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JP4497648B2 - Composite elastic yarn and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Composite elastic yarn and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4497648B2
JP4497648B2 JP2000119456A JP2000119456A JP4497648B2 JP 4497648 B2 JP4497648 B2 JP 4497648B2 JP 2000119456 A JP2000119456 A JP 2000119456A JP 2000119456 A JP2000119456 A JP 2000119456A JP 4497648 B2 JP4497648 B2 JP 4497648B2
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yarn
elastic yarn
composite elastic
filament
composite
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JP2001303375A (en
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保 早崎
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Asahi Kasei Corp
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Asahi Kasei Fibers Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、複合弾性糸に関し、さらに詳しくは伸縮性能があり被覆性が高く、且つ、嵩高性が良好なスパン調の風合いと外観を有する複合弾性糸、及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ギラツキやメタリック光沢の少ないスパン調風合いと外観、嵩高さを持った複合弾性糸を得るには、スパンライク加工糸の使用が重要であり、弾性糸にスパンライク加工糸をカバリングすることが一般的に行われている。
従来、伸縮性を有するスパンライク加工糸を製造する方法として、例えば、特開昭60−2736号公報に、予め延伸した弾性糸と非弾性フィラメントから成る捲縮糸とを同時に流体処理ノズルにて交絡複合する方法が開示されている。
【0003】
また、特開平6−316826号公報には、延伸状態の弾性糸を芯糸とし、その周りに、イオン性染料に不染性のエステル捲縮糸を中間層にして、その外層にイオン性染料に可染性のエステル捲縮糸を配して交互撚糸状に巻き付け、弾性糸と中間層との間、および中間層と外層との間には各フィラメントが互いに攪乱気流により、交絡度60〜120ケ/mの交絡を付与後、延伸同時仮撚する方法が開示されている。
【0004】
しかし、これらの方法はいずれも、弾性糸を芯糸に用いるため伸縮性は得られるものの、単に弾性糸と捲縮糸とを攪乱気流交絡(所謂インターレース加工)するか、攪乱気流交絡後、仮撚加工する方法であって、長繊維と比較すると嵩高性は優れるものの、スパン糸との比較においては著しく嵩高性が劣り、外観風合いの面でも満足する伸長性スパンライク加工糸は得られていない。
【0005】
更に、製造工程においては、弾性糸にのみ応力が集中して糸ズレや目ムキ(弾性糸の切断、伸長斑による被覆糸のズレにより弾性糸が露出する現象)を生じ、布帛とした場合、商品の外観を損ねる等の欠点を有していた。このように弾性糸を芯糸とし非弾性糸を鞘糸とする複合糸で、充分な嵩高性を有する布帛は得られていないのが現状である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、伸縮性があって、糸ズレや目ムキ現象のない被覆性が高い、且つ嵩高性の豊かなスパン調の風合いと外観を有する複合弾性糸、及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、前記課題を解決するため、弾性糸と非弾性糸とを複合する方法を鋭意検討した結果、少なくとも1種の弾性糸と少なくとも1種の非弾性フィラメントを交絡させ、複合弾性糸の表面に特定の微細ループ毛羽をもたせる事が有効であることを見出し、本発明をなすに至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は下記の通りである。
(1)少なくとも1種の弾性糸(A)が芯部を、少なくとも1種の非弾性マルチフィラメントが鞘部を形成してなる複合弾性糸であって、非弾性マルチフィラメントにおいては、内層フィラメント(B)と外層フィラメント(C)が互いに交絡し、その糸長差が1.05≦C/B≦1.50であり、該複合弾性糸において(B)と(C)が実質的に均一な鞘部を形成し、複合弾性糸の表層に微細ループ毛羽を有することを特徴とする複合弾性糸。
【0009】
(2)湿熱90℃で20分処理後の伸長率が100%以上であることを特徴とする上記1記載の複合弾性糸。
(3)繊維軸方向に0.01g/dtexの荷重を加えた時、複合弾性糸表面から最も離れて突出しているループ毛羽の高さが1.2mm以内であるような微細ループ毛羽の数が1,200個/m以上であることを特徴とする上記1または2記載の複合弾性糸。
【0010】
(4)一対の給糸ローラーと一対の伸長ローラー間で伸長した弾性糸(A)と、鞘部を構成する内層フィラメント(B)及び外層フィラメント(C)を空気噴射ノズルに導くに際し、弾性糸と内層フィラメント(B)を沿わせて伸長ローラーに供給し、別途、外層フィラメント(C)を給糸することにより、(A)、(B)、(C)を共に空気ノズルに給糸してループ交絡させた後、巻き取ることを特徴とする複合弾性糸の製造方法。
【0011】
以下、本発明につき詳述する。
本発明において使用される弾性糸としては、ポリウレタン系、ポリエステル系、ポリエーテルエステル系、ゴム系等の弾性糸であり、例えば、ポリマーの融点が160〜240℃であるような通常のポリウレタン系弾性糸であって、乾式紡糸又は溶融紡糸したものが使用でき、ポリマーや紡糸方法には特に限定されない。
【0012】
使用される弾性糸の繊度は10〜140dtexが好ましく、破断伸度は200%〜900%のものが好ましい。なかでも、伸縮性に優れ、染色加工時のプレセット工程の通常の処理温度180℃近辺で伸縮性を損なわないポリウレタン系繊維が、得られる複合弾性糸の伸縮性能(伸長率、弾性回復率)の面からみて特に好ましい。
【0013】
本発明に使用する非弾性フィラメントは公知の長繊維が使用可能であり、例えば、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、カチオン可染ポリエステル、ポリプロピレン、ポリアクリロニトリル、アセテート、レーヨン、キュプラ等の長繊維の少なくとも1種以上を用いることが出来る。
本発明に使用する非弾性フィラメントは、フィラメントの繊度(単糸繊度)が0.1〜6dtexが好ましい。鞘部の内層フィラメント(B)には比較的大きい繊度の長繊維を使用し、外層フィラメント(C)には比較的小さい繊度の長繊維を使用することが好ましく、このような繊度差を設けることにより、複合弾性糸の表面に微細なループ毛羽を数多く形成でき、通常の長繊維に見られるギラツキやメタリック光沢を抑制できる。
【0014】
内層フィラメント(B)の繊度は2〜6dtexが好ましく、外層フィラメント(C)の繊度は0.1〜3dtexが好ましい。また、これら非弾性フィラメントとして用いる繊維(フィラメントの集合体であるいわゆるヤーン)の繊度は10〜330dtexが好ましい。
非弾性フィラメントの断面形状は、丸、三角、多角、中空、自発捲縮型複合断面などの他、分割タイプの複合繊維でもよい。なお、自発捲縮型複合断面繊維とは、収縮性の異なる2成分を含み、接合した後、加熱や膨潤させるとコイル状の立体捲縮を生じるものを云い、その複合形態は並列型および偏芯鞘芯型を基本とする。
【0015】
また、酸化チタン等の艶消し剤を含有するセミダル糸、フルダル糸、また、収縮率差や糸長方向に繊度斑を有するシックアンドシン糸、およびこれらの捲縮加工糸(仮撚加工糸、ニット・デニット、摩擦加工糸など)やインターレース混繊糸を適宜複合すると、更に特徴のある複合弾性糸となる。
本発明の複合弾性糸において、弾性糸(A)の混率は3〜50wt%、好ましくは5〜40wt%である。3wt%未満では複合弾性糸の伸長回復率が十分ではなく、50wt%を越えると被覆性が不足する傾向がある。
【0016】
内層フィラメント(B)と外層フィラメント(C)の混率(wt比)は、B/C=1/4〜4/1が好ましい。(B)が少なすぎると、内層フィラメント(B)と外層フィラメント(C)間の交絡頻度が低下し、外層フィラメント(C)のみのループ毛羽となり、ループ毛羽の大きさ、ループ数が不均一になったりすることがあり、また、(B)が多すぎると、外層フィラメント(C)の被覆が不十分となることがある。
【0017】
以下、本発明を添付図面に従って説明する。
図1は、本発明の複合弾性糸を製造する工程の一例を示す概略図である。
まず、弾性糸(A)を、第1ローラー1と第2ローラー2の間で2〜5倍、好ましくは2.5〜4.2倍、に延伸する。その第2ローラーに、鞘部の内層を形成する非弾性マルチフィラメント(B)を弾性糸に沿わせて供給し一体化を図る。
【0018】
一方、第2ローラーより高速の第3ローラー3から鞘部の外層を形成する非弾性マルチフィラメント(C)を供給し、第2ローラーと第4ローラー5の間に設けた空気噴射ノズル4で交絡を付与する。この時の空気圧力は2×105 〜1×106 Paが好ましい。第2ローラーと第4ローラー間のフイード率は0〜10%が好ましく、又、第3ローラーと第4ローラー間のフィード率は5〜50%が好ましい。
【0019】
本発明においては、鞘部の内層フィラメント(B)よりも鞘部の外層フィラメント(C)の糸長差を大きくして供給し、空気噴射により交絡させることにより、内層フィラメント(B)と外層フィラメント(C)が互いによく交絡し、且つ、実質的に均一な鞘部を形成し、複合弾性糸の表層に微細ループ毛羽を発生させることが出来る。実質的にとは、複合弾性糸を肉眼で観察すると、鞘部を構成するフィラメントが見掛け上均一に混合している状態をさす。但し、微細ループ毛羽を構成するのは主として外層フィラメント(C)である。
【0020】
鞘部の内層フィラメント(B)と外層フィラメント(C)の間の糸長差は1.05≦C/B≦1.50であり、好ましくは1.05≦C/B≦1.30である。糸長差がこの範囲であると、内層フィラメント(B)と外層フィラメント(C)が互いによく交絡し、実質的に均一な鞘部を形成して加工糸表層に微細ループ毛羽が形成できる。糸長差が1.05未満であると、交絡が不充分で、単に引き揃え合糸状態になるのみで、光沢感の強い被覆性の乏しい複合弾性糸になり、好ましくない。一方、糸長差が1.50を越えると、外層フィラメント(C)の大きいループが形成され易く、その結果、チーズからの解舒性が悪く、布帛としたとき、粗野な風合いと外観になるので好ましくない。
【0021】
空気噴射交絡において用いる空気噴射ノズルの型は、通常のヘマジェットノズル(例えば、ヘマライン社製、タイプ311K)が好ましく、別の流体交絡ノズルであるインターノズルでは十分な嵩高性が得られない傾向がある。
また、非弾性マルチフィラメントの種類や原糸油剤の種類によっても微細ループの形成状態が変化するので、空気噴射ノズルの手前で水を添加する等により更に安定した交絡を付与することが可能となる。
【0022】
次いで、複合弾性糸は、巻取り機6によりチーズ7として巻き取られる。
なお、複合弾性糸に要求される伸縮性能によって、弾性糸の延伸倍率(第1ローラーと第2ローラーとの速度差)を適宜決めれば良いが、低い延伸倍率の場合は低伸長率、低伸長回復率になり易く、また、高い延伸倍率の場合は高伸長率、高伸長回復率が得られるが、延伸糸切れを生じる場合がある。延伸倍率を2〜5倍、好ましくは2.5〜4.2倍にすることにより、本発明における好ましい複合弾性糸、即ち、湿熱90℃で20分処理後の伸長率が100%以上の複合弾性糸が得られる。この延伸率が高いほど、染色加工処理等を行った後の織物としてのストレッチ特性(伸長率、弾性回復率)が優れたものとなる。
【0023】
また、本発明では、弾性糸(A)と鞘部の内層フィラメント(B)が一体化して供給されるため、空気噴射交絡時の応力が弾性糸(A)に集中することなく鞘部の内層フィラメント(B)に分散できるために、断糸や伸長斑が著しく抑制され、且つ弾性糸(A)の芯入れ状態が向上し、糸ズレや目ムキ現象の無い優れた複合弾性糸が得られる。
【0024】
本発明の複合弾性糸は、繊維軸方向に0.01g/dtexの荷重を加えたときの複合弾性糸表面から最も離れて突出しているループ毛羽の高さが1.2mm以内の範囲であるような微細ループ毛羽の数が1200個/m以上であることが好ましい。これにより、被覆性の高い、且つ、嵩高性豊かなスパン調の風合いと外観を有する複合弾性糸が得られる。
【0025】
微細ループ毛羽とは、上記1.2mm以内の測定値の毛羽を意味し、この微細ループ毛羽の数が多いほど嵩高性が良好な複合弾性糸と言える。しかし、大きなループ毛羽が多いと、チーズやコーンからの解舒性が劣るのみならず、工程通過性を損ねる恐れがあり、また、織編物の風合いが低下し、布と布の貼り付き(ファスナー現象)が生じ商品価値を損ね易い傾向がある。
【0026】
本発明の複合弾性糸を織編物に使用する場合、通常の使用方法で充分に効果を発揮することが出来るが、織物の場合には、更に50回/m以上の追撚を施すと、毛羽伏せ効果があり工程通過性が向上する効果があり好ましい。
以下、織物の例について説明する。
本発明の複合弾性糸は、経糸および緯糸の両方又は片方に使用することが出来、また、他の糸、例えば一般的な合成繊維、人造繊維、再生繊維、天然繊維、あるいはこれらの加工糸などの1種又は2種以上と交織しても良い。
【0027】
織物組織は、平、綾、朱子及びこれからの変化組織があるが、朱子や綾組織が好ましい。生機密度は、カバーファクターが、経800〜1,700、緯550〜1,000の範囲が好ましい。仕上げ密度は、カバーファクターが、経900〜2,300、緯630〜1,400の範囲が好ましい。なお、カバーファクターとは、(使用繊維の繊度)1/2×(本数/2.54cm)で表される数値である。
【0028】
染色仕上げ工程としては、複合弾性糸使いのため、製織後にリラックスさせるに際し、拡布状にして低温(例えば40℃等)から順次昇温(例えば70℃、95℃等)し、弾性糸を緩やかに収縮させて皺発生を抑制することが極めて重要である。その後、精練して風合い出しの本格リラックスを施して、所定の伸縮性と嵩高性、スパン調風合い、外観を発現させる。次に、織物の幅や緯密度を整えるヒートセットを行った後に、5〜30%程度のアルカリ減量加工(分割処理を兼ねてもよい)を行って更にソフトな風合いにすることが好ましい。
【0029】
最終工程として染色仕上げを行う。さらに、場合によっては、例えば、エメリーペーパー、ブラシ、針布により、いわゆるピーチスキンの様な起毛を付与してもよく、その他、エンボス、プリント等の各種の仕上げ加工や、柔軟剤、撥水剤、制電剤等の仕上げ処理剤を用いる事も可能である。
【0030】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに説明する。
なお、測定法、評価法等は下記の通りである。
(1)複合弾性糸の伸長率、伸長回復率
JIS−L−1090 A法に準じた。
【0031】
予め試料を熱水中で20分間90℃の熱水中で加熱する。次いで、初荷重0.002g/dtexをかけ、試料長20cm間のマーク(a)を入れる。
次に、0.1g/dtexの荷重をかけて、30秒後にマーク間の長さ(b)を読みとる。
次いで、除重して2分間放置する。再び初荷重をかけ30秒後にマーク間の長さ(c)を読みとる。
【0032】
これを20回繰り返し、その平均値で表す。
伸長率(%)=〔(b−a)/a〕×100
伸長回復率(%)=〔(b−c)/(b−a)〕×100
(2)織物の伸長率、弾性回復率
JIS−L−1098に準じた。
【0033】
5cm×30cmの大きさの試料に初荷重20gをかけ、20cm間のマークを入れる(L0 とする)。次に、荷重1.5kgをかけ、1時間後のマーク間の長さを読みとる(L1 とする)。
次いで荷重を除き、1時間後のマーク間の長さを読みとる(L2 とする)。 n数=3(すなわち、3枚)の平均値で表す。
【0034】
伸長率(%)=〔(L1 ―L0 )/L0 〕×100
弾性回復率(%)=〔(L1 ―L2 )/(L1 ―L0 )〕×100
(3)糸長差
長さ2.54cmの試料を採取し、芯部の弾性糸(A)、鞘部の内層フィラメント(B)、外層フィラメント(C)に分離して、(B)と(C)の長さを測定し、(B)に対する(C)の比で表す。
【0035】
糸長差=(Cの長さ)/(Bの長さ)
(4)ループ毛羽の長さと数
東レ毛羽計数装置(L−DT104−2型)を用いて測定する。
測定条件は、糸速9m/分で、張力0.01g/dtex下で10秒間連続測定し、ループ毛羽の大きさと個数を計測して、1メートル間の換算値として表示した数値をもってループ毛羽数とした。
【0036】
(5)複合弾性糸チーズの解舒性
複合弾性糸を巻いたチーズから糸速400m/分でオーバーエンド解舒するときの百万メートル当たりの糸切れ回数で評価した。
評価は3ランクにランク付けし、糸切れ回数が5回までを○、6〜10回を△、11回以上を×として判定した。
【0037】
(6)複合弾性糸の目ムキ現象、及び織物の目ムキ現象
複合弾性糸の場合は一口編み機にて筒編み後、織物の場合は製織後の生地を精練した後、以下に記す方法で染色を行って、ポリウレタンを染めないか、あるいは良く脱色した状態にしてポリウレタンの露出の程度を観察して評価した。
染色方法としては、 鞘糸の素材により染料を選択するようにし、例えば、レーヨン等のセルロース糸繊維には直接染料にて染色してポリウレタンに染まらない染法で染色する。また、ポリエステルやナイロン繊維は分散染料で染色し、強化還元洗浄してポリウレタンから染料を十分に脱色する。こうして得られた試料の外観をよく観察し、ポリウレタンの露出程度によって3ランクにランク付けした。
【0038】
評価は、ポリウレタンが見えないを○、見えるを△、良く見えるを×と判定した。
(7)複合弾性糸の嵩高性、及び織物の嵩高性
複合弾性糸の場合はフィラメントと紡績糸の一口編み地、織物の場合は平織物の精練生地を標準パネルにして、試作精練生地が、標準パネルの膨らみ感、軽量感の総合力がどの位置に相当するかを判定して評価した。
【0039】
判定は、紡績糸織物に近似を○、紡績糸とフィラメント織物の中間を△、フィラメント織物に近似を×と評価した。
(8)複合弾性糸の光沢、及び織物の光沢
前記(7)の嵩高性同様、フィラメントと紡績糸の一口編み地、又は平織物の精練生地を標準パネルにして、試作精練生地が、標準パネルの光沢と比較し、どの位置に相当するかを判定して評価した。
【0040】
判定は、紡績糸織物に近似を○、紡績糸とフィラメント織物の中間を△、フィラメント織物に近似を×と評価した。
〔実施例1〕
切断伸度740%のポリウレタン77dtex弾性糸(A)を第1ローラー(糸速78.7m/分)と第2ローラー(糸速315m/分)間で4倍延伸し、鞘部の内層を構成するポリエステルW断面糸167dtex/60f(B)を、第2ローラーから弾性糸(A)に沿わせて供給し、一体化させる。一方、第2ローラーより高速の第3ローラー(糸速375m/分)から鞘部の外層を構成するポリエステルW断面糸167dtex/60fを供給する。
【0041】
芯部の弾性糸(A)、鞘部の内層(B)、外層(C)を第2ローラーと第4ローラーの間に設けた空気噴射ノズル4(ヘマライン社製のタイプ311K)に導き、エアー圧5.9×105 Paをかけ空気噴射交絡してループ毛羽を形成させて、空気噴射ノズル4から噴出させる。これを第4ローラー(糸速300m/分)で引き出し、巻き取り機よりチーズ7として巻き取った。
【0042】
得られた複合弾性糸に600t/mの追撚を施して、表1に示す如く、伸長率162%、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が13,077個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が0個/mの複合弾性糸を得た。
該複合弾性糸は、目ムキ現象がなく被覆性がよく、解舒性、工程通過性が良好であった。
【0043】
該複合弾性糸を、経糸45本/2.54cm、緯糸42本/2.54cmの密度で平織物を製織後、通常の方法に従い、精練、プレセット、染色、仕上げセットを行った。得られた織物は、弾性糸の目ムキ現象が全く見られず、経:伸長率28%、弾性回復率85%、緯:伸長率23%、弾性回復率87%であり、長繊維でありながら嵩高性に富みソフト風合いのストレッチ織物が得られ、長繊維特有のギラツキ感やメタリック光沢を感じさせないスパン調織物を得ることができた。
【0044】
〔実施例2〕
切断伸度630%のポリウレタン11dtex弾性糸を用い、3.3倍延伸し、鞘部の内層にナイロン66の11dtex/7fを、外層にナイロン66の55dtex/96fを用い、表1に示す如く糸長差を抑えた条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が141%、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が7,653個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が0.4個/mであった。
【0045】
該複合弾性糸を、経糸143本/2.54cm、緯糸113本/2.54cmの密度で2/1綾組織織物を製織後、実施例1と同様の工程で染色加工を行った。得られた織物は、経:伸長率35%、弾性回復率88%、緯:伸長率28%、弾性回復率86%と良好であり、光沢がやや有った以外は、被覆性が良く、嵩高で、ナイロン独特のソフトな風合いとスパン調外観を呈した織物であった。
【0046】
〔実施例3〕
切断伸度600%のポリウレタン44dtex弾性糸を用い、2倍延伸し、鞘部の内層にエステルの55dtex/24fを、外層にエステルの167dtex/96fを用い、表2に示す様に糸長差の大きくなる条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が120%、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が24,946個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が0.3個/mで、多くのループ毛羽が発生してチーズの解舒性に若干不安があるものの、目ムキ現象がなく、嵩高性、光沢においては紡績糸と同等の外観であった。
【0047】
該複合弾性糸を、経糸50本/2.54cm、緯糸44本/2.54cmの密度で平織物を製織後、実施例1と同様の工程で染色加工を行った。得られた織物は、経:伸長率45%、弾性回復率85%、緯:伸長率17%、弾性回復率83%であり、多くのループ毛羽によって被覆性が良く、嵩高性豊かで軽量感に富み、風合いと外観が紡績糸織物と同等の織物であった。
【0048】
〔実施例4〕
切断伸度740%のポリウレタン77dtex弾性糸を用い、3倍延伸し、鞘部の内層にエステルの55dtex/24fを、外層にエステルW断面糸の333dtex/120fを用い、表2に示す如く鞘部の比率(B):(C)を1:6に高めた条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
【0049】
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が162%、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が19,850個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が0個/mでチーズの解舒性良好、目ムキ現象がなく、嵩高性、光沢において紡績糸と同等の外観を呈していた。該複合弾性糸を、経糸38本/2.54cm、緯糸34本/2.54cmの密度で平織物を製織後、実施例1の工程のプレセット後に20wt%の減量加工を施し染色加工を行った。得られた織物は、経:伸長率48%、弾性回復率86%、緯:伸長率28%、弾性回復率87%であり、被覆性が良く、減量加工によって嵩高性豊かで軽量感に富み、且つドレープ性とソフト風合いが強調されたスパン調織物であった。
【0050】
〔実施例5〕
切断伸度817%のポリウレタン155dtex弾性糸を用い、3倍延伸し、鞘部の内層に実施例4と同様にエステルの55dtex/24fを、外層にエステルW断面糸の333dtex/120fを用い、表3に示す如くポリウレタン弾性糸の混率を10.4wt%に高めた条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
【0051】
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が160%、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が12,688個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が0個/mでチーズの解舒性良好で、目ムキ現象がなく、嵩高性、光沢において紡績糸と同等の外観であった。
該複合弾性糸を、経糸40本/2.54cm、緯糸35本/2.54cmの密度で平織物を製織後、実施例1と同様の工程で染色加工を行った。得られた織物は、経:伸長率48%、弾性回復率90%、緯:伸長率33%、弾性回復率92%であり、ポリウレタン弾性糸の混率が高いため伸長率、弾性回復率が優れ、被覆性、W断面糸使いによって一段と嵩高性に富み、且つ風合い、外観が紡績糸織物に近似した織物を得ることができた。
【0052】
〔実施例6〕
切断伸度600%のポリウレタン44dtex弾性糸を用い、4.5倍延伸し、鞘部の内層にエステルの167dtex/48fを、外層にエステルの55dtex/24fを用い、表3に示す様にポリウレタン弾性糸の延伸倍率を高め、且つ、糸長差の大きくなる条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
【0053】
得られた複合弾性糸は、延伸倍率が高いために伸長率が233%と高く、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が8,350個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が0.8個/mで、糸長差が大きい為にループ毛羽の発生斑になってチーズの解舒性が悪く、目ムキ現象が見られ被覆性が劣る。また嵩高性は有るが粗野な外観を呈していた。
【0054】
経糸にポリエステル仮撚加工糸167dtex/48f、追撚800t/mを97本/2.54cm、緯糸に該複合弾性糸を55本/2.54cmの密度で平織物を製織後、実施例1と同様の工程で染色加工を行った。得られた織物は、緯:伸長率28%、弾性回復率88%であり、目ムキ現象が見られる。また、嵩高性であるがループ毛羽斑によって粗野な風合いと、外観を呈した織物になった。
【0055】
〔実施例7〕
切断伸度600%のポリウレタン44dtex弾性糸を用い、3.5倍延伸し、鞘部の内層にエステルの55dtex/24fを、外層にフィラメント繊度の小さいエステル83dtex/72fを用い、表4に示す条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が218%、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が13,360個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が0個/mでチーズの解舒性、工程通過性が良好であった。目ムキ現象がなく、嵩高性、光沢において紡績糸と同等の外観を呈していた。
【0056】
該複合弾性糸を実施例6と同一の経糸を使って、緯糸に該複合弾性糸を70本/2.54cmの密度で平織物を製織後、実施例6と同様の工程で染色加工を行った。得られた織物は、緯:伸長率33%、弾性回復率87%であり、被覆性が良く、嵩高性豊かで軽量感に富み、且つソフトな肌合いとスパン調外観を呈した織物であった。
【0057】
〔実施例8〕
切断伸度600%のポリウレタン44dtex弾性糸を用い、3倍延伸し、鞘部の内層にエステルの83dtex/36fを、外層に親水性フィラメントのレーヨン83dtex/33fを用い、表4に示す条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が195%、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が15,346個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が1.0個/mでチーズの解舒性、工程通過性が良好であった。目ムキ現象がなく、嵩高性において紡績糸と同等の外観を呈していた。
【0058】
経糸に実施例6,7と同一糸を使って、緯糸に上記で得られた複合弾性糸を62本/2.54cmの密度で平織物を製織後、実施例6,7と同様の工程で加工した。得られた織物の物性は、緯:伸長率22%、弾性回復率70%であった。この織物は、被覆性、嵩高性に優れ、親水性フィラメントで表面が覆われているためソフトな風合いと肌合い、且つ、レーヨン独特の光沢と反発性を有した、スパン調織物を得ることができた。
【0059】
〔比較例1〕
実施例3と同じ弾性糸を用い、鞘部の内層にポリエステルの83dtex/36fを、外層にポリエステル83dtex/36fを用い、表5に示す空気噴射交絡条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が225%、1.2mm以下のループ毛羽が530個/m、1.2mmを超えるループ毛羽が0個/mであった。
【0060】
実施例6,7,8、と同様、経糸にポリエステル仮撚加工糸165dtex/72fを97本/2.54cm、緯糸に上記で得られた複合弾性糸を65本/2.54cmの密度で平組織織物を製織後、実施例6,7、と同様の工程で加工した。得られた織物の物性は、緯:伸長率27%、弾性回復率87%であった。この織物は、目ムキが発生し、嵩高性も不十分であり、長繊維特有のメタリック光沢があり、スパン調織物と云うには程遠い出来映えであった。
【0061】
〔比較例2〕
実施例3と同じ弾性糸を用い、鞘部の内層にポリエステル55dtex/24fを、外層にポリエステル167dtex/96fを用い、表5に示す糸長差の大きくなる条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
インターノズル(MK−13型)部位において鞘部の外層が弛み、ノズル外れやノズル詰まりが発生して加工不可であった。
【0062】
〔比較例3〕
実施例3と同じ弾性糸を用い、鞘部の内層にポリエステル55dtex/24fを、外層にポリエステル83dtex/72fを用い、表6に示す如く、糸長差の小さい条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が217%、ループ毛羽が0個/m、であった。
【0063】
実施例6,7,8と同様の経糸を使って、緯糸に上記で得られた複合弾性糸を72本/2.54cmの密度で平組織織物を製織後、実施例6,7、と同様の工程で加工した。得られた織物の物性は、緯:伸長率33%、弾性回復率89%であった。この織物は、目ムキが発生し、嵩高性も不十分であり、長繊維特有のメタリック光沢があり、スパン調織物と云うよりフィラメント織物調の出来映えであった。
【0064】
〔比較例4〕
切断伸度740%のポリウレタン77dtex弾性糸を用い、鞘部の内、外層にポリエステルW断面糸167dtex/60fを用いて、表6に示す如く空気噴射交絡が可能な糸長差の小さい条件で複合弾性糸を製造した。
得られた複合弾性糸は、伸長率が235%と高く、ループ毛羽が0個/mで、目ムキ現象がなくチーズ解舒性、工程通過性がよいものの、嵩高性の不十分な複合弾性糸であった。
【0065】
経糸に実施例6,7,8、と同一糸を用い、緯糸に上記で得られた複合弾性糸を47本/2.54cmの密度で平組織織物を製織後、実施例6,7、と同様の工程で加工した。得られた織物の物性は、緯:伸長率35%、弾性回復率86%であった。この織物は、目ムキが発生し、嵩高性も不十分であり、長繊維特有のメタリック光沢があり、フィラメント織物調の出来映えで、スパン調織物と云うには程遠い出来映えであった。
【0066】
以上の実施例及び比較例につき、条件、結果等をまとめて表1〜6に示す。
【0067】
【表1】

Figure 0004497648
【0068】
【表2】
Figure 0004497648
【0069】
【表3】
Figure 0004497648
【0070】
【表4】
Figure 0004497648
【0071】
【表5】
Figure 0004497648
【0072】
【表6】
Figure 0004497648
【0073】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、無撚糸状態においても目ムキを防止し、被覆性を著しく高めて、嵩高性豊かなスパン調風合いと外観を有し、且つ解舒性、工程通過性の改良された複合弾性糸を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の複合弾性糸を製造する工程の一例を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1…第1ローラー
2…第2ローラー
3…第3ローラー
4…空気噴射加工ノズル
5…第4ローラー
6…巻き取り機
7…チーズ
8…ガイド棒
A…弾性糸
B…鞘部内層非弾性マルチフィラメント
C…鞘部外層非弾性マルチフィラメント[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composite elastic yarn, and more particularly, to a composite elastic yarn having a stretch-like texture and appearance that has stretchability, high coverage, and good bulkiness, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Use of spun-like processed yarn is important for obtaining a composite elastic yarn with a spanned texture, appearance and bulkiness with less glare and metallic luster, and it is common to cover spun-like processed yarn with elastic yarn Has been done.
Conventionally, as a method for producing a stretch-like spun-like processed yarn, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-2736, a pre-stretched elastic yarn and a crimped yarn made of an inelastic filament are simultaneously processed by a fluid treatment nozzle. A method of confounding compounding is disclosed.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-316826 discloses a stretched elastic yarn as a core yarn, an ionic dye-impaired ester crimped yarn as an intermediate layer, and an outer layer of an ionic dye. A dyeable ester-crimped yarn is arranged around the yarn and wound in an alternating twisted manner. Between the elastic yarn and the intermediate layer, and between the intermediate layer and the outer layer, the filaments are mutually turbulent and have an entanglement degree of 60- A method of simultaneous false twisting after applying 120 entanglements / m is disclosed.
[0004]
However, although all of these methods use elastic yarn as the core yarn and can be stretched, the elastic yarn and the crimped yarn are simply entangled with the turbulent air flow (so-called interlace processing), or after the turbulent air entanglement, This is a method of twisting, which is superior in bulkiness compared to long fibers, but is significantly inferior in bulkiness compared to spun yarns, and no stretchable spun-like processed yarns that are satisfactory in terms of appearance are not obtained. .
[0005]
Furthermore, in the manufacturing process, when stress is concentrated only on the elastic yarn, a yarn shift or unevenness (a phenomenon in which the elastic yarn is exposed due to the cut of the elastic yarn, the shift of the coated yarn due to stretch spots), and the fabric is formed. It had drawbacks such as deteriorating the appearance of the product. As described above, a fabric having sufficient bulkiness has not been obtained with a composite yarn having an elastic yarn as a core yarn and an inelastic yarn as a sheath yarn.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a composite elastic yarn having stretchability, high coverage without yarn misalignment and unevenness, and having a rich span-like texture and appearance, and a method for producing the same. Objective.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have intensively studied a method of combining an elastic yarn and an inelastic yarn. As a result, at least one elastic yarn and at least one inelastic filament are entangled to obtain a composite elastic yarn. It has been found that it is effective to have a specific fine loop fluff on the surface of the present invention, and the present invention has been made.
[0008]
That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) A composite elastic yarn in which at least one elastic yarn (A) forms a core portion and at least one inelastic multifilament forms a sheath portion. In the inelastic multifilament, an inner layer filament ( B) and outer layer filament (C) are entangled with each other, and the yarn length difference is 1.05 ≦ C / B ≦ 1.50, and (B) and (C) are substantially uniform in the composite elastic yarn. A composite elastic yarn comprising a sheath and having fine loop fluff on the surface layer of the composite elastic yarn.
[0009]
(2) The composite elastic yarn as described in (1) above, wherein the elongation after treatment at a wet heat of 90 ° C. for 20 minutes is 100% or more.
(3) When a load of 0.01 g / dtex is applied in the fiber axis direction, the number of fine loop fluffs such that the height of the loop fluff that protrudes farthest from the composite elastic yarn surface is within 1.2 mm is as follows. 3. The composite elastic yarn according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the number is 1,200 pieces / m or more.
[0010]
(4) When guiding the elastic yarn (A) extended between the pair of yarn feeding rollers and the pair of extension rollers, the inner layer filament (B) and the outer layer filament (C) constituting the sheath portion to the air jet nozzle, the elastic yarn And the inner layer filament (B) are supplied to the extension roller, and the outer layer filament (C) is separately fed to supply the air nozzle (A), (B), and (C) together to the air nozzle. A method for producing a composite elastic yarn, characterized by winding after loop entanglement.
[0011]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The elastic yarn used in the present invention is a polyurethane-based, polyester-based, polyether-ester-based, rubber-based elastic yarn, for example, a normal polyurethane-based elastic material having a polymer melting point of 160 to 240 ° C. A yarn that is dry-spun or melt-spun can be used, and the polymer and spinning method are not particularly limited.
[0012]
The fineness of the elastic yarn used is preferably 10 to 140 dtex, and the elongation at break is preferably 200% to 900%. Above all, polyurethane fiber that is excellent in stretchability and does not impair stretchability near the normal processing temperature of 180 ° C in the presetting process during dyeing processing is the stretchability (elongation rate, elastic recovery rate) of the resulting composite elastic yarn. From the viewpoint of the above, it is particularly preferable.
[0013]
As the inelastic filament used in the present invention, known long fibers can be used. For example, at least one kind of long fibers such as polyamide, polyester, cationic dyeable polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, acetate, rayon, and cupra is used. Can be used.
The inelastic filament used in the present invention preferably has a filament fineness (single yarn fineness) of 0.1 to 6 dtex. It is preferable to use long fibers with a relatively large fineness for the inner layer filament (B) of the sheath, and it is preferable to use long fibers with a relatively small fineness for the outer layer filament (C). As a result, a large number of fine loop fluffs can be formed on the surface of the composite elastic yarn, and glare and metallic gloss seen in ordinary long fibers can be suppressed.
[0014]
The fineness of the inner layer filament (B) is preferably 2 to 6 dtex, and the fineness of the outer layer filament (C) is preferably 0.1 to 3 dtex. Further, the fineness of the fibers used as these inelastic filaments (so-called yarns which are aggregates of filaments) is preferably 10 to 330 dtex.
The cross-sectional shape of the inelastic filament may be a split type composite fiber in addition to a round, triangular, polygonal, hollow, spontaneous crimped composite cross section, or the like. The self-crimped composite cross-section fiber refers to a fiber that contains two components having different shrinkage properties, and generates a coiled three-dimensional crimp when heated and swollen after being joined. The core-sheath core type is basically used.
[0015]
In addition, semi-dal yarn, full-dal yarn containing matting agent such as titanium oxide, thick and thin yarn having fineness variation in shrinkage difference and yarn length direction, and crimped yarn (false twisted yarn, When a knit / denit, friction processed yarn, etc.) or an interlaced mixed yarn is appropriately combined, a more characteristic composite elastic yarn is obtained.
In the composite elastic yarn of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the elastic yarn (A) is 3 to 50 wt%, preferably 5 to 40 wt%. If it is less than 3 wt%, the elongation recovery rate of the composite elastic yarn is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 50 wt%, the coverage tends to be insufficient.
[0016]
The mixing ratio (wt ratio) of the inner layer filament (B) and the outer layer filament (C) is preferably B / C = 1/4 to 4/1. If the amount of (B) is too small, the entanglement frequency between the inner layer filament (B) and the outer layer filament (C) decreases, resulting in a loop fluff of only the outer layer filament (C), and the size and number of loop fluffs are uneven. If the amount of (B) is too large, the coating of the outer layer filament (C) may be insufficient.
[0017]
The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a process for producing the composite elastic yarn of the present invention.
First, the elastic yarn (A) is stretched 2 to 5 times, preferably 2.5 to 4.2 times between the first roller 1 and the second roller 2. The inelastic multifilament (B) that forms the inner layer of the sheath is supplied to the second roller along the elastic yarn to achieve integration.
[0018]
On the other hand, an inelastic multifilament (C) that forms the outer layer of the sheath is supplied from the third roller 3 that is faster than the second roller, and entangled by the air injection nozzle 4 provided between the second roller and the fourth roller 5. Is granted. The air pressure at this time is 2 × 10 Five ~ 1x10 6 Pa is preferred. The feed rate between the second roller and the fourth roller is preferably 0 to 10%, and the feed rate between the third roller and the fourth roller is preferably 5 to 50%.
[0019]
In the present invention, the inner layer filament (B) and the outer layer filament are supplied by increasing the yarn length difference of the outer layer filament (C) of the sheath part from the inner layer filament (B) of the sheath part and entangled by air jet. (C) is entangled well with each other and forms a substantially uniform sheath portion, and fine loop fluff can be generated on the surface layer of the composite elastic yarn. The term “substantially” means that the composite elastic yarn is observed with the naked eye, and the filaments constituting the sheath are apparently uniformly mixed. However, the outer layer filament (C) mainly constitutes the fine loop fluff.
[0020]
The yarn length difference between the inner layer filament (B) and the outer layer filament (C) in the sheath is 1.05 ≦ C / B ≦ 1.50, preferably 1.05 ≦ C / B ≦ 1.30. . When the yarn length difference is within this range, the inner layer filament (B) and the outer layer filament (C) are entangled well with each other to form a substantially uniform sheath portion and fine loop fluff can be formed on the surface of the processed yarn. If the difference in yarn length is less than 1.05, the entanglement is insufficient, and it is merely undesirable to obtain a combined elastic yarn with a strong gloss and a poor covering property. On the other hand, when the yarn length difference exceeds 1.50, a loop with a large outer filament (C) is likely to be formed. As a result, the unwinding property from cheese is poor, and when it is made into a fabric, it has a rough texture and appearance. Therefore, it is not preferable.
[0021]
The type of the air injection nozzle used in the air injection entanglement is preferably a normal hema jet nozzle (for example, type 311K, manufactured by Hemaraline Co., Ltd.), and an inter nozzle that is another fluid entanglement nozzle tends not to have sufficient bulkiness. is there.
In addition, since the formation state of the fine loop changes depending on the type of inelastic multifilament and the type of raw yarn oil agent, it becomes possible to give more stable entanglement by adding water before the air injection nozzle. .
[0022]
Next, the composite elastic yarn is wound up as cheese 7 by the winder 6.
The elastic yarn draw ratio (speed difference between the first roller and the second roller) may be determined as appropriate depending on the stretch performance required for the composite elastic yarn. The recovery rate is likely to be high, and in the case of a high draw ratio, a high elongation rate and a high elongation recovery rate can be obtained, but the drawn yarn may be broken. By setting the draw ratio to 2 to 5 times, preferably 2.5 to 4.2 times, a preferable composite elastic yarn in the present invention, that is, a composite having an elongation rate of 100% or more after treatment at 90 ° C. for 20 minutes with wet heat. An elastic yarn is obtained. The higher the stretch rate, the better the stretch properties (elongation rate, elastic recovery rate) of the woven fabric after the dyeing process or the like.
[0023]
Further, in the present invention, the elastic yarn (A) and the inner layer filament (B) of the sheath portion are supplied in an integrated manner, so that the stress at the time of air injection entanglement does not concentrate on the elastic yarn (A) and the inner layer of the sheath portion Since it can be dispersed in the filament (B), the yarn breakage and elongation unevenness are remarkably suppressed, the centering state of the elastic yarn (A) is improved, and an excellent composite elastic yarn free from yarn misalignment and unevenness is obtained. .
[0024]
In the composite elastic yarn of the present invention, the height of the loop fluff that projects most far from the surface of the composite elastic yarn when a load of 0.01 g / dtex is applied in the fiber axis direction is within a range of 1.2 mm or less. The number of fine loop fluffs is preferably 1200 pieces / m or more. As a result, a composite elastic yarn having a high covering property and a high bulkiness and a span-like texture and appearance can be obtained.
[0025]
The fine loop fluff means a fluff having a measured value within the above 1.2 mm, and it can be said that the larger the number of the fine loop fluff, the better the elastic elasticity of the bulkiness. However, if there are many large loop fluffs, not only the unwinding property from cheese and corn is inferior, but also there is a risk of impairing the processability. Phenomenon) tends to occur and the commercial value tends to be easily lost.
[0026]
When the composite elastic yarn of the present invention is used in a woven or knitted fabric, the effect can be sufficiently exerted by a normal method of use. In the case of a woven fabric, if additional twisting is performed 50 times / m or more, fluff This is preferable because it has a flattening effect and improves the process passability.
Hereinafter, examples of the fabric will be described.
The composite elastic yarn of the present invention can be used for both or one of warp and weft, and other yarns such as general synthetic fibers, artificial fibers, regenerated fibers, natural fibers, or processed yarns thereof. You may interweave with 1 type, or 2 or more types.
[0027]
Woven fabrics include flat, twill, satsuko, and changing structures in the future, but satsuko and twill are preferred. The raw machine density preferably has a cover factor in the range of warp 800-1700 and latitude 550-1,000. The finishing density is preferably in the range of warp 900-2,300, latitude 630-1,400. Cover factor is (fineness of fiber used) 1/2 It is a numerical value represented by x (number / 2.54 cm).
[0028]
In the dyeing finishing process, since the composite elastic yarn is used, when relaxing after weaving, it is expanded and gradually heated from a low temperature (eg, 40 ° C.) to gradually increase the temperature (eg, 70 ° C., 95 ° C., etc.). It is very important to suppress wrinkling by contracting. After that, scouring and full-scale relaxation of the texture is performed, and a predetermined stretchability and bulkiness, span tone texture, and appearance are expressed. Next, after performing heat setting for adjusting the width and weft density of the woven fabric, it is preferable to perform an alkali weight reduction process (which may also serve as a splitting process) of about 5 to 30% to make a softer texture.
[0029]
The dyeing finish is performed as the final process. Furthermore, depending on the case, brushing like so-called peach skin may be imparted by emery paper, a brush, a needle cloth, etc. In addition, various finishing processes such as embossing and printing, softeners, water repellents, etc. It is also possible to use a finishing agent such as an antistatic agent.
[0030]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described by examples.
Measurement methods, evaluation methods, etc. are as follows.
(1) Elongation rate and elongation recovery rate of composite elastic yarn
According to JIS-L-1090 A method.
[0031]
The sample is preheated in hot water at 90 ° C. for 20 minutes. Next, an initial load of 0.002 g / dtex is applied, and a mark (a) with a sample length of 20 cm is placed.
Next, a load of 0.1 g / dtex is applied, and the length (b) between marks is read after 30 seconds.
Next, the sample is deweighted and left for 2 minutes. The initial load is applied again, and the length (c) between the marks is read after 30 seconds.
[0032]
This is repeated 20 times and expressed as the average value.
Elongation rate (%) = [(b−a) / a] × 100
Elongation recovery rate (%) = [(b−c) / (b−a)] × 100
(2) Elongation rate and elastic recovery rate of fabric
According to JIS-L-1098.
[0033]
An initial load of 20 g is applied to a sample having a size of 5 cm × 30 cm, and a mark between 20 cm is put (L0). Next, a load of 1.5 kg is applied, and the length between marks after 1 hour is read (L1).
Next, the load is removed, and the length between the marks after 1 hour is read (L2). It is expressed by an average value of n number = 3 (that is, 3 sheets).
[0034]
Elongation rate (%) = [(L1-L0) / L0] × 100
Elastic recovery rate (%) = [(L1-L2) / (L1-L0)] × 100
(3) Yarn length difference
A sample having a length of 2.54 cm is taken and separated into an elastic yarn (A) in the core, an inner layer filament (B) in the sheath, and an outer layer filament (C), and the lengths of (B) and (C) are determined. Measured and expressed as the ratio of (C) to (B).
[0035]
Thread length difference = (C length) / (B length)
(4) Length and number of loop fluff
It is measured using a Toray fluff counting device (L-DT104-2 type).
The measurement conditions were a yarn speed of 9 m / min, continuous measurement for 10 seconds under a tension of 0.01 g / dtex, the size and number of loop fluffs were measured, and the number of loop fluffs was expressed as a converted value between 1 meter. It was.
[0036]
(5) Unwinding property of composite elastic yarn cheese
Evaluation was made based on the number of yarn breaks per million meters when over-end unwinding from a cheese wound with a composite elastic yarn at a yarn speed of 400 m / min.
Evaluation was ranked in 3 ranks, and the number of yarn breaks was judged as ◯, 6-10 times as Δ, and 11 times or more as x.
[0037]
(6) Eye swelling phenomenon of composite elastic yarn and eye swelling phenomenon of woven fabric
In the case of composite elastic yarns, after knitting with a single knitting machine, in the case of woven fabrics, after scouring the fabric after weaving, dyeing is carried out by the method described below so that the polyurethane is not dyed or is well decolored. The degree of polyurethane exposure was observed and evaluated.
As a dyeing method, a dye is selected according to the material of the sheath yarn. For example, cellulose yarn fibers such as rayon are directly dyed with a dye and dyed by a dyeing method that does not dye polyurethane. In addition, polyester and nylon fibers are dyed with disperse dyes, and are subjected to intensive reduction cleaning to sufficiently remove the dye from the polyurethane. The appearance of the samples thus obtained was observed carefully, and was ranked in 3 ranks according to the degree of polyurethane exposure.
[0038]
In the evaluation, a case where the polyurethane was not visible was judged as ◯, a case where it was visible as Δ, and a case where the polyurethane was seen as good as ×.
(7) Bulkiness of composite elastic yarn and bulkiness of fabric
In the case of composite elastic yarn, the knitted fabric of filament and spun yarn is used as the standard panel, and in the case of woven fabric, the flat panel scoured fabric is used as the standard panel. Judgment was made and evaluated.
[0039]
The evaluation was evaluated as ◯ for the spun yarn fabric, △ for the middle of the spun yarn and the filament fabric, and × for the filament fabric.
(8) Gloss of composite elastic yarn and gloss of fabric
As with the bulkiness of (7) above, a knitted fabric of filament and spun yarn or a scoured fabric of plain woven fabric is used as a standard panel, and the position of the prototype scoured fabric corresponding to the gloss of the standard panel is indicated. Judged and evaluated.
[0040]
The evaluation was evaluated as ◯ for the spun yarn fabric, △ for the middle of the spun yarn and the filament fabric, and × for the filament fabric.
[Example 1]
Polyurethane 77 dtex elastic yarn (A) with a cutting elongation of 740% is stretched 4 times between the first roller (yarn speed 78.7 m / min) and the second roller (yarn speed 315 m / min) to form the inner layer of the sheath The polyester W cross-section yarn 167dtex / 60f (B) to be fed is supplied from the second roller along the elastic yarn (A) and integrated. On the other hand, the polyester W cross-section yarn 167dtex / 60f constituting the outer layer of the sheath is supplied from the third roller (yarn speed 375 m / min) higher than the second roller.
[0041]
The core elastic yarn (A), the sheath inner layer (B), and outer layer (C) are led to the air injection nozzle 4 (type 311K manufactured by Hemaraline Co., Ltd.) provided between the second roller and the fourth roller. Pressure 5.9 × 10 Five Air is entangled with Pa to form a loop fluff and ejected from the air ejection nozzle 4. This was pulled out with the 4th roller (yarn speed 300m / min), and it wound up as cheese 7 from the winder.
[0042]
The obtained composite elastic yarn was subjected to additional twisting of 600 t / m, and as shown in Table 1, the loop fluff with an elongation rate of 162% and 1.2 mm or less exceeding 13,077 pieces / m and 1.2 mm was obtained. Yielded 0 / m composite elastic yarn.
The composite elastic yarn did not have a looseness phenomenon, had good coverage, and had good unwinding properties and processability.
[0043]
The composite elastic yarn was woven with a plain woven fabric at a density of 45 warps / 2.54 cm and 42 wefts / 2.54 cm, and then subjected to scouring, pre-setting, dyeing and finishing according to ordinary methods. The resulting woven fabric does not show any irregularity of elastic yarn, and has a warp: elongation rate of 28%, an elastic recovery rate of 85%, a weft: an elongation rate of 23%, and an elastic recovery rate of 87%, and is a long fiber. However, a stretch fabric with a high bulkiness and a soft texture was obtained, and a span-like fabric that did not give glare and metallic luster unique to long fibers could be obtained.
[0044]
[Example 2]
Using polyurethane 11 dtex elastic yarn with a cut elongation of 630%, stretched 3.3 times, using 11 dtex / 7f of nylon 66 for the inner layer of the sheath and 55 dtex / 96f of nylon 66 for the outer layer, as shown in Table 1. A composite elastic yarn was produced under the condition that the length difference was suppressed.
The obtained composite elastic yarn had an elongation of 141%, loop fluff of 1.2 mm or less, 7,653 pieces / m, and loop fluff of more than 1.2 mm was 0.4 pieces / m.
[0045]
The composite elastic yarn was dyed in the same process as in Example 1 after weaving a 2/1 twill textured fabric with a density of warp 143 / 2.54 cm and weft 113 / 2.54 cm. The resulting woven fabric has a warp: stretch rate of 35%, an elastic recovery rate of 88%, a weft: an elongation rate of 28%, and an elastic recovery rate of 86%. The fabric was bulky and had a soft texture and a spanned appearance peculiar to nylon.
[0046]
Example 3
Polyurethane 44 dtex elastic yarn with a cut elongation of 600% was used, stretched twice, ester 55dtex / 24f was used for the inner layer of the sheath, and ester 167 dtex / 96f was used for the outer layer. A composite elastic yarn was produced under increasing conditions.
The resulting composite elastic yarn has an elongation rate of 120%, loop fluff of 1.2 mm or less is 24,946 pieces / m, loop fluff exceeding 1.2 mm is 0.3 pieces / m, and many loop fluffs Although it was generated and there was some anxiety about the unraveling property of the cheese, there was no eye swelling phenomenon, and the bulkiness and gloss were the same appearance as the spun yarn.
[0047]
The composite elastic yarn was woven into a plain woven fabric at a density of 50 warps / 2.54 cm and 44 wefts / 2.54 cm, and then dyed in the same manner as in Example 1. The resulting woven fabric has warp: 45% elongation, elastic recovery rate 85%, weft: elongation rate 17%, elastic recovery rate 83%, good coverage with many loop fluff, high bulkiness and light weight The texture was similar to that of the spun yarn.
[0048]
Example 4
Polyurethane 77 dtex elastic yarn with a cut elongation of 740% was used, stretched 3 times, 55 dtex / 24f of ester was used for the inner layer of the sheath, and 333 dtex / 120f of ester W cross-sectional yarn was used for the outer layer. The composite elastic yarn was manufactured under the condition that the ratio (B) :( C) was increased to 1: 6.
[0049]
The obtained composite elastic yarn has an elongation rate of 162%, loop fluff of 1.2 mm or less is 19,850 pieces / m, loop fluff of more than 1.2 mm is 0 pieces / m, and the cheese has good unwinding property. There was no unevenness, and the appearance was the same as spun yarn in bulkiness and gloss. The composite elastic yarn is woven with a plain woven fabric at a density of 38 warps / 2.54 cm and 34 wefts / 2.54 cm, and after the presetting of the process of Example 1, it is subjected to a weight reduction process of 20 wt% and dyeing is performed. It was. The resulting woven fabric has a warp: elongation rate of 48%, an elastic recovery rate of 86%, a weft: elongation rate of 28%, and an elastic recovery rate of 87%. In addition, it was a spanned fabric in which drape and soft texture were emphasized.
[0050]
Example 5
A polyurethane 155 dtex elastic yarn having a cut elongation of 817% was stretched 3 times, and 55 dtex / 24f of ester was used as the inner layer of the sheath portion in the same manner as in Example 4, and 333 dtex / 120f of ester W cross-sectional yarn was used as the outer layer. As shown in FIG. 3, a composite elastic yarn was produced under the condition that the mixing ratio of the polyurethane elastic yarn was increased to 10.4 wt%.
[0051]
The resulting composite elastic yarn has an elongation rate of 160%, loop fluff of 1.2 mm or less is 12,688 pieces / m, loop fluff of more than 1.2 mm is 0 pieces / m, and the cheese has a good unwinding property. There was no graininess, and the appearance was the same as spun yarn in bulkiness and gloss.
The composite elastic yarn was woven into a plain fabric at a density of 40 warps / 2.54 cm and 35 wefts / 2.54 cm, and then dyed in the same manner as in Example 1. The resulting woven fabric has warp: elongation rate of 48%, elastic recovery rate of 90%, weft: elongation rate of 33%, elastic recovery rate of 92%, and high mixing ratio of polyurethane elastic yarn, so excellent elongation rate and elastic recovery rate. Further, by using the covering property and the W cross-section yarn, it was possible to obtain a woven fabric having a higher bulkiness and having a texture and an appearance similar to a spun yarn woven fabric.
[0052]
Example 6
Polyurethane 44 dtex elastic yarn with 600% elongation at break is stretched 4.5 times, 167 dtex / 48f of ester is used for the inner layer of the sheath and 55 dtex / 24f of ester is used for the outer layer. A composite elastic yarn was produced under conditions where the draw ratio of the yarn was increased and the yarn length difference was increased.
[0053]
The resulting composite elastic yarn has a high stretch ratio of 233% due to its high draw ratio, and 8,350 pieces / m of loop fluff of 1.2 mm or less, 0.8 pieces of loop fluff exceeding 1.2 mm / At m, since the yarn length difference is large, the fluff is uneven and the cheese is poorly unwound. Moreover, although it was bulky, it had a rough appearance.
[0054]
After weaving a plain woven fabric at a density of 97 yarns / 2.54 cm for polyester false twisted yarn 167 dtex / 48f for warp yarn and 800 t / m for additional twist and 55 yarns / 2.54 cm for weft yarn, Dyeing was performed in the same process. The resulting woven fabric has a weft: elongation rate of 28% and an elastic recovery rate of 88%, and an uneven eye phenomenon is observed. Moreover, it became a woven fabric having a bulky but rough texture and appearance due to loop fluff spots.
[0055]
Example 7
Table 4 shows the conditions shown in Table 4, using a polyurethane 44 dtex elastic yarn having a cut elongation of 600%, stretching 3.5 times, using 55 dtex / 24f of ester for the inner layer of the sheath and 83 dtex / 72f of ester having a small filament fineness for the outer layer. A composite elastic yarn was produced.
The resulting composite elastic yarn has an elongation rate of 218%, loop fluff of 1.2 mm or less is 13,360 pieces / m, loop fluff of over 1.2 mm is 0 pieces / m, and the cheese is unwound. The property was good. There was no graininess, and the appearance was the same as spun yarn in bulkiness and gloss.
[0056]
Using the same warp yarn as in Example 6 for the composite elastic yarn, weaving a plain woven fabric with a density of 70 / 2.54 cm of the composite elastic yarn on the weft, and then performing dyeing in the same process as in Example 6. It was. The resulting woven fabric had a weft: stretch rate of 33% and an elastic recovery rate of 87%, good coverage, abundant bulkiness and lightness, and a soft texture and spanned appearance. .
[0057]
Example 8
Polyurethane 44 dtex elastic yarn with a cutting elongation of 600% was stretched 3 times, and 83 dtex / 36 f of ester was used for the inner layer of the sheath part and rayon 83 dtex / 33 f of the hydrophilic filament was used for the outer layer, and composited under the conditions shown in Table 4 An elastic yarn was produced.
The resulting composite elastic yarn has an elongation rate of 195%, loop fluff of 1.2 mm or less is 15,346 pieces / m, loop fluff of more than 1.2 mm is 1.0 pieces / m, and the cheese is unwound. The process passability was good. There was no unevenness of the eyes, and the bulkiness was the same as that of the spun yarn.
[0058]
Using the same yarn as in Examples 6 and 7 for the warp and weaving a plain woven fabric with a density of 62 / 2.54 cm of the composite elastic yarn obtained above for the weft, followed by the same steps as in Examples 6 and 7 processed. The physical properties of the resulting woven fabric were weft: elongation rate of 22% and elastic recovery rate of 70%. This fabric is excellent in covering property and bulkiness, and since the surface is covered with hydrophilic filaments, it is possible to obtain a spun fabric with a soft texture and texture, and a gloss and resilience unique to rayon. It was.
[0059]
[Comparative Example 1]
Using the same elastic yarn as in Example 3, polyester 83dtex / 36f was used for the inner layer of the sheath and polyester 83dtex / 36f was used for the outer layer, and a composite elastic yarn was produced under the air jet entanglement conditions shown in Table 5.
The obtained composite elastic yarn had an elongation rate of 225%, loop fluff of 1.2 mm or less, 530 pieces / m, and loop fluff exceeding 1.2 mm of 0 pieces / m.
[0060]
In the same manner as in Examples 6, 7, and 8, the polyester false twisted yarn 165 dtex / 72f was used as 97 warps / 2.54 cm for the warp yarn, and the composite elastic yarn obtained above was used for the weft yarn at a density of 65 yarns / 2.54 cm. After weaving the tissue fabric, it was processed in the same process as in Examples 6 and 7. The physical properties of the obtained woven fabric were weft: elongation rate of 27% and elastic recovery rate of 87%. This woven fabric was crumpled and insufficient in bulk, had a metallic luster unique to long fibers, and was far from being a spun woven fabric.
[0061]
[Comparative Example 2]
Using the same elastic yarn as in Example 3, polyester 55dtex / 24f was used for the inner layer of the sheath and polyester 167 dtex / 96f was used for the outer layer, and composite elastic yarn was produced under the conditions where the yarn length difference shown in Table 5 was large.
In the inter-nozzle (MK-13 type) part, the outer layer of the sheath part was loosened, and the nozzle was detached and the nozzle was clogged.
[0062]
[Comparative Example 3]
Using the same elastic yarn as in Example 3, polyester 55dtex / 24f was used for the inner layer of the sheath and polyester 83dtex / 72f was used for the outer layer, and as shown in Table 6, a composite elastic yarn was manufactured under conditions with a small yarn length difference.
The obtained composite elastic yarn had an elongation rate of 217% and loop fluff of 0 pieces / m.
[0063]
Using the same warp as in Examples 6, 7, and 8, weaving the plain elastic fabric with a density of 72 / 2.54 cm of the composite elastic yarn obtained above in the weft, the same as in Examples 6, 7 It was processed in the process. The physical properties of the resulting woven fabric were weft: stretch rate of 33% and elastic recovery rate of 89%. This woven fabric was crumpled and insufficient in bulk, had a metallic luster unique to long fibers, and was a filament woven workmanship rather than a spun woven cloth.
[0064]
[Comparative Example 4]
Using a polyurethane 77 dtex elastic yarn with a cut elongation of 740%, using a polyester W cross-section yarn 167 dtex / 60f for the outer layer of the sheath part, as shown in Table 6, composite under conditions with a small yarn length difference enabling air injection entanglement An elastic yarn was produced.
The resulting composite elastic yarn has a high elongation rate of 235%, loop fluff of 0 / m, no lumpy phenomenon, good cheese unraveling property, and good process passability, but insufficient bulkiness. It was a thread.
[0065]
The same yarns as in Examples 6, 7, and 8 were used for the warp yarns, and weaving a plain fabric with a density of 47 / 2.54 cm of the composite elastic yarn obtained above as weft yarns, and then Examples 6, 7, and It processed in the same process. The physical properties of the resulting woven fabric were weft: stretch rate of 35% and elastic recovery rate of 86%. This woven fabric was crumpled, had insufficient bulkiness, had a metallic luster unique to long fibers, had a filament woven finish, and was far from being a spanned woven fabric.
[0066]
Tables 1 to 6 summarize the conditions, results, and the like for the above examples and comparative examples.
[0067]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004497648
[0068]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004497648
[0069]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004497648
[0070]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004497648
[0071]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004497648
[0072]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004497648
[0073]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, even in the untwisted yarn state, it is possible to prevent unevenness, remarkably enhance the covering property, have a bulky span-like texture and appearance, and have improved unwinding properties and process passability. Elastic yarns can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a process for producing a composite elastic yarn of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... 1st roller
2 ... Second roller
3 ... Third roller
4 ... Air injection nozzle
5 ... Fourth roller
6 ... Winding machine
7 ... Cheese
8 ... Guide bar
A ... Elastic yarn
B ... Sheath inner layer inelastic multifilament
C: Sheath outer layer inelastic multifilament

Claims (2)

一対の給糸ローラーと一対の伸長ローラー間で伸長した弾性糸(A)と、鞘部を構成する内層フィラメント(B)及び外層フィラメント(C)を空気噴射ノズルに導くに際し、弾性糸と内層フィラメント(B)を沿わせて伸長ローラーに供給し、別途、外層フィラメント(C)を給糸することにより、(A)、(B)、(C)を共に空気ノズルに給糸してループ交絡させた後、巻き取ることを特徴とする複合弾性糸の製造方法。  When guiding the elastic yarn (A) extended between the pair of yarn feeding rollers and the pair of extension rollers, the inner layer filament (B) and the outer layer filament (C) constituting the sheath portion to the air jet nozzle, the elastic yarn and the inner layer filament Along with (B), supply to the extension roller, and separately feed the outer layer filament (C), so that (A), (B), and (C) are all fed to the air nozzle and loop entangled. And then winding the composite elastic yarn. 複合弾性糸が、少なくとも1種の弾性糸(A)が芯部を、少なくとも1種の非弾性マルチフィラメントが鞘部を形成してなる複合弾性糸であって、非弾性マルチフィラメントにおいては、内層フィラメント(B)と外層フィラメント(C)が互いに交絡し、その糸長差が1.05≦C/B≦1.50であり、該複合弾性糸において(B)と(C)が実質的に均一な鞘部を形成し、複合弾性糸の表層に微細ループ毛羽を有する複合弾性糸であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の製造方法。The composite elastic yarn is a composite elastic yarn in which at least one type of elastic yarn (A) forms a core portion and at least one type of inelastic multifilament forms a sheath portion. The filament (B) and the outer layer filament (C) are entangled with each other, and the yarn length difference is 1.05 ≦ C / B ≦ 1.50. In the composite elastic yarn, (B) and (C) are substantially 2. The production method according to claim 1, which is a composite elastic yarn which forms a uniform sheath and has fine loop fluff on the surface layer of the composite elastic yarn.
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