JP4561770B2 - Axial gap type rotating electrical machine and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an axial gap type rotating electric machine in which an armature and a field element face each other through a gap that extends along a plane substantially perpendicular to a rotating shaft.

  An axial gap type rotating electric machine has a field element and an armature that are opposed to each other in the rotation axis direction, and has an advantage that the torque density can be improved by increasing the magnetic pole area. .

  In such an axial gap type rotating electrical machine, a thrust force is generated along the rotation axis direction. Therefore, for example, by providing two field elements on opposite sides with respect to one armature or providing two armatures on opposite sides with respect to one field element, thrust generated in the rotating electric machine is generated. Can cancel each other out. Among these, a type in which armatures as two stators are provided on both sides in the rotation axis direction of a field element as one rotor is preferable from the viewpoint of reducing windage loss.

  For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose prior arts that disclose an axial gap type motor of the type described above.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a field element having a plurality of magnets having two magnetic pole faces having different polarities, one magnetic pole face of the magnet directly facing one armature, and the other magnetic pole face being Directly opposite the other armature.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which two cores made of laminated steel plates are arranged on both sides of a magnet, and the magnet is sandwiched and fixed between the two cores. A configuration in which the magnet is fixed so as to be covered with a dust core is also disclosed.

JP 2001-136721 A JP 2005-094955 A

  However, in the motor disclosed in Patent Document 1, the magnetic pole surface of the magnet facing the armature is directly exposed to the armature. For this reason, the magnet is easily affected by a demagnetizing field and may be demagnetized.

  In addition, among the configurations disclosed in Patent Document 2, in the configuration in which the magnet is sandwiched and fixed by two cores made of laminated steel plates, there is a problem of how to combine and fasten both cores. The air gap accuracy may be deteriorated due to the dimensional accuracy, the dimensional accuracy of the two cores, and the combination accuracy thereof. Moreover, in the configuration in which the magnet is fixed so as to be covered with the dust core, there are problems such as low magnetic permeability, large iron loss particularly at low speed, insufficient strength, and scattering due to centrifugal force.

  Therefore, the present invention can improve the air gap accuracy by using laminated steel sheets while preventing demagnetization of the permanent magnet, and further, particularly in the medium to low speed range (for example, approximately 500 Hz to 1 kHz or less). An object is to construct a magnetic element having low magnetic loss and low iron loss.

In order to solve the above problems, an axial gap type rotating electric machine according to a first aspect includes a field element (20, 120 ) and two electric machines provided on both sides of the field element with an air gap therebetween. And an axial gap type rotating electric machine in which the field element rotates around a rotation axis (18a) relative to the two armatures, A plurality of permanent magnets (22, 122 ) disposed around the rotation axis and exhibiting magnetic poles for one or both of the two armatures, and a radial direction of a circle centered on the rotation axis And magnet holding recesses (27, 12 ) capable of accommodating and holding the permanent magnets in the field element laminated steel plate portion. 7) is formed, and each of the permanent magnets is The permanent magnets are accommodated and held in the magnet holding recesses in such a manner that the field magnet laminated steel plates are exposed to the air gap without being substantially exposed to the cap. It is opposed to one or both of the two armatures via a facing part (26a, 226a ) to any one of the armatures.

Also, the field element laminated steel plate portions (24, 12 4) has the rotation axis a plurality of field element divided laminated steel section divided into around the (26,126,22 6).

The magnet holding recesses (27, 127) into which one permanent magnet can be inserted are formed in each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions (26, 126, 226) .

As in the second aspect, in the first aspect, each field element split laminated steel plate portion (126, 226) may be formed by laminating steel plates punched in substantially the same shape.

As in the third aspect, in each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions (26, 126, 226) in the first or second aspect, each permanent magnet and each field element split laminated steel plate portion. In contrast, magnetic body portions (28, 128) that are substantially magnetically independent from each other may be provided.

As in the fourth aspect, in the third aspect, the surface of each of the magnetic body portions (28, 128) that faces the respective field element split laminated steel plate portion, and each field element split laminated steel plate portion (26, 126, 226) may be substantially parallel to the surface facing each of the magnetic body portions.

Like a 5th aspect, in the 3rd or 4th aspect, each said magnetic body part (128) may be formed with the powder iron core.

Like a 6th aspect, in the 3rd or 4th aspect, each said 2nd magnetic body part (28) is formed with the laminated steel plate by which the steel plate was laminated | stacked in the direction substantially orthogonal to the said rotating shaft. Also good.

A seventh aspect includes a field element (320, 820) and two armatures (30, 40) provided on both sides of the field element with an air gap therebetween, wherein the field element is An axial gap type rotating electric machine that rotates around a rotation axis (18a) relative to the two armatures, wherein the field element is disposed around the rotation axis, and each of the two armatures A plurality of permanent magnets (322, 822) exhibiting magnetic poles with respect to one or both of them, and a field element laminated steel plate portion having a plurality of steel plates laminated in the radial direction of a circle centering on the rotation axis ( 324, 824), and a plurality of magnet holding recesses (327) capable of accommodating and holding the permanent magnets are formed in the field element laminated steel plate portion, and the permanent magnets are substantially exposed to the air gap. The field element laminated steel plate part The permanent magnets are accommodated and held in the magnet holding recesses and are exposed to any one of the field element laminated steel plate portions (26a, 226a, 326a). ) To face one or both of the two armatures, and the field element laminated steel sheet portion (324, 824) is divided into a plurality of field element divided laminates divided around the rotation axis. Each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions (326 , 426, 526, 626, 826) has the rotating shaft of each permanent magnet. Magnet portions holding recesses (327a, 427a) capable of accommodating and holding approximately half of the center circle in the circumferential direction are formed, and the two magnets provided in the two adjacent field element split laminated steel plate portions Partial holding recess It is to hold the permanent magnet Examples magnet holding recess (327).

As in the eighth aspect, in the seventh aspect, each of the permanent magnets (322) is formed in a shape that maximizes the radial length of the circle centered on the rotation axis at the substantially central portion in the circumferential direction. May be.

As in the ninth aspect, in each of the seventh and eighth aspects, each of the magnet partial holding recesses (427a) may be narrowed at least one of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the field element.

As in the tenth aspect, in any one of the first to ninth aspects, each steel plate constituting each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions (824) may be bent in an arc shape.

As in the eleventh aspect, in any one of the first to tenth aspects, each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions may be held by a non-magnetic material holder (50, 150, 350, 352). .

As in the twelfth aspect, in any one of the first to tenth aspects, a nonmagnetic material holder (150) integrally molded with each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions may be provided. .

As in the thirteenth aspect, in any of the seventh to ninth aspects, magnetic barrier portions (326c, 626c, 926c) may be provided between the permanent magnets (322, 822, 922). .

As in the fourteenth aspect, in the thirteenth aspect, two magnetic barrier portions (326c, 626c, 926c) are provided between the permanent magnets (322, 822, 922), and the two magnetic barriers are provided. Magnetic parts (328, 628, 1028) may be provided between the parts.

As in the fifteenth aspect, in the fourteenth aspect, each magnetic body portion (628) is formed wide (628a) in the circumferential direction of a circle centering on the rotation axis at both ends in the rotation axis direction. May be.

As in the sixteenth aspect, in the fourteenth or fifteenth aspect, a fastening portion (329) that fastens the stacked steel plates may be provided in at least one of the magnetic body portions. .

As in the seventeenth aspect, in any of the embodiments of the fourteenth to sixteenth, each magnetic barrier portion (326c, 626c, 926c) is substantially the same shape in each layer, each magnet holding recesses (327,927 ) And the width of each magnetic body portion (328, 628), one of the layers may be substantially the same, and the other may be different in each layer.

As in the eighteenth aspect, in any of the first to seventeenth aspects, the steel sheet constituting the field element laminated steel sheet portion protrudes into the respective magnet holding recesses, and in each of the magnet holding recesses An engaging claw (327b) that engages with the permanent magnet housed and held in the housing may be formed.

As in the nineteenth aspect, in any one of the first to eighteenth aspects, each permanent magnet is provided with an opening of each magnet holding recess on at least one of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the field element laminated steel plate part. A steel plate (526d) that restricts the movement of the magnet may be laminated.

As in the twentieth aspect, in any of the first to nineteenth aspects, each permanent magnet is provided with an opening of each magnet holding recess on at least one of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the field element laminated steel plate part. Non-magnetic ring members (52, 54, 350, 352) that restrict the movement of the magnet may be provided.

As in the twenty-first aspect, in any of the first to twentieth aspects, the permanent magnets (22, 122, 322, 822, 922) may be provided in one layer in the rotation axis direction. Good.

As in the twenty-second aspect, in any of the first to twentieth aspects, each permanent magnet (1122) may be provided in two layers in the direction of the rotation axis.

As in the twenty-third aspect, in the twenty-second aspect, a magnetic barrier may not be provided between the layers of the permanent magnets (1122).

According to a twenty-fourth aspect, in any one of the first to twenty-third aspects, the field element laminated steel sheet portion (924, 1024) or each of the field element split laminated steel sheet portions is obtained by punching and laminating the steel sheets. (26, 126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 826) is manufactured.

  According to the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to the first aspect, the permanent magnets are not exposed to the air gap and the field element laminated steel plate portion is exposed to the air gap. Is housed and held in each magnet holding recess and faces one or both of the two armatures through a portion facing the armature of any of the field element laminated steel plate portions. Therefore, demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be prevented. In addition, a plurality of magnet holding recesses capable of accommodating and holding the permanent magnets are formed in the field element laminated steel plate portion, and the permanent magnets are accommodated and held in the magnet holding recesses. The air gap accuracy can be improved because it faces one or both of the two armatures through a portion facing each of the armatures. Furthermore, it is possible to configure a field element having a high magnetic permeability and a low iron loss using a laminated steel sheet.

Moreover, since the said field element laminated steel plate part is divided | segmented into the several field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part, this can be manufactured comparatively easily.

In addition, it is easy to prevent magnetic flux leakage between the permanent magnets.

According to the second aspect, it is only necessary to laminate the steel plates punched in substantially the same shape, and therefore it is easy to manufacture each field element split laminated steel plate portion.

According to the third aspect, the reluctance torque can be effectively utilized together with the magnet torque by the magnetic body portion existing between the field element split laminated steel plate portions.

According to the 4th aspect, each field element division | segmentation laminated | stacked steel plate part and a magnetic-body part can be arrange | positioned efficiently in an area, separating magnetically.

According to the 5th aspect, it is excellent in the shape freedom degree of a magnetic body part.

According to the sixth aspect, the magnetic loss is high, and the iron loss can be reduced even in an operating state that rotates at a relatively low speed.

According to the 7th aspect, it can combine combining a some field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part so that it may connect with a permanent magnet.

According to the eighth aspect, the permanent magnets are exposed in the air gap without the permanent magnets being substantially exposed to the air gap, and the permanent magnets are in the magnet holding recesses. And is opposed to one or both of the two armatures through a facing portion to each of the armatures of the field element laminated steel plate portion. Demagnetization can be prevented. In addition, a plurality of magnet holding recesses capable of accommodating and holding the permanent magnets are formed in the field element laminated steel plate portion, and the permanent magnets are accommodated and held in the magnet holding recesses. The air gap accuracy can be improved because it faces one or both of the two armatures through a portion facing each of the armatures. Furthermore, it is possible to configure a field element having a high magnetic permeability and a low iron loss using a laminated steel sheet. Moreover, since the said field element laminated steel plate part is divided | segmented into the several field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part, this can be manufactured comparatively easily. In addition, each permanent magnet can be formed in a shape in which the radial length of a circle centered on the rotation axis is maximized at a substantially central portion in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic flux density distribution exhibited by the field element Can be approximated to a sine wave around the rotation axis. Moreover, since the said radial direction length can be maximized in the said circumferential direction substantially central part of each permanent magnet among field element laminated steel plate parts, the above-mentioned permanent magnet is made into the part of a field element laminated steel plate part. It can be made to oppose a field element via.

According to the ninth aspect, it is possible to effectively prevent the permanent magnet from moving and falling off.

According to the tenth aspect, the field element can be brought into a circular shape, and the windage loss when the field element rotates can be reduced.

According to the 11th aspect, each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part can be hold | maintained with a fixed form.

According to the 12th aspect, each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part can be hold | maintained with a fixed form.

According to the thirteenth aspect, the permanent magnets can be magnetically separated to reduce magnetic flux leakage.

According to the fourteenth aspect, the reluctance torque can be effectively utilized in addition to the magnet torque by the magnetic body portion between the magnetic barrier portions.

According to the fifteenth aspect, the reluctance torque can be increased by increasing the facing area of the magnetic part to the armature.

According to the sixteenth aspect, the stacked steel plates can be easily held in a stacked state, and the gap between the recess and the magnet can be reduced.

According to the seventeenth aspect, the width of each magnetic barrier portion (326c, 626c, 926c) and the width of each magnetic body portion (328, 628) are substantially the same in each layer, or each magnetic barrier portion ( 326c, 626c, 926c) and the width of each magnet holding recess (327, 927) are substantially the same in each layer, so that they can be stamped and formed with relatively few types of molds.

According to the eighteenth aspect, the permanent magnets can be prevented from moving and dropping off by the locking claws.

According to the nineteenth aspect, the permanent magnets can be prevented from moving or falling off by the steel plate that restricts the movement of the permanent magnets at the openings of the magnet holding recesses.

According to the twentieth aspect, the non-magnetic ring member can prevent the permanent magnet from moving and falling off.

According to the twenty-first aspect, with a relatively small number of permanent magnets, both armatures can be provided with magnetic poles to cause rotational movement.

According to the twenty-second aspect, it is possible to design different arrangements of magnetic poles for both armatures to increase rotational unevenness and to cause rotational motion.

According to the twenty-third aspect, since no magnetic barrier is provided between the permanent magnets, the configuration can be simplified and the size can be reduced.

According to the twenty-fourth aspect, since the steel sheet is punched before lamination, the punching can be easily performed.

{First embodiment}
Hereinafter, the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment will be described. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an axial gap type rotating electric machine according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a field element of the axial gap type rotating electric machine, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. FIG. In FIG. 1, for easy understanding, the field elements are shown with different viewing directions and partially cut away.

  The axial gap type rotating electrical machine 10 includes a field element 20 and two armatures 30 and 40 provided on both sides of the field element 20 in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a with an air gap therebetween. The field element 20 is formed in a substantially disk shape, and the two armatures 30 and 40 are also formed in a substantially disk shape. The field element 20 is rotated relative to the armatures 30 and 40 by the rotating magnetic field generated by both armatures 30 and 40.

  Each part will be described in more detail.

  The armatures 30 and 40 are disposed on both sides of the field element 20 in the direction of the rotation axis 18a so as to face the field element 20 with a gap (here, a slight gap) therebetween. . These armatures 30 and 40 are fixed to a casing (not shown) or the like, and function as a stator in the rotary electric machine 10.

  The armature 30 includes a back yoke core 32, a plurality of (here, twelve) teeth 34, and a winding 36 wound around each tooth 34.

  The back yoke core 32 has a substantially disk shape and is fixed to a casing or the like (not shown). The plurality of teeth 34 are disposed on the surface of the back yoke core 32 on the field element 20 side at a substantially annular interval with the rotation shaft 18a as a center. It has been. The collar portion serves to reduce the magnetic resistance in the air gap so that more magnetic flux of the field element 20 can be linked. The back yoke core 32, the teeth 34, and the collar portion of the tip thereof are all formed of a soft magnetic material, and are formed of, for example, a dust core (a dust core). These may be formed as a single body, or may be formed by combining any of them after being formed. Moreover, you may form partially with a steel plate. One winding 36 is attached to each of the teeth 34. That is, the armature 30 is provided with the winding 36 in a so-called 12-slot concentrated winding form. Also, here, four sets of three-phase windings 36 of U phase, V phase, and W phase are provided around the rotating shaft 18a in that order, and are rotated with respect to the eight magnetic poles of the field element 20. A magnetic field is generated to rotate the field element 20. All four windings in each phase may be in series, all in parallel, or a combination of series and parallel. U phase, V phase, and W phase are connected with a star connection sharing a neutral point. Is done.

  The armature 40 has the same configuration as the armature 30 and includes a back yoke core 42, a plurality of teeth 44, and a winding 46 wound around each tooth 44.

  Further, when viewed from the field element 20, the winding directions of the windings 36 and 46 in both armatures 30 and 40 are opposite directions. In other words, when viewed from one side of the rotating shaft 18a, the winding directions of the windings 36 and 46 of both armatures 30 and 40 are the same. Here, the winding direction of the windings 36 and 46 is the same or opposite is not the direction in which the wire is actually wound, but the neutral point from the power source side when connecting and supplying power. This means whether the direction of current flow is the same or opposite. In other words, the direction starts from the terminal on the power supply side and goes around the teeth 34 and 44 to reach the terminal on the neutral point side. Thus, when a current flows through, for example, the U-phase windings 36 and 46 in the armatures 30 and 40 on both sides, a magnetic flux flows downward in one (upper) armature 30 and the other (lower) armature. Similarly, a magnetic flux flows downward in 40. Since the U-phase teeth 34 and 44 of both the field elements 20 are opposed to each other, a continuous magnetic circuit is configured via the field element 20. A common rotating magnetic field is generated between the armatures 30 and 40 via the field element 20 by passing a three-phase alternating current through the windings 36 and 46.

  In addition, the structure of the said armatures 30 and 40 is an example, and is not limited above. For example, the windings 36 and 46 may be distributed winding or wave winding.

  The field element 20 is rotatably disposed around a predetermined rotation shaft 18a via a shaft (both not shown) that is rotatably supported by bearings, and both armatures 30 in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. It faces 40 with a gap. That is, the field element 20 functions as a rotor in the rotary electric machine 10.

  The field element 20 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 22, a field element laminated steel plate portion 24 having a plurality of field element split laminated steel plate portions 26, and a plurality of intervening magnetic body portions 28.

  Each permanent magnet 22 is arranged around the rotation shaft 18a with a space therebetween. More specifically, each permanent magnet 22 is formed in a substantially trapezoidal plate shape, and a posture in which the short side portion is directed to the inner peripheral side and the long side portion is directed to the outer peripheral side among the two parallel side portions. Thus, they are arranged in a substantially annular shape with the rotation shaft 18a as the center with an interval between them. Each permanent magnet 22 is magnetized along the direction along the rotation axis 18a, that is, along the thickness direction of the permanent magnet 22, and exhibits N-pole or S-pole on both surfaces. These permanent magnets 22 are arranged so as to exhibit annular and alternating magnetic poles around the rotating shaft 18a, and exhibit alternating magnetic poles around the rotating shaft 18a with respect to both armatures 30 and 40, respectively. Here, the number of permanent magnets 22 is eight, and the field element 20 has eight magnetic poles.

  Here, each permanent magnet 22 is provided in one layer in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a and has a magnetic pole with respect to both armatures 30 and 40. Therefore, a relatively small number of permanent magnets 22 are used. Magnetic poles can be provided for both armatures 30 and 40. Of course, each permanent magnet 22 does not necessarily have to exhibit a magnetic pole with respect to both armatures 30, 40, but a group of permanent magnets 22 that exhibit a magnetic pole with respect to the armature 30 and a magnetic pole with respect to the armature 40. The permanent magnet 22 group may be provided in two layers. One form of such a configuration will be described later.

  The field element laminated steel plate portion 24 has a plurality of steel plates laminated in the radial direction of a circle centered on the rotating shaft 18a. Here, the field element laminated steel plate portion 24 has a plurality of field element divided laminated steel plate portions 26 divided around the rotating shaft 18a. Each field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 is formed in a substantially trapezoidal flat plate shape by sequentially laminating strip-shaped steel plates having substantially the same width dimension and sequentially increasing length dimensions along a predetermined direction. Yes. In addition, this field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26 is larger than the said permanent magnet 22 (here one size larger). Each of these field element laminated steel plate portions 24 has a posture in which the short side portion of the two parallel side portions is directed to the inner peripheral side and the long side portion is directed to the outer peripheral side. The field element laminated steel plate portion 24 is configured by being arranged in a substantially annular shape with a gap in between. In addition, between each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26, the space | interval with equal width is provided in the direction extended along the radial direction of the field element 20 and substantially orthogonal to it. In this state, in each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26, it has become the aspect on which the steel plate was laminated | stacked along the radial direction of the field element 20. FIG.

  Each field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 is formed with a magnet holding recess 27 into which one permanent magnet 22 can be inserted. That is, the steel plate constituting each field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 has a hole portion into which the permanent magnet 22 can be inserted, and the width of this hole portion (the width in the circumferential direction of the field element 20) is: It gradually increases from the inner circumference side toward the outer circumference side. Thereby, each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26 is formed with the magnet holding | maintenance recessed part 27 extended in the substantially trapezoid plate shape in which the permanent magnet 22 can be inserted. And each permanent magnet 22 is hold | maintained with the said arrangement | positioning form by inserting the permanent magnet 22 in the magnet holding | maintenance recessed part 27 of each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26. FIG.

  Such a field element division | segmentation lamination | stacking steel plate part 26 can be manufactured by, for example, punching a steel plate beforehand in various shapes from which a length dimension and a hole width differ, and laminating them. The punching of the steel sheet itself can be performed by various methods including a known method. Thus, by punching before lamination, the steel sheet can be easily punched.

  In addition, in the state where the permanent magnet 22 is housed and held in the magnet holding recess 27 of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 as described above, the portion of the permanent magnet 22 facing the armatures 30 and 40 is the field magnet. Of the child split laminated steel plate portion 26, it is covered with a portion 26 a facing the armatures 30 and 40. In addition, a side portion in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet 22 is covered with a side portion 26 b in the circumferential direction of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 26.

  The thickness dimension of the side portion 26b (the thickness dimension in the circumferential direction of the field element 20) of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 is such that it is easily magnetically saturated between the two poles of the permanent magnet 22 in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. It is set small, and short circuit of magnetic flux is prevented between the two poles of the permanent magnet 22.

  Moreover, the opposing part 26a of the field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26 has a larger predetermined thickness dimension (thickness dimension in the rotating shaft 18a direction) than the said side part 26b, and each permanent magnet 22 is an air gap. The permanent magnets 22 face the armatures 30 and 40 through the facing portions 26a in such a manner that the facing portions 26a of the field element laminated steel plate portion 26 are exposed to the air gap without being substantially exposed. And this opposing part 26a alleviates the influence of the demagnetizing field acting on each permanent magnet 22 when the demagnetizing field acts on the permanent magnet 22 by the external magnetic field of the excited armatures 30, 40, The permanent magnet 22 is prevented from demagnetizing. Further, it also has a role of suppressing eddy currents due to the harmonic magnetic flux inside the permanent magnet 22. Furthermore, even if the thickness dimension of each permanent magnet 22 is different, the difference can be absorbed by giving the magnet holding recess 27 some allowance. As a result, the gap accuracy can be ensured by the dimensional accuracy of the teeth 34 and 44 of the armatures 30 and 40 and the field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 regardless of the thickness dimensional accuracy of the permanent magnet 22, resulting in gap accuracy. The air gap length can be minimized and the variation can be reduced.

  Each intervening magnetic body portion 28 (also referred to as a q-axis magnetic body) is adjacent to each field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the field element 20. It is provided in a magnetically independent manner. This intervening magnetic body portion 28 basically exhibits reverse saliency by increasing the q-axis inductance Lq indicating the gap between the d-axis inductance Ld indicating the magnetic pole center of the permanent magnet 22, The field element 20 is rotated by further adding a so-called reluctance torque to the so-called magnet torque.

  The intervening magnetic body portion 28 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape whose cross-sectional shape is a substantially rectangular shape on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. The surface of the intervening magnetic body portion 28 facing the field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 and the surface of the field element splitting laminated steel plate portion 26 facing the intervening magnetic body portion 28 are substantially parallel. It arrange | positions so that it may become. Such an arrangement is a form in which the field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 and the intervening magnetic body portion 28 can be arranged from the area efficiency (volume efficiency) while magnetically separating them. However, the field-element-divided laminated steel plate portion 26 has a substantially trapezoidal plate shape, and the intervening magnetic body portion 28 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. For example, the field-element-divided laminated steel plate portion 26 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, Even in the form in which the intervening magnetic body portion 28 is formed in a substantially fan plate shape or a substantially triangular plate shape, a substantially equal width gap is formed between the field element split laminated steel plate portion and the intervening magnetic body portion, and these field magnets are formed. The child split laminated steel plate portion and the intervening magnetic body portion can be efficiently arranged. These forms will be described later.

  The intervening magnetic body portion 28 is a laminated steel plate in which steel plates are laminated in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a, more specifically, a steel plate punched in a substantially rectangular shape is centered on the rotation shaft 18a. It is formed by laminating in the radial direction of the circle. Since the intervening magnetic body portion 28 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, the intervening magnetic body portion 28 is formed by laminating steel plates having substantially the same shape by laminating steel plates in the radial direction of the field element 20 or in a direction perpendicular thereto. Can be manufactured.

  The intervening magnetic body portion 28 is not necessarily formed of a laminated steel plate, and may be formed of a dust core. However, the magnetic flux passing directions by the armatures 30 and 40 are mainly components in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. Therefore, the intervening magnetic body portion 28 is a laminated steel plate in which steel plates are stacked in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 18a. The reluctance torque can be further improved by lowering the magnetic permeability with respect to the magnetic flux by the armatures 30 and 40, and even when the axial gap rotating electrical machine 10 is operated at a relatively low speed. Iron loss can be reduced.

  The stacking direction of the steel plates may be the radial direction of the field element 20 or a direction orthogonal thereto. When the laminating direction of the steel plate is the radial direction of the field element 20, the magnetic flux passing direction by the armatures 30 and 40 mainly includes a rotation axis 18a direction component and a partial circumferential direction component. The reluctance torque can be further improved by lowering the magnetic permeability with respect to the magnetic flux by the armatures 30 and 40. When the lamination direction of the steel plates is a direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction of the field element 20, the intervening magnetic body portion 28 that is long in the radial direction of the field element 20 can be easily formed with a relatively small number of steel plates. .

  Each field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 and each intervening magnetic body portion 28 are held in a predetermined position and a predetermined posture by a non-magnetic body holder 50. The nonmagnetic holder 50 includes an inner peripheral boss portion 52 and an outer peripheral ring member 54, and the inner peripheral boss portion 52 is divided into two divided inner peripheral boss portions 52a in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. The divided inner peripheral boss portion 52a is attached to a shaft (not shown) in a state where the inner peripheral portions of each field element divided laminated steel plate portion 26 and each intervening magnetic body portion 28 are held so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. Fixed. The outer peripheral ring member 54 has an inner peripheral shape corresponding to the outer peripheral side surface of each field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 and each intervening magnetic body portion 28, and each field element split laminated steel plate disposed in an annular shape. The outer periphery of the part 26 and each intervening magnetic body part 28 is fitted. Thereby, each said field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26 and each intervening magnetic body part 28 are positioned and hold | maintained by the annular arrangement | sequence form. At this time, since the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of each field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 are covered by the inner peripheral boss portion 52 and the outer peripheral ring member 54, the permanent magnets 22 are removed from each of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side. Can be prevented.

  In addition, strength can be obtained by using a nonmagnetic metal as the nonmagnetic holder 50. However, in this case, since an eddy current is generated, it is desirable to prevent the magnetic field from passing through the nonmagnetic holder 50, and for this purpose, the nonmagnetic holder 50 does not face the armatures 30 and 40. It is good to.

  According to the axial gap type rotating electrical machine 10 configured as described above, each permanent magnet 22 is housed and held in each magnet holding recess 27 and the electric machine is interposed via the facing portion 26a of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 26. Since it opposes the child | child 30 and 40, the demagnetization of the said permanent magnet 22 can be prevented. Further, each permanent magnet 22 is housed and held in the magnet holding recess 27, and an air gap is formed between the facing portion 26a and both armatures 30 and 40. Therefore, the air is independent of the thickness accuracy of the permanent magnet 22. A gap can be set, and the air gap accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, since the field element laminated steel plate portion 24 and the field element split laminated steel plate portion 26 are formed of laminated steel plates, high magnetic permeability, that is, the operating point magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 22 can be increased, and low The iron loss field element 20 can be configured.

  Moreover, since the field element laminated steel plate portion 24 is divided into a plurality of field element divided laminated steel plate portions 26, each field element divided laminated steel plate portion 26 can be manufactured relatively easily.

  Moreover, since each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26 hold | maintains one permanent magnet 22, by providing a clearance gap between each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 26, the magnetic flux leakage countermeasure between each permanent magnet 22 is taken. Easy.

  In addition, the holding form of the permanent magnet 22 by the field element laminated steel plate part 24 is not limited to the above example, the aspect in which a plurality of permanent magnets are held by the integrated field element laminated steel sheet part, Various modifications are possible, such as an aspect in which the magnet is divided into a plurality of field-element-divided laminated steel plate portions and the permanent magnet is held by each or a plurality of field-element-divided laminated steel plate portions. Some aspects of these holding forms will also be described in the embodiments described later.

  4 and 5 are views showing a field element according to a modification of the first embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a view showing shapes of a field element split laminated steel plate portion, a permanent magnet, and an intervening core. 5 is a view showing a state in which these are held by a non-magnetic holder.

  In this modification, the field-element-divided laminated steel plate portion 126 corresponding to the field-element-divided laminated steel plate portion 26 is a plate having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and a cross-sectional outer shape in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. A magnet holding recess 127 having a substantially rectangular shape in a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation shaft 18a is formed therein. In addition, the permanent magnet 122 corresponding to the permanent magnet 22 is formed in a plate shape in which a planar view shape and a cross-sectional outer shape in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a are substantially rectangular. Each permanent magnet 122 is housed and held in the magnet holding recess 127 of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126. The field element laminated steel plate portion 124 is configured by arranging a plurality of the field element divided laminated steel plate portions 126 in a substantially annular shape.

  The field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 having the above-described shape is a substantially rectangular plate shape, and a substantially identical shape steel plate having a substantially rectangular hole formed in a substantially central portion is substantially orthogonal to the radial direction of the field element 120. It can form by laminating in the direction to do. In particular, when the circumferential width of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 is sufficiently larger than the circumferential width of the intervening magnetic body portion 128, the present structure is such that the circumferential end of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 is in the radial direction. As a result, the effect of skew is obtained and cogging can be reduced.

  Further, the intervening magnetic body portion 128 corresponding to the intervening magnetic body portion 28 rotates so that the side surface on the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 side is substantially parallel to the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126. The shape in the plane substantially orthogonal to the shaft 18a is formed in a plate shape having a substantially fan shape. The intervening magnetic body 128 may have a substantially triangular shape on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a.

  Such intervening magnetic body portion 128 can be formed by stacking steel plates punched into different shapes in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 18a, and can also be manufactured with a dust core such as a dust core. Can do. It is preferable that the intervening magnetic body portion 128 is manufactured with a powder magnetic core in terms of excellent shape flexibility and easy manufacturing.

  Each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 126 and the interposition magnetic body part 128 are hold | maintained by the nonmagnetic body holder 150 by the predetermined arrangement | sequence form (refer FIG. 5). The non-magnetic material holder 150 is formed separately from the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 and the intervening magnetic body portion 128, and holds the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 and the intervening magnetic body portion 128 incorporated later. It may be. Alternatively, the non-magnetic holder 150 is formed by integrally molding the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 and the intervening magnetic body portion 128 in the mold, that is, the insert. It may be molded. In the latter case, the air gap side surface of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 and the intervening magnetic body portion 128 is exposed to the air gap or is extremely thin and covered with a nonmagnetic material. It is good to do so.

  According to this modification, the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 can be formed by laminating steel plates punched in substantially the same shape, and therefore the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 can be easily manufactured.

  FIG. 6 is a view showing a modification of the field element split laminated steel plate portion. In this modification, a portion 226a facing the armatures 30 and 40 of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 226 corresponding to the field element split laminated steel plate portion 126 is substantially in the circumferential direction of a circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a. It is formed so that the thickness is greatest at the intermediate portion, and the thickness gradually decreases toward both ends in the circumferential direction. Thereby, as for the air gap between the field element division | segmentation laminated | stacked steel plate part 226 and the armatures 30 and 40, the magnetic pole center (magnetic pole center in the said circumferential direction) of the permanent magnet 122 becomes the smallest, and it goes to the said circumferential direction edge part. It is getting bigger.

  In this modified example, each gap exhibits a magnetic flux density distribution that is substantially sinusoidal along the circumferential direction centering on the rotation shaft 18a, so that the harmonic component of the magnetic flux density distribution is suppressed and the iron loss is reduced. And cogging can be reduced.

{Second Embodiment}
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a field element of an axial gap type rotating electric machine according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a permanent magnet and a field element split laminated steel sheet portion of the same field magnet, 9 and 10 are diagrams showing the manufacturing process of the field magnet. Note that the two armatures 30 and 40 provided on both sides of the field element 320 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment, and therefore description thereof will be omitted. Here, the field element 320 will be mainly described.

  The field element 320 is formed in a substantially disc shape (more specifically, a substantially regular polygonal shape, here, a substantially regular octagonal shape), and is arranged rotatably around a predetermined rotation axis 18a via a shaft. Has been.

  The field element 320 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 322 and a field element laminated steel plate portion 324 having a plurality of field element split laminated steel plate portions 326.

  Each permanent magnet 322 is disposed around the rotating shaft 18a with a space therebetween. More specifically, the permanent magnet 322 is a belt-plate-like member having a substantially V shape as a whole on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. Each of the permanent magnets 322 is oriented so that the substantially V-shaped dent portion is directed toward the inner peripheral side and the substantially V-shaped protruding portion is directed toward the outer peripheral side, and the rotation shaft 18a is centered with a gap therebetween. It is arranged in a substantially annular shape. The permanent magnets 322 are also magnetized in the same manner as the permanent magnets 22, and exhibit alternating magnetic poles around the rotary shaft 18 a with respect to the armatures 30 and 40.

  Each permanent magnet 322 has the maximum radial length of the circle at the substantially central portion in the circumferential direction of the circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a, and the radial length of the circle toward both ends in the circumferential direction. Is a shape that gradually becomes shorter. As a result, the magnetic flux density distribution exhibited by the main field element 320 can be approximated to a sine wave around the rotation axis 18a, and the harmonic component of the magnetic flux density distribution can be suppressed to reduce the iron loss. Cogging can also be reduced.

  The field element laminated steel plate portion 324 has a plurality of steel plates laminated in the radial direction of a circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a. Here, the field element laminated steel plate portion 324 has a plurality of field element divided laminated steel plate portions 326 divided around the rotating shaft 18a. Each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions 326 is formed in a substantially trapezoidal flat plate shape by sequentially laminating strip-shaped steel plates whose width dimensions are sequentially increased along a predetermined direction. Such a field element split laminated steel plate portion 326 is in close contact with the rotary shaft 18a as a center with the short side portion of the two parallel side portions facing the inner peripheral side and the long side portion facing the outer peripheral side. The field element laminated steel plate portion 324 is configured by being arranged in a substantially annular shape. In this state, in each field element split laminated steel plate portion 326, the steel plates are stacked along the radial direction of the field element 320.

  Further, each field element split laminated steel plate portion 326 is formed with a magnet portion holding recess 327a capable of receiving and holding a substantially half portion of each permanent magnet 322 in the circumferential direction of the circle centering on the rotating shaft 18a. The magnet portion holding recess 327a is open at the circumferential end of the field element split laminated steel plate 326, and the recess depth in the circumferential direction gradually increases from the inner periphery toward the outer periphery. It is formed and is formed at both end portions in the circumferential direction of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 326. And the magnet holding recessed part 327 which can accommodate and hold the whole permanent magnet 322 is comprised by the magnet part holding recessed part 327a of the two field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate parts 326 adjacently provided. Further, since all the field element split laminated steel plate portions 326 are annularly arranged as described above, a plurality of magnet holding recesses 327 are annularly arranged, and each of the permanent magnets 322 is annularly arranged. It is supposed to be retained. Here, since each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 326 is formed in the substantially trapezoid plate shape, the radial direction length can be maximized in the circumferential direction approximate center part of the holding part of the permanent magnet 322. FIG. Therefore, as described above, the radial length of the circle is maximized at a substantially central portion in the circumferential direction of the circle centering on the rotation shaft 18a, and the radial length of the circle toward both ends in the circumferential direction. Thus, the magnet holding recess 327 having a space suitable for accommodating the permanent magnet 322 having a gradually shortening shape can be formed. Thereby, the whole magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 322 can be covered with the field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 326 so that it may mention later.

  The magnet part holding recess 327a as described above can be formed by punching and forming a concave shape corresponding to the magnet part holding recess 327a on the laminated steel sheet.

  Further, in the state where the permanent magnet 322 is accommodated in each magnet holding recess 327 as described above, the portion of the permanent magnet 322 facing the armatures 30 and 40 is the electric field of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 326. It is covered with a portion 326 a facing the child 30, 40. The substantially entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 322 is opposed to the armatures 30 and 40 via the facing portion 326a. In addition, since the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 322 is almost covered with the field element split laminated steel plate portion 326 so long as it is not substantially exposed to the air gap, a part of the permanent magnet 322 may protrude. . For example, the permanent magnet 322 may be an arc plate.

  Similar to the facing portion 26a, the facing portion 326a of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 326 prevents each permanent magnet 322 from demagnetizing and suppresses eddy currents due to harmonic magnetic flux inside the permanent magnet 322. Have a role. Further, even when the thickness dimension of each permanent magnet 322 is different, the magnet holding recess 327 is given a certain margin to absorb the difference, and the teeth 34 and 44 of the armatures 30 and 40 and the field element. By ensuring the gap accuracy by the dimensional accuracy of the divided laminated steel plate portion 326, the gap accuracy can be improved and the air gap length can be minimized and the variation can be reduced.

  The field element split laminated steel plate portion 326 is provided with a magnetic barrier portion 326 c located between the permanent magnets 322. The magnetic barrier portion 326c is a hole (substantially a square hole here) formed to a region sufficiently close to the permanent magnet 322 and both armatures 30 and 40, and the portion surrounding the magnetic barrier portion 326c is easily magnetically saturated. The cross-sectional area is sufficiently small as much as possible. The magnetic barrier portion 326c magnetically separates adjacent permanent magnets 322 from each other, and magnetically separates an intervening magnetic body portion 328 and a permanent magnet 322, which will be described later. A side portion in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet 322 is covered with a side portion 326b between the magnet portion holding recess 327a and the magnetic barrier portion 326c. The thickness dimension of the side portion 326b (thickness dimension in the circumferential direction of the field element 320) is set to be small enough to cause magnetic saturation between both poles of the permanent magnet 322 in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. A short circuit of the magnetic flux is prevented between the two poles.

  Here, two magnetic barrier portions 326c are provided between the permanent magnets 322 in the circumferential direction of the field element 320, and a substantially rectangular parallelepiped intervening magnetism is provided between the two magnetic barrier portions 326c. A body part 328 is provided.

  The intervening magnetic body portion 328 is disposed between the permanent magnets 322 and is formed to a size that reaches both ends of the field element 320 in the direction of the rotation axis 18a. The intervening magnetic body portion 328, like the intervening magnetic body portion 28, has a larger q-axis inductance Lq indicating the gap than the d-axis inductance Ld indicating the center of the permanent magnet 322. It exhibits reverse saliency and has a role of rotating the field element 320 by further adding so-called reluctance torque to so-called magnet torque.

  The magnetic barrier portion 326c as described above can be formed by punching and forming a hole shape corresponding to the shape of the laminated steel plate.

  Such a field element 320 is manufactured as follows, for example. First, a plurality of field element split laminated steel plate portions 326 and a plurality of permanent magnets 322 are prepared, and approximately half of each permanent magnet 322 is inserted into the magnet part holding recess 327a, and each field magnet is split by the permanent magnet 322. The laminated steel plate portions 326 are connected in a substantially annular shape (see FIG. 9). Thereafter, an inner ring member 350 made of a nonmagnetic material is fitted on the inner circumference side (see FIG. 10), and an outer ring member 352 made of a nonmagnetic material is fitted on the outer circumference side (see FIG. 10). (See FIG. 7). These ring members 350 and 352 constitute a nonmagnetic holder. The inner ring member 350 is connected and fixed to the shaft. Moreover, the outer peripheral side ring member 352 is formed in a ring shape having a substantially polygonal shape (more specifically, a substantially regular octagonal shape). Thereby, each said field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 326 is hold | maintained with the said predetermined arrangement | positioning form.

  According to the field element 320 according to the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, a plurality of field element split laminated steel plate portions 326 can be combined by being connected by permanent magnets 322.

  A modified example or a more specific configuration will be described based on the present embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to what was already demonstrated by the following description, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIGS. 11-13 is a figure which shows the modification concerning the fixation in the lamination | stacking state of a steel plate, and holding | maintenance of a permanent magnet. 12 and 13 show cross sections in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a.

  In the present modification, a locking claw 327b that protrudes into each magnet holding recess 327 and locks to the permanent magnet 322 accommodated and held therein is formed on the steel plate constituting the field element split laminated steel plate portion 326. Has been. The locking claw 327b is an extending piece formed so as to protrude integrally into the recess for forming each magnet portion holding recess 327a when the steel plate is punched into a predetermined shape. Locking claws 327b are formed on the steel plate constituting the magneton-split laminated steel plate portion 326 at both ends in the stacking direction and substantially in the center in the stacking direction. And the permanent magnet 322 can be inserted in each magnet holding | maintenance recessed part 327, bending the deformation | transformation nail | claw 327b (refer FIG. 11). When the permanent magnet 322 is inserted into the magnet holding recess 327, it is not necessary to bend and deform the locking claw 327b in the opening in the front in the insertion direction. Further, in a state where the permanent magnet 322 is accommodated in the magnet holding recess 327, the locking claws 327 b are elastically returned to the original posture at both ends in the stacking direction of the steel plates, and the inner peripheral side end surface and the outer peripheral side end surface of the permanent magnet 322 The permanent magnet 322 is prevented from falling off due to contact (see FIG. 12). In addition, the latching claw 327b is pressed against the side surface of the permanent magnet 322 by an elastic restoring force at a substantially central portion in the stacking direction of the steel plates to suppress the movement of the permanent magnet 322 (see FIG. 12). These locking claws 327b can effectively prevent the permanent magnet 322 from falling off and moving. In addition, it is not necessary to provide all these latching claws 327b, and it may be provided in at least one place on the inner peripheral side, the outer peripheral side, and an intermediate portion thereof.

  Here, each intervening magnetic body portion 328 is provided with a fastening portion 329 that fastens the stacked steel plates. As the fastening portion 329, dowel-shaped or cut-up uneven portions are formed on each steel plate, and the steel plates are kept in a laminated state so as to be entangled between the laminated steel plates (Kalamase, mold) It is also possible to adopt a configuration using a method clamp, a caulking or the like) or a bolt.

  Thereby, each steel plate can be held in a laminated state. In particular, in the field element split laminated steel plate portion 326, since the intervening magnetic body portion 328 is the portion having the largest area, the fastening portion 329 can be incorporated into such an intervening magnetic body portion 328 relatively easily. .

  FIG. 14 is a view showing another modification example related to holding of a permanent magnet. In this modification, the depth dimension of the magnet part holding recess 427a of the field element split laminated steel plate part 426 is set so that the depth dimension becomes smaller on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side, and a pair of magnet part holding recesses The inner peripheral side portion and the inner peripheral side portion of the magnet portion holding recess configured by 427a are formed to be narrower than the intermediate side portion. Thereby, the permanent magnet 322 is positioned at the narrowed portion, and the movement and dropping of the permanent magnet 322 can be effectively prevented.

  The permanent magnet 322 may have a shape whose width is narrowed on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side in accordance with the shape of the magnet part holding recess 427a.

  Further, when such a field element split laminated steel plate portion 426 is used, a plurality of field element split laminated steel plate portions 426 are arranged so as to draw an outer diameter larger than the actual outer diameter, and each field magnet is provided. After the permanent magnet 322 is fitted into the child split laminated steel plate portion 426, the field element can be assembled by moving each field element split laminated steel plate portion 426 toward the inner peripheral side. In particular, each field element split laminated steel plate portion 426 is formed with a magnet portion holding recess 427a capable of receiving and holding a substantially half portion of each permanent magnet 322 in the circumferential direction of the circle centering on the rotating shaft 18a. Therefore, the above assembly is possible.

  Further, it may be formed so as to be narrowed only on one side of the inner peripheral side portion and the inner peripheral side portion of the magnet part holding concave portion constituted by the pair of magnet portion holding concave portions 427a. At this time, the other may be held using a nonmagnetic holder.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another modification example related to holding of a permanent magnet. In this modification, a steel plate 526d that restricts the movement of the permanent magnet 322 through the opening of each magnet partial holding recess 327a is laminated on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 526. Here, the steel plate 526d is a band-shaped member having no holes. As a steel plate for restricting the movement of the permanent magnet 322, it is only necessary to prevent the permanent magnet 322 from dropping from the opening, and a hole may be formed in a portion corresponding to the magnetic barrier portion 326c. A hole to the extent that the permanent magnet 322 cannot pass may be formed in a portion corresponding to the opening of the recess 327a. Further, the steel plate 526d may be provided only on one of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side, or a plurality of steel plates may be provided on each of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side. Of course, a non-magnetic metal (stainless steel, brass, etc.) may be used. In this case, since the materials are different, the manufacturing becomes complicated, but it has an effect of reducing the leakage magnetic flux.

  In this modified example, the steel plate 526d can prevent the permanent magnet 322 from moving and falling off.

  FIG. 16 is a view showing a modification of the intervening magnetic body portion. The field element split laminated steel plate portion 626 according to this modification includes a magnetic barrier portion 626c corresponding to the magnetic barrier portion 326c and an intervening magnetic body portion 628 corresponding to the intervening magnetic body portion 328. Of the magnetic barrier portion 626c, the portion on the intervening magnetic body portion 628 side is inclined toward the magnet portion holding recess 327a toward both ends in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a, and the both ends of the intervening magnetic body portion 628 in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. A wide portion 628a that is wide in the circumferential direction of a circle centering on the rotation shaft 18a is formed on the side.

  By this wide portion 628a, the facing area of the intervening magnetic body portion 628 facing the armatures 30 and 40 can be increased. By introducing a large amount of magnetic flux through the intervening magnetic body portion 628, the q-axis inductance is increased, Accordingly, the reluctance torque can be increased. In this modification as well, a fastening portion 329 is provided in the intervening magnetic body portion 628.

  FIG. 17 is a view showing an example of a punched shape of a steel plate constituting the field element split laminated steel plate portion according to the second embodiment. That is, in the field element split laminated steel plate portion 326, the shapes of the intervening magnetic body portion 328 and each magnetic barrier portion 326c are formed in substantially the same shape in each layer, and the width of each magnet portion holding recess 327a is different in each layer. ing. Therefore, a long strip-shaped steel plate 760 is prepared, and holes 762 for forming intervening magnetic body portions 328 and magnetic barrier portions 326c and holes 763 for forming magnet portion holding recesses 327a are punched out at a predetermined pitch. deep. Thereafter, when the steel plate is divided at the hole 763 portion for forming the magnet portion holding recess 327a, the cutting positions are made different. For example, when the steel plates laminated at the position on the inner peripheral side are divided, the steel plates are divided at the cut lines C1 in the vicinity of both ends of the hole 763 for forming the magnet part holding recess 327a. Moreover, when dividing the steel plate laminated | stacked on the outer peripheral side position, it cuts with the cut line C3 near the center part of the hole 763 for magnet part holding | maintenance recessed part 327a formation. Further, when the steel plates laminated at these intermediate positions are divided, they are divided at the cut line C2 between the end and the center of the hole 763 for forming the magnet part holding recess 327a. As a result, a plurality of steel plates having the same shape with respect to the interposition magnetic body portion 328 and the holes 762 for forming the magnetic barrier portions 326c, and different width dimensions and widths of the recess portions 763a for forming the magnet portion holding recess portions 327a are obtained. Can do. And the field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part 326 can be manufactured by laminating | stacking these.

  Thereby, steel plates having different shapes can be obtained with relatively few types of molds.

  In the above embodiment, the intervening magnetic body portion 328 is not necessarily provided. In this case, it is only necessary to provide one magnetic barrier portion, and the steel plate 726d constituting the field element split laminated steel plate portion has one magnetic barrier portion forming hole 726e as shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to use. In this case, more permanent magnets can be embedded.

  19-21 is a figure which shows the modification concerning a field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part.

  In the field element 820 according to this modification, a fan-shaped field element split laminated steel plate portion 826 is configured by laminating steel plates bent in an arc shape. The field element split laminated steel plate portion 826 is connected in an annular shape to constitute a substantially disc-shaped field element laminated steel plate portion 824. The permanent magnet 822 is also formed in a substantially fan plate shape corresponding to the inner peripheral shape and the outer peripheral shape of the field element split laminated steel plate portion 826. Then, by ring-fitting a ring-shaped member 850 (preferably a thin ring-shaped member) around the outer periphery of the field-element laminated steel plate portion 824, the field-element-laminated steel plate portion 824 is held in a substantially disc shape and is permanently The magnet 822 is also held on the outer peripheral side so as not to come off.

  In this modification, the outer peripheral shape of the field element 820 can be brought close to a circular shape without unevenness, and the windage loss when the field element 820 rotates can be reduced.

  In the first embodiment, the outer shape of the field element 20 can be brought close to a substantially circular shape by similarly bending the steel plate into an arc shape.

{Third embodiment}
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 22 is a partially exploded perspective view showing the field element of the axial gap type rotating electric machine according to the present embodiment. Note that the two armatures 30 and 40 provided on both sides of the field element 920 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. Here, the field element 920 will be mainly described. The field element 920 is formed in a substantially disk shape, and is disposed so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis 18a via a shaft.

  The field element 920 is formed in a substantially disc shape (more specifically, a substantially regular polygonal shape, here, a substantially regular octagonal shape), and is arranged rotatably around a predetermined rotation axis 18a via a shaft. Has been.

  The field element 920 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 922 and a field element laminated steel plate portion 924.

  Each permanent magnet 922 is disposed around the rotation shaft 18a with a space therebetween. More specifically, the permanent magnet 922 is formed in a substantially fan shape on a plane that is substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. The permanent magnets 922 are arranged in a substantially annular shape centering on the rotating shaft 18a with the narrow portion facing the inner peripheral side and the wide portion facing the outer peripheral side with a gap therebetween. ing. The permanent magnets 922 are also magnetized in the same manner as the permanent magnets 22 and exhibit alternating magnetic poles around the rotary shaft 18a with respect to the armatures 30 and 40, respectively.

  The field element laminated steel plate portion 924 is formed by winding a single strip-shaped steel plate 960 around the rotary shaft 18a and laminating it in the radial direction. More specifically, a hole for forming a magnet holding recess 927 for accommodating each permanent magnet 922 and a magnetic barrier portion 926c having the same configuration as the magnetic barrier portion 326c are formed in one strip-shaped steel plate 960. The field element laminated steel plate portion 924 is formed by punching and forming holes for forming the holes at positions corresponding to the formation positions and winding the holes around the rotation shaft 18a. And winding is complete | finished and the integrated field element laminated steel plate part 924 can be obtained by hold | maintaining the lamination | stacking state of each steel plate 960 with a holding part abbreviate | omitting illustration. The field element laminated steel plate portion 924 is formed with a substantially fan-shaped magnet holding recess 927 capable of accommodating the permanent magnet 922, and between the permanent magnets 922, the magnetic barrier portion 326c and the intervening magnetic body. A magnetic barrier portion 926c and an intervening magnetic body portion 928 having the same configuration as the portion 328 are provided. That is, in the present embodiment, the permanent magnet 922 has a width in the direction substantially perpendicular to the radial direction of the field element 920 that gradually increases toward the outer peripheral side, and the magnetic barrier portion 926c and the intervening magnetic body portion 928 are In the radial direction of the field element 920, the width in a direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction is substantially equal.

  In this embodiment, the field element laminated steel plate portion 924 can be easily manufactured by winding the belt-shaped steel plate 960.

  In particular, since it is only necessary to maintain the winding state of the strip-shaped steel plate 960, it is relatively easy to maintain the laminated state.

  In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained except for the advantage of dividing the field element laminated steel sheet.

  Note that it is not always necessary to form the field element laminated steel plate portion 924 with a single strip-shaped steel plate, and the field element laminated steel plate portion 924 may be formed by sequentially winding a plurality of strip shaped steel plates.

  Further, as in the modification shown in FIG. 23, the magnet holding recess 1027, the permanent magnet 1022, and the magnetic barrier portion 1026c are substantially equal in width dimension substantially perpendicular to the radial direction along the radial direction of the field element 1020. In addition to increasing the width, the width of the intervening magnetic body portion 1028 may be sequentially increased from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side. In this case, the intervening magnetic body portion 1028 has a substantially fan shape in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. That is, the magnetic barrier portion 1026c and the magnet holding recess 1027 have substantially the same shape in each layer, and the width of the intervening magnetic body portion 1028 is different in each layer.

  In this case, as the strip-shaped steel plate 1060 constituting the field element laminated steel plate portion 1024, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 24, the hole 1062 for forming the magnet holding recess 1027 and the magnetic barrier portion 1026c are formed. The hole 1064 can be punched in the same shape as a set, and the punching position can be changed by changing the feed amount of the steel sheet according to the width of the intervening magnetic body portion 1028. For this reason, what is necessary is just to prepare one type as a blade shape of the metal mold | die for punching, and a manufacturing facility can be simplified.

  In each of the above embodiments, the permanent magnets are provided in one layer in the rotation axis direction. However, the permanent magnets are provided in two layers in the rotation axis direction, and each permanent magnet in each layer is armature 30. , 40 may be provided with magnetic poles. By disposing the permanent magnets in two layers, different magnetic pole arrangements can be made for both armatures 30 and 40, and rotational motion can be generated.

  In the above modification according to the present embodiment, when a configuration in which the permanent magnets are provided in two layers in the rotation axis direction is applied, magnet holding recesses are formed on both sides of the strip-shaped steel plate 1160 as shown in FIG. And a hole 1164 for forming a magnetic barrier portion may be formed. In this case, the portion sandwiched between the permanent magnets 1122 (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 26) of each layer serves as a back yoke, and therefore it is not necessary to provide a magnetic barrier at that portion. By adopting a configuration in which no magnetic barrier is provided, the configuration can be simplified and downsized. In this case, since the permanent magnets 1122 in each layer constitute different magnetic circuits, the positions of the permanent magnets 1122 do not have to be the same in each layer. Also in this case, each permanent magnet 1122 is not exposed to the air gap and the field element laminated steel plate portion is exposed to the air gap. Via the armature.

  In this case, the hole 1262 for forming the magnet holding recess formed in the belt-shaped steel plate 1260 and the hole 1264 for forming the magnetic barrier portion may be integrated and integrated. In this case, it is preferable to provide a positioning part such as a step 1266 on which the permanent magnet 1122 can abut so that the permanent magnet 1122 does not move.

{Modifications}
Note that the configurations according to the above-described embodiments and modifications can be appropriately combined as long as they do not conflict with each other.

  In the above description, the field element is a rotor and the armature is a stator. However, the field element may be a stator and the armature may be a stator. That is, the field element may be rotated relative to the armature.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type rotary electric machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the field element of an axial gap type rotary electric machine same as the above. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2. It is a figure which shows the field element which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the shape of the field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part which concerns on a modification same as the above, a permanent magnet, and an intervening magnetic core. It is a figure which shows the state hold | maintained by the field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part which concerns on a modification same as the above, a permanent magnet, and an intervening core nonmagnetic material holder. It is a perspective view which shows the field element of the axial gap type rotary electric machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the permanent magnet of a field element same as the above, and a field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is a figure which shows the modification which concerns on fixation in the lamination | stacking state of a steel plate, and holding | maintenance of a permanent magnet. It is a figure which shows the modification same as the above. It is a figure which shows the modification same as the above. It is a figure which shows the other modification which concerns on holding | maintenance of a permanent magnet. It is a figure which shows the other modification which concerns on holding | maintenance of a permanent magnet. It is a figure which shows the modification concerning an intervening magnetic body part. It is a figure which shows the punching shape example of the steel plate which comprises the field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a shape of the steel plate at the time of providing only one magnetic barrier part. It is a figure which shows the modification which concerns on a field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of the modification same as the above. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of the modification same as the above. It is a partially exploded perspective view which shows the field element of the axial gap type rotary electric machine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the modification of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the punching shape example of the steel plate of the modification same as the above. It is a figure which shows the punching shape example of the steel plate of the modification same as the above. It is a figure which shows the punching shape example of a steel plate in the case of providing a permanent magnet in two layers. It is a figure which shows the other punching shape example of a steel plate in the case of providing a permanent magnet in two layers.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Axial-gap type rotary electric machine 18a Rotating shaft 20, 120, 320, 820, 920, 1020 Field element 22, 122, 322, 822, 922 Permanent magnet 24, 124, 324, 824, 924, 1024 Field element laminated steel sheet Portions 26, 126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 826 Field element split laminated steel plate portions 26a, 226a, 326a Opposing portions 26b, 326b Side portions 27, 127, 327, 927, 1027 Magnet holding recesses 28, 128, 328, 628, 1028 Intervening magnetic part 30, 40 Armature 50, 150 Non-magnetic holder 326c, 626c, 926c Magnetic barrier part 327a, 427a Magnet part holding recess 327b Locking claw 329 Fastening part 350 Inner ring Member 352 Outer ring member 526d Steel plate 62 a wide portion 726d steel 760,1060,1160,1260 steel plate 960 steel plate

Claims (24)

A field element (20, 120 ), and two armatures (30, 40) provided on both sides of the field element with an air gap therebetween, wherein the field element is the two armatures. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine that rotates around the rotation axis (18a) relative to
The field element is
A plurality of permanent magnets (22, 122 ) disposed around the rotation axis and each having a magnetic pole with respect to one or both of the two armatures;
A field element laminated steel plate portion (24, 124 ) having a plurality of steel plates laminated in a radial direction of a circle around the rotation axis;
With
A plurality of magnet holding recesses (27, 127 ) capable of accommodating and holding the permanent magnets are formed in the field element laminated steel plate, and the field elements are not exposed to the air gap. In a form in which the laminated steel plate portion is exposed to the air gap, each permanent magnet is housed and held in each magnet holding recess, and a portion of the field element laminated steel plate portion facing each armature ( Facing one or both of the two armatures via 26a, 226a ) ,
The field element laminated steel plate portion (24, 124) has a plurality of field element divided laminated steel plate portions (26, 126, 226) divided around the rotation axis,
The axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the magnet holding recesses (27, 127) into which one permanent magnet can be inserted are formed in each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions (26, 126, 226). The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
Each field element division laminated steel plate part (126, 226) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine formed by laminating steel plates punched in substantially the same shape . An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
Between each said field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part (26,126,226), each magnetic body part (28, substantially magnetically independent with respect to each said permanent magnet and each said field element division lamination steel plate part) 128), an axial gap type rotating electrical machine.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3,
  A surface of each of the magnetic body portions (28, 128) that faces the field-element-divided laminated steel plate portion, and each magnetic body portion of the field-element-divided laminated steel plate portion (26, 126, 226). An axial gap type rotating electrical machine that is substantially parallel to the surface facing the.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3 or claim 4,
  Each said magnetic body part (128) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine formed with the dust core.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3 or claim 4,
  Each said 2nd magnetic body part (28) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine formed with the laminated steel plate with which the steel plate was laminated | stacked in the direction substantially orthogonal to the said rotating shaft.   A field element (320, 820) and two armatures (30, 40) provided on both sides of the field element with an air gap therebetween, and the field element is connected to the two armatures. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine that rotates relative to the rotation axis (18a) relatively,
  The field element is
  A plurality of permanent magnets (322, 822) disposed around the rotation axis and each having a magnetic pole with respect to one or both of the two armatures;
  A field element laminated steel plate portion (324, 824) having a plurality of steel plates laminated in a radial direction of a circle centered on the rotation axis;
  With
  A plurality of magnet holding recesses (327) capable of accommodating and holding the respective permanent magnets are formed in the field element laminated steel sheet part, and the field element laminated steel sheet part is not substantially exposed to the air gap. Are exposed to the air gap, and the permanent magnets are housed and held in the magnet holding recesses, and the opposing portions (26a, 226a) of the field element laminated steel plate portions to the armatures. , 326a) against one or both of the two armatures,
  The field element laminated steel plate portion (324, 824) has a plurality of field element divided laminated steel plate portions (326, 426, 526, 626, 826) divided around the rotation axis,
  Each of the field element split laminated steel plate portions (326, 426, 526, 626, 826) can accommodate and hold approximately half of the permanent magnets in the circumferential direction of the circle around the rotation axis. Partial holding recesses (327a, 427a) are formed,
  An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the two magnet partial holding recesses provided in the two adjacent field element split laminated steel plate portions hold the permanent magnet as the magnet holding recess (327).   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 7,
  Each said permanent magnet (322) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine formed in the shape where the radial direction length of the circle | round | yen centering on the said rotating shaft becomes the maximum at the approximate center part in the said circumferential direction.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 7 or claim 8,
  Each said magnet part holding | maintenance recessed part (427a) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine with which at least one of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the said field element is narrow.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
  Each steel plate constituting each field element split laminated steel plate portion (824) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine, which is bent in an arc shape.   It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-10,
  Each field element division | segmentation laminated steel plate part is an axial gap type rotary electric machine hold | maintained with the nonmagnetic material holder (50,150,350,352).   It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-10,
  An axial gap type rotating electric machine comprising a non-magnetic holder (150) molded integrally with each field element split laminated steel plate portion.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
  An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a magnetic barrier portion (326c, 626c) is provided between the permanent magnets (322, 822).   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 13,
  An axial gap in which two magnetic barrier portions (326c, 626c) are provided between the permanent magnets (322, 822), and a magnetic body portion (328, 628) is provided between the two magnetic barrier portions. Type rotating electric machine.   The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 14,
  Each of the magnetic body portions (628) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine formed so as to have a wide width (628a) in a circumferential direction of a circle centered on the rotation axis at both ends in the rotation axis direction.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 14 or 15,
  An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a fastening portion (329) for fastening laminated steel plates is provided on at least one of the magnetic body portions.   It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 14-16,
  Each of the magnetic barrier portions (326c, 626c) has substantially the same shape in each layer,
  An axial gap type rotating electric machine in which one of the width of each magnet holding recess (327) and the width of each magnetic body (328, 628) is substantially the same in each layer and the other is different in each layer.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
  The steel plate constituting the field element laminated steel plate portion is formed with a locking claw (327b) that protrudes into each magnet holding recess and locks to the permanent magnet housed and held in each magnet holding recess. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine.   The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 18,
  An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a steel plate (526d) that restricts the movement of each permanent magnet through the opening of each magnet holding recess is laminated on at least one of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the field element laminated steel plate portion. .   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 19,
  A non-magnetic ring member (52, 54, 350, 352) that restricts the movement of each permanent magnet through the opening of each magnet holding recess on at least one of the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the field element laminated steel plate part An axial gap type rotating electrical machine provided with   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
  Each said permanent magnet (22,122,322,822) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine provided in 1 layer in the said rotating shaft direction.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
  Each permanent magnet (1122) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine provided in two layers in the direction of the rotation axis.   An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 22,
  An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which no magnetic barrier is provided between the layers of the permanent magnets (1122).   A method for manufacturing an axial gap rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 23,
  A method of manufacturing an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which each field element split laminated steel plate portion (26, 126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 826) is manufactured by punching a steel plate and then laminating.

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