JP4315494B2 - Pile yarn and crimping method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for crimping pile yarns and yarns.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The pile yarn is required to be bulky, and a crimped fiber that has been crimped to form a fine bend is used for the pile yarn. As a method for making the pile yarn more bulky, a knit / denit method is known. According to the knit / denit method, a knitted fabric knitted into a cylindrical shape using pile yarn as a knitting yarn is shaped, the shape of the stitch loop is set, and when the knitting yarn is unwound, it is bent according to the shape of the stitch loop. A crimped yarn with a crimp is obtained. The crimp applied by the knit / denit method is larger than the crimp formed by crimping, and the larger the crimp, the more difficult the fibers are entangled. Therefore, if the crimp yarn obtained by the knit / denit method is used for the pile yarn, the pile layer A pile fabric having a bulky bulge is obtained.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the knit / denit method, the process is a knitting process, a shape setting process, and a knitting process, and a special and expensive circular knitting apparatus is required, so that the resulting crimp yarn is expensive. In particular, tubular knitted fabrics using wool fibers are shrunk in the shape setting process, and the wool fibers are intertwined between the stitch loops, making it difficult to disassemble. Since it will be strongly twisted, it will be difficult to obtain a bulky crimp yarn. In the knit / denit method, the size of the stitch loop is determined by the needle gauge of the circular knitting apparatus to be used. Therefore, various circular knitting apparatuses with different needle gauges must be prepared to change the size and pitch of the crimp (bending). Inevitably, various crimp yarns are difficult to obtain.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to easily obtain various crimp yarns having different crimp sizes and pitches, and to obtain a bulky pile fabric using the crimp yarns as pile yarns.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the crimping method according to the present invention, the fiber yarn 11 is wound around the fiber yarn 11 in a spiral shape with a thickness of one-tenth or less of the thickness, and the yarn yarn 12 is contracted to fold the fiber yarn 11. Compressing in the length direction between the winding pitches (P) of the yarn 12, raising the circumferential surface of the fiber yarn between the winding pitches (P), and setting the shape of the raised fiber yarn 11 It is a feature.
[0006]
The pile yarn 14 according to the present invention is obtained by winding a spiral yarn 12 having a thickness of 1/10 or less of the thickness of the fiber yarn 11 in a spiral shape. The circumferential surface of the fiber yarn 11 is raised between the pitches (P), and the height H of the bump 13 is 1.2 times or more the winding pitch P of the kite yarn 12, and the raised fiber yarn The first feature is that the shape is set.
[0007]
The second feature of the pile yarn 14 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, both the fiber yarn 11 and the kite yarn 12 are made of thermoplastic synthetic fiber, and constitute the fiber yarn 11. The softening point and melting point of the synthetic fiber are higher than the softening point and melting point of the fibers constituting the kite string 12, respectively.
[0008]
The third feature of the pile yarn 14 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, the fiber yarn 11 is made of polyester fiber, and the kite yarn 12 is made of nylon.
[0009]
The fourth feature of the pile yarn 14 according to the present invention is that, in addition to any of the first, second and third features, the fiber yarn 11 is untwisted or the number of twists is 50 times / m or less. It is substantially untwisted.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The thickness of the pile yarn of the pile fabric 11 such as moquette, Wilton carpet, tufted carpet and the like is generally 500 to 10,000 deniers. The pile fabric 16 can be handled. The thickness of the kite thread 12 is set to 1/10 or less of the thickness of the fiber yarn 11 because when the kite string 12 is too thick, the appearance (color) and feel (texture) of the crimp thread (14), This is because the physical properties such as durability depend on the string 12, and the string 12 is used as a temporary thread that maintains the shape until the fiber yarn 11 is set. It is not necessary to make it thick, and may be 1/20 or less of the thickness of the fiber yarn 11.
[0011]
In the present invention, since the fiber yarn 11 is deformed by shrinking the kite yarn 12 and shaped and set as it is, the kite yarn 12 is a fiber that is more easily contracted than the fiber constituting the fiber yarn 11 under the same conditions. Is used. The shrinkage of the kite string 12 may be water shrinkage that absorbs moisture like vinylon or rayon and shrinks by heat like vinylidene chloride fiber or other thermoplastic synthetic fibers. Also good.
[0012]
By the way, even when the straightly elongated yarn is slightly compressed in the length direction, the yarn is largely bent into a bow shape. For example, when a straightly stretched yarn is compressed to a reduction ratio of 10%, it is bowed more than 40% of the length of the yarn and bulges in the thickness (width) direction of the yarn, Even if it is compressed to a reduction rate of 5%, it swells by 30% or more with respect to the length of the yarn. When the individual fibers constituting the yarn bulge in a bow shape of about 30% in the thickness direction with respect to the length direction of the fiber, the yarn swells in bulk, and in particular, it is free. The pile layers that are adjacent to each other are extremely bulky because the gaps between the adjacent fibers can be made fine.
[0013]
Therefore, in general, fibers exhibiting water shrinkage and heat shrinkability of 20% or more are particularly referred to as shrinkable fibers. In the present invention, it is necessary to use such special shrinkable fibers for the kite 12. In addition, a yarn that causes a difference in shrinkage of 5% or more between the fiber yarn 11 under the same conditions can be used as the kite yarn 12. As specific examples, jute (burlap) fibers and other hygroscopic fibers, and ordinary thermoplastic fibers such as nylon and polypropylene fibers can also be used as the kite string 12. Nylon and polyester fibers are commonly used as synthetic fibers for pile yarns, but since nylon has a lower melting point and softening point than polyester fibers and heat shrinks at 170 to 190 ° C., the heat setting temperature of polyester fibers is 200. Nylon shrinks greatly at ~ 220 ° C.
Therefore, in order to carry out the present invention easily, it is preferable to use polyester fibers for the fiber yarns 11 and nylon for the kite yarns 12.
[0014]
In order to facilitate the shrinkage of the kite string 12, it is preferable to stretch as much as possible by applying a strong tension when it is wound around the fiber yarn 11 or in the previous process. In this respect, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic synthetic fiber such as nylon or polypropylene that is easily stretched, in particular, a filament yarn of a thermoplastic synthetic fiber, as the kite string 12. When wool fiber is used for the fiber yarn 11, the shape setting is performed by a known method for releasing the intermolecular bond of the wool fiber. When a thermoplastic synthetic fiber is used for the fiber yarn 11, the shape set is performed by heating near the softening point.
[0015]
In order to easily raise the circumferential surface of the fiber yarn 11 between the winding pitches (P) of the kite yarn 12, the fiber yarn 11 is substantially untwisted or the number of twists is 50 times / m or less. It is good to use in a non-twisted state, and long fibers (multifilament yarn) are suitable for the fiber yarn 11. When a short fiber (spun yarn) is used for the fiber yarn 11, it is good to use it in the state of a non-twisted spinning sliver. Then, the untwisted spun sliver (11) is bound by the kite yarn 12 in the same manner as the untwisted spun yarn (wrap yarn), and is given a tensile strength that can withstand use as the pile yarn 14. In addition, the winding pitch P of the kite yarn 12 of the conventional untwisted bundle spun yarn (wrap yarn) is 3 to 7 mm, and the yarn foot (length) of the kite yarn 12 is 1. Although more than 10 times longer than 10%, and in a non-tensioned state, although the fiber yarn 11 swells due to the elasticity of the fiber, there is a slight ridge 13 that fluffs appear between the winding pitches (P), Since the ridge 13 is not set, there is no function to make the exceptional pile bulky.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention (Claim 1), the size and pitch of the crimp (13) of the fiber yarn 11 can be freely set by the shrinkage rate and the winding pitch P of the kite yarn 12 that is spirally wound around it. There is no need to prepare various circular knitting apparatuses having different needle gauges in order to change the size and pitch of the crimp as in the conventional knit / denit method. In particular, when the fiber yarn 11 is used as a spun sliver, the kite yarn 12 is automatically wound in the spinning process of the untwisted bundle spun yarn that binds the yarn yarn 11 to give tensile strength. When a thermoplastic synthetic fiber having a slightly different heat shrinkage ratio is used for the crimping yarn 12, the crimp yarn 14 can be obtained simply by heating it. Therefore, the present invention is very practical.
[0017]
Further, the kite yarn 12 used for generating the crimp 13 on the fiber yarn 11 is significantly thinner than the fiber yarn 11, so that when the crimp yarn 14 is strongly tensioned, the kite yarn 12 is broken and the fiber yarn 11 is broken. The yarn 11 becomes free and bulges.
In particular, when the cut pile 15 is formed by using the crimp yarn 14 as a pile yarn, the kite yarn 12 is cut and the pile 15 is opened in a bulky manner, and the kite yarn 12 is contracted and sinks under the pile surface. The end of the kite does not appear on the pile surface, and a colorful pile fabric 16 is obtained.
[0018]
According to the present invention (Claim 2), the winding pitch P around which the kite yarn 12 is wound in the spinning process of the untwisted bundle spun yarn generally used for pile yarn is 3 to 7 mm. Thus, the pitch (P) of the crimps attached to the fibers (11) constituting the pile 15 is 2 to 4 mm. The crimp 13 is larger than a crimp of less than 1 mm by crimping, and the pile 15 is formed when the height H of the ridge 13 is 1.2 times or more the winding pitch P of the crimped yarn 12. The bulky pile fabric 16 in which the fibers (11) to be separated are separated without being entangled individually is obtained. The individual fibers constituting the fiber yarn 11 may have fine crimps by crimping. If the crimped fiber yarn 11 is used, fine crimps may be used. The pile fabric 16 is obtained in which the crimps (crimps) and the large crimps 13 having a pitch (P) of 2 to 4 mm are combined and greatly opened.
[0019]
According to the present invention (Claim 3 and Claim 4), nylon and polyester fiber are widely used as pile yarns, and nylon has a lower melting point and softening point than polyester fiber, and the polyester fiber has a heat setting temperature of nylon. Shrinks around 10%, and the polyester fibers are greatly raised between the winding pitches of the kite string 12, and the height H of the ridges 13 is about 1.4 of the winding pitch P of the kite string 12 as shown in FIG. A pile yarn 14 having a magnification of ˜1.5 is obtained. Accordingly, when polyester fiber is used for the fiber yarn 11 and nylon is used for the kite yarn 12, a bulky pile fabric 16 can be easily obtained. FIG. 2 illustrates a pile fabric obtained by the present invention, and 17 is a base fabric for locking the pile 15.
[0020]
According to the present invention (Claim 5), the untwisted or substantially untwisted fiber yarn 11 having a twist number of 50 times / m or less is based on the kite yarn 12 when the crimp yarn 14 forms the pile 15. The pile fabric 16 is easily obtained by being released from the bundle and easily separating the fibers individually.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged surface view of a crimp yarn according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional side view of a pile fabric according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged surface view of a conventional pile yarn before crimping.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Fiber yarn 12 Woven yarn 13 Crimp (raising)
14 Crimp yarn (pile yarn)
15 Pile 16 Pile fabric 17 Base fabric

Claims (1)

  The fiber yarn (11) is wound around the fiber yarn (11) spirally with a thickness of 1/10 or less of the thickness, and the fiber yarn (12) is shrunk so that the fiber yarn (11) is made into the yarn yarn. Compressed in the length direction between the winding pitches (P) of (12), raised the peripheral surface of the fiber yarn between the winding pitches (P), and set the shape of the raised fiber yarn (11) A crimping method characterized by:

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