JP4227224B2 - Small passenger farm work vehicle - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a small passenger agricultural work vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there is a foil-type small passenger farm vehicle, which is used in small-scale agriculture.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the small passenger farm vehicle is grounded only by the left and right front and rear wheels, there is a problem that the running performance is not good in a soft field such as a wet field.
[0004]
In addition, because of the small size of the aircraft, the seats where workers sit and the weight increases significantly, and the arrangement of heavy engines and transmissions become cramped. There are problems such as obstacles.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in the present invention, the front idler wheels (11) and ( 11a ) are pivotally supported at the front ends of the left and right vertical frames (7a) and (7b ) , and the rear idler wheels (12) and ( 12a) are pivotally supported at the rear ends . front and rear idler wheels (11, 12), (11 a, 12 b) and, a plurality of driven wheels (13) be disposed between the front and rear idler wheels, one of the idler wheel side between the front and rear idler wheels comprising a sprocket (14a) (14 b) and the crawler (15a) (15 b) left and right traveling devices formed by winding (1a) (1b) provided in upper part of the biasing, the left and right traveling devices ( 1a) (to No設a body frame (5) above the 1b), the vehicle body in the left and right traveling devices (1a) (1b crawler) (15a) (15 b) of the ground plane before and after the width (WB) in the seat (22) and the sprocket (14a) (14 b) to the power transmission to the transmission (24) small passenger agricultural vehicle configured by mounting the like of the operation unit (3) to the frame (5), the left and right traveling devices (1a) (1b ) left and right vertical frames ( 7a) and (7b), a top portion is narrower than the inner width of the left and right crawlers (15a) (15 b), the inside width of the leg subordinates end depending from opposite ends of the upper surface portion left vertical frame (7a) (7b) The traveling frame (9) of the traveling device (1a) (1b ) is composed by connecting with a plurality of portal frames (8a) (8b) opened downward and extending downward so as to substantially match Struts (17a) erected on left and right side members (16a) (16b) by extending left and right side members (16a) ( 16b) in the front-rear direction on the upper surface of the frame (8a) (8b ) through (17b) attached to the upper frame (18) to form a frame-shaped body frame (5), said sprocket (14a) (14 b) in its entirety substantially said gate-shaped frame (8a) (8b) while arranged so as to be positioned above the upper surface, the transmission (24) for power transmission to the sprocket (14a) (14 b) is either one of said sprocket (14a) (14 b) and the front and rear idler wheel Does not provide a compact passenger agricultural vehicle, characterized in that in the idle wheel winding takes long oblique winding portion side of the crawler between are arranged in the front-rear direction horizontally next to the side portion of the sprocket (14a) (14 b) It is what.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
[0007]
The left and right vertical frames are arranged to extend in the front-rear direction, and the front and rear parts of the left and right vertical frames are connected by front and rear gate-type frames with a substantially U-shaped opening in front view, respectively. The crawler is wound around the outer periphery of the front and rear idler wheels arranged at the front and rear ends of the left and right vertical frame, the plurality of rolling wheels arranged on the lower surface of the frame, and the drive sprocket arranged above the frame. , Forming a traveling portion having a crawler type left and right traveling device, mounting a vehicle body frame above the traveling portion, disposing a steering wheel at the front end of the vehicle body frame, and a predetermined rear of the steering wheel The seats are arranged at intervals, the engine is placed close to the rear of the seat, the transmission is placed close to the lower part of the engine, and the weight is greatly increased by the operator's seating By placing the increasing number of seats and heavy engines and transmissions in a concentrated manner within the front and rear width of the ground contact surface of the crawler type traveling device, the front and rear weight balance of the fuselage is improved, and the performance in wet fields is improved. The turning performance is improved.
[0008]
In addition, the front idler wheel is positioned higher than the foremost rolling wheel, and the front end of each crawler is formed with a front and rear angle of attack, combined with a traveling unit frame having a large minimum ground clearance. It is designed to improve the driving performance in the wet fields and over the steps such as firewood.
[0009]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
FIG. 1 shows a small riding farm vehicle A according to the present invention. The tractor A is provided above a traveling unit 2 equipped with crawler-type left and right traveling devices 1a and 1b, a driving unit 3, a motor unit 4 and the like. Is mounted, and a rotary tiller 6 as an agricultural working machine is connected to a rear end portion of the body frame 5.
[0011]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the traveling unit 2 is arranged by extending a pair of left and right vertical frames 7a and 7b in the front-rear direction, and the front and rear parts of the left and right vertical frames 7a and 7b are arranged with a lower opening. The front and rear portal frames 8a and 8b are connected to form a traveling unit frame 9. The left and right front idle wheels 11 and 12 are pivotally supported at the front ends of the left and right vertical frames 7a and 7b via tensioners 10, respectively. The left and right rear idler wheels 12a and 12b are pivotally supported on the rear ends of the left and right vertical frames 7a and 7b, respectively, and the plurality of rolling wheels 13 are pivotally supported on the lower surfaces of the left and right vertical frames 7a and 7b. Left and right sprockets 14a and 14b are pivotally supported above the vertical frames 7a and 7b, respectively, and left and right crawlers 15a and 15b are respectively arranged on the outer circumferences of the front and rear idle wheels 11 and 12, the plurality of rolling wheels 13 and the left and right sprockets 14a and 14b. The left and right traveling devices 1a and 1b are configured.
[0012]
In particular, in this embodiment, the front and rear portal frames 8a and 8b are used to connect the left and right vertical frames 7a and 7b, and the minimum ground clearance is increased to improve the running performance on the field. Since the work machine is connected to the rear side of the agricultural work vehicle A, the front idler wheel 11 is mounted at a position higher than the foremost rolling wheel 13 and is about 21 degrees at the front ends of the left and right crawlers 15a and 15b. The angle of attack α is formed to improve running performance when oversteps such as kites.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the vehicle body frame 5 is constructed by extending left and right side members 16a and 16b extending in the front-rear direction on the upper surfaces of the front and rear portal frames 8a and 8b, and the front and rear ends of the left and right side members 16a and 16b. The front and rear struts 17a and 17b are respectively erected at the center, and the round pipe is refracted to form an upper frame 18 that is substantially U-shaped in the rear opening in a plan view and inclined to the front low and rear height in a side view. The upper frame 18 is installed on the upper ends of the front and rear support columns 17a and 17b to form a frame-shaped body frame 5.
[0014]
A steering wheel 21 is erected at the front end of the vehicle body frame 5, and a seat 22 is arranged behind the steering wheel 21 at a predetermined interval to constitute the driving unit 3. 23, and a transmission 24 is arranged below the engine 23 to constitute the prime mover unit 4. The left and right sprockets 14a, 14b are located outside the left and right drive shafts 25a, 25b protruding from the transmission 24 to the left and right sides. Each end is fitted. In the figure, 26 is a vehicle body cover, 27 is a battery, 28 is a fuel tank, and 29 is a shift lever.
[0015]
In particular, the seat 22 where the driver sits and the weight increases significantly, and the engine 23 and the transmission 24, which are heavy in weight, are placed on the inner side of the ground contact surface WB, that is, with the foremost rolling wheel 13 and the rear idler of the traveling unit 2. Arranged above the wheel 12, the front and rear weight balance of the small riding agricultural work vehicle A is improved, and the stability of the vehicle body against the front and rear inclination is enhanced.
[0016]
In addition, heavy objects such as the battery 27 and the fuel tank 28 are also arranged above the foremost rolling wheel 13 and the rear idler wheel 12 to further improve the stability of the vehicle body against the forward and backward inclination.
[0017]
The rotary tiller 6 is connected via a three-point link mechanism 30 provided at the rear part of the vehicle body frame 5, and the rotary tiller is driven by a lifting hydraulic cylinder 32 interposed between the vehicle body frame 5 and the top link 31. The power from the engine 23 is transmitted to the rotary tiller 35 via the work machine drive shaft 33 and the belt transmission mechanism 34.
[0018]
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment in which the operating portion 3 and the engine 23 are disposed in the same position as described above, but the transmission 24 is disposed below the seat 22. It differs from the previous embodiment in that it is disposed behind the left and right vertical frames 7a, 7b to pivotally support the rear idler wheel 12 and pivotally support the front idler wheel 11 via a bracket 36.
[0019]
In this embodiment as well, heavy objects such as the seat 22, the engine 23, the transmission 24, the battery 27, and the fuel tank 28 are disposed on the inner upper side of the ground contact surface WB to enhance stability.
[0020]
5 to 8 show a first embodiment of the transmission 24. The first to ninth shafts 41 to 49 are supported in parallel inside the transmission case 40 and moved forward in the middle of the first shaft 41. The input side of the clutch 50a is fitted, the end of the first shaft 41 is loosely fitted in the middle of the second shaft 42 via the first meshing gear 51, and the lifting side hydraulic pressure 50a, 50b It is linked to the pump 52, and the output side of the forward clutch 50a and the second shaft 42, which is the output side of the reverse clutch 50b, are linked to the third shaft 43 via the second meshing gear 53 to move forward and backward. The power transmission of the clutches 50a, 50b can be exclusively selected to enable forward / reverse switching in the driving direction.
[0021]
The third shaft 43 is linked to an input shaft 55 of a steering hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (hereinafter referred to as HST) 54 and is connected to an input shaft of the main transmission unit 57 via a third meshing gear 56. It is linked to the fourth shaft 44, and a slider 60 in which dogs 58, 58 at both ends and a second speed driving gear 59 at the center are integrally formed on the fourth shaft 44 is slidable in the axial direction. While being non-rotatably fitted, first and third speed meshing gears 61 and 62 of always meshing type are interposed between the fourth shaft 44 and the fifth shaft 45 which is the output shaft of the main transmission 57. In addition, a sliding mesh type second speed passive gear 63 is fitted to the fifth shaft 45 so that the output rotational speed of the main transmission unit 57 can be switched in three stages by sliding of the slider 60.
[0022]
A sub-transmission unit 64 is connected to the main transmission unit 57 in series. The sub-transmission unit 64 is interposed between the fifth shaft 45 and the sixth shaft 46 that is the output shaft of the sub-transmission unit 64. The output rotational speed of the subtransmission unit 64 is sandwiched between the neutral position by the sliding of the slider 67 that is inserted in the sixth shaft 46 so as to be axially slidable and non-rotatable. The speed can be changed in two stages, high and low.
[0023]
In this way, the forward / reverse clutches 50a, 50b, the three-speed shift main transmission 57 and the two-speed shift sub-transmission 64 are linked in series. Six stages of shifting operations are possible.
[0024]
The sixth shaft 46 is interlocked and connected to the seventh shaft 47 via a chain interlocking mechanism 68, and left and right sun gears 69 a and 69 b fitted to the left and right ends of the seventh shaft 47, respectively, Left and right cages 70a and 70b connected to left and right drive shafts 25a and 25b arranged with the same axis line, a plurality of left and right planetary gears 71a and 71b respectively attached to the left and right cages 70a and 70b, and the output shaft of the HST 54 The left and right planetary gear mechanisms 74a and 74b are composed of left and right ring gears 73a and 73b linked to 72, and the left and right planetary gear mechanisms 74a and 74b are mechanical straight ahead composed of the gear-type transmission and the meshing gear described above. The rotational power transmitted to the left and right sun gears 69a and 69b by the power transmission system M and the rotational power transmitted from the HST 54 of the turning power transmission system H described later to the left and right ring gears 73a and 73b are respectively synthesized. Left and right through left and right planetary gears 71a and 71b and left and right cages 70a and 70b. The signals are individually transmitted to the left and right sprockets 14a and 14b fitted to the right drive shafts 25a and 25b.
[0025]
The output shaft 72 of the HST 54 is provided with a forward / reverse rotation division mechanism 75 that transmits the rotational speed of the output shaft 72 to the left and right ring gears 73a and 73b in a complementary manner. The eighth shaft 48 is linked to the output shaft 72 of the HST 54 via the reduction gear group 76, and the eighth shaft 48 is linked to the ninth shaft 49 via the first intermediate meshing gear 77. Left and right output gears 78a and 78b are fitted to the left and right ends of 49, respectively, and the left output gear 78a and the left ring gear 73a are interlocked and connected via two idle gears 79 and 79 arranged in series. The output gear 78b and the right ring gear 73b are interlocked and connected via one idle gear 79, and the absolute value of the rotational speed is the same, but the left ring gear 73a rotates in the same direction as the ninth shaft 49, The ring gear 73b is transmitted with rotation in the direction opposite to that of the ninth shaft 49.
[0026]
Then, one end of the first shaft 41 as an input shaft of the transmission 24 is projected from the side surface of the transmission case 40, and the projecting end and the engine output shaft 80 are coupled to each other via the belt mechanism 34, while the steering wheel 21 is interlocked and connected to the speed change operation part 104 (see FIG. 11) of the HST 54, and the speed ratio of the HST 54 is changed in a forward and reverse stepless manner according to the turning operation of the steering wheel 21.
5, 81 is a rotary shaft, 82 is a tilling claw, 83 and 84 are chain transmission mechanisms, 85a and 85b are shifters of the forward / reverse clutches 50a and 50b, 86 is a shifter of the main transmission 57, Reference numeral 87 denotes a shifter of the auxiliary transmission unit 64, and reference numeral 88 denotes a meshing bevel gear for taking out power to the outside.
[0027]
With this configuration, the power from the engine 23 is shifted in six stages in the front and rear and transmitted to the left and right traveling devices 1a and 1b of the traveling unit, and the output rotation speed of the HST 54 is changed according to the operation angle of the steering wheel 21, By changing the driving speeds of the traveling devices 1a and 1b, the small riding agricultural work vehicle A can be turned in the direction in which the driving speed is reduced.
[0028]
In particular, in this embodiment, since the input shaft 55 of the HST 54 is interlocked with the output side of the forward / reverse clutch 50b, the HST 54 is switched simultaneously with the switching of the forward / rearward clutches 50a and 50b without operating the steering wheel 21. The output rotation direction of the steering wheel 21 is switched, the operation direction of the steering wheel 21 and the turning direction of the small riding farm vehicle A maintain a fixed relationship, and the turning operation can be performed with a feeling almost similar to the steering operation of the wheel type vehicle. It can be carried out.
[0029]
FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the transmission 24. In this embodiment, the input shaft 55 of the HST 54 is interlocked with the engine 23 without using the forward / reverse clutches 50a, 50b. Instead, a forward / reverse switching mechanism 90 is provided between the eighth shaft 48 and the ninth shaft 49 to switch between the forward / reverse switching mechanism 90 and the forward / reverse clutches 50a, 50b. By interlocking and switching the rotation direction of the power transmitted to the left and right ring gears 73a and 73b, the operation direction of the steering wheel 21 and the turning direction of the small riding farm vehicle A are maintained in a certain relationship.
[0030]
That is, the first shaft 41 and the input shaft 55 of the HST 54 are interlocked and connected via the first meshing gear 91, and left and right driving gears 92a and 92b are fitted to the left and right sides of the eighth shaft 48, respectively. The gear 92a and the left passive gear 93a loosely fitted to the ninth shaft 49 are interlocked and connected via two idle gears 79 and 79 arranged in series, and loosely fitted to the right driving gear 92b and the ninth shaft 49. The right passive gear 93b is interlocked with one idle gear 79, and a slider 94 having dogs 58 and 58 formed on the left and right ends respectively on the ninth shaft 49 is slidable in the axial direction. The outer part is immovably fitted, and the rotational direction of the power transmitted to the left and right sun gears 69a and 69b is switched by the sliding of the slider 94. The rest of the configuration is substantially the same as in the first embodiment.
[0031]
FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the operating angle of the steering wheel 21, that is, the output rotation speed of the HST 54, and the driving speeds of the left and right traveling apparatuses 1a and 1b. The horizontal axis indicates the output rotation speed of HST54. Each solid line indicates the driving speed at the first speed to the sixth speed of one crawler type traveling device from the bottom, and each broken line indicates the other crawler type from the bottom. The driving speed of the traveling device at the first speed to the sixth speed is shown, and in the lower hatched portion h, the driving speed of the slower crawler traveling apparatus transitions from zero to the direction opposite to the traveling speed of the aircraft. Further, the size of the arrow in the lower frame indicates the driving speed of the left and right traveling devices 1a and 1b.
[0032]
In this embodiment, even if the relationship between the operation angle of the steering wheel 21 and the gear ratio of the HST 54 is limited and the steering wheel 21 is rotated to the maximum operation angle θ1, the third speed to the sixth speed In traveling, the sign of the driving drive speed vector of the left traveling apparatus 1a is the same as the sign of the traveling drive speed vector of the right traveling apparatus 1b, and no pivot turn or spin turn is possible, and only normal turning is possible. In the second speed traveling, the slower crawler traveling device becomes zero, and the pivot tanning is possible but the spin turn cannot be performed. In the first speed traveling, the traveling driving speed of the left traveling device 1a is The sign of the vector and the sign of the vector of the traveling drive speed of the right traveling device 1b can be made different to enable pivot tanning and spin turn, and the steering wheel 21 can be turned into an angle that is about 1/2 of the maximum operating angle θ1. In the case of the second to sixth speed travel, the sign of the travel drive speed vector of the left travel apparatus 1a and the sign of the travel drive speed vector of the right travel apparatus 1b are the same in the second to sixth speed traveling. Therefore, only normal turning is possible, and in the first speed traveling, the slower crawler type traveling device becomes zero and the pivot tanning is possible, but the spin turn cannot be performed.
[0033]
In this way, when driving at high speeds from the third speed to the sixth speed, even if the steering wheel 21 is fully operated, sudden turning is prevented, so safety during turning is ensured, and for work, etc. When traveling at a low speed in the first or second speed, the work efficiency can be improved by performing a pivot turn or a spin turn.
[0034]
FIG. 11 shows a hydraulic circuit. The discharge side of the lifting hydraulic pump 52 is connected to a hydraulic circuit inside the HST 54, and the lifting hydraulic pump 52 is also used as a charge pump for the HST 54. In the figure, 100 is a hydraulic valve for raising and lowering control, 101 is a relief valve, 102 and 103 are hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors in the HST 54, 104 is a speed change operation unit, 105 is a check valve, and 106 is a throttle valve.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0039]
In the present invention, the front idler wheels (11) and ( 11a ) are pivotally supported at the front ends of the left and right vertical frames (7a) and (7b ) , and the rear idler wheels (12) and ( 12a) are pivotally supported at the rear ends . idler wheel (11, 12), and (11 a, 12 b), a plurality of driven wheels (13) be disposed between the front and rear idler wheels, polarized either one of the idler wheel side between the front and rear idler wheels sprocket provided at nearest the upper part (14a) (14 b) and the crawler (15a) (15 b) left and right traveling devices formed by winding (1a) provided with (1b), the left and right traveling devices (1a) and No設a body frame (5) above the (1b), the vehicle body frame in the left and right traveling devices (1a) (1b) crawler (15a) (15 b) of the ground plane before and after the width (WB) ( in the seat (22) and the sprocket (14a) (14 b) to the power transmission to the transmission (24) small passenger agricultural vehicle configured by mounting the like of the operation unit 5) (3), the left and right traveling devices (1a ) (vertical frame left and right 1b) (7a) (7b) , A top portion is narrower than the inner width of the left and right crawlers (15a) (15 b), so that the leg bottom extending downward from both ends of the upper surface portion substantially matches the internal width of the right and left vertical frame (7a) (7b) compositionally the down apertured plurality of portal frames (8a) running device coupled with (8b) (1a) running portion frame (1b) (9) downward divergence, the portal frame (8a) (8b ) The left and right side members (16a) ( 16b) are extended in the front-rear direction and installed on the upper surface of the left and right side members (16a) (16b) through the columns (17a) (17b ). Install a frame (18) to form a frame-shaped body frame (5), said sprocket (14a) (14 b) is located above the upper surface of the entire substantially said gate-shaped frame (8a) (8b) while arranged to, sprockets (14a) (14 b) transmission (24) for power transmission, said sprocket (14a) (14 b) and one of the idler wheels of the front and rear idler wheel By arranged in the longitudinal direction Horizontal lateral side portion of the long oblique side winding portion side of the winding takes crawler sprocket (14a) (14 b) in between, the front and rear weight balance of the aircraft is improved, the stability of the aircraft As a result, it is possible to improve the running performance in wet fields and increase the minimum ground clearance of the aircraft and improve the running performance in wet fields and rough terrain .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a small passenger farm vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a traveling unit.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a traveling unit.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a small passenger farm vehicle according to another embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a power transmission system diagram (first embodiment).
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of a transmission (first embodiment).
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view of a transmission showing a straight power transmission system (first embodiment).
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional plan view of a transmission showing a turning power transmission system (first embodiment).
FIG. 9 is a power transmission system diagram (second embodiment).
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the driving speed of the left and right traveling device and the HST output rotation speed.
FIG. 11 is a hydraulic circuit diagram.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Small passenger farm vehicle (agricultural tractor)
WB Ground plane α Angle of attack
1a, 1b Crawler type traveling device
7a, 7b Left and right vertical frame
8a, 8b Front / rear portal frame 9 Traveling frame
22 seats
23 Engine
24 Transmission

Claims (1)

Left and right vertical frame (7a) (7b) before idler wheel on each of the front end (11) (11 a), and pivotally supports the rear idler wheel (12) (12 a) at the rear end, front and rear idler wheels (11 , 12), (11 a, 12 b) and, a plurality of driven wheels (13) be disposed between the front and rear idler wheels, the upper portion and biasing either one of the idler wheel side between the front and rear idler wheels sprocket provided on the (14a) (14 b) and the crawler (15a) (15 b) left and right traveling devices formed by winding (1a) provided with (1b), the left and right traveling devices (1a) (1b) and No設a body frame (5) upwards, drive to the left and right traveling devices (1a) crawler (1b) (15a) (15 b) of the body frame before and after the width of the ground plane (WB) (5) part (3) of the seat (22) and the sprocket (14a) in (14 b) to the power transmission to the transmission (24) small passenger agricultural vehicle configured by mounting the like, the left and right traveling devices (1a) (1b) the left and right vertical frames (7a) (7b), the upper surface A narrow than the inner width of the right crawler (15a) (15 b), a downward downward spread so that leg lower end extending downward from both ends of the upper surface portion substantially matches the internal width of the right and left vertical frame (7a) (7b) the upper surface of the opening is a plurality of portal frames (8a) running device coupled with (8b) (1a) and the composition of the traveling section frame (9) of (1b), the portal frames (8a) (8b) The left and right side members (16a) ( 16b) are extended in the front-rear direction and installed, and the upper frame (18 ) is inserted through the columns (17a) and (17b ) that are erected on the left and right side members (16a) and (16b ). the attachment to form a frame-shaped body frame (5), said sprocket (14a) (14 b) is distribution as whole substantially is positioned above the top surface of the gate-shaped frame (8a) (8b) as well as setting a sprocket (14a) transmission (24) for power transmission to (14 b) is applied wound between the sprockets (14a) (14 b) and one of the idler wheels of the front and rear idler wheel Small passenger agricultural vehicle, characterized in that the long oblique side winding portion side of the crawler are arranged in the front-rear direction horizontally next to the side portion of the sprocket (14a) (14 b).

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