施態様では、スリーブとして形成された連結部は、ばね要素と一体形成され、これによって減衰要素の簡単な構造が達成可能である。この場合、第1のばね要素との両方の連結部が一体形成される減衰要素の形成も可能である。
本発明による減衰要素の別の実施態様では、第2の減衰要素のばね定数fは、50N/mm〜5000N/mm、好ましくは100N/mm〜2000N/mmである。
本発明のさらに有利な実施態様は、従属請求項に特徴づけられている。
本発明による装置の好ましい実施態様では、茎ねじまたは茎フックは、本発明による減衰要素における固定要素、例えば棒状長手材、もしくは棒状に形成された連結部の軸方向に摺動可能な収容を可能にする収容手段を含む。収容手段内の固定要素を固定するために、茎ねじまたは茎フックは、例えば末端に配置することが可能であり、かつ固定ボルトまたは端子ナットから構成することができる固定手段を含む。本発明による装置は、一方で例えば長手材のような剛性の要素、他方で減衰要素を使用することによって、装置の安定性に関してそれぞれの条件に適合可能である。
同時に2つの平行の長手方向の固定要素と茎ねじまたは茎フックとが連結可能であることを許容する収容手段を有する茎ねじまたは茎フックが、例えば米国特許第4653481号A明細書(特許文献4)のHOWLANDから公知である。本発明による減衰要素は、前述の特許に示した長手材と同様に、長手軸線に対し平行に連結部に取り付けられた棒によって、例えば、ねじ頭の平行の通路に固定することができる。このような配置によって可能な、通路内の長手軸線に対し平行の減衰要素の摺動性は、移植の前に、減衰要素の別の操作なしに、所望のばね力に予応力をかけた本発明による減衰要素を茎ねじの収容手段に挿入することを可能にする。隣接した茎ねじまたは茎フックの間の様々な間隔の場合の長さ補償は、長手軸線に対し同様に平行の通路内の本発明による減衰要素における、末端で長手軸線に対し平行に配置された棒状に形成された連結要素の軸方向の摺動性を介して行われる。
本発明による装置の利点は、概して次の通りである。
− 安定化された脊柱セグメントから健全な脊柱セグメントへの調和的な剛性移行。
− 減衰要素は、選択的に、セグメント毎に剛性の棒と組み合わせることができる。
本発明および本発明の発展形態について、複数の実施例の部分概略図を参照して以下にさらに詳細に説明する。
図4と図5は、コイルばねとして形成された第1のばね要素2と、長手軸線3に対し同軸に第1の減衰要素2と連結された2つの連結部5;6とを有する本発明による減衰要素1の実施態様を示している。
図6に、長手軸線3に対し直角の円形断面を有する本発明による減衰要素1の実施態様が示されている。減衰要素1の移植に有利な他の断面形状、例えば卵形断面または楕円断面が、同様に可能である。
2 第1のばね要素
3 長手軸線
4 第2のばね要素
5、6 連結部
7 長手方向の固定要素
12 茎ねじ又は茎フック
13 収容手段
14 要素
29 固定手段
30 スリーブ
31 ロック手段
32、33 中心孔
34 螺旋状のスリット
35 隆起部
Claims (31)
- 隣接した椎体を安定化するための装置に使用するアグリゲートであって、
A)長手軸線(3)に対し同軸または平行である第1のばね要素(2)および第2のばね要素(4)と、減衰要素(1)の軸方向の一端に位置する第1の連結部(5)と減衰要素(1)の軸方向の他端に位置する第2の連結部(6)とを含む減衰要素(1)と、
B)前記減衰要素(1)の前記第1連結部(5)に連結可能である剛性の長手方向支持部(8)とを備え、
C)前記アグリゲートは固定要素(7)を含み、該固定要素(7)は茎ねじ(12)または茎フックの収容手段(13)に差し込まれることができ、これにより前記アグリゲートを3つ以上の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックに可逆的に連結させ、
D)前記第2の連結部(6)は棒状に形成されて、第1の固定要素(7)を構成し、
E)第2および第3の固定要素(7)は、前記長手方向支持部(8)の軸方向セグメントによって構成されており、
F)前記第1のばね要素(2)はばね定数Fを有し、前記第2のばね要素(4)はばね定数fを有し、そして、
G)前記ばね定数Fとfとは互いに異なるようにしてなるアグリゲート。 - 第1のばね要素(2)と第2のばね要素(4)とのうちいずれか一方のばね定数が、第1のばね要素(2)と第2のばね要素(4)とのうちの他方のばね定数よりも少なくとも1.2倍高い請求項1に記載のアグリゲート。
- 第1のばね要素(2)と第2のばね要素(4)とのうちいずれか一方のばね定数が、第1のばね要素(2)と第2のばね要素(4)とのうちの他方のばね定数よりも10〜100倍高い請求項2に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記アグリゲートはN個の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックをさらに備え、ここでN≧3であり、また
a)各前記N個の前記茎ねじ(12)または茎フックは、長手方向の固定要素(7)の収容を可能にする収容手段(13)を備え、
b)前記減衰要素(1)は、2つの隣接した茎ねじ(12)または2つの茎フックの間に配置され、そして
c)前記長手方向支持部(8)は、前記隣接した茎ねじ(12)または茎フックと、他の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックとの間に配置される請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。 - 前記アグリゲートはさらに、
i)第1の椎体に連結可能である第1の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックと、
ii)第2の椎体に連結可能である第2の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックと、
iii)第3の椎体に連結可能である第3の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックとを備え、
iv)前記N個の各茎ねじ(12)または茎フックは、長手方向の固定要素(7)の収容を可能にする収容手段(13)を備え、
v)前記アグリゲートは、ばねとして作用する減衰要素(1)が前記第1の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックと前記第2の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックとの間に配置されるように設計され、そして
vi)前記剛性の長手方向支持部(8)が前記第2の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックと前記第3の茎ねじ(12)または茎フックとの間に配置されるように設計される請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。 - 前記ばね要素(2;4)は前記長手軸線(3)に対し同軸となるように設計されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- a)前記アグリゲートは第1および第2の減衰要素(1)を備え、
b)前記長手方向支持部(8)の第1の軸方向の端部は前記第1の減衰要素(1)の第1の連結部(5)に連結され、そして
c)前記長手方向支持部(8)の第2の軸方向の端部は前記第2の減衰要素(1)の第1の連結部(5)に連結される請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。 - 前記第2の減衰要素(1)の第2の連結部(6)は第4の固定要素として適している請求項7に記載のアグリゲート。
- N=5であり、また第2、第3および第5の固定要素(7)は前記長手方向支持部(8)の軸方向セグメントによって構成される請求項8に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記連結部(5;6)は、前記ばね要素(2;4)のうち少なくとも1つが前記連結部(5;6)と連結されるような仕方で、前記ばね要素(2;4)と組み合わせ可能である請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記連結部(5;6)のうち少なくとも1つは、前記ばね要素(2;4)のうち少なくとも1つと一体である請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 少なくとも1つの前記連結部(5)は、前記長手軸線(3)に対し同軸である中心孔(32)を有するスリーブ(30)を備え、また前記中心孔(32)に差し込み可能な棒をブロックするためのロック手段(31)は前記スリーブ(30)に配置される請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記連結部(5;6)の少なくとも1つは棒状に形成される請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記スリーブ(30)内の前記中心孔(32)は直径Dを有し、また前記第2の連結部(6)は直径dの円筒状に形成される請求項12に記載のアグリゲート。
- D≒dである請求項14に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記ロック手段(31)は、前記長手軸線(3)に対して横方向に前記スリーブ(30)へとねじ込み可能である少なくとも1つのねじを含む請求項12に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記ばね要素(2;4)の少なくとも1つに予応力がかけられる請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記ばね要素(2;4)は一定の前記ばね定数F;fを有する請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記減衰要素(1)は前記長手軸線(3)に対し直角の腎臓形断面を有する請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記ばね要素(4)は圧力ばねとして配置される請求項1〜19のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記第2のばね要素(4)は、前記第1のばね要素(2)の内部に配置される請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記第2のばね要素(4)は、前記長手軸線(3)に対し同軸である中心孔(33)を備える請求項21に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記第1のばね要素(2)は、コイルばねとして形成され、かつ螺旋状のスリット(34)を備える請求項1〜22のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記第2のばね要素(4)は、前記第1のばね要素(2)において前記螺旋状のスリット(34)を補完する弾性的に変形可能な隆起部(35)を備え、該隆起部(35)は前記スリット(34)を閉塞する請求項23に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記ばね要素(2;4)は多条螺旋部を備える請求項1〜24のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 圧力ばねとして配置された前記ばね要素(4)は、ポリマから構成される請求項20〜25のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記第2のばね要素(4)は前記連結部(5;6)のうちいずれか1つと一体である請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記スリーブ(30)は前記第1のばね要素(2)と一体である請求項12に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記第1のばね要素(2)は2つの前記連結部(5;6)と一体である請求項1〜28のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記第2のばね要素(4)の前記ばね定数fは50N/mm〜5000N/mmである請求項1〜29のいずれか1項に記載のアグリゲート。
- 前記第2のばね要素(4)の前記ばね定数fは100N/mm〜2000N/mmである請求項30に記載のアグリゲート。
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US8632570B2 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2014-01-21 | Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Stabilization device for bones comprising a spring element and manufacturing method for said spring element |
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2001
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2007
- 2007-10-18 US US11/874,426 patent/US8012180B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US5540688A (en) * | 1991-05-30 | 1996-07-30 | Societe "Psi" | Intervertebral stabilization device incorporating dampers |
US5672175A (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1997-09-30 | Martin; Jean Raymond | Dynamic implanted spinal orthosis and operative procedure for fitting |
FR2809304A1 (fr) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-30 | Henry Graf | Dispositif de stabilisation intervertebral |
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