JP4558816B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4558816B2 JP4558816B2 JP2008147854A JP2008147854A JP4558816B2 JP 4558816 B2 JP4558816 B2 JP 4558816B2 JP 2008147854 A JP2008147854 A JP 2008147854A JP 2008147854 A JP2008147854 A JP 2008147854A JP 4558816 B2 JP4558816 B2 JP 4558816B2
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- Prior art keywords
- reducing agent
- urea water
- temperature
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Links
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 63
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YDLQKLWVKKFPII-UHFFFAOYSA-N timiperone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCC(N2C(NC3=CC=CC=C32)=S)CC1 YDLQKLWVKKFPII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950000809 timiperone Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 234
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 181
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0408—Methods of control or diagnosing using a feed-back loop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
のような反応によりアンモニア(NH3)が生成される。そして、SCR触媒42を排気
が通過する際、アンモニアによって排気中のNOxが選択的に還元浄化される。その際、以下に示すような還元反応が行われることによって、NOxが還元浄化されることになる。
4NO+4NH3+O2→4N2+6H2O …(式2)
6NO2+8NH3→7N2+12H2O …(式3)
NO+NO2+2NH3→2N2+3H2O …(式4)
このようにアンモニアによるNOxの還元浄化が行われる際、アンモニアがNOxと反応しきれずに余剰となると、その余剰アンモニアが排気に混じって排気下流側に放出される。かかる場合、余剰アンモニアは、SCR触媒下流側のアンモニアスリップ触媒43(例えば酸化触媒)により除去されるようになっている。
本発明は上記実施形態の記載内容に限定されず、例えば次のように実施されてもよい。
Claims (4)
- 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられ還元剤により排気中のNOxを選択的に浄化するNOx触媒と、前記NOx触媒の排気上流側に液状の還元剤を添加する還元剤添加手段と、前記還元剤添加手段に供給される還元剤を加圧する加圧手段とを備え、前記NOx触媒は、浄化率飽和温度よりも高温になると、NOx浄化率が所定の高浄化率レベルに飽和し、前記還元剤の粒径が小さいほど前記浄化率飽和温度が低いものである排気浄化システムに適用され、
前記NOx触媒の温度又はそれに相関する温度情報を計測又は推定により取得する取得手段と、
前記取得手段により取得した触媒温度又は温度情報に基づいて、前記加圧手段により加圧される還元剤圧力を低圧と高圧の2段階で切り替えることで、前記還元剤添加手段から添加される還元剤の噴霧粒径を大小の2段階で切り替える噴霧粒径制御手段と、を備え、
前記噴霧粒径制御手段は、前記還元剤の粒径を大小切り替える場合においてそのうち粒径大である場合の前記NOx触媒の浄化率飽和温度を温度しきい値として、前記NOx触媒の温度が前記温度しきい値よりも高温側である場合に前記加圧手段により還元剤圧力を低圧にするとともに、前記NOx触媒の温度が前記温度しきい値よりも低温側である場合に前記加圧手段により還元剤圧力を高圧にすることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記噴霧粒径制御手段は、内燃機関の始動時において前記還元剤の噴霧粒径を小さくし、所定時間の経過後に噴霧粒径を大きくする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 前記還元剤添加手段により添加される還元剤を加熱する加熱手段を備え、
前記噴霧粒径制御手段は、前記加圧手段による還元剤の加圧に加え、前記加熱手段による還元剤の加熱を実施することにより還元剤の噴霧粒径を変更する請求項2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記還元剤の圧力を検出する手段と、
前記検出した還元剤の圧力に応じて前記還元剤添加手段による還元剤添加の周期、及び1回あたりの添加時間の少なくともいずれかを可変に設定する手段と、
を備える請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008147854A JP4558816B2 (ja) | 2008-06-05 | 2008-06-05 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE102009026754A DE102009026754B4 (de) | 2008-06-05 | 2009-06-04 | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Reinigen von Abgas |
US12/478,870 US20090301068A1 (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2009-06-05 | Exhaust-gas purification apparatus and method for purifying exhaust gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008147854A JP4558816B2 (ja) | 2008-06-05 | 2008-06-05 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009293513A JP2009293513A (ja) | 2009-12-17 |
JP4558816B2 true JP4558816B2 (ja) | 2010-10-06 |
Family
ID=41269032
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008147854A Expired - Fee Related JP4558816B2 (ja) | 2008-06-05 | 2008-06-05 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090301068A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4558816B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102009026754B4 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5711578B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-18 | 2015-05-07 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 尿素水改質器及びこれを用いた排ガス浄化装置 |
WO2012128145A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-27 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 尿素水改質器及びこれを用いた排ガス浄化装置 |
US8635854B2 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2014-01-28 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Reductant injection control system |
US8701389B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2014-04-22 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Reagent injector control system |
JP2013142309A (ja) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-07-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US9222389B2 (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2015-12-29 | Cummins Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling reductant delivery to an exhaust stream |
CN104220710B (zh) * | 2012-03-29 | 2017-11-14 | 沃尔沃建筑设备公司 | 诊断选择性催化还原催化剂的方法 |
EP2837784B1 (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2017-07-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust purification device for internal combustion engine |
JP2014005742A (ja) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-16 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
WO2013190698A1 (ja) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化装置の劣化検出システム |
US20140030175A1 (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-01-30 | Ti Group Automotive Systems, L.L.C. | Method of operating a selective catalytic reduction (scr) assembly, and assembly therefor |
US20140199771A1 (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-17 | Miratech Holdings, Llc | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ANALYSIS AND SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF NOx-CONTAINING GAS STREAMS |
SE537640C2 (sv) * | 2013-03-07 | 2015-09-01 | Scania Cv Ab | Förfarande vid ett SCR-system och ett SCR-system |
US9399942B2 (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-07-26 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc. | Reductant delivery performance diagnostics system |
JP6365099B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-08 | 2018-08-01 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 尿素水の温度管理システム及び尿素水の温度管理方法 |
DE102016205555A1 (de) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-05 | Röchling Automotive SE & Co. KG | SCR-Vorrichtung mit Ventilanordnung |
DE102016215380A1 (de) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-02-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erkennung einer blockierten Druckleitung |
JP2018076801A (ja) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-17 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化システム |
JP2018150851A (ja) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-27 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | エンジンの尿素scrシステム |
JP6939528B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-25 | 2021-09-22 | 株式会社デンソー | 排気浄化制御装置 |
JP2020012433A (ja) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 車載エンジンの排気構造 |
JP6927261B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-08-25 | 株式会社デンソー | エンジンの触媒反応システム |
WO2020137750A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | 株式会社デンソー | エンジンの触媒反応システム |
JP2021055563A (ja) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-08 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置、及び車両 |
US11274583B1 (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2022-03-15 | Sonix Enterprises Inc. | Internal combustion engine exhaust modification system |
US11591941B2 (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2023-02-28 | Sonix Enterprises Inc. | Internal combustion engine exhaust modification system |
CN114370318B (zh) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-05-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 一种减少后处理尿素结晶的方法及汽车 |
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2008
- 2008-06-05 JP JP2008147854A patent/JP4558816B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-06-04 DE DE102009026754A patent/DE102009026754B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-05 US US12/478,870 patent/US20090301068A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2000240429A (ja) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-09-05 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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JP2003083053A (ja) * | 2001-09-11 | 2003-03-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102009026754A1 (de) | 2009-12-10 |
JP2009293513A (ja) | 2009-12-17 |
DE102009026754B4 (de) | 2012-04-26 |
US20090301068A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
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