JP4276520B2 - 空気分離装置の運転方法 - Google Patents
空気分離装置の運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4276520B2 JP4276520B2 JP2003370739A JP2003370739A JP4276520B2 JP 4276520 B2 JP4276520 B2 JP 4276520B2 JP 2003370739 A JP2003370739 A JP 2003370739A JP 2003370739 A JP2003370739 A JP 2003370739A JP 4276520 B2 JP4276520 B2 JP 4276520B2
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
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- F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
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- F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
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- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
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- F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
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- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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- F25J3/0426—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation
- F25J3/04266—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation and being liquefied hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
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- F25J3/04357—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen and comprising a gas work expansion loop
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Description
(2)また、LNGの使用量が大きく変動するため、空気分離装置は最小のLNG使用可能量に合わせて設計しなければならず、LNGの冷熱を十分に有効活用することができなかった。
(3)さらに、運転停止中の入熱によりLNGタンク内に残されているLNGの気化により自然気化ガス(BOG)が生じ、LNGタンクの内圧が上昇して危険であるため、LNGタンク内のBOGを廃棄しなければならず、経済的に不利になるという問題があった。
そして、第4の主要部は、前記窒素循環冷却機構3で製造された液体窒素と低温の窒素ガスとを分離すると共に、液体窒素を過冷却して液体窒素製品とする液体窒素過冷却ボックス4である。以下、本発明の形態に係る空気分離装置を構成する、これら主要部の構成を、図面を順次参照しながら説明する。
一方、低圧精留塔22の頂部から過冷却器24を介して取出された高純度窒素ガス、および高圧精留塔23から取出された高純度窒素ガスは主熱交換器21において原料空気と熱交換した後、図3に示す流路C,Dを介して送出され、それぞれ窒素循環冷却機構3に送られる。
(1) NGの需要がなくなって払出しができなくなった場合でも、LNGを冷熱回収流路35に供給して循環させることにより循環圧縮機32から吐出される圧縮窒素ガスを冷却することができる。つまり、従来のように、循環圧縮機32の運転を停止する必要がなく、NGの需要量の多少に拘らず運転を継続することができるから、空気分離装置の稼働率が向上する。
(2) また、LNGの使用量が大きく変動しても、空気分離装置を最小のLNG使用可能量に合わせて設計する必要がないので、LNGの冷熱を十分に有効活用することができる。
(3) さらに、LNGタンク35aから冷熱回収流路35に供給されたLNGは、冷熱蓄熱器34aに蓄熱されている冷熱を回収すると共に、第1窒素冷熱利用熱交換器33cで過冷却されてLNGタンク35aに戻される。従って、LNGの過冷却度によりLNGタンク35a内のBOGの発生を抑制するか、またはLNGタンク35a内のBOGを液化させてLNGタンク35aの内圧を低下させることができる。そのため、LNGタンク35a内のBOGを廃棄する必要がなく、経済的に有利になる。
そして、窒素循環流路33の循環圧縮機32の吸込口の付近に、窒素圧縮機31で圧縮された流路Cの高純度窒素ガスと、流路Dの高純度窒素ガスとの混合ガスが供給されるように構成されている。LNG冷熱蓄熱流路34と冷熱回収流路35の経路は上記形態1の場合と同様である。
1…原料空気処理部,11…吸込フィルタ,12…空気圧縮機,13…クーラ、14…MS吸着器,15…再生電気ヒータ,16…サイレンサ
2…コールドボックス,21…主熱交換器,22…低圧精留塔,23…高圧精留塔,24…過冷却器,25…酸素リッチな液体空気,26…主凝縮器
3…窒素循環冷却機構,31…窒素圧縮機,32…循環圧縮機,33…窒素循環流路,33a…第1LNG利用熱交換器,33b…膨張タービン,33c…第1窒素冷熱利用熱交換器,33d…第2窒素冷熱利用熱交換器,33e…第2LNG利用熱交換器,33f…予冷器,33g…循環タービン圧縮機,33h…分岐流路,33i…循環冷凍機,34…LNG冷熱蓄熱流路,34a…冷熱蓄熱器,35…冷熱回収流路,35a…LNGタンク,35b…LNGポンプ,36…NG排出流路,37…LNG加温器,38a…LNG供給元タンク,38b…LNG供給元ポンプ
4…液体窒素過冷却ボックス,41…気液分離器,42…液体窒素過冷却器,43…液体窒素流路,44…流量制御弁,45…液体窒素温度検出センサ、46…低温の窒素ガス,47…液体窒素
Claims (2)
- 液化天然ガスタンクから十分な量の液化天然ガスを供給することができるときには、液化天然ガスの冷熱による圧縮窒素ガスの冷却および冷熱蓄熱器への前記液化天然ガスの冷熱の蓄熱をし、蓄熱後の液化天然ガスは液化天然ガス加温器で気化させて天然ガスを製造する一方、液化天然ガスタンクから供給できる液化天然ガスの供給量が少ないときには、液化天然ガスタンクから液化天然ガスポンプを経て供給した液化天然ガスの冷熱で圧縮窒素ガスを冷却して自らは昇温して1部または全てがガス化するこの液化天然ガスまたは天然ガスを、液化天然ガスタンクから液化天然ガスポンプを経て供給した液化天然ガスに合流させて液化天然ガスの2相流とした後に、前記冷熱蓄熱器に流入させて2相流の液化天然ガスを液化することで冷熱を回収すると共に、冷熱回収後の液化天然ガスを前記液化天然ガスタンクに戻すことを特徴とする空気分離装置の運転方法。
- 前記冷熱回収後の液化天然ガスを液化天然ガスタンクに戻す前に、窒素循環冷却機構で発生する寒冷を利用して冷却することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空気分離装置の運転方法。
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TW093131546A TWI270644B (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-18 | Air separator and operating method thereof |
KR1020040086496A KR100618735B1 (ko) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-28 | 공기 분리 장치 및 그 운전 방법 |
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US7552599B2 (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2009-06-30 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Air separation process utilizing refrigeration extracted from LNG for production of liquid oxygen |
US20080190352A1 (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2008-08-14 | Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. | Lng tank ship and operation thereof |
US7644676B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2010-01-12 | Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. | Storage tank containing liquefied natural gas with butane |
KR20090107805A (ko) | 2008-04-10 | 2009-10-14 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 천연가스 발열량 저감방법 및 장치 |
CN101839612B (zh) * | 2010-04-06 | 2012-05-02 | 浙江大学 | 基于lng卫星站冷能利用的倒灌式空气分离系统及方法 |
KR101051306B1 (ko) * | 2010-10-05 | 2011-07-22 | 한국기계연구원 | 압축공기저장 발전시스템 |
CA2840723C (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2019-10-01 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Natural gas liquefaction process |
CN102705705A (zh) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-03 | 天津华迈燃气装备股份有限公司 | 一种用于冷库的无相变lng冷能利用装置 |
CN104019628B (zh) * | 2014-05-14 | 2016-04-13 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | 使空分系统在lng冷能供应中断期间连续运行的方法 |
CN105466154B (zh) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-12-15 | 七台河宝泰隆煤化工股份有限公司 | 一种空分工艺方法 |
JP7266026B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-14 | 2023-04-27 | チャート・エナジー・アンド・ケミカルズ,インコーポレーテッド | 混合冷媒凝縮器の出口マニフォルド分離器 |
CN110319651A (zh) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-11 | 舒伟 | 一种基于冷能循环的天然气集运系统及集运方法 |
CN109140903B (zh) * | 2018-08-24 | 2024-01-09 | 邢仁钊 | 一种利用液化天然气冷能的空分系统及空气分离方法 |
JP7379763B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-25 | 2023-11-15 | レール・リキード-ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | ガス液化方法およびガス液化装置 |
CN114992505B (zh) * | 2022-05-05 | 2024-07-09 | 上海纳萨实业发展有限公司 | 一种智能液氮罐 |
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KR20050041916A (ko) | 2005-05-04 |
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