JP4210664B2 - ガスを生成するセル - Google Patents
ガスを生成するセル Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4210664B2 JP4210664B2 JP2005079783A JP2005079783A JP4210664B2 JP 4210664 B2 JP4210664 B2 JP 4210664B2 JP 2005079783 A JP2005079783 A JP 2005079783A JP 2005079783 A JP2005079783 A JP 2005079783A JP 4210664 B2 JP4210664 B2 JP 4210664B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- cell according
- gas
- electrodes
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 azide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium perchlorate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium sulfide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[S-2] QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azide group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[N-] IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
- A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
- A44B19/24—Details
- A44B19/26—Sliders
- A44B19/265—Sliders with means for preventing the accidental intrusion of material into the slider body, e.g. with shield or guard
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45B—WALKING STICKS; UMBRELLAS; LADIES' OR LIKE FANS
- A45B25/00—Details of umbrellas
- A45B25/18—Covers; Means for fastening same
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
電源を有する電気回路に接続している2つの電極、及び、
窒素(N2 )を含むガスを電気化学的に生成するためこれらの両電極間に存在し化学式XN3 のアジドを含む電解液、
を有する、特に潤滑剤ディスペンサ(Schmierstoffspender) の駆動用のガスを生成するセルに関する。
2NaN3 +2H2 O→3N2 +H2 +2NaOH
高いpH値の場合、遊離した窒素は生成されず、水だけが分解する。従来の緩衝剤、例えばホスファートは、この問題の解決には適さない。何故なら、これらの緩衝剤の緩衝容量が非常に小さいからである。
2NaN3 +2H2 O→3N2 +H2 +2NaOH
によるアジドの分解時に発生する水酸化ナトリウムが、既に僅かな濃度でガス生成速度の明らかな降下を引き起こす。その結果、ガス生成物の増加と共にセルの性能を非常に早く低下させる。
2N3 - →3N2 +2e- ,
その一方で水素イオンが、陰極1′でそれに応じて還元される:
2H+ +2e- →H2
水素が、陰極1′に対して成立する反応式による反応時に発生するので、水酸化物イオンの濃度が、窒素の発生中に明らかに上昇する。これと同時に進行する電解液4中のpH値の上昇を回避するため、電気化学反応時に発生する水酸化物イオンと化学的に結合するマグネシウム塩が、電解液4に添加される。マグネシウム塩は、非常に僅かな溶解度生成物を含む。その結果、化学式
Mg2++2OH- →Mg(OH)2 ,
にしたがってマグネシウム塩と水酸化物イオンとから生成された水酸化マグネシウムが、電解液4から沈殿する。この水酸化マグネシウムは、陰極1′で析出される。本発明の電解液は、例えば鋼,特にクロム・ニッケル・鋼又は黒鉛のような既存の材料が電極1,1′に対して使用され得ることを可能にする。この代わりに、黒鉛粉末が含有されている合成物質から電極を構成してもよい。
例:
以下の電解液が製造される:
a) 15.0g アジ化ナトリウム
31.0g 過塩素酸マグネシウム,水を83重量%含む
1000ml水
b) a)の組成に0.25g のNiS・6H2 Oを添加
過塩素酸マグネシウムは、難溶性の水酸化マグネシウムを生成することによって反応時に発生する水酸化ナトリウムと結合する。この水酸化マグネシウムは、沈殿物として沈殿し、これによって反応の均衡を保持する。
2NaN3 +Mg(ClO4)2+2H2O→ 3N2+H2+Mg(OH)2 +2NaClO4.
この溶液は、弱アルカリ性で吸湿性で無臭で無反応でかつ分解せずに保持可能である。この溶液の1mlが、実験条件にしたがって70ml〜100ml のガス(N2 及びH2 )を生成する。
1′電極
2 電源
3 電気回路
4 電解液
5 容器
Claims (9)
- 電源(2)を有する電気回路(3)に接続している2つの電極(1,1′)、及び、
窒素(N2 )を含むガスを電気化学的に生成するためこれらの両電極(1,1′)間に存在し化学式XN3 のアジドを含む電解液(4)を有する、潤滑剤ディスペンサ(Schmierstoffspender) の駆動用のガスを生成するセルにおいて、
電解液(4)は、電気化学反応時に発生する水酸化物イオンと化学的に結合する添加物としてマグネシウム塩を含むことを特徴とするセル。 - アジドは、アジ化ナトリウムから成ることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセル。
- マグネシウム塩は、硫化マグネシウムから成ることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のセル。
- マグネシウム塩は、過塩素酸マグネシウムから成ることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のセル。
- マグネシウム塩は、アジドの量に比べて化学量論的に又は過剰に添加されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のセル。
- 不凍液が、電解液(4)に添加されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のセル。
- 不凍液は、エチレングリコール及び/又はジメチルスルホキシドから成ることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のセル。
- 電解液(4)は、陰極を形成する電極(1′)の水素分極を回避する添加物として硫化ニッケルを含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のセル。
- 電極(1,1)は、鋼,特にクロム・ニッケル・鋼,黒鉛又は黒鉛粉末が含有されている合成物質から成ることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のセル。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004013593 | 2004-03-19 | ||
DE102004032260A DE102004032260B4 (de) | 2004-03-19 | 2004-07-03 | Zelle zur Gaserzeugung |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005264333A JP2005264333A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
JP2005264333A5 JP2005264333A5 (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
JP4210664B2 true JP4210664B2 (ja) | 2009-01-21 |
Family
ID=34839610
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005079783A Expired - Lifetime JP4210664B2 (ja) | 2004-03-19 | 2005-03-18 | ガスを生成するセル |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20050205418A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1577423B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4210664B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060043761A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE417143T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005201076B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102004032260B4 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2318373T3 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007010518B4 (de) * | 2007-03-05 | 2009-03-19 | Perma-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Abgabe von Schmiermitteln sowie Gaserzeugungselement zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
DE102007037422A1 (de) | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-19 | Perma-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schmierstoffspender |
DE102011004799B4 (de) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-09-27 | Varta Microbattery Gmbh | Statusindikator für temperaturempfindliche Güter |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1558241A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1979-12-19 | Chloride Silent Power Ltd | Electrochemical cells employing an alkali metal and a solid electrolyte |
US4250004A (en) * | 1980-02-25 | 1981-02-10 | Olin Corporation | Process for the preparation of low overvoltage electrodes |
DE3423605A1 (de) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-09 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Verbundelektrode, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre anwendung |
DE3532335A1 (de) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-03-12 | Winsel August | Galvanische zelle zur entwicklung von wasserstoff bzw. sauerstoff |
EP0581795B1 (en) | 1991-04-24 | 1998-08-26 | ORLITZKY, Anton | Gas generator |
US5423454A (en) * | 1992-08-19 | 1995-06-13 | Lippman, Deceased; Lawrence G. | Method of propellant gas generation |
US5427870A (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1995-06-27 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Gas releasing electrochemical cell for fluid dispensing applications |
US6024860A (en) * | 1997-08-15 | 2000-02-15 | American Pacific Corporation | System for electrochemical decomposition of sodium azide |
CA2243219A1 (en) * | 1998-07-14 | 2000-01-14 | A.T.S. Electro-Lube Holdings Ltd. | Electrolytic generation of nitrogen |
US6296756B1 (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-10-02 | H20 Technologies, Ltd. | Hand portable water purification system |
US6428608B1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-08-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling air quality |
US6835298B2 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2004-12-28 | A.T.S. Electro-Lube Holdings, Ltd. | Electrolytic generation of nitrogen using azole derivatives |
AU2003215358A1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-09-09 | Aqua Innovations, Inc. | Microbubbles of oxygen |
-
2004
- 2004-07-03 DE DE102004032260A patent/DE102004032260B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-02-22 AT AT05003729T patent/ATE417143T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-22 EP EP05003729A patent/EP1577423B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-02-22 ES ES05003729T patent/ES2318373T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-03-09 US US11/076,530 patent/US20050205418A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-10 AU AU2005201076A patent/AU2005201076B2/en not_active Expired
- 2005-03-17 KR KR1020050022247A patent/KR20060043761A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-18 JP JP2005079783A patent/JP4210664B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2008
- 2008-03-06 US US12/074,842 patent/US7563355B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1577423A3 (de) | 2008-02-13 |
US20050205418A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
AU2005201076B2 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
KR20060043761A (ko) | 2006-05-15 |
DE102004032260A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 |
ES2318373T3 (es) | 2009-05-01 |
DE102004032260B4 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
AU2005201076A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
ATE417143T1 (de) | 2008-12-15 |
JP2005264333A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
EP1577423B1 (de) | 2008-12-10 |
US20080226953A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
US7563355B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
EP1577423A2 (de) | 2005-09-21 |
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