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JP4214326B2 - Water treatment equipment - Google Patents

Water treatment equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4214326B2
JP4214326B2 JP14324198A JP14324198A JP4214326B2 JP 4214326 B2 JP4214326 B2 JP 4214326B2 JP 14324198 A JP14324198 A JP 14324198A JP 14324198 A JP14324198 A JP 14324198A JP 4214326 B2 JP4214326 B2 JP 4214326B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
iron metal
metal particles
water
packed bed
water treatment
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JP14324198A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11333472A (en
Inventor
洋 黒部
伸 保土沢
英佑 岡田
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Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、水処理装置に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、鉄金属粒子の充填層に通水して水中の不純物を還元処理する水処理装置であって、充填した鉄金属粒子がブロック状の塊を形成することを防止することができる水処理装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
石炭又は石油を燃焼した際に発生する排ガスの脱硫装置などから排出される排水は、重金属類、非金属類などの種々の有害物質を含有するので、排水よりこれらの有害物質を除去する必要がある。排水にペルオキソ硫酸、ヨウ素酸、セレン酸、硝酸などが含まれている場合は、これらの有害物質を含む排水のpHを5以下に調整して鉄金属と接触させたのち、凝集処理及び固液分離を行うことにより、排水中のペルオキソ硫酸、ヨウ素酸、セレン酸、硝酸などが溶出した2価の鉄イオンによって還元され、さらに、凝集処理により水中に溶解している鉄イオンを水不溶性の水酸化鉄として沈殿させるとき、重金属、フッ素などの有害物質も同時に効率的に除去される。
排水を鉄金属と接触させる装置としては、反応槽において排水に鉄金属微粒子を添加して撹拌する撹拌接触装置と、排水を鉄金属粒子の充填層に通水する通水接触装置が知られている。撹拌接触装置は、充填層の洗浄操作は不要であるが、還元反応が十分でなく、排水中の有害物質の除去が通水接触装置にくらべて劣る上に、鉄金属微粒子の添加量や、鉄金属微粒子を均一に分散させるための撹拌強度を管理したり、分散した鉄金属微粒子の流出を防止するなど、運転管理上の問題が多い。これに対して、鉄金属粒子の充填層に通水する通水接触装置は、運転管理が比較的容易であり、通水初期には排水中の有害物質が効率的に除去されるが、長時間通水を続けると鉄金属粒子の表面に汚染物質が付着したり、鉄金属粒子がブロック状の塊を形成したりして、排水処理効率が低下するという問題がある。
本発明者らは、先に特開平9−262592号公報において、鉄金属粒子の逸失のおそれがなく、運転管理が容易な水処理装置として、水導入口及び処理水排出口を有し、その間に鉄金属粒子の充填層を形成した反応槽であって、充填層下部に磁石を配置してなる水処理装置を提案した。この水処理装置により、排水処理を安定して行うことが可能となったが、排水中に硝酸性窒素が高濃度に含まれる場合など、排水の水質によっては、処理時に充填層の鉄金属粒子がブロック状の塊を形成するという現象を生じた。鉄金属粒子がブロック状の塊を形成すると排水との接触が不十分となって排水処理のために有効に使用されず、さらに、充填層内に鉄の塊として残留するという問題が生ずる。鉄金属粒子のブロック状の塊は、通常の洗浄方法によっては、ほぐすことができないので、鉄金属粒子が充填層内でブロック状の塊を形成することのない、運転管理が容易な水処理装置が求められていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、鉄金属粒子の充填層に通水して排水中の不純物を還元処理する水処理装置において、排水を鉄金属粒子と接触しても、鉄金属粒子がブロック状の塊を形成することなく、運転管理が容易な水処理装置を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、鉄金属粒子の充填層の下部にストレーナーを配置し、充填層内における水の流れを均一化することにより、鉄金属粒子のブロック状の塊の形成を防止し得ることを見いだし、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)反応槽内の支持板上に鉄金属粒子の充填層を形成してなる水処理装置であって、鉄金属粒子の充填層の支持板の下方に原水導入口を有し、鉄金属粒子の充填層の上方に処理水排出口を有し、支持板に水を通すが鉄金属粒子を通さないストレーナーを設けてなる水処理装置であって、前記ストレーナーが、鉄金属粒子の粒径より直径が大きい孔が該孔の上方で4個の窓を経由して充填層に通じていて、前記孔の上方が鉄金属粒子の安息角以下の角度で遮蔽したものであることを特徴とする水処理装置、及び、
(2)前記ストレーナーが耐酸性材料からなることを特徴とする第(1)項記載の水処理装置、
を提供するものである。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の水処理装置は、排水を鉄金属粒子の充填層に通水して、排水中の不純物を還元処理する水処理に適用することができる。排水を酸性に、好ましくはpHを5以下に調整し、鉄金属と接触させると、鉄金属より次式にしたがって2価の鉄イオンが水中に溶出する。
Fe+2H+ → Fe2++H2
排水中に含まれるペルオキソ硫酸、ヨウ素酸、セレン酸及び硝酸は、それぞれ以下に示す式にしたがって2価の鉄イオンと反応し、還元処理される。
28 2-+2Fe2+ → 2SO4 2-+2Fe3+
2IO3 -+10Fe2++12H+ → I2+10Fe3++6H2
SeO4 2-+6Fe2++8H+ → Se0+6Fe3++4H2
NO3 -+4Fe2++6H+ → NH4 ++4Fe3++O2+H2
さらに、酸化還元電位が−400〜−100mVの場合は、次式にしたがって鉄金属とセレン酸の反応が起こる。
SeO4 2-+3Fe+8H+ → Se0+3Fe2++4H2
このようにして排水中に含まれる不純物を鉄金属と接触して還元処理したのち、還元処理水にアルカリ剤を添加してpHを7以上とすると、水中の鉄イオンは、例えば、下記の式のように水不溶性の水酸化鉄となってフロックを形成する。
Fe2++2NaOH → Fe(OH)2+2Na+
Fe3++3NaOH → Fe(OH)3+3Na+
このとき、還元されたセレンのほか、排水中に含まれる重金属類、懸濁物質、フッ素、COD成分なども同時に凝集、沈降して分離することができる。
【0006】
本発明装置において、充填層を形成する鉄金属粒子としては、純鉄、粗鋼、合金鋼、その他の鉄合金などの粒子を挙げることができる。鉄金属が鉄合金であるときは、鉄の含有率が85重量%以上であることが好ましい。
排水を鉄金属粒子を充填したカラムなど、鉄金属粒子の充填層に通水することにより、排水と鉄金属粒子の接触を効率的に行うことができる。しかし、鉄金属粒子の充填層に排水の通水を続けると、鉄金属粒子がブロック状の塊を形成する場合がある。鉄金属粒子のブロック状の塊の形成は、排水中に硝酸性窒素が高濃度に含まれる場合には特に著しい。
本発明装置は、反応槽内の支持板上に鉄金属粒子の充填層を形成してなる水処理装置であって、鉄金属粒子の充填層の支持板の下方に原水導入口を有し、鉄金属粒子の充填層の上方に処理水排出口を有し、支持板に水を通すが鉄金属粒子を通さないストレーナーを設けてなるものである。支持板に水を通すが鉄金属粒子を通さないストレーナーを設けることにより、充填層内における水の流れが均一化され、鉄金属粒子のブロック状の塊の形成を防止することができる。排水中に硝酸性窒素が含まれる場合は、鉄金属粒子は特にブロック状の塊を形成しやすいが、本発明装置を用いることにより、数百mg/リットル程度の硝酸性窒素を含む排水であっても、鉄金属粒子のブロック状の塊を形成することなく処理することができる。
【0007】
本発明装置において、ストレーナーは、鉄金属粒子の粒径より直径が大きい孔の上方を、鉄金属粒子の安息角以下の角度で遮蔽したものであることが好ましい。図1(a)は、本発明装置に用いるストレーナーの一態様の側面図であり、図1(b)はその中心軸を通る面で切断した断面図であり、図1(c)は、A−A線断面図である。ただし、図1(c)においては、ナットは図示していない。本態様のストレーナーは、ストレーナー本体1が2個のナット2及び3により鉄金属粒子支持板4にあけられた穴に固定される。ストレーナー本体は、鉄金属粒子の粒径より直径が大きい孔5の上方に覆い6を有し、覆いは鉄金属粒子の安息角以下の角度で孔の上方を遮蔽する。本態様のストレーナーにおいては、鉄金属粒子の粒径より直径が大きい孔は、上方で4個の窓7を経由して鉄金属粒子の充填層に通じる。鉄金属粒子との接触により処理される原水は、孔5の下方から入り、4個の窓7を通って鉄金属粒子の充填層に送られる。ストレーナーに鉄金属粒子の粒径より直径の大きい孔を設けることにより、大きい圧力損失を生ずることなく通水することができる。また、原水を4個の窓を通して鉄金属粒子の充填層に通水することにより、水は均一に鉄金属粒子の充填層内を流れ、鉄金属粒子のブロック状の塊を生ずることがない。
【0008】
図1に示す態様のストレーナーにおいて、垂直面内において覆い6の先端と孔5の上部先端を結ぶ直線(図1(b)参照)は、水平面に対して遮蔽角θをなし、遮蔽角θの大きさは鉄金属粒子の安息角以下である。遮蔽角θの大きさを、鉄金属粒子の安息角と等しいか、あるいは安息角よりも小さい角度とすることにより、窓及び孔が鉄金属粒子より大きい場合であっても、鉄金属粒子が窓及び孔を通って下方へ落下することがない。なお、鉄金属粒子の安息角は、処理すべき排水中において測定した値である。水中における鉄金属粒子の安息角は、水から浮力を受けて鉄金属粒子の見かけの密度が小さくなり、濡れることにより鉄金属粒子の表面の摩擦係数が変化するので、通常は空気中における鉄金属粒子の安息角とは異なる値となる。鉄金属粒子の安息角は、処理する排水中において実測することが好ましい。
本発明装置に使用するストレーナーは、耐酸性材料からなることが好ましい。鉄金属粒子と接触処理される排水は、通常はpH5以下として通水されるので、耐酸性材料からなるストレーナーを用いることにより、ストレーナーの劣化や破損のおそれなく、安定して水処理を行うことができる。耐酸性材料に特に制限はなく、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリスチレン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデンなどのフッ素樹脂などを挙げることができる。さらに、水処理装置に高温で通水する場合には、ストレーナーは耐酸性かつ耐熱性の材料からなることが好ましい。
【0009】
図2は、本発明の水処理装置の一態様の説明図である。本態様の水処理装置は、円筒状の反応槽8の底部に排水導入口9が設けられ、頭部に還元処理水の排出口10が設けられている。反応槽の下部にはストレーナー11を備えた鉄金属粒子支持板4が取り付けられ、さらにその上に鉄金属粒子を充填して鉄金属粒子の充填層12が形成される。反応槽の上部には多孔板13が取り付けられ、鉄金属粒子供給口14が設けられる。
図3は、本発明の水処理装置の他の態様の説明図である。本態様の水処理装置は、図2に示す態様の水処理装置の底部に砂利の充填層15を設けたものである。砂利の充填層を設けることにより、万一、ストレーナー11下部より鉄金属粒子の溢流が起こっても溢流量を低減することができる。砂利の充填層を設けた場合には、充填した砂利の鉄金属粒子の充填層への流入を防ぐために、砂利の充填層の上に多孔板16を設けることが好ましい。また、通常はストレーナーの脚部が鉄金属粒子支持板より下方に突出しているので、鉄金属粒子支持板4と多孔板16の間にスペーサー17を設けることが好ましい。
本発明装置において、設置するストレーナーの数に特に制限はないが、鉄金属粒子の粒径が0.3〜0.6mmの場合、鉄金属粒子支持板1m2当たりストレーナー30個程度を設置することにより、安定した水処理を行うことができる。
排水の還元処理においては、酸の添加によりpHを5以下、好ましくはpHを2〜3に調整した排水を排水導入口より供給し、鉄金属粒子の充填層において、排水中に含まれるペルオキソ硫酸、ヨウ素酸、セレン酸、硝酸などの不純物を還元処理する。排水は上向流として導入されるので、還元処理に際して発生する水素ガスは、水流とともに上方へ移動し、反応槽頭部の排出口より排出される。排出口より流出する還元処理水は、さらに凝集沈澱設備に導き、アルカリ剤を添加してpH7以上に調整し、必要に応じてさらに高分子凝集剤などを添加して凝集沈澱処理を行って処理水を得る。
本発明の水処理装置によれば、充填した鉄金属粒子がブロック状の塊を形成することがなく、充填した鉄金属粒子を有効に水処理に利用し、長期間にわたって安定して排水中の不純物の還元処理を行うことができる。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によりなんら限定されるものではない。
実施例1
内径200mm、高さ1000mmのアクリル樹脂製カラム下部に、水導入口を取り付け、その直上にストレーナーを備えた鉄金属粒子支持板を設けた。カラム上部には、鉄金属粒子供給口、多孔板及び還元処理水排出口を設けた。鉄金属粒子支持板上に、粒径0.6mmの均一な球状の鉄金属粒子10リットルを充填して、図2に示す形状の鉄金属粒子の充填層を有するカラムを作製した。
使用したストレーナーは、図1に示す形状で円形の覆いを有するものであり、孔の直径は12mm、4個の窓の寸法はそれぞれ12mm×12mm、遮蔽角は30度である。また、処理する排煙脱硫排水中で測定した鉄金属粒子の安息角は35度であった。
pH6.7で、硝酸性窒素100mg/リットルを含有する排煙脱硫排水に、塩酸をHCl濃度が200mg/リットルになるように注入し、上記の鉄金属粒子を充填したカラムに、300リットル/hすなわちSV=30/hの速度で上向流で通水した。
カラム内の鉄金属粒子の充填量が常に10リットルになるように、鉄金属粒子供給口より鉄金属粒子を補給しつつ、排煙脱硫排水の処理を1カ月間継続して行ったが、充填された鉄金属粒子にはブロック状の塊は形成されなかった。
比較例1
ストレーナーと支持板の代わりに、上部目開き3mm、下部目開き9mmの孔41個を有する目皿を用いた以外は、実施例1と同じ形状の鉄金属粒子の充填層を有するカラムを作製し、実施例1と同じ条件で、実施例1と並行して排煙脱硫排水の処理を1カ月間継続して行った。
処理開始後2日目に、カラム内に直径5〜10cmの鉄金属粒子のブロック状の塊が発生した。1カ月間同じ条件で通水処理を続けたが、カラム内には常に鉄金属粒子のブロック状の塊が存在していた。
【0011】
【発明の効果】
本発明の水処理装置によれば、鉄金属粒子の充填層に通水して排水中の不純物を還元処理するに際して、排水中の硝酸性窒素の濃度が高い場合であっても、充填した鉄金属粒子がブロック状の塊を形成することを防止し、充填した鉄金属粒子を有効に水処理に利用し、長期間にわたって安定して排水中の不純物の還元処理を行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、本発明装置に用いるストレーナーの一態様の側面図及び断面図である。
【図2】図2は、本発明の水処理装置の一態様の説明図である。
【図3】図3は、本発明の水処理装置の他の態様の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ストレーナー本体
2 ナット
3 ナット
4 鉄金属粒子支持板
5 孔
6 覆い
7 窓
8 反応槽
9 排水導入口
10 排出口
11 ストレーナー
12 鉄金属粒子の充填層
13 多孔板
14 鉄金属粒子供給口
15 砂利の充填層
16 多孔板
17 スペーサー
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus. More specifically, the present invention is a water treatment apparatus for reducing impurities in water by passing water through a packed bed of iron metal particles, and prevents the filled iron metal particles from forming block-like lumps. It is related with the water treatment apparatus which can be.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Wastewater discharged from desulfurization equipment for exhaust gas generated when coal or oil is burned contains various harmful substances such as heavy metals and non-metals. Therefore, it is necessary to remove these harmful substances from the wastewater. is there. If the wastewater contains peroxosulfuric acid, iodic acid, selenic acid, nitric acid, etc., adjust the pH of the wastewater containing these harmful substances to 5 or less and contact with iron metal, then agglomerate treatment and solid-liquid By performing the separation, peroxosulfuric acid, iodic acid, selenic acid, nitric acid, etc. in the waste water are reduced by the divalent iron ions eluted, and further, the iron ions dissolved in the water by the coagulation treatment are converted into water-insoluble water. When precipitating as iron oxide, toxic substances such as heavy metals and fluorine are also efficiently removed at the same time.
As a device for bringing wastewater into contact with iron metal, a stirring contact device for adding iron metal fine particles to the wastewater in a reaction tank and stirring, and a water flow contact device for passing wastewater through a packed bed of iron metal particles are known. Yes. The stirring contact device does not require a washing operation of the packed bed, but the reduction reaction is not sufficient, the removal of harmful substances in the wastewater is inferior to the water contact device, and the addition amount of iron metal fine particles, There are many operational management problems such as controlling the stirring strength for uniformly dispersing the iron metal fine particles and preventing the dispersed iron metal fine particles from flowing out. In contrast, a water contact device that allows water to flow through a packed bed of iron metal particles is relatively easy to manage and removes harmful substances in the drainage efficiently at the beginning of water flow. When water is passed for a long time, there is a problem that the waste water treatment efficiency is lowered because contaminants adhere to the surface of the iron metal particles or the iron metal particles form block-like lumps.
The present inventors previously have a water introduction port and a treated water discharge port as a water treatment device in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-262592 which has no fear of loss of iron metal particles and is easy to manage. A water treatment apparatus was proposed in which a packed bed of iron metal particles was formed and a magnet was placed below the packed bed. This water treatment device has made it possible to carry out wastewater treatment stably, but depending on the quality of the wastewater, such as when nitrate nitrogen is contained in the wastewater at a high concentration, the iron metal particles in the packed bed during treatment Caused a phenomenon of forming block-like lumps. When the iron metal particles form a block-like lump, the contact with the waste water becomes insufficient and it is not used effectively for waste water treatment, and further, there remains a problem that it remains as a lump of iron in the packed bed. Since the block-like lump of iron metal particles cannot be loosened by a normal cleaning method, the iron metal particles do not form a block-like lump in the packed bed, and the water treatment device is easy to manage. Was demanded.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a water treatment apparatus for reducing impurities in wastewater by passing water through a packed bed of iron metal particles, and the iron metal particles form block-like lumps even when the wastewater comes into contact with the iron metal particles. The purpose of this invention is to provide a water treatment device that can be easily managed.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have arranged a strainer at the lower part of the packed bed of iron metal particles and made the flow of water in the packed bed uniform, thereby making the ferrous metal It has been found that the formation of block-like lumps of particles can be prevented, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.
That is, the present invention
(1) A water treatment apparatus in which a packed bed of iron metal particles is formed on a support plate in a reaction tank, having a raw water introduction port below the support plate of the packed bed of iron metal particles, A water treatment apparatus having a treated water discharge port above a packed bed of particles and provided with a strainer that allows water to pass through a support plate but not iron metal particles , wherein the strainer has a particle size of the iron metal particles. A hole having a larger diameter communicates with the packed bed through four windows above the hole, and the upper part of the hole is shielded at an angle less than the repose angle of the iron metal particles. Water treatment equipment to perform, and
(2) The water treatment apparatus according to item (1), wherein the strainer is made of an acid resistant material ,
Is to provide.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The water treatment apparatus of the present invention can be applied to water treatment in which wastewater is passed through a packed bed of iron metal particles to reduce impurities in the wastewater. When the wastewater is acidified, preferably pH is adjusted to 5 or less and brought into contact with iron metal, divalent iron ions are eluted from the iron metal in water according to the following formula.
Fe + 2H + → Fe 2+ + H 2
Peroxosulfuric acid, iodic acid, selenic acid, and nitric acid contained in the wastewater react with divalent iron ions according to the following formulas, respectively, and are reduced.
S 2 O 8 2- + 2Fe 2+ → 2SO 4 2- + 2Fe 3+
2IO 3 + 10Fe 2+ + 12H + → I 2 + 10Fe 3+ + 6H 2 O
SeO 4 2− + 6Fe 2+ + 8H + → Se 0 + 6Fe 3+ + 4H 2 O
NO 3 + 4Fe 2+ + 6H + → NH 4 + + 4Fe 3+ + O 2 + H 2 O
Further, when the oxidation-reduction potential is −400 to −100 mV, a reaction between iron metal and selenic acid occurs according to the following formula.
SeO 4 2− + 3Fe + 8H + → Se 0 + 3Fe 2+ + 4H 2 O
After reducing the impurities contained in the waste water in contact with iron metal in this way and then adding an alkali agent to the reduced treated water so that the pH is 7 or more, the iron ions in the water can be expressed, for example, by the following formula: In this way, water-insoluble iron hydroxide is formed to form floc.
Fe 2+ + 2NaOH → Fe (OH) 2 + 2Na +
Fe 3+ + 3NaOH → Fe (OH) 3 + 3Na +
At this time, in addition to the reduced selenium, heavy metals, suspended substances, fluorine, COD components, etc. contained in the waste water can also be coagulated, settled and separated at the same time.
[0006]
In the apparatus of the present invention, examples of the iron metal particles forming the packed bed include particles of pure iron, crude steel, alloy steel, and other iron alloys. When the iron metal is an iron alloy, the iron content is preferably 85% by weight or more.
By passing the wastewater through a packed bed of iron metal particles such as a column filled with iron metal particles, the wastewater and the iron metal particles can be efficiently contacted. However, if the drainage of water is continued through the packed bed of iron metal particles, the iron metal particles may form block-like lumps. The formation of block-like lumps of iron metal particles is particularly remarkable when nitrate nitrogen is contained at a high concentration in the waste water.
The apparatus of the present invention is a water treatment apparatus in which a packed bed of iron metal particles is formed on a support plate in a reaction tank, and has a raw water inlet under the support plate of the packed bed of iron metal particles, A treated water discharge port is provided above the packed bed of iron metal particles, and a strainer that allows water to pass through the support plate but not iron metal particles is provided. By providing a strainer that allows water to pass through the support plate but not iron metal particles, the flow of water in the packed bed is made uniform, and formation of block-like lumps of iron metal particles can be prevented. When nitrate nitrogen is contained in the waste water, the iron metal particles are particularly likely to form block-like lumps, but the waste water containing nitrate nitrogen of about several hundred mg / liter can be obtained by using the apparatus of the present invention. However, it can process without forming the block-like lump of iron metal particles.
[0007]
In the apparatus of the present invention, the strainer is preferably one that shields the upper part of the hole having a diameter larger than the particle diameter of the iron metal particles at an angle equal to or less than the repose angle of the iron metal particles. FIG. 1A is a side view of an embodiment of a strainer used in the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view cut along a plane passing through the central axis, and FIG. FIG. However, the nut is not shown in FIG. In the strainer of this embodiment, the strainer body 1 is fixed to a hole formed in the iron metal particle support plate 4 by two nuts 2 and 3. The strainer body has a cover 6 above the hole 5 having a diameter larger than the particle diameter of the iron metal particles, and the cover shields the upper part of the hole at an angle equal to or less than the angle of repose of the iron metal particles. In the strainer of this embodiment, the holes having a diameter larger than the particle diameter of the iron metal particles lead to the packed bed of iron metal particles via the four windows 7 on the upper side. The raw water to be treated by contact with the iron metal particles enters from below the hole 5 and is sent to the packed bed of iron metal particles through the four windows 7. By providing the strainer with a hole having a diameter larger than the particle diameter of the iron metal particles, water can be passed without causing a large pressure loss. Further, by passing the raw water through the four windows into the packed bed of iron metal particles, the water flows uniformly in the packed bed of iron metal particles and does not form a block-like lump of iron metal particles.
[0008]
In the strainer of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a straight line (see FIG. 1B) connecting the tip of the cover 6 and the top tip of the hole 5 in the vertical plane forms a shielding angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane. The size is less than the angle of repose of the iron metal particles. Even if the window and the hole are larger than the iron metal particles, the size of the shielding angle θ is equal to or smaller than the angle of repose of the iron metal particles. And it does not fall down through the hole. The angle of repose of the iron metal particles is a value measured in the wastewater to be treated. The angle of repose of iron metal particles in water is usually reduced because the apparent density of iron metal particles is reduced by receiving buoyancy from water, and the coefficient of friction of the surface of iron metal particles changes when wet. The value is different from the angle of repose of particles. The angle of repose of the iron metal particles is preferably measured in the wastewater to be treated.
The strainer used in the apparatus of the present invention is preferably made of an acid resistant material. Wastewater that is contacted with ferrous metal particles is normally passed at a pH of 5 or lower, so by using a strainer made of an acid resistant material, water treatment can be performed stably without fear of deterioration or damage of the strainer. Can do. There is no restriction | limiting in particular in an acid-resistant material, For example, fluororesins, such as polyethylene, a polystyrene, a polytetrafluoroethylene, a polyvinylidene fluoride, etc. can be mentioned. Furthermore, when water is passed through the water treatment device at a high temperature, the strainer is preferably made of an acid-resistant and heat-resistant material.
[0009]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the water treatment apparatus of the present invention. In the water treatment apparatus of this embodiment, a drainage introduction port 9 is provided at the bottom of a cylindrical reaction tank 8, and a reduction treatment water discharge port 10 is provided at the head. An iron metal particle support plate 4 having a strainer 11 is attached to the lower part of the reaction tank, and further, iron metal particles are filled thereon to form a packed layer 12 of iron metal particles. A perforated plate 13 is attached to the upper part of the reaction tank, and an iron metal particle supply port 14 is provided.
Drawing 3 is an explanatory view of other modes of the water treatment equipment of the present invention. The water treatment apparatus of this embodiment is provided with a gravel packed bed 15 at the bottom of the water treatment apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. By providing the gravel packed bed, the overflow flow rate can be reduced even if the iron metal particles overflow from the lower portion of the strainer 11. When the gravel packed bed is provided, the porous plate 16 is preferably provided on the gravel packed bed in order to prevent the filled gravel iron metal particles from flowing into the packed bed. Further, since the leg portion of the strainer normally projects downward from the iron metal particle support plate, it is preferable to provide a spacer 17 between the iron metal particle support plate 4 and the porous plate 16.
In the apparatus of the present invention, the number of strainers to be installed is not particularly limited, but when the particle diameter of the iron metal particles is 0.3 to 0.6 mm, about 30 strainers should be installed per 1 m 2 of the iron metal particle support plate. Thus, stable water treatment can be performed.
In the reduction treatment of waste water, waste water whose pH is adjusted to 5 or less, preferably 2 to 3 by adding acid is supplied from the waste water inlet, and peroxosulfuric acid contained in the waste water in the packed bed of iron metal particles. Impurities such as iodic acid, selenic acid and nitric acid are reduced. Since the waste water is introduced as an upward flow, the hydrogen gas generated during the reduction process moves upward together with the water flow and is discharged from the discharge port of the reaction tank head. The reduced treated water flowing out from the discharge port is further guided to the coagulation and precipitation facility, adjusted to pH 7 or higher by adding an alkaline agent, and further coagulated and precipitated by adding a polymer coagulant as necessary. Get water.
According to the water treatment device of the present invention, the filled iron metal particles do not form block-like lumps, and the filled iron metal particles are effectively used for water treatment, and stably discharged over a long period of time. Impurity reduction treatment can be performed.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
A water inlet was attached to the lower part of an acrylic resin column having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 1000 mm, and an iron metal particle support plate equipped with a strainer was provided immediately above. In the upper part of the column, an iron metal particle supply port, a perforated plate and a reduced treated water discharge port were provided. On the iron metal particle support plate, 10 liters of uniform spherical iron metal particles having a particle diameter of 0.6 mm were packed to prepare a column having a packed layer of iron metal particles having the shape shown in FIG.
The strainer used has the shape shown in FIG. 1 and a circular cover. The diameter of the hole is 12 mm, the size of the four windows is 12 mm × 12 mm, and the shielding angle is 30 degrees. The angle of repose of the iron metal particles measured in the flue gas desulfurization waste water to be treated was 35 degrees.
Hydrochloric acid was injected into flue gas desulfurization effluent containing 100 mg / liter of nitrate nitrogen at pH 6.7 so that the HCl concentration was 200 mg / liter, and 300 liter / hour was added to the column packed with the above iron metal particles. That is, water was passed upward at a speed of SV = 30 / h.
The flue gas desulfurization drainage treatment was continued for one month while supplying iron metal particles from the iron metal particle supply port so that the packed amount of iron metal particles in the column was always 10 liters. No block-like lump was formed on the iron metal particles.
Comparative Example 1
A column having a packed bed of iron metal particles having the same shape as in Example 1 was prepared except that a plate having 41 holes having an upper opening of 3 mm and a lower opening of 9 mm was used instead of the strainer and the support plate. Under the same conditions as in Example 1, the treatment of flue gas desulfurization waste water was continued for one month in parallel with Example 1.
On the second day after the start of the treatment, a block-like lump of iron metal particles having a diameter of 5 to 10 cm was generated in the column. Although the water flow treatment was continued for one month under the same conditions, a block-like lump of iron metal particles was always present in the column.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
According to the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, when water is passed through a packed bed of iron metal particles to reduce impurities in the wastewater, even if the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater is high, the filled iron It is possible to prevent the metal particles from forming block-like lumps, effectively use the filled iron metal particles for water treatment, and perform the reduction treatment of impurities in the wastewater stably over a long period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view and a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a strainer used in the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the water treatment apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the water treatment apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Strainer main body 2 Nut 3 Nut 4 Iron metal particle support plate 5 Hole 6 Cover 7 Window 8 Reaction tank 9 Drain introduction port 10 Discharge port 11 Strainer 12 Packing layer 13 of iron metal particle Perforated plate 14 Iron metal particle supply port 15 Gravel Packing layer 16 Perforated plate 17 Spacer

Claims (2)

反応槽内の支持板上に鉄金属粒子の充填層を形成してなる水処理装置であって、鉄金属粒子の充填層の支持板の下方に原水導入口を有し、鉄金属粒子の充填層の上方に処理水排出口を有し、支持板に水を通すが鉄金属粒子を通さないストレーナーを設けてなる水処理装置であって、前記ストレーナーが、鉄金属粒子の粒径より直径が大きい孔が該孔の上方で4個の窓を経由して充填層に通じていて、前記孔の上方が鉄金属粒子の安息角以下の角度で遮蔽したものであることを特徴とする水処理装置。A water treatment apparatus in which a packed bed of iron metal particles is formed on a support plate in a reaction tank, and has a raw water inlet under the support plate of the packed bed of iron metal particles, and is filled with iron metal particles A water treatment apparatus having a treated water discharge port above the layer and provided with a strainer that allows water to pass through the support plate but not iron metal particles , wherein the strainer has a diameter larger than the particle diameter of the iron metal particles. A water treatment characterized in that a large hole communicates with the packed bed through four windows above the hole, and the upper part of the hole is shielded at an angle less than the angle of repose of the iron metal particles. apparatus. 前記ストレーナーが耐酸性材料からなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の水処理装置。The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the strainer is made of an acid resistant material .
JP14324198A 1998-05-25 1998-05-25 Water treatment equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4214326B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109402369A (en) * 2017-08-15 2019-03-01 南京理工大学 A kind of iron-based porous material and preparation method thereof for azo dyes of degrading

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109402369A (en) * 2017-08-15 2019-03-01 南京理工大学 A kind of iron-based porous material and preparation method thereof for azo dyes of degrading

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