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JP4207984B2 - Charging system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Charging system and control method thereof Download PDF

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JP4207984B2
JP4207984B2 JP2006168803A JP2006168803A JP4207984B2 JP 4207984 B2 JP4207984 B2 JP 4207984B2 JP 2006168803 A JP2006168803 A JP 2006168803A JP 2006168803 A JP2006168803 A JP 2006168803A JP 4207984 B2 JP4207984 B2 JP 4207984B2
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battery
charging
reference value
charger
power
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JP2007336778A (en
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尚史 姉川
直峰 小林
直樹 氣谷
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Tokyo Electric Power Co Holdings Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

本発明は、電池システムに搭載された電池に充電器を接続し、充電器から電池に充電電力を供給して電池を充電する充電システム及びその制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a charging system in which a charger is connected to a battery mounted on a battery system, charging power is supplied from the charger to the battery, and the battery is charged.

電池を搭載した電池システムとしては、例えば、電気自動車やハイブリッド車がある。また、鉄道車両においても電池を搭載したものがある。さらには、据置型電池システム、例えば、電池を使った無停電電源システムもある。このような電池システムの電池を充電するには充電器から充電することになる。現状においては、充電器としては電力変換器を用いて交流電力を直流電力に変換し、電池の充電特性に合わせて、充電器側で電力変換器の出力である直流電力を調整し電池への充電電力を得るようにしている。   Examples of a battery system equipped with a battery include an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle. Some railcars are equipped with batteries. There is also a stationary battery system, for example, an uninterruptible power supply system using a battery. To charge the battery of such a battery system, the battery is charged from a charger. At present, the charger converts the AC power into DC power using a power converter, and adjusts the DC power, which is the output of the power converter, on the charger side according to the charging characteristics of the battery. I try to get charging power.

図４は、従来の充電システムの構成図である。電池システム１１は電池１２と電池情報送信部１３とを有し、電池１２には電源線１４ａが接続され、電池情報送信部１３には通信線１５ａが接続されている。電源線１４ａ及び通信線１５ａは一つのケーブル１６ａにまとめられて外部に引き出され端部にコネクタ１７ａが設けられている。電池情報送信部１３は電池１２の種類や電池１２の端子電圧等の電池情報を送信するものである。   FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional charging system. The battery system 11 includes a battery 12 and a battery information transmission unit 13, a power line 14 a is connected to the battery 12, and a communication line 15 a is connected to the battery information transmission unit 13. The power supply line 14a and the communication line 15a are combined into one cable 16a and drawn out to the outside, and a connector 17a is provided at the end. The battery information transmission unit 13 transmits battery information such as the type of the battery 12 and the terminal voltage of the battery 12.

一方、充電器１８は、電池システム１１の電池１２を充電するための電力を供給するための電源部１９と、電源部１９からの出力電力を示す電気量を検出する電気量検出器２９と、電池システム１１に搭載された各種電池１２に対応して予め定められた複数個の充電パターンを記憶するメモリ２１と、メモリ２１に記憶された充電パターンに基づいて充電の基準値を発生する基準値発生回路２６と、電気量検出器２９で検出された電気量が基準値発生回路２６で発生した充電の基準値になるように電源部１９からの出力電力を制御する制御装置２０とを有している。   On the other hand, the charger 18 includes a power supply unit 19 for supplying electric power for charging the battery 12 of the battery system 11, an electric quantity detector 29 for detecting an electric quantity indicating output power from the power supply unit 19, A memory 21 for storing a plurality of predetermined charging patterns corresponding to various batteries 12 mounted in the battery system 11, and a reference value for generating a charging reference value based on the charging patterns stored in the memory 21 And a control device 20 that controls the output power from the power supply unit 19 so that the amount of electricity detected by the amount-of-electricity detector 29 becomes the reference value of the charge generated by the reference value generation circuit 26. ing.

さらに、電源部１９は交流電源２２の交流電力を直流電力に変換する電力変換器２３と、制御装置２０からの指令に基づいて電力変換器２３のゲートをオンオフ制御するゲート制御回路２４とを有し、電気量検出器２９は電源部１９の電力変換器２３の端子電圧を検出する電圧変成器ＰＴ及び電力変換器２３の端子電流を検出する電流変成器ＣＴを有している。   Furthermore, the power supply unit 19 includes a power converter 23 that converts AC power of the AC power supply 22 into DC power, and a gate control circuit 24 that controls on / off of the gate of the power converter 23 based on a command from the control device 20. The electric quantity detector 29 includes a voltage transformer PT that detects a terminal voltage of the power converter 23 of the power supply unit 19 and a current transformer CT that detects a terminal current of the power converter 23.

そして、電力変換器２３には電源線１４ｂが接続され、制御装置２０には通信線１５ｂが接続されている。電源線１４ｂ及び通信線１５ｂは一つのケーブル１６ｂにまとめられて外部に引き出され端部にコネクタ１７ｂが設けられている。   A power line 14 b is connected to the power converter 23, and a communication line 15 b is connected to the control device 20. The power supply line 14b and the communication line 15b are combined into a single cable 16b and drawn to the outside, and a connector 17b is provided at the end.

電池システム１１の電池１２を充電するには、電池システム１１のケーブル１６ａのコネクタ１７ａと充電器１８のケーブル１６ｂのコネクタ１７ｂとを接続する。これにより、電池システム１１の電源線１４ａ及び通信線１５ａが充電器１８の電源線１４ｂ及び通信線１５ｂにそれぞれ接続される。この状態で充電器１８の基準値発生回路２６は、電池システム１１の電池情報送信部１３から電池システム１１の電池１２の種類や電池１２の端子電圧等の情報を入力し、また、入力した電池１２の種類に対応する充電パターンをメモリ２１から読み出し、電気量検出器２９で検出された電源部１９の電気量に基づいて充電の基準値を発生する。   In order to charge the battery 12 of the battery system 11, the connector 17a of the cable 16a of the battery system 11 and the connector 17b of the cable 16b of the charger 18 are connected. Thereby, the power supply line 14a and the communication line 15a of the battery system 11 are connected to the power supply line 14b and the communication line 15b of the charger 18, respectively. In this state, the reference value generation circuit 26 of the charger 18 inputs information such as the type of the battery 12 of the battery system 11 and the terminal voltage of the battery 12 from the battery information transmission unit 13 of the battery system 11, and the input battery The charging patterns corresponding to the 12 types are read from the memory 21, and a charging reference value is generated based on the amount of electricity of the power supply unit 19 detected by the electricity amount detector 29.

制御装置２０は電気量検出器２９で検出された電源部１９の電気量を監視しながら電源部１９の出力電力を制御する。すなわち、制御装置２０は基準値発生回路２６からの充電の基準値に基づいて電池システム１１の電池１２の種類に対応した充電パターンに従って、電力変換器２３から電池１２に電力を供給できるようにゲート制御回路２４を制御する。 The control device 20 controls the output power of the power supply unit 19 while monitoring the amount of electricity of the power supply unit 19 detected by the electric quantity detector 29. That is, the control device 20 gates the power converter 23 so as to supply power to the battery 12 according to the charge pattern corresponding to the type of the battery 12 of the battery system 11 based on the charge reference value from the reference value generation circuit 26. The control circuit 24 is controlled.

ここで、電気量検出器２９は、電力変換器２３の端子電圧を検出する電圧変成器ＰＴ及び電力変換器２９の端子電流を検出する電流変成器ＣＴを有したものを示しているが、制御装置２０や基準値発生回路２６が電池システム１１の電池１２を充電する際に必要とする電気量が電圧及び電流のいずれか一方である場合には、電圧及び電流のうちの必要とするいずれか一方を入力し、電圧及び電流を必要とする場合には電圧及び電流の双方を入力することになる。   Here, the electric quantity detector 29 has a voltage transformer PT that detects a terminal voltage of the power converter 23 and a current transformer CT that detects a terminal current of the power converter 29. When the amount of electricity required when the device 20 or the reference value generation circuit 26 charges the battery 12 of the battery system 11 is either voltage or current, any of the voltage and current required If one is input and voltage and current are required, both voltage and current are input.

このように、従来の充電システムでは、充電器１８に電池システム１１が接続されたときは、充電器１８は電池システム１１に搭載された電池１２の種類や電圧等の電池情報を入力し、その電池情報に適した充電パターンをメモリ２１から抽出して、その充電パターンに従って電池システム１１の電池１２を充電するようにしている。   Thus, in the conventional charging system, when the battery system 11 is connected to the charger 18, the charger 18 inputs battery information such as the type and voltage of the battery 12 mounted on the battery system 11, and A charging pattern suitable for the battery information is extracted from the memory 21, and the battery 12 of the battery system 11 is charged according to the charging pattern.

ここで、バッテリ駆動機器および充電器に対してバッテリからその種類や現在の使用条件に関する情報を供給することにより、バッテリ駆動機器が適切にバッテリの残量表示や終止制御または充電を行うことができるようにしたものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開平８−３７０３６号公報 Here, by supplying information on the type and current use conditions from the battery to the battery-driven device and the charger, the battery-driven device can appropriately display the remaining amount of the battery, perform termination control, or charge. There is something like that (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-8-37036

しかし、従来の充電システムでは、充電器１８側で電池システム１１に搭載された電池１２の種類や電圧等の電池情報を判断し、その電池情報に適した充電パターンに従って電池システム１１の電池１２を充電するようにしているので、充電器１８側で電池１２の種類に応じた充電パターンを予め記憶しておかなければならない。従って、新たな電池１２が登場する度に、充電器１８側でその電池１２に対応する充電パターンを用意しなければならない。特に移動体の場合は電池システム１１の電池１２を充電する充電器１８は、現在のガソリンスタンドに当たる箇所に設置されることから、新たな電池１２が登場する度に、すべての充電器１８に対して一斉に新たな充電パターンを用意することは事実上困難である。新たな充電パターンを用意できなかった場合には、その新たな電池１２に対して充電ができない場合が発生したり、充電できたとしてもその電池特性に適した充電パターンでの充電はできないので、電池の寿命に悪影響を与えることがある。   However, in the conventional charging system, battery information such as the type and voltage of the battery 12 mounted on the battery system 11 is determined on the charger 18 side, and the battery 12 of the battery system 11 is replaced according to the charging pattern suitable for the battery information. Since charging is performed, a charging pattern corresponding to the type of the battery 12 must be stored in advance on the charger 18 side. Therefore, each time a new battery 12 appears, a charging pattern corresponding to the battery 12 must be prepared on the charger 18 side. In particular, in the case of a mobile object, the charger 18 for charging the battery 12 of the battery system 11 is installed at a location corresponding to the current gas station. Therefore, every time a new battery 12 appears, It is practically difficult to prepare new charging patterns all at once. If a new charge pattern could not be prepared, the new battery 12 may not be charged, or even if it can be charged, it cannot be charged with a charge pattern suitable for the battery characteristics. May adversely affect battery life.

また、同じ種類の電池１２であっても経年変化や使用年数によって充電特性が変化するので、充電パターンを固定せずに充電パターンを変更した方が電池寿命にとっては好ましいことがある。特許文献１のものでは、バッテリの種類や現在の使用条件に関する情報をも考慮に入れて充電を行うものであるが、バッテリの種類や現在の使用条件に関する情報は充電器側で判断して、そのバッテリの特性に適した充電制御を行うものであるので、充電器側でバッテリに適した充電パターン等を予め記憶しておく必要がある。 In addition, even with the same type of battery 12 , the charging characteristics change depending on aging and years of use, so it may be preferable for the battery life to change the charging pattern without fixing the charging pattern. In Patent Document 1, charging is performed taking into account information on the type of battery and current usage conditions, but information on the type of battery and current usage conditions is determined on the charger side, Since charging control suitable for the characteristics of the battery is performed, it is necessary to store in advance a charging pattern suitable for the battery on the charger side.

本発明の目的は、電池システムに搭載された電池の種類によらずその電池の充電特性に従って充電器から充電することができる充電システム及びその制御方法を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a charging system that can be charged from a charger according to the charging characteristics of the battery regardless of the type of battery mounted in the battery system, and a control method thereof.

請求項１の発明に係わる充電システムは、電池システムに搭載された電池に充電器を接続し、前記充電器から前記電池に充電電力を供給して前記電池を充電する充電システムにおいて、前記電池システムは、前記電池の蓄電量を示す電気量を検出する電気量検出器と、前記電池の種類に応じて予め定められた充電パターンを記憶したメモリと、前記電池の寿命に関連する電池状態情報を蓄積する電池状態情報蓄積部と、前記電気量検出器で時々刻々検出される電気量及び前記メモリに記憶された充電パターンに基づき前記電池状態情報蓄積部に蓄積された電池状態情報を加味して充電の基準値を発生する基準値発生回路とを有し、前記充電器は、前記電池を充電するための電力を供給する電源部と、前記基準値発生回路からの基準値に基づき前記電源部から供給する充電電力を制御する制御装置とを備え、前記制御装置は、前記電池システムの基準値発生回路からの充電の基準値による制御ができないときは、前記充電器の性能を前記基準値発生回路に送信し、前記基準値発生回路は前記充電器の性能を考慮して、再度、充電の基準値を演算し出力することを特徴とする。 A charging system according to the invention of claim 1 is a charging system in which a charger is connected to a battery mounted in a battery system, and charging power is supplied from the charger to the battery to charge the battery. Includes an electric quantity detector that detects an electric quantity indicating the amount of electricity stored in the battery , a memory that stores a predetermined charging pattern according to the type of the battery, and battery state information related to the life of the battery. adding a battery state information storage section for storing the electric quantity and the battery state information accumulated in the battery state information accumulation section-out based on the charge pattern stored in the memory to be constantly detected by the electric quantity detector and and a reference value generating circuit for generating a reference value of the charging, the charger includes a power supply unit for supplying power for charging the battery on the basis of the reference value from the reference value generating circuit And a control device for controlling the charging power supplied from the electric supply unit, the control device, when it can not be controlled by the reference value of the charging from the reference value generating circuit of the battery system, the performance of the charger The reference value generation circuit calculates and outputs the reference value for charging again in consideration of the performance of the charger .

請求項２の発明に係わる充電システムは、請求項１に記載の発明において、前記電池システムは、移動体に搭載されることを特徴とする。 A charging system according to a second aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect of the invention, the battery system is mounted on a moving body.

請求項３の発明に係わる充電システムの制御方法は、電池システムに搭載された電池に充電器を接続し、前記充電器から前記電池に充電電力を供給して前記電池を充電する充電システムの制御方法において、前記電池システム側で、前記電池の蓄電量を示す電気量を検出し、前記電気量、前記電池の種類に応じて予め定められた充電パターン及び前記電池の寿命に関連する電池状態情報に基づいて充電の基準値を発生し、前記充電器から前記充電器の性能が送信されてきたときは、再度、充電の基準値を演算し、充電の基準値を前記充電器に送信し、前記充電器側では、前記電池システムから送信されてきた充電の基準値に基づいて前記電池に充電電力を供給し、前記電池システムから送信されてきた充電の基準値による制御ができないときは前記充電器の性能を前記基準値発生回路に送信することを特徴とする。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for a charging system in which a charger is connected to a battery mounted in a battery system, and charging power is supplied from the charger to the battery to charge the battery. In the method, the battery system side detects an amount of electricity indicating the amount of electricity stored in the battery, and a battery state information related to the amount of electricity, a predetermined charging pattern according to the type of the battery, and the life of the battery. When a charging reference value is generated based on the performance of the charger, the charging reference value is calculated again, and the charging reference value is transmitted to the charger. in the charger-side, based on the reference value of the charge that is transmitted from the cell system to supply charging power to the battery, when it can not be controlled by the reference value of the charge that is transmitted from the cell system And transmitting the performance of the charger to the reference value generating circuit.

本発明によれば、電池システムに搭載された電池への充電の基準値を電池システムから充電器に送信し、充電器は電池システムから送信されてきた充電の基準値に基づき、電池への充電電力を供給するので、電池システムに搭載された電池の種類によらず、その電池の充電特性に従って充電器から充電することができる。また、電池の寿命に関連する電池状態情報を加味して得られた充電の基準値を電池システムから充電器に送信するので、電池の長寿命化を図ることができる。   According to the present invention, a reference value for charging a battery mounted in the battery system is transmitted from the battery system to the charger, and the charger charges the battery based on the reference value for charging transmitted from the battery system. Since power is supplied, the battery can be charged from the charger according to the charging characteristics of the battery regardless of the type of battery mounted in the battery system. In addition, since the charging reference value obtained by taking into account the battery state information related to the battery life is transmitted from the battery system to the charger, the battery life can be extended.

（第１の実施の形態）
図１は本発明の第１の実施の形態に係わる充電システムの構成図である。電池システム１１に搭載された電池１２は、電池システム１１の駆動電源となる電力を蓄積するものであり、電池１２の蓄電量を示す電気量は電気量検出器２５で検出される。図１では電気量検出器２５として、電池１２の端子電圧を検出する電圧変成器ＰＴ及び電池１２の端子電流を検出する電流変成器ＣＴを示している。電池１２の蓄電量を示す電気量は基準値発生回路２６に入力される。また、メモリ２７には、電池システム１１に搭載された電池１２の種類に応じて予め定められた適切な充電パターンが記憶されている。基準値発生回路２６は、電気量検出器２５で時々刻々検出される電気量及びメモリ２７に記憶された充電パターンに基づいて充電の基準値を発生する。 (First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a charging system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The battery 12 mounted on the battery system 11 accumulates electric power to be a driving power source for the battery system 11, and the amount of electricity indicating the amount of electricity stored in the battery 12 is detected by the amount-of-electricity detector 25. In FIG. 1, a voltage transformer PT that detects the terminal voltage of the battery 12 and a current transformer CT that detects the terminal current of the battery 12 are shown as the electric quantity detector 25. The amount of electricity indicating the amount of electricity stored in the battery 12 is input to the reference value generation circuit 26. In addition, the memory 27 stores an appropriate charging pattern that is predetermined according to the type of the battery 12 mounted in the battery system 11. The reference value generation circuit 26 generates a reference value for charging based on the amount of electricity detected every moment by the amount of electricity detector 25 and the charging pattern stored in the memory 27.

ここで、基準値発生回路２６が充電の基準値を発生するのに必要とする電気量が電圧及び電流のいずれか一方である場合には、電圧及び電流のうちの必要とするいずれか一方を電気量検出器２５から入力し、電圧及び電流の双方を必要とする場合には電圧及び電流の双方を電気量検出器２５から入力することになる。電池１２には電源線１４ａが接続され、基準値発生回路２６には通信線１５ａが接続されている。電源線１４ａ及び通信線１５ａは一つのケーブル１６ａにまとめられて電池システム１１の外部に引き出され、端部にコネクタ１７ａが設けられている。 Here, when the amount of electricity required for the reference value generation circuit 26 to generate the reference value for charging is one of voltage and current, one of the voltage and current required is calculated. When input from the electric quantity detector 25 and both voltage and current are required, both voltage and current are input from the electric quantity detector 25. A power line 14 a is connected to the battery 12, and a communication line 15 a is connected to the reference value generation circuit 26 . The power supply line 14a and the communication line 15a are combined into one cable 16a and drawn out of the battery system 11, and a connector 17a is provided at the end.

一方、充電器１８は、電池システム１１の電池１２を充電するための電力を供給するための電源部１９と、電源部１９からの出力電力を示す電気量を検出する電気量検出器２９と、電源部１９からの出力電力を制御する制御装置２０とを有し、電源部１９は交流電源２２の交流電力を直流電力に変換する電力変換器２３と、制御装置２０からの指令に基づいて電力変換器２３のゲートをオンオフ制御するゲート制御回路２４とを有している。そして、電力変換器２３には電源線１４ｂが接続され、制御装置２０には通信線１５ｂが接続されている。電源線１４ｂ及び通信線１５ｂは一つのケーブル１６ｂにまとめられて外部に引き出され端部にコネクタ１７ｂが設けられている。   On the other hand, the charger 18 includes a power supply unit 19 for supplying electric power for charging the battery 12 of the battery system 11, an electric quantity detector 29 for detecting an electric quantity indicating output power from the power supply unit 19, And a control device 20 that controls the output power from the power supply unit 19, and the power supply unit 19 converts the AC power of the AC power supply 22 into DC power and power based on a command from the control device 20. And a gate control circuit 24 that controls on / off of the gate of the converter 23. A power line 14 b is connected to the power converter 23, and a communication line 15 b is connected to the control device 20. The power supply line 14b and the communication line 15b are combined into a single cable 16b and drawn to the outside, and a connector 17b is provided at the end.

電池システム１１の電池１２を充電するには、電池システム１１のケーブル１６ａのコネクタ１７ａと充電器１８のケーブル１６ｂのコネクタ１７ｂとを接続する。これにより、電池システム１１の電源線１４ａと充電器１８の電源線１４ｂとが接続されるとともに、電池システム１１の通信線１５ａと充電器１８の通信線１５ｂとがそれぞれ接続される。この状態で充電器１８の制御装置２０は、通信線１５ａ、１５ｂを介して電池システム１１の基準値発生回路２６から充電の基準値を入力し、電気量検出器２９で検出された電源部１９の電気量を監視しながら、その基準値に従って電源部１９の出力電力を制御する。つまり、基準値発生回路２６からの充電の基準値に従って、電力変換器２３から電池１２に電力が供給できるようにゲート制御回路２４を制御する。ここで、制御装置２０は、電池システム１１の電池１２を充電制御する際に必要とする電気量が電圧及び電流のいずれか一方である場合には、電圧及び電流のうちの必要とするいずれか一方を電気量検出器２９から入力し、電圧及び電流を必要とする場合には電圧及び電流の双方を電気量検出器２９から入力することになる。 In order to charge the battery 12 of the battery system 11, the connector 17a of the cable 16a of the battery system 11 and the connector 17b of the cable 16b of the charger 18 are connected. Thereby, the power supply line 14a of the battery system 11 and the power supply line 14b of the charger 18 are connected, and the communication line 15a of the battery system 11 and the communication line 15b of the charger 18 are respectively connected. In this state, the control device 20 of the charger 18 inputs the charging reference value from the reference value generating circuit 26 of the battery system 11 via the communication lines 15 a and 15 b, and the power supply unit 19 detected by the electric quantity detector 29. While monitoring the amount of electricity, the output power of the power supply unit 19 is controlled according to the reference value. That is, the gate control circuit 24 is controlled so that power can be supplied from the power converter 23 to the battery 12 in accordance with the charging reference value from the reference value generating circuit 26. Here, when the amount of electricity required for controlling charging of the battery 12 of the battery system 11 is one of voltage and current, the control device 20 is one of the voltage and current required. One is input from the electrical quantity detector 29, and when voltage and current are required, both voltage and current are input from the electrical quantity detector 29.

図２は、電池システム１１のメモリ２７に予め記憶される電池１２の充電パターンの例示の説明図である。図２では、電池１２の種類に応じて採り得る適切な４個の充電パターン１〜４を例示している。充電パターンは充電の基準値を発生させるためのパターンである。   FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the charging pattern of the battery 12 stored in advance in the memory 27 of the battery system 11. In FIG. 2, four appropriate charging patterns 1 to 4 that can be taken according to the type of the battery 12 are illustrated. The charging pattern is a pattern for generating a reference value for charging.

充電パターン１は、充電の基準値として充電開始時に所定の一定電流値Ｉ１で充電を行い、電池１２の端子電圧が所定値になったら（時点ｔ１）、充電電流値を単調減少させていき、電池１２の端子電圧が充電最大電圧値になったら（時点ｔ２）、充電を終了する充電パターンである。   The charging pattern 1 is charged with a predetermined constant current value I1 at the start of charging as a reference value for charging. When the terminal voltage of the battery 12 reaches a predetermined value (time point t1), the charging current value is monotonously decreased. When the terminal voltage of the battery 12 reaches the maximum charging voltage value (time point t2), the charging pattern ends charging.

充電パターン２は、充電の基準値として充電開始時は電流値Ｉ２で充電を行い、電池１２の端子電圧の上昇とともに、段階的に小さくなる電流値で充電を行う充電パターンであり、電池１２の端子電圧が充電最大電圧値になったら、充電を終了する充電パターンである。   The charging pattern 2 is a charging pattern in which charging is performed at a current value I2 at the start of charging as a reference value for charging, and charging is performed at a current value that decreases stepwise as the terminal voltage of the battery 12 increases. When the terminal voltage reaches the maximum charging voltage value, the charging pattern ends charging.

充電パターン３は、充電の基準値として充電開始から充電終了まで一定電流値Ｉ３で充電を行う充電パターンであり、電池１２の端子電圧が充電最大電圧値になったら、充電を終了する充電パターンである。   The charging pattern 3 is a charging pattern in which charging is performed at a constant current value I3 from the start of charging to the end of charging as a reference value for charging. When the terminal voltage of the battery 12 reaches the maximum charging voltage value, the charging pattern ends charging. is there.

充電パターン４は、充電の基準値として充電開始から充電終了まで一定電流値Ｉ４で断続的に充電を行う充電パターンであり、電池１２の端子電圧が充電最大電圧値になったら、充電を終了する充電パターンである。ここで示した４個の充電パターン１〜４では、充電の基準値として電流基準値を発生する場合について示しているが電圧基準値とすることも可能である。   The charging pattern 4 is a charging pattern in which charging is intermittently performed at a constant current value I4 from the start of charging to the end of charging as a reference value for charging. When the terminal voltage of the battery 12 reaches the maximum charging voltage value, the charging ends. It is a charge pattern. In the four charging patterns 1 to 4 shown here, a case where a current reference value is generated as a reference value for charging is shown, but it is also possible to use a voltage reference value.

電池システム１１のメモリ２７には、このような電池１２の充電パターンのうち、電池１２の種類に応じた適切な充電パターンが予め記憶されており、基準値発生回路２６は、電気量検出器２５で時々刻々検出される電気量に基づいて電池１２の充電状態を判断し、その電池１２の充電状態で適切な充電の基準値を充電パターンに従って出力する。例えば、電池１２の充電状態に基づいて充電パターンの充電開始時の電流値Ｉ１〜Ｉ４や電池１２の充電最大電圧値を決定したり、また、充電パターン２の場合には段階的に小さくする電流値、充電パターン４の場合には断続する間隔を決定したりして充電の基準値を発生する。従って、基準値発生回路２６で発生する充電の基準値は、同じ充電パターンであっても充電開始時の電流値Ｉ１〜Ｉ４や充電電流を供給する時間間隔が異なり、また、電池１２の充電状態により時々刻々変化する。   In the memory 27 of the battery system 11, among the charge patterns of the battery 12, an appropriate charge pattern corresponding to the type of the battery 12 is stored in advance, and the reference value generation circuit 26 includes the electric quantity detector 25. Then, the state of charge of the battery 12 is determined based on the amount of electricity detected from time to time, and an appropriate charging reference value is output according to the charge pattern in the state of charge of the battery 12. For example, the current values I1 to I4 at the start of charging of the charging pattern and the charging maximum voltage value of the battery 12 are determined based on the charging state of the battery 12, or in the case of the charging pattern 2, the current is gradually reduced. In the case of the value and the charge pattern 4, a reference value for charging is generated by determining an intermittent interval. Therefore, the reference value of the charge generated by the reference value generation circuit 26 is different in the time values for supplying the current values I1 to I4 and the charge current at the start of charging even in the same charge pattern, and the charging state of the battery 12 It will change from time to time.

基準値発生回路２６で発生した充電の基準値は、前述したように充電器１８に送信され、充電器１８の制御装置２０は、送信されてきた充電の基準値に基づいてゲート制御回路２４にゲート指令を出力し電源部１９の出力電力を制御する。   The reference value of charging generated by the reference value generating circuit 26 is transmitted to the charger 18 as described above, and the control device 20 of the charger 18 sends the reference value of charging to the gate control circuit 24 based on the transmitted reference value of charging. A gate command is output to control the output power of the power supply unit 19.

ここで、充電器１８の制御装置２０は、電池システム１１の基準値発生回路２６から充電の基準値による制御ができないとき、つまり、充電器１８の能力を超える充電の基準値であるときは、充電器１８の性能（最大電圧、最大電流）を電池システム１１の基準値発生回路２６に送信する。基準値発生回路２６は、充電器１８の性能を考慮して、再度、充電の基準値を演算し出力することになる。   Here, when the control device 20 of the charger 18 cannot be controlled by the reference value of the charge from the reference value generation circuit 26 of the battery system 11, that is, when the reference value of the charge exceeds the capacity of the charger 18, The performance (maximum voltage, maximum current) of the charger 18 is transmitted to the reference value generation circuit 26 of the battery system 11. The reference value generation circuit 26 calculates and outputs the reference value for charging again in consideration of the performance of the charger 18.

第１の実施の形態によれば、電力の供給を受ける電池システム１１の電池１２の種類に合わせて、電池システム１１の基準値発生回路２６が充電の基準値を充電器１８に送信し、充電器１８は電池システム１１からの充電の基準値に基づいて充電電力を供給するので、充電器１８は多種多様な電池システム１１の電池１２に対して充電を行うことができる。   According to the first embodiment, the reference value generation circuit 26 of the battery system 11 transmits the reference value for charging to the charger 18 in accordance with the type of the battery 12 of the battery system 11 that receives power supply, and charging is performed. Since the charger 18 supplies charging power based on the reference value for charging from the battery system 11, the charger 18 can charge the batteries 12 of various battery systems 11.

（第２の実施の形態）
図３は本発明の第２の実施の形態に係わる充電システムの構成図である。この第２の実施の形態は、図１に示した第１の実施の形態に対し、電池１２の寿命に関連する電池状態情報を蓄積する電池状態情報蓄積部２８を追加して設けたものである。図１と同一要素には同一符号を付し重複する説明は省略する。 (Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a charging system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, a battery state information storage unit 28 for storing battery state information related to the life of the battery 12 is additionally provided to the first embodiment shown in FIG. is there. The same elements as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

電池状態情報蓄積部２８は、電池１２の寿命に関連する電池状態情報を蓄積するものであり、電池１２の固有情報に加え時々刻々変動する変動情報も蓄積している。電池１２の固有情報は、最大電圧、最大電流、最大温度、経年劣化度合、充電特性等であり、変動情報は、電池電圧、電池温度、電池使用開始からの経過時間、充電経過時間、使用年数（年齢）、使用履歴、充電履歴等である。   The battery state information accumulating unit 28 accumulates battery state information related to the life of the battery 12, and accumulates fluctuation information that changes every moment in addition to the unique information of the battery 12. The specific information of the battery 12 is the maximum voltage, the maximum current, the maximum temperature, the aging deterioration degree, the charging characteristics, and the like. (Age), usage history, charging history, and the like.

そして、基準値発生回路２６は、電気量検出器２５で時々刻々検出される電気量に加え、電池状態情報蓄積部２８に蓄積された電池状態情報も加味して充電の基準値を発生する。また、電池システム１１のメモリ２７には、複数個の充電パターンが記憶されており、電池状態情報も加味して充電パターンを変更した方が良い場合には充電パターンも変更できるようになっている。 The reference value generation circuit 26 generates a reference value for charging in consideration of the battery state information stored in the battery state information storage unit 28 in addition to the amount of electricity detected every moment by the electricity detector 25. The memory 27 of the battery system 11 stores a plurality of charging patterns. When it is better to change the charging pattern in consideration of the battery state information, the charging pattern can be changed. .

例えば、基準値発生回路２６は、電池１２の使用年数及び経年劣化度合から判断して、充電パターンｉであったものを充電パターンｘに変更した方が電池１２の長寿命化が図れる場合には、所定の使用年数が経過したときには充電パターンｘに変更する。また、最大電流以上となる使用履歴や、急速充電が所定回数以上である充電履歴がある場合には、充電開始時の初期電流値を低めの電流値にしたりして、電池１２に掛かる負担を軽減できるような充電の基準値を発生する。
For example, the reference value generation circuit 26 determines the life of the battery 12 by changing the charge pattern i to the charge pattern x based on the age of the battery 12 and the degree of deterioration over time. When the predetermined age has elapsed, the charging pattern is changed to x. In addition, when there is a usage history that exceeds the maximum current or a charging history in which quick charging is a predetermined number of times or more, the initial current value at the start of charging is set to a lower current value, and the load on the battery 12 is reduced. A reference value for charging that can be reduced is generated.

第２の実施の形態によれば、第１の実施の形態の効果に加え、電池１２に対し充電による負担を軽減できるので、電池１２の長寿命化を図ることができる。   According to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the burden on the battery 12 due to charging can be reduced, so the life of the battery 12 can be extended.

本発明の第１の実施の形態に係わる充電システムの構成図。1 is a configuration diagram of a charging system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１の実施の形態における電池システムのメモリに予め記憶される電池の充電パターンの説明図。Explanatory drawing of the charge pattern of the battery previously memorize | stored in the memory of the battery system in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施の形態に係わる充電システムの構成図。The block diagram of the charge system concerning the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 従来の充電システムの構成図。The block diagram of the conventional charging system.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１１…電池システム、１２…電池、１３…電池情報送信部、１４…電源線、１５…通信線、１６…ケーブル、１７…コネクタ、１８…充電器、１９…電源部、２０…制御装置、２１…メモリ、２２…交流電源、２３…電力変換器、２４…ゲート制御回路、２５…、２６…基準値発生回路、２７…メモリ、２８…電池状態情報蓄積部、２９…電気量検出器
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Battery system, 12 ... Battery, 13 ... Battery information transmission part, 14 ... Power supply line, 15 ... Communication line, 16 ... Cable, 17 ... Connector, 18 ... Charger, 19 ... Power supply part, 20 ... Control apparatus, 21 ... Memory, 22 ... AC power supply, 23 ... Power converter, 24 ... Gate control circuit, 25 ..., 26 ... Reference value generation circuit, 27 ... Memory, 28 ... Battery state information storage unit, 29 ... Electric quantity detector

Claims (3)

電池システムに搭載された電池に充電器を接続し、前記充電器から前記電池に充電電力を供給して前記電池を充電する充電システムにおいて、
前記電池システムは、前記電池の蓄電量を示す電気量を検出する電気量検出器と、
前記電池の種類に応じて予め定められた充電パターンを記憶したメモリと、
前記電池の寿命に関連する電池状態情報を蓄積する電池状態情報蓄積部と、
前記電気量検出器で時々刻々検出される電気量及び前記メモリに記憶された充電パターンに基づき前記電池状態情報蓄積部に蓄積された電池状態情報を加味して充電の基準値を発生する基準値発生回路とを有し、
前記充電器は、前記電池を充電するための電力を供給する電源部と、
前記基準値発生回路からの基準値に基づき前記電源部から供給する充電電力を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記電池システムの基準値発生回路からの充電の基準値による制御ができないときは、前記充電器の性能を前記基準値発生回路に送信し、前記基準値発生回路は前記充電器の性能を考慮して、再度、充電の基準値を演算し出力することを特徴とする充電システム。 In a charging system for connecting a charger to a battery mounted in a battery system, and charging the battery by supplying charging power from the charger to the battery,
The battery system includes an electric quantity detector that detects an electric quantity indicating an amount of electricity stored in the battery;
A memory storing a predetermined charging pattern according to the type of the battery;
A battery state information storage unit for storing battery state information related to the life of the battery;
Generating a reference value of the charging in consideration of the amount of electricity and battery status information stored in the battery state information accumulation section-out based on the charge pattern stored in the memory to be constantly detected by the electric quantity detector A reference value generating circuit,
The charger includes a power supply for supplying power for charging the battery;
A control device for controlling charging power supplied from the power supply unit based on a reference value from the reference value generating circuit ;
The control device transmits the performance of the charger to the reference value generation circuit when the control based on the reference value for charging from the reference value generation circuit of the battery system cannot be performed, and the reference value generation circuit In consideration of the performance of the charging system, the charging system calculates and outputs the charging reference value again . 前記電池システムは、移動体に搭載されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の充電システム。 The charging system according to claim 1 , wherein the battery system is mounted on a moving body. 電池システムに搭載された電池に充電器を接続し、前記充電器から前記電池に充電電力を供給して前記電池を充電する充電システムの制御方法において、
前記電池システム側で、前記電池の蓄電量を示す電気量を検出し、
前記電気量、前記電池の種類に応じて予め定められた充電パターン及び前記電池の寿命に関連する電池状態情報に基づいて充電の基準値を発生し、
前記充電器から前記充電器の性能が送信されてきたときは、再度、充電の基準値を演算し、
充電の基準値を前記充電器に送信し、
前記充電器側では、前記電池システムから送信されてきた充電の基準値に基づいて前記電池に充電電力を供給し、
前記電池システムから送信されてきた充電の基準値による制御ができないときは前記充電器の性能を前記基準値発生回路に送信することを特徴とする充電システムの制御方法。 In a control method of a charging system for connecting a charger to a battery mounted in a battery system and supplying the charging power from the charger to the battery to charge the battery,
On the battery system side, an amount of electricity indicating the amount of electricity stored in the battery is detected,
A reference value for charging is generated based on battery state information related to the amount of electricity, a predetermined charging pattern according to the type of the battery, and the life of the battery,
When the performance of the charger has been transmitted from the charger, the charge reference value is calculated again,
Transmits a reference value of the charging to said battery charger,
On the charger side, charging power is supplied to the battery based on a reference value for charging transmitted from the battery system,
A control method for a charging system, comprising: transmitting the performance of the charger to the reference value generation circuit when control based on a reference value for charging transmitted from the battery system is not possible .
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