JP4511932B2 - 耐貫通性生命保護物品 - Google Patents
耐貫通性生命保護物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4511932B2 JP4511932B2 JP2004531232A JP2004531232A JP4511932B2 JP 4511932 B2 JP4511932 B2 JP 4511932B2 JP 2004531232 A JP2004531232 A JP 2004531232A JP 2004531232 A JP2004531232 A JP 2004531232A JP 4511932 B2 JP4511932 B2 JP 4511932B2
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- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- yarns
- fiber
- fabric
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
- Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
- Y10T442/3228—Materials differ
- Y10T442/326—Including synthetic polymeric strand material
- Y10T442/3276—Including polyamide strand material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3472—Woven fabric including an additional woven fabric layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3472—Woven fabric including an additional woven fabric layer
- Y10T442/3528—Three or more fabric layers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
Description
層のそれぞれが織布でできている、平方メートル当たり0.5〜6.0キログラムの面密度を有する複数の柔軟な耐スパイク貫通性層を含んでなり、
織布が0.75〜1.15の布ち密度因子を有し、かつ、糸でできており、
糸が500デシテックス以下の線密度、デシテックス当たり3〜20グラムの強度、およびグラム当たり8〜30ジュール未満の破断エネルギーを有し、ステープルファイバーをさらに含んでなり、
ステープルファイバーが繊維当たり0.2〜7.0デシテックスの線密度を有する
耐貫通性生命保護物品に関する。
物品10は複数の柔軟な耐スパイク貫通性層12、14を含有する。
層12、14は織布でできている。織ったとは、平織、千鳥綾織、バスケット織、朱子織、綾織などのような任意の布の織り方を意味する。平織が最も普通である。
dw=布中のたて糸の幅
df=布中のよこ糸の幅
pw=たて糸のピッチ(単位長さ当たりの端)
pf=よこ糸のピッチ
織布は糸から製造される。糸は500デシテックスもしくはそれ以下、好ましくは少なくとも25デシテックスの線密度を有する。糸はデシテックス当たり3〜20グラム、好ましくはデシテックス当たり5〜16グラムの強度を有する。糸はグラム当たり8〜30ジュール未満、好ましくはグラム当たり10〜25ジュールの破断エネルギー(または靱性)を有する。糸は好ましくは少なくとも2.0パーセントの破断伸びを有し、破断伸びについては何の公知の上限もない。2.0パーセント未満である破断伸びは、脆い糸を典型的にもたらす。
撚り係数=tpi*平方根(デニール)/73 (7)
=tpc*平方根(デシテックス)/30.3 (8)
=tpi/平方根(綿番手) (9)
式中、tpi=インチ当たりの撚り数
tpc=センチメートル当たりの撚り数、および
綿番手=1ポンドの重さがあるのに必要とされる840ヤードかせの数である。
糸はステープルファイバーでできている。本明細書での目的のためには、用語「繊維」は、長さ対その長さに垂直のその断面積を横切る幅の高い比を有する、比較的柔軟な、巨視的には均質の物体と定義される。繊維断面は任意の形状であり得るが、典型的には円形である。用語「フィラメント」は用語「繊維」と同義的に用いられる。
繊維は、ポリアミド繊維、ポリオレフィン繊維、ポリベンゾオキサゾール繊維、ポリベンゾチアゾール繊維、ポリ{2,6−ジイミダゾ[4,5−b4’,5’−e]ピリジニレン−1,4(2,5−ジヒドロキシ)フェニレン}(PIPD)繊維、またはそれらの混合物製である。好ましくは、繊維はポリアミド製である。
本発明の物品は、堅いプレートまたは小プレートなしに、かつ、布材料に含浸されるマトリックス樹脂なしに専ら織布で好ましくは構築される。結果として、本発明の物品は、匹敵する保護を提供する先行技術の耐貫通性構造体よりも柔軟であり、重量が軽い。
次の試験方法が次の実施例で用いられた。
糸または繊維の線密度は、米国材料試験協会(ASTM)D1907−97およびD885−98に記載されている手順に準拠して既知の長さの糸または繊維の重量を量ることによって測定される。デシテックスまたは「dtex」は、10,000メートルの糸または繊維のグラム単位の重量と定義される。
試験されるべき繊維は順化され、次にASTM D885−98に記載されている手順に準拠して引張試験される。強度(切断強度)、破断伸び、および弾性率はインストロン(Instron)試験機で試験繊維を破断することによって測定される。
布層の面密度は、布の単位面積(重量)当たりの質量についてASTM D3776−96の標準試験方法によって測定される。複合構造体の面密度は、個々の層の面密度の合計によって求められる。
製造されたステープルファイバーの捲縮頻度の測定値は、ASTM D3937−01(1995)の標準試験方法によって測定される。
製造されたステープルファイバーの長さおよび長さ分布の測定値は、ASTM D5103−01(1995)の標準試験方法によって測定される。
多層パネルの耐スパイク性試験は、2000年9月に刊行された、スパイクの保護クラスについてのNIJ標準−0115.00「個人防弾チョッキの耐突刺し性」に従って行われる。
多層パネルの弾道試験は、2000年9月に刊行された、NIJ標準−0101.04「個人防弾チョッキの耐弾道性」に従って行われる。
商標ケブラー(KEVLAR)(登録商標)でイー・アイ・デュポン・ドゥ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー(E.I.du Pont de Nemours and Company)(「デュポン(DuPont)」)から商業的に入手可能なポリ(p−フェニレンテレフタルアミド)繊維でできた次の異なるタイプの糸を製造する。
糸#1は、デシテックス当たり24.5グラムの公称強度、デシテックス当たり630グラムの公称弾性率、3.4%の公称破断伸び、および繊維当たり1.67デシテックスの公称線密度の、商標ケブラー(登録商標)でデュポンから入手可能な、220デシテックスのポリ(p−フェニレンテレフタルアミド)連続フィラメント糸である。糸の破断エネルギーは、30J/gよりも大きい37.7J/gである。
糸#2は、660デシテックス(18/2s英式綿番手)、フィラメント当たり1.67デシテックス(1.5dpf)ケブラー(登録商標)短繊維の綿システムリング精紡糸である。糸の破断エネルギーは、30J/gよりも小さいが8J/gよりも大きい、11.5J/gであり、公称強度はデシテックス当たり7.8グラムであり、公称破断伸びは4.05%である。この糸を、4.8cm平方切断、一様な長さフィラメント当たり1.67デシテックスのステープルファイバーを用いて製造する。これらのステープルファイバーを、同業者によく知られている様々な装置を組み込んだ短繊維紡績技術を用いて糸に変換する。本実施例用の糸を製造するために用いられる短繊維リング精紡法は、(1)ステープルファイバーがカードスラーバに変換されるカーディング工程、(2)マルチプルカードスライバが仕上げ延伸スライバに変換されるマルチプルパス延伸工程(ブレーカー/中間/仕上げ延伸)、(3)延伸スライバがロービングへと加工されるロービング工程、(4)ロービングが精紡糸へとリング撚りされるリング精紡工程、(5)リング精紡糸から望ましくない欠陥を取り除くためのクリーニング工程、および(6)円錐上に糸のパッケージを形成する巻き取り工程を含む。
糸#3は、220デシテックス(26.6/1s英式綿番手)、フィラメント当たり1.67デシテックス(1.5dpf)ケブラー(登録商標)引き伸ばし切断リング精紡糸である。糸の破断エネルギーは、30J/gよりも著しく小さいが8J/gよりも大きい、9.2J/gであり、公称強度はデシテックス当たり8.6グラムであり、公称破断伸びは2.44%である。この糸を、7〜11cm(約3〜約5インチ)の典型的な平均長さの、引き伸ばし切断した、可変長さフィラメント当たり1.7デシテックスのステープルファイバーから製造する。これらのステープルファイバーを製造し、同業者によく知られている様々な装置を組み込んだ「トウ−トップ(tow to top)」長繊維梳毛糸リング精紡技術を用いて紡績スフ糸に変換する。本実施例用の糸を製造するために用いられる方法は、(1)複数の連続フィラメント糸を含有するトウが伸ばされ、ランダム長さに切断されて「トップ」を製造する引き伸ばし切断工程、(2)マルチプル引き伸ばし切断スライバ、すなわち「トップ」が仕上げ延伸スライバに変換される、ギリングとしても知られる、マルチプルパス・ピン延伸工程(ブレーカー/中間/仕上げ延伸)、(3)延伸スライバがロービングへと加工されるロービング工程、(4)ロービングが精紡糸へとリング撚りされるリング精紡工程、(5)リング精紡糸から望ましくない欠陥を取り除くためのクリーニング工程、および(6)円錐上に糸をパッケージするための巻き取り工程を含む。
糸#4は、デシテックス当たり24.1グラムの公称強度、デシテックス当たり630グラムの公称弾性率、3.4%の公称破断伸び、および繊維当たり1.67デシテックスの公称線密度の、商標ケブラー(登録商標)でデュポンから入手可能な、930デシテックスのポリ(p−フェニレンテレフタルアミド)連続フィラメント糸である。糸の破断エネルギーは、30J/gよりも大きい44.3J/gである。
上記の糸を、様々な面密度での試験のために次の布の層にする。
(1)220デシテックス糸#1の平織布を、1.0の布ち密度因子で、インチ当たり70×70本(センチメートル当たり27.6×27.6本)で製造し、対照として使用する。この層を層「A」と特定する。
(2)660デシテックス糸#2の平織布を、0.88の布ち密度因子で、インチ当たり34×34本(センチメートル当たり13.4×13.4本)で製造する。この層を層「B」と特定する。
(3)220デシテックス糸#3の平織布を、1.0の布ち密度因子で、インチ当たり70×70本(センチメートル当たり27.6×27.6本)で製造する。この層を層「C」と特定する。
(4)930デシテックス糸#4の平織布を、0.82の布ち密度因子で、インチ当たり26×26本(センチメートル当たり10.2×10.2本)で製造する。この層を層「D」と特定する。
本発明の実施例1では、「C」の布層を、スパイクに抗する突刺し試験を行うための本発明の様々な複合構造体の試料にした。比較例2、3および4では、「A」、「B」および「D」の布層を、スパイクに抗する突刺し試験を行うための複合構造体にした。行うべきスパイクに抗する突刺し試験は、2000年9月付け「個人防弾チョッキの耐突刺し性」という表題のNIJ標準0115.00に記載されているようなレベル1についての試験プロトコールに準拠した。該試験プロトコールは、レベル1性能要件を満たすために、24ジュールで試験した時には7mm以下、36ジュールで試験した時には20mm以下の最大許容貫入を明記している。スパイクに抗する突刺し試験の結果を表1に示す。
物体に抗する攻撃面での「C」の22層と内面での「D」の16層とから製造された試料に関する行われるべき弾道試験、およびスパイクに抗する突刺し試験は、2000年9月付け「個人防弾チョッキの耐弾道性」という表題のNIJ標準0101.04に記載されているような弾道試験プロトコールレベルIIAおよび2000年9月付け「個人防弾チョッキの耐突刺し性」という表題のNIJ標準0115.00に記載されているようなスパイクに抗する突刺しレベル1に準拠する。試験の結果を下の表2に示す。
本発明の好適な実施の態様は次のとおりである。
1. 層のそれぞれが織布でできている、平方メートル当たり0.5〜6.0キログラムの面密度を有する複数の柔軟な層を含んでなり、
織布が0.75〜1.15の布ち密度因子を有し、かつ、糸でできており、
糸が500デシテックス以下の線密度、デシテックス当たり3〜20グラムの強度、およびグラム当たり8〜30ジュール未満の破断エネルギーを有し、ステープルファイバーをさらに含んでなり、
ステープルファイバーが繊維当たり0.2〜7.0デシテックスの線密度を有する
耐貫通性生命保護物品。
2. ステープルファイバーが(a)実質的に一様な長さ、(b)可変長さ、または(c)サブセット中のステープルファイバーが一緒に混合されて実質的に一様な分布を形成した状態で、実質的に一様な長さを有するステープルファイバーと、異なる長さを有する他のサブセット中のステープルファイバーとのサブセットを有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
3. 糸が撚られている、もしくはステープルファイバーが混ぜ合わされている、または両方である上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
4. 糸が5撚り係数以下の撚りレベルを有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
5. 糸が一緒に諸撚りされたおよび撚られた複数の糸よりなる上記4に記載の耐貫通性物品。
6. 糸がグラム当たり10〜25ジュールの破断エネルギーを有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
7. 糸がデシテックス当たり5〜16グラムの強度を有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
8. ステープルファイバーがセンチメートル当たり8捲縮以下の捲縮頻度を有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
9. ステープルファイバーがポリアミド繊維、ポリオレフィン繊維、ポリベンゾオキサゾール繊維、ポリベンゾチアゾール繊維、ポリ{2,6−ジイミダゾ[4,5−b4',5'−e]ピリジニレン−1,4(2,5−ジヒドロキシ)フェニレン}繊維、およびそれらの混合物よりなる群から選択される上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
10. ステープルファイバーがアラミド繊維を含んでなる上記9に記載の耐貫通性物品。
11. ステープルファイバーがポリ(パラフェニレンテレフタルアミド)を含んでなる上記10に記載の耐貫通性物品。
12. ステープルファイバーが繊維当たり0.4〜5.0デシテックスの線密度を有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
13. 層が組み合わせて平方メートル当たり1.0〜5.0キログラムの面密度を有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
14. NIJ標準−0115.00に記載されているようなスパイクに抗する少なくともレベル1性能要件を満たす上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
15. 弾道発射体に抵抗する第2の複数の層をさらに含んでなる上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
16. NIJ標準−0101.04に記載されているような少なくともタイプIIA弾道性能要件を満たす上記15に記載の耐貫通性物品。
17. 織布が0.85〜1.1の布ち密度因子を有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
18. 布が連続マルチフィラメント糸をさらに含んでなる上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
19. 連続マルチフィラメントを含む糸でできた織布の少なくとも1層をさらに含んでなり、かかる布が少なくとも0.75の布ち密度因子を有し、かつ、かかる糸が500デシテックス未満の線密度を有する上記1に記載の耐貫通性物品。
Claims (1)
- 層のそれぞれが織布でできている、平方メートル当たり0.5〜6.0キログラムの面密度を有する複数の柔軟な層を含んでなり、
織布が0.75〜1.15の布ち密度因子を有し、かつ、織布に含浸されるマトリックス樹脂なしに、諸撚糸でできており、諸撚糸は、複数の諸撚りされた、一緒に撚られた糸を含み、諸撚糸の撚りは、諸撚糸中の複数の糸における撚りの反対方向にあり、
糸が500デシテックス以下の線密度、デシテックス当たり3〜16グラムの強度、およびグラム当たり8〜30ジュール未満の破断エネルギーを有し、ステープルファイバーをさらに含んでなり、
ステープルファイバーが繊維当たり0.2〜7.0デシテックスの線密度を有する
耐貫通性生命保護物品。
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AU2005335708A1 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2007-03-01 | Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. | Ballistic panel and method of making the same |
US7622404B2 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2009-11-24 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Increased ballistic performance of fabrics coated with polymer stripes |
US20100143683A1 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2010-06-10 | Chiou Minshon J | Fiber Network Layers and Flexible Penetration Resistant Articles Comprising Same |
KR20080037071A (ko) | 2005-08-10 | 2008-04-29 | 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 | 가요성 내관통성 물품 |
US7669552B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2010-03-02 | Margherita Arvanites | Fluid-filled durable pet bed |
US20090090023A1 (en) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-09 | Kyle Daniel Rackiewicz | Snakebite protective footwear |
TWI487820B (zh) * | 2008-05-26 | 2015-06-11 | Teijin Aramid Gmbh | 阻礙穿刺之物品 |
TWI487821B (zh) * | 2008-05-26 | 2015-06-11 | Teijin Aramid Gmbh | 反彈道物品 |
US7958812B2 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2011-06-14 | Milliken & Company | Flexible spike and ballistic resistant panel |
KR101175015B1 (ko) | 2009-04-17 | 2012-08-17 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | 방탄용 직물 및 그를 이용한 방탄 제품 |
IT1394551B1 (it) * | 2009-06-08 | 2012-07-05 | Flii Citterio Spa | Procedimento ed apparato di produzione in continuo di una struttura tessile resistente alla perforazione ed alla penetrazione e struttura tessile cosi' ottenuta |
US9706804B1 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2017-07-18 | Milliken & Company | Flame resistant fabric having intermingled flame resistant yarns |
ITFI20120261A1 (it) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-05-29 | Manifattura Pri Ma Tex S R L | Tessuto per abbigliamento protettivo. |
ITFI20120287A1 (it) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-21 | Manifattura Pri Ma Tex S R L | Articolo tessile tristrato a perforazione zero ad alta traspirabilita'. |
EP2935670A1 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-10-28 | Southern Mills, Inc. | Fabrics with ballistic protection and garments made from same |
WO2014193516A2 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-12-04 | Warwick Mills, Inc. | Protective mid-cover textiles |
WO2016081037A2 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-05-26 | Warwick Mills Inc. | Multi-layer, multi-element body armor panel with improved compressibility |
GB2558133B (en) | 2015-10-22 | 2020-11-04 | Warwick Mills Inc | Multi-layer slash protective body armor |
KR102128105B1 (ko) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-06-29 | 삼성교역(주) | 다양한 색상과 우수한 강도를 가지는 이중직 구조의 방호원단 |
RU198813U1 (ru) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-29 | Сергей Викторович Щербина | Гибкая броня |
CN113388949A (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-14 | 深圳市汉唐世家服饰有限公司 | 防止划刺的穿透抑制型防刺布及其工艺 |
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WO1997025464A1 (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 1997-07-17 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Cut resistant yarn and fabric |
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US5622771A (en) * | 1996-06-24 | 1997-04-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Penetration-resistant aramid article |
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-
2003
- 2003-07-23 US US10/625,586 patent/US7241709B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-26 DE DE2003614264 patent/DE60314264T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-08-26 MX MXPA05002035A patent/MXPA05002035A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-08-26 AU AU2003260097A patent/AU2003260097A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-26 CN CN038206072A patent/CN1678779B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-26 KR KR1020057003205A patent/KR101008754B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-26 JP JP2004531232A patent/JP4511932B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-26 RU RU2005108589A patent/RU2336374C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-26 BR BR0313767A patent/BR0313767B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-26 EP EP03793420A patent/EP1540057B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1540057A1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
BR0313767A (pt) | 2005-06-21 |
EP1540057B1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
WO2004018754A1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
BR0313767B1 (pt) | 2013-08-13 |
CA2496529A1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
CA2496529C (en) | 2011-04-12 |
CN1678779A (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
AU2003260097A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
RU2005108589A (ru) | 2005-08-10 |
DE60314264T2 (de) | 2008-01-31 |
KR20050059089A (ko) | 2005-06-17 |
CN1678779B (zh) | 2013-06-19 |
JP2005537398A (ja) | 2005-12-08 |
US20070105468A1 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
KR101008754B1 (ko) | 2011-01-14 |
DE60314264D1 (de) | 2007-07-19 |
MXPA05002035A (es) | 2005-06-03 |
US7241709B2 (en) | 2007-07-10 |
RU2336374C2 (ru) | 2008-10-20 |
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