JP4635197B2 - 排ガス浄化用酸化触媒及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化用酸化触媒及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 65
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 65
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- WETINTNJFLGREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;iron;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Ca].[Fe].[Fe] WETINTNJFLGREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 85
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 78
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
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- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910017135 Fe—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 CaFe 4 O 7 Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IQGILBZPWWYYSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Fe].[Fe] IQGILBZPWWYYSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous carbonate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001872 inorganic gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
カルシア源としてCaO粉末と、フェライト源としてのFe2 O3 粉末とを準備し、表1に示す所定の混合モル比で混合し、混合原料を得た。なお、CaO粉末及びFe2 O3 粉末は、微粉砕器で予め平均10ミクロンに粒度を揃えておいた。
次に、上記混合原料を電気炉に入れ、酸素雰囲気下で室温から1000℃まで約1時間で昇温し、その温度で3時間保持した後、自然放冷してNo.1〜6の触媒試料を得た。
触媒試料No.1〜6について、触媒試料中に含まれる結晶相を同定するため、粉末X線回折装置(製品名「RINT−2600TTR」、理学電機社製)を用いて、以下に示す手順により回折パターンを測定した。
試料No.1〜6について、以下に示す手順の窒素吸着法による一点法で、U字管型のガラス製セルを使用して、BET比表面積を測定した。
試料No.3、5の触媒試料について、構造中に含まれる活性酸素の有無及び種類を確認するため、以下に示す手順でラマンスペクトルを測定した。
試料No.1〜6について、触媒性能を評価するために、図3に模式構成図を示すガス流通式触媒反応装置を用いて、以下に示す手順で、プロピレン酸化に対する触媒活性を調べた。
(COX 選択率)[%]=[(反応管出口のCOX 濃度)/{(反応管入り口のC3 H6 濃度−反応管出口のC3 H6 濃度)×3}]×100
試料No.1〜6について、プロピレン分解率と反応温度との関係を図4に示す。なお、図4中、丸数字の1〜6がそれぞれ試料No.1〜6に対応する。また、比較のため、触媒試料を入れなかった場合のデータと、触媒試料としてCaO、Fe2 O3 を用いた場合のデータも併せて図4に示す。
試料No.3、5について、水蒸気存在下におけるプロピレン酸化に対する触媒活性を調べた。なお、水蒸気の同伴はバブリング装置を用いて室温でガスを飽和し、水蒸気濃度が2.5%となるようにした。
試料No.3、5について、自動二輪車用の排ガス浄化用触媒としての実用化を想定し、長時間(9時間)の触媒耐久性評価を行った。
なお、カルシア源とフェライト源とを所定の混合モル比Ca/Feで含む混合原料を酸素雰囲気で焼成することにより、酸化触媒として有用なカルシウムフェライトを得ることができるのと同様に、A元素(アルカリ又はアルカリ土類)とB元素(遷移元素)とを所定の混合モル比A/Bで含む混合原料を酸素雰囲気で焼成することによっても、酸化触媒として有用なAX BY OZ 化合物を得ることができるものと考えられる。
3…反応管 4…FIDガスクロマトグラフ
5…TCDガスクロマトグラフ
Claims (5)
- 少なくとも、活性酸素を構造中に内包した活性酸素発現物質であるCaFe2O4の組成式を有するカルシウムフェライトを含むことを特徴とする排ガス浄化用酸化触媒。
- 活性酸素を構造中に内包した活性酸素発現物質であるCa2Fe2O5の組成式を有するカルシウムフェライトをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の排ガス浄化用酸化触媒。
- Fe2O 3 をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の排ガス浄化用酸化触媒。
- カルシア源とフェライト源とを所定の混合モル比Ca/Feで含む混合原料を得る混合原料準備工程と、該混合原料を酸素雰囲気で600℃以上に加熱する焼成工程とを備え、
前記焼成工程では、前記混合モル比Ca/Feが、1.0≦Ca/Feであるときは1438℃以下の加熱温度で、0.5≦Ca/Fe<1であるときは1216℃以下の加熱温度で、0.25≦Ca/Fe<0.5であるときは1205℃以下の加熱温度で、0<Ca/Fe<0.25であるときは1226℃以下の加熱温度で、それぞれ加熱することにより、活性酸素を構造中に内包したCa2Fe2O5の組成式を有するカルシウムフェライト及び活性酸素を構造中に内包したCaFe2O4の組成式を有するカルシウムフェライトのうちの少なくとも一種を含む酸化触媒を製造することを特徴とする排ガス浄化用酸化触媒の製造方法。 - 前記混合原料準備工程では、前記混合モル比を、0.33≦Ca/Fe≦3.0とすることを特徴とする請求項4記載の排ガス浄化用酸化触媒の製造方法。
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JPS5021988A (ja) * | 1973-06-29 | 1975-03-08 | ||
JPS50119785A (ja) * | 1974-03-06 | 1975-09-19 | ||
JP2005296880A (ja) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 活性酸素吸蔵物質及びその製造方法 |
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CN111841296A (zh) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-30 | 北京北科环境工程有限公司 | 一种高炉煤气用脱硫剂及其制备方法 |
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