JP4264004B2 - NOx低放出の改良型バーナーシステム - Google Patents
NOx低放出の改良型バーナーシステム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 161
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 97
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 168
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 147
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 H 2 Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/008—Flow control devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
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- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
- F23D14/08—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with axial outlets at the burner head
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- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/125—Radiant burners heating a wall surface to incandescence
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
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- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/66—Preheating the combustion air or gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
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- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/68—Treating the combustion air or gas, e.g. by filtering, or moistening
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/002—Supplying water
- F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
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- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
- F23M5/025—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used specially adapted for burner openings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
- F23C2202/10—Premixing fluegas with fuel and combustion air
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- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
- F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00011—Burner with means for propagating the flames along a wall surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Description
(1)火炎温度
(2)高温度帯における燃焼ガスの滞留時間
(3)酸素の過剰供給
NOx形成速度は火炎温度が上昇するにつれて増える。しかしながら、反応は時間を要するものであり、所定の温度における非常に短い時間の窒素と酸素の混合は、より低い温度でのより長い時間の同じ混合よりもNOxの産生を低減する。
3,849は火炎ホルダ内に斜めに突出した点火装置の使用を開示する。
FGR比は以下のように定められる。
FGR比(%)=100[G/(F+A)]
ここで、Gはベンチュリ管の中に引っ張られた燃焼排ガス(lb)、Fはバーナー内で燃焼した燃料(lb)、Aはバーナー内に引っ張られた空気(lb)である。
(a)一次空気室と、
(b)上流端と、下流端と、該上流端と下流端の中間に位置するベンチュリ管とを含むバーナー管であって、前述のベンチュリ管は、実質的に一定の断面内寸法を有するのど部を備え、該のど部の長さ対最大断面内寸法の比が少なくとも3であるバーナー管と、
(c) 炉の第1開口に隣接して前述のバーナー管の下流端に設けられたバーナー先端であって、燃料の燃焼が前述のバーナー先端の下流において生じるバーナー先端と、
(d) 前述のバーナー管の上流端に隣接して位置し燃料を前述のバーナー管の中に導入する燃料オリフィスとを、
含んでなる。
(a) 上流端と、下流端と、該上流端と下流端の中間に配設されたベンチュリ管とを有するバーナー管であって、該ベンチュリ管は実質的に一定の断面内寸法を有するのど部であって、該のど部の長さ対最大断面内寸法の比が少なくとも3であるバーナー管と、
(b) 炉の第1開口に隣接したバーナー先端であって、前述のバーナー先端の下流において燃料の燃焼が生じるバーナー先端と、
(c) 炉の第1開口に隣接した点火室と、
(d) 前述の点火室の中に置かれたときに、点火室を実質的に満たすのに有効な形状を有する着脱自在な点火室プラグとを、
含んでなる。
(a)縦軸と、下流端と、燃料と空気、燃焼排ガスまたは空気と燃焼排ガスの混合物を受ける上流端とを有するバーナー管と、
(b) 前述のバーナー管の上流端に隣接して位置し燃料を前述のバーナー管の中に導入する燃料オリフィスと、
(c) 前述の燃料オリフィスをセンタリングして前述のバーナー管と一直線上に配置するセンタリングプレートであって、前述の一次空気室からの流れを通すために孔空きであるセンタリングプレートを含む手段と、
(d) 炉の第1開口に隣接して前述のバーナー管の下流端に設けられたバーナー先端であって、前述のバーナー管の縦軸と実質的に一直線上に並んだ複数のメインポートと、複数の周囲に配設されたサイドポートとを有するバーナー先端と、
(e) 前述のバーナー先端の周囲を囲む周囲タイルであって、前述のバーナー先端の外周と前述の周囲タイルの間に少なくとも1つのギャップを提供し、この少なくとも1つのギャップは燃焼のための空気の一部を提供するのに有効である周囲タイルとを、
含んでなり、前述の周囲に配設されたサイドポートから燃焼の間に排出される燃料の量が燃焼される合計燃料の15%を超えないものである。
T(登録商標)と、Organically Bound Maftec(登録商標)(OBM Maftec(登録商標))を含むが、これらに限定されるものではない。OBM Maftec(登録商標)が望ましいことがわかった。なぜならば、それは高温に露出された後にもよりよく持ちこたえたからである。OBM Maftec(登録商標)は高品質のムライト繊維から生産される。この材料は低熱伝導率と蓄熱性を有することが知られており、また、熱衝撃と薬品侵食に対する抵抗力を有する。その材料はまた大きな可撓性を有し、1590℃(2900°F)の最大温度定格及び最大で1480℃(2700°F)の連続使用限度を有し、これらの性質はその材料をここで使用することを理想的にしている。
以下の実施例は本発明の新規なベンチュリ管から生じる利点を説明する。
本発明の利点を示すために、30%のH2/70%の天然ガスを含む燃料ガスを使用して水蒸気噴射なしで米国特許5,092,761(米国特許5,092,761の図5に示されるように)で説明されるタイプの対のプリミックスバーナーを1バーナーあたり1760kJ/s(6MMBTU/h)の燃焼速度で運転した。このテストの間に、88ppmのNOx放出量が測定された。
この実施例では、図1−5、6B、7B、9A、10B、および12Aに示す特徴を用いた対のプリミックスバーナーがテストされた。バーナーは燃焼排ガス再循環を使い、30%のH2/70%の天然ガスを含む燃料ガスを使用して水蒸気噴射なしで、1バーナー当たり1760kJ/s(6MMBTU/h)の燃焼速度で運転された。このテストの間に42ppmのNOx放出量が測定された。非常に安定した火炎が観測された。
Claims (16)
- 炉内において燃料を燃焼させるバーナー(10)であって、
(a)一次空気室(26)と、
(b)上流端(16)、下流端(18)及び該上流端と下流端の間に位置するベンチュリ管(19)を有するバーナー管(12)であって、前記ベンチュリ管はほぼ一定の内断面を有するのど部(19a)を備え、該のど部の長さ対最大断面内寸法の比は少なくとも3であり、前記上流端(16)は前記一次空気室(26)と連通する、バーナー管(12)と、
(c)前記バーナー管(12)の前記下流端(18)に設けられたバーナー先端(20)であって、前記燃料の燃焼がバーナー先端(20)の下流で生じるバーナー先端(20)と、
(d)前記バーナー管(12)の前記上流端(16)に位置して燃料を前記バーナー管(12)内に導く燃料オリフィス(11)と、
(e)第1端部と、前記バーナー管(12)の前記上流端(16)に隣接する第2端部を有する少なくとも1つの流路(76)であって、前記第1端部は前記炉内と連通し、前記第2端部は前記一次空気室(26)と連通する、少なくとも1つの流路(76)と、
(f)前記燃料オリフィス(11)から出て前記バーナー管(12)の前記上流端(16)から下流端(18)へと前記バーナー管内を流れる未燃焼の燃料の吸引効果に応答して、前記炉から燃焼排ガスを引っ張って前記少なくとも1つの流路(76)へ流す手段とを、
含んでなり、前記バーナー先端(20)はその外面(569,669)の下流において燃料の燃焼が生じるように前記外面(569,669)に複数のメインポート(564,664)を有し、該複数のメインポート(564,664)の数及び寸法は、該複数のメインポートの合計面積が単位KJ/S当たり少なくとも2.2mm2(MMBtu/h当たり1in2)のバーナー容量となるものであるバーナー。 - 請求項1のバーナー(10)であって、さらに、
(g)前記バーナー管(12)と一直線上になるように前記燃料オリフィス(11)をセンタリングするセンタリングプレート(160)であって、前記一次空気室からの流れが該センタリングプレートを通過できるように孔空きであるセンタリングプレート(160)を
含んでなるバーナー。 - 請求項1又は2のバーナー(10)であって、さらに、
(i)前記バーナー管(12)の前記上流端(16)に隣接して配設され燃料を前記バーナー管(12)内に導く燃料スパッド(24,424)を
含んでなるバーナー。 - 請求項3のバーナーであって、
前記燃料スパッド(24,424)は、前記燃料スパッド(24,424)に隣接して生ずる流れの分離と渦巻きを減少するために先細形状である、バーナー。 - 請求項1又は2のバーナー(10)であって、前記少なくとも1つの流路(76)は10%を超える合計FGR比(燃焼排ガス重量の燃料重量と空気重量の合計に対する比)を達成するのに十分な断面積と形状を備えるバーナー。
- 前記少なくとも1つの流路(76)の断面はほぼ長方形である請求項5のバーナー(10)。
- 前記少なくとも1つの流路(76)の断面積は、単位KJ/s当たり11mm2乃至26mm2(MMBtu/h当たり5in2乃至12in2)の範囲のバーナー容量である請求項5又は6のバーナー(10)。
- 前記少なくとも1つの流路(76)の断面積は大径と、該大径の30%乃至100%の範囲の小径を有する請求項5乃至7のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー(10)。
- 前記バーナー(10)はプレミックスバーナーである請求項1乃至8のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー(10)。
- 前記燃料は燃焼排ガスを含む請求項1乃至9のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー(10)。
- 少なくとも1つの水蒸気噴射管(15)をさらに含んでなる請求項1乃至10のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー(10)。
- 前記外面(569,669)の前記メインポート(564,664)の合計面積は単位KJ/s当たり少なくとも2.6mm2(MMBtu/h当たり1.2in2)のバーナー容量である請求項1乃至11のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー(10)。
- 前記炉の二次空気室(32)に流体連通する少なくとも1つの空気口(30)をさらに含んでなる請求項1乃至12のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー(10)。
- 前記のど部(19a)の長さ対最大断面内寸法比は6.5乃至7.0である請求項1乃至13のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー(10)。
- 前記燃焼排ガスは、燃料の燃焼の前に空気及び前記燃料に混ざる請求項1乃至14のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー(10)。
- 前記バーナー先端は前記炉の床の第1開口に配置され、前記少なくとも1つの流路(76)の前記第1端部は前記炉の床で前記第1開口から横方向に離間する第2開口に位置し、前記少なくとも1つの流路(76)は前記バーナーの内部に位置する請求項15のバーナー(10)。
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US36522402P | 2002-03-16 | 2002-03-16 | |
US36515002P | 2002-03-16 | 2002-03-16 | |
US36522302P | 2002-03-16 | 2002-03-16 | |
US36522702P | 2002-03-16 | 2002-03-16 | |
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JP2005521024A JP2005521024A (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
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EP (1) | EP1495263B1 (ja) |
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US6616442B2 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2003-09-09 | John Zink Company, Llc | Low NOx premix burner apparatus and methods |
-
2003
- 2003-03-14 JP JP2003578823A patent/JP4264004B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-14 AU AU2003225834A patent/AU2003225834A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-14 US US10/388,833 patent/US6877980B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-14 WO PCT/US2003/008137 patent/WO2003081132A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-03-14 EP EP03744727.3A patent/EP1495263B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018155735A1 (ko) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-08-30 | 주식회사 수국 | 복합형 저녹스 버너 |
KR20190087592A (ko) * | 2017-02-23 | 2019-07-24 | 주식회사 수국 | 복합형 저녹스 버너 |
KR102230908B1 (ko) * | 2017-02-23 | 2021-03-24 | 주식회사 수국 | 복합형 저녹스 버너 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2003225834A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
US6877980B2 (en) | 2005-04-12 |
WO2003081132A3 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
JP2005521024A (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
EP1495263B1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
US20040018461A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
EP1495263A2 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
WO2003081132A2 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
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