JP4530003B2 - 燃料電池用電極触媒、及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池用電極触媒、及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4530003B2 JP4530003B2 JP2007182730A JP2007182730A JP4530003B2 JP 4530003 B2 JP4530003 B2 JP 4530003B2 JP 2007182730 A JP2007182730 A JP 2007182730A JP 2007182730 A JP2007182730 A JP 2007182730A JP 4530003 B2 JP4530003 B2 JP 4530003B2
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- fuel cell
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 3
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000000192 extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019851 Ru—Se Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- NQZFAUXPNWSLBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;ruthenium Chemical group [Ru].[Ru].[Ru].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-] NQZFAUXPNWSLBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/9083—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/923—Compounds thereof with non-metallic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
第2に、本発明は、上記の燃料電池用電極触媒を備えた固体高分子型燃料電池である。
以下、実施例および比較例によって本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
ルテニウムカルボニル及びイオウをアルゴン中で140℃で加熱し、冷却の後、アセトンで洗浄し、ろ過をする。ここで、ルテニウムに対するイオウの仕込み量(mol%)を、0、20、37、45、56%とした。ろ過物であるRu−S/Cを350℃で1時間焼成して触媒を調整した。このように、触媒試料として、組成を変えたカルコゲナイド2元系触媒を用意した。
また、市販のRuS2をイオウの仕込み量(mol%)が67%相当触媒とした。
上記の触媒材料について、TEM、EXAFS及びXPSを用いて構造解析を行った。
図2に、TEMによる観察結果を示す。TEMによる観察の結果、粒径3〜4nmの金属粒子を確認し、該金属粒子のX線解析の結果、Ru金属結晶格子を持つ粒子であることを確認した。即ち、金属粒子内には硫黄原子は存在していない。
上記の各触媒材料について、被覆率と触媒活性の関係を求めた。下記表1に、調製した各触媒の解析・評価結果を示す。
被覆率(%)={(EXAFSより求められる配位数)/4}×100
Claims (5)
- 導電性担体に、ルテニウム(Ru)、モリブデン(Mo)、オスミウム(Os)、コバルト(Co)、ロジウム(Rh)、イリジウム(Ir)、鉄(Fe)、ニッケル(Ni)、パラジウム(Pd)、レニウム(Re)から選択される少なくとも1種の遷移金属元素と、イオウ(S)、セレン(Se)、及びテルル(Te)から選択される少なくとも1種のカルコゲン元素が担持された燃料電池用電極触媒であって、
導電性担体と、導電性担体に直接担持されている遷移金属結晶からなるコア部と、カルコゲン元素と該カルコゲン元素が配位する前記遷移金属結晶の表面原子とからなるシェル部とからなり、該コア部の外周が該シェル部によって部分的に被覆されていることを特徴とする燃料電池用電極触媒。 - 前記カルコゲン元素がイオウ(S)であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の燃料電池用電極触媒。
- 遷移金属結晶の表面原子がカルコゲン元素と取り得る最大配位数に対する前記カルコゲン元素の配位数の割合が、22〜95%であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池用電極触媒。
- 遷移金属結晶の表面原子がカルコゲン元素と取り得る最大配位数に対する前記カルコゲン元素の配位数の割合が、33〜88%であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池用電極触媒。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用電極触媒を備えた固体高分子型燃料電池。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007182730A JP4530003B2 (ja) | 2007-07-12 | 2007-07-12 | 燃料電池用電極触媒、及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
PCT/JP2008/062777 WO2009008544A1 (ja) | 2007-07-12 | 2008-07-09 | 燃料電池用電極触媒、及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
CN200880024239.5A CN101743655B (zh) | 2007-07-12 | 2008-07-09 | 燃料电池用电极催化剂和使用该催化剂的固体高分子型燃料电池 |
US12/668,032 US8383287B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2008-07-09 | Fuel cell electrode catalyst and polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the same |
EP08778194.4A EP2178141B1 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2008-07-09 | Fuel cell electrode catalyst and polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007182730A JP4530003B2 (ja) | 2007-07-12 | 2007-07-12 | 燃料電池用電極触媒、及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009021092A JP2009021092A (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
JP4530003B2 true JP4530003B2 (ja) | 2010-08-25 |
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JP2007182730A Expired - Fee Related JP4530003B2 (ja) | 2007-07-12 | 2007-07-12 | 燃料電池用電極触媒、及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8383287B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2178141B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4530003B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101743655B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009008544A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (7)
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DE112010005263B4 (de) * | 2010-02-12 | 2022-07-21 | Audi Ag | Platin-Monoschicht auf hohlen, porösen Nanopartikeln mit großen Oberflächen-Flächen und Herstellungsverfahren |
WO2011099955A1 (en) | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | Utc Power Corporation | Platinum nanoparticles having hollow skeletal structures and methods of making |
JP5678499B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-15 | 2015-03-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | リチウム空気電池 |
FR2992234B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-22 | 2016-12-09 | Centre Nat De La Rech Scient (C N R S) | Procede de preparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la reduction cathodique du dioxygene en presence de methanol |
EP2925439B1 (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2021-02-17 | Audi AG | Core-shell catalyst and method of making a palladium-based core particle |
WO2016011342A1 (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-21 | Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Heterostructures for ultra-active hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis |
JP2019098292A (ja) * | 2017-12-07 | 2019-06-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化触媒 |
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DE10132490B4 (de) | 2001-07-03 | 2007-04-12 | Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gmbh | Platinfreies Chelat-Katalysatormaterial für die selektive Sauerstoffreduktion und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
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- 2007-07-12 JP JP2007182730A patent/JP4530003B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2008
- 2008-07-09 EP EP08778194.4A patent/EP2178141B1/en active Active
- 2008-07-09 US US12/668,032 patent/US8383287B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-09 CN CN200880024239.5A patent/CN101743655B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-09 WO PCT/JP2008/062777 patent/WO2009008544A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2178141A4 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
WO2009008544A1 (ja) | 2009-01-15 |
EP2178141B1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
US20100323274A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
EP2178141A1 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
JP2009021092A (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
CN101743655A (zh) | 2010-06-16 |
CN101743655B (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
US8383287B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 |
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