JP4200562B2 - Automotive back door structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a back door structure that can be freely opened and closed at the rear of an automobile.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a general automobile, a recess is formed on the floor panel surface in the cargo compartment, and a spare tire is accommodated in the recess. However, if such a storage structure is adopted in an RV vehicle or the like used for leisure, it is not possible to sufficiently secure the rough road and the cargo space capacity. Therefore, in the RV vehicle, a spare tire is supported on the outer surface of the back door. A so-called back type spare tire is employed (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-156598).
[0003]
[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]
By the way, in the case where the spare tire is supported on the outer surface of the back door, the spare tire is attached and detached on the outer panel side of the back door.
[0004]
Therefore, in the case where the spare tire is supported on the outer surface of the back door, there is a problem that the spare tire or the like comes into contact with the outer panel and damages the outer panel during the attaching / detaching operation.
[0005]
If the outer panel is damaged in this way, there is a high possibility that oxidation and corrosion occur due to the property of the outer panel, and there is a possibility that the appearance deteriorates and the support rigidity of the spare tire deteriorates.
[0006]
The present invention has been invented in view of the above-described problems. In order to ensure the running performance of a rough road and the capacity of a luggage compartment, the outer panel is supported when the spare tire is attached to or detached from the back door while the spare tire is supported on the back door. An object of the present invention is to provide an automobile back door structure that prevents damage to the vehicle.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 1 is a back door structure provided at the rear part of the automobile so as to be openable and closable. The back door includes an upper door provided with a window glass, and a lower door composed of an outer panel and an inner panel, A spare tire storage is provided in the space between the inner panel and the outer panel of the lower door, a pivot is provided at the lower end of the lower door, and the lower door is held in a horizontal state when the lower door is opened rearward. A holding member is provided, and a tool storage portion is provided in the inner panel on the outer peripheral side of the spare tire storage portion, and a board member is provided on the inner panel surface so as to cover the spare tire storage portion and the tool storage portion. A spare tire bracket for defining a position for fixing the spare tire in the spare tire storage portion is provided. It is formed in a substantially T-shaped tripod shape, of which both legs extend in the vehicle width direction and are joined to the inner panel, and the remaining monopod extends downward and is joined to the inner panel when the lower door is closed. .
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a back door structure for an automobile according to the first aspect, further comprising auxiliary force applying means for applying an auxiliary force in the closing direction when the lower door is rotated in the closing direction. .
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the back door structure for an automobile according to the second aspect, the auxiliary force applying means is a damper member disposed at a lower part of a vehicle body and linked to the rotation fulcrum.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the back door structure of the automobile according to the first to third aspects, the lower door is configured so as to form a surface continuous with the vehicle body floor when the lower door is held in a horizontal state. A board member is attached to the inner panel surface.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the back door structure for an automobile according to the first to fourth aspects, the board member is configured to be openable and closable with a lower end of the inner panel as a rotation fulcrum.
[0013]
[Action and effect]
According to the back door structure of the automobile according to claim 1, since the spare tire is attached / detached from the inner panel side, when the spare tire is attached / detached, the spare tire does not interfere with the outer panel, and the outer panel is damaged. Can be prevented.
[0014]
As a result, the spare tire is supported by the back door, and the appearance of the outer panel can be improved and the support rigidity of the spare tire can be maintained for a long period of time while ensuring the rough road running performance and the cargo space capacity.
[0015]
In addition, the weight of the back door, which increases due to the installation of spare tires, is reduced by dividing it into an upper door with a window glass and a lower door with a spare tire storage part, so that each door can be opened and closed easily. Can be maintained well.
[0016]
Furthermore, since the lower door is held in a horizontal state when the lower door is opened rearward, the spare tire storage portion is positioned upward, and the spare tire can be easily attached and detached.
[0017]
According to an automobile back door structure 請 Motomeko 2 wherein, with respect to the lower door, the auxiliary force in the closing direction by the auxiliary-force applying means is applied, the spare tire is housed, increased lower door weight With a light operating force, the horizontal state can be easily changed to the closed vertical state.
[0018]
According to the back door structure of the automobile according to claim 3, the auxiliary force is applied to the opening side of the back door by using the damper member disposed at the lower part of the vehicle body and linked to the rotation fulcrum as the auxiliary force applying means. Since it is not necessary to provide a layout space for the means, a wide opening of the back door can be secured.
[0019]
According to the automobile back door structure of the fourth aspect, the board member constituting the surface continuous with the vehicle body floor surface is attached to the inner panel surface, thereby eliminating a step or the like between the cargo compartment and the lower door. It is possible to easily load the cargo room.
[0020]
According to the automobile back door structure of the fifth aspect, the spare tire can be attached / detached from all directions on the rear and side of the lower door without removing the board member when the spare tire is attached / detached. .
[0021]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall exploded perspective view of the vicinity of a back door of an automobile employing the present invention.
A rear glass hatch (upper door) 10 made of a window glass 11 and a rear gate body (lower door) 20 made of an inner panel 21 and an outer panel 22 are opened and closed independently at the rear part of the vehicle V. It is provided to do.
[0022]
The rear glass hatch 10 is fixed to the vehicle body via a rear glass hinge 12 provided at the upper part of the vehicle body opening 1 and is configured to open upward around a hinge shaft extending in the horizontal direction, and is attached from a rear glass hatch damper 13. It is configured to receive the force and hold the open state when opened.
[0023]
The rear gate body 20 is fixed to the vehicle body via a rear gate link 23 and a rear gate hinge 24 provided at a lower side portion of the vehicle body opening, and is configured to open downward around a hinge shaft extending in the horizontal direction. For the sake of convenience, the drawing shows an exploded state with the rear gate mounting bolt 25 removed.
[0024]
The rear gate link 23 is provided with an extending portion 23a extending downward from the rear gate hinge 24, and a rear gate damper 4 extending rearward of the vehicle body from the bracket 3 fixed to the rear side frame 2 at the distal end of the extending portion 23a. One end is attached.
[0025]
Between the upper end of the rear gate link 23 and the side of the vehicle body opening, a rear gate holder 25 having a folding fulcrum at the intermediate portion is attached, and the rear gate body 20 is held in a horizontal state. A rear gate lock striker 5 is fixed above the rear gate holder 25 and is configured to lock a lock mechanism 26 (described later) provided on the rear gate body 20.
[0026]
An opening 27 larger than the diameter of the spare tire S is provided in the inner panel 21 of the rear gate body 20 so that the spare tire S can be stored in the space 28 between the inner panel 21 and the outer panel 22 from the opening 27. A tripod-like spare tire bracket 29 is fixed to the back surface of the opening periphery. Thus, the spare tire storage unit 30 is configured.
[0027]
The spare tire S is fixed to the nut plate 31 welded and fixed to the center portion of the spare tire bracket 29 via a spare tire fixing bolt 32 and stored in the spare tire storage portion 30. For convenience, the drawing shows an exploded state with the spare tire S removed. In addition, a plurality of tool storage portions 40, 41, 42 are formed on the inner panel 21.
[0028]
On the surface of the inner panel 21, a rear gate lower trim 50 (board member) formed of a substantially square plate member covers the entire surface including the spare tire storage unit 30 and the tool storage units 41, 42, 43. It is attached so as to be openable and closable via a rotating hinge 51 provided at the lower end.
[0029]
A rear bumper part 60 is attached to the lower part of the outer panel 21 of the rear gate body 20 in the vehicle width direction. When the rear gate body is closed, both sides 61 and 62 of the rear bumper provided on the vehicle body side and one rear bumper are provided. It is comprised so that.
[0030]
The rear gate body will be described in more detail with reference to the detailed perspective view of FIG.
[0031]
As described above, the inner panel 21 of the rear gate body is formed with the opening 27 so that the spare tire S can be attached and detached from the inner panel side, and the tripod-shaped spare tire bracket 29 is fixed. A spare tire storage unit 30 is formed in the space 28.
[0032]
Each of the tripod-shaped spare tire brackets 29 is joined to both side portions 21a, 21b of the opening periphery and the lower portion 21c, and the position of the nut plate 31 for fixing the spare tire S is surely prevented from being displaced in the horizontal and vertical directions. Defines the position.
[0033]
Further, the inner panel 21 is provided with a plurality of tool storage portions 40, 41, and 42. When the spare tire S is removed from the rear gate body 20, each tool storage portion has its respective tool (jack, jack operation member, etc.). Are installed on three sides around the spare tire storage unit 30 so as to be easily taken out at the same time.
[0034]
The rear gate lower trim 50 is locked to the inner panel 21 by two lock levers 52 provided at the upper end of the rear gate lower trim so that the rear gate lower trim 50 is fixed to the inner panel 21 surface when the rear gate body 20 is closed.
[0035]
A rear gate lock mechanism 26 that engages with the above-described rear gate lock striker 5 is provided on both sides of the inner panel, and is configured to lock when the rear gate body 20 is closed.
[0036]
A rear gate upper trim 60 is attached to the upper end of the inner panel so as to form a continuous surface with the rear gate lower trim 50 when the rear gate lower trim is closed.
[0037]
Next, the state when the rear glass hatch 10 and the rear gate body 20 are closed and opened will be described in detail with reference to cross-sectional views of the rear part of the vehicle body shown in FIGS.
[0038]
Components described in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
A roof panel 7a is disposed at the upper part of the vehicle body, and a rear header member 7b constituting a rear header is welded to the rear end of the roof panel. Below the roof panel 7a, a top ceiling 8 that constitutes the ceiling of the passenger compartment and the cargo compartment is disposed.
[0039]
A rear side frame 2 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body is disposed at the lower part of the vehicle body, and a floor panel 70 constituting a floor surface of the passenger compartment and the cargo compartment is joined to the upper surface thereof. A rear end cross member 71 extending in the direction is joined.
[0040]
A floor mat 72 is spread on the upper surface of the floor panel 70, and a set plate 73 extending in the vehicle width direction is attached to the rear end thereof.
[0041]
An imaginary line above the floor panel 70 indicates the rear seat 80, and a space behind the rear seat 80 is a cargo space T. A circular imaginary line indicates the rear tire 81.
[0042]
A rear glass hatch opening / closing operation knob 14 is provided at the lower end of the rear glass hatch 10, and a glass hatch striker 15 is fixed on the vehicle interior side corresponding to the knob 14.
[0043]
A glass hatch lock mechanism 33 that locks the glass hatch striker 15 is provided at the upper end of the rear gate body 20 so as to be covered by the rear gate upper trim 60, and the rear gate body lock is provided above the outer panel 22 of the rear gate body 20. An opening / closing operation mechanism 34 that performs release and opening / closing operations is provided. A license plate 63 is attached to the rear bumper 60 fixed to the outer panel 22.
[0044]
When the rear glass hatch 10 and the rear gate body 20 are closed, the glass hatch striker 15 provided at the lower end of the rear glass hatch 10 is locked to the glass hatch lock mechanism 33 at the upper end of the rear gate body 20 as shown in FIG. The rear gate body 20 is closed by engaging a rear gate lock mechanism 26 (not shown in FIG. 3) with the rear gate lock striker 5 fixed to the vehicle body.
[0045]
In this closed state, the rear gate damper 4 installed below the vehicle body extends and does not receive a compressive force from the rear gate link extension 23a, so that no repulsive force is generated.
[0046]
When the rear glass hatch 10 and the rear gate body 20 are opened, as shown in FIG. 4, the rear glass hatch 10 releases the glass hatch striker 15 from the glass hatch lock mechanism 33, whereby the glass hatch damper 13 (not shown in FIG. 4). ), The rear gate body 20 is tilted rearward and released by releasing the rear gate lock mechanism 26 (not shown in FIG. 4) from the rear gate lock striker 5.
[0047]
The opening position of the rear gate body 20 is set so that the surface of the rear gate lower trim 50 is continuous with the surface of the floor panel 70 by providing the hinge shaft 24a of the rear gate hinge 24 lower than the surface of the floor panel 70 and providing the rear gate holder 25. Has been. Thereby, it is possible to facilitate the loading operation of the luggage.
[0048]
In this open state, the rear gate damper 4 installed below the vehicle body contracts and receives a compressive force from the rear gate link extension 23a, so that a repulsive force is generated.
[0049]
The operation when the rear gate link 23 and the rear gate damper 4 are opened and closed will be described with reference to the operation schematic diagram of the rear gate link and the rear gate damper shown in FIG.
[0050]
Reference numeral 23 is a rear gate link, 4 is a rear gate damper, 24 is a rear gate hinge, and 3 is a bracket. The rear gate hinge 24 and the bracket 3 are fixed to the vehicle body, and the other members are configured to freely rotate and move.
[0051]
First, the state indicated by the solid line is when the rear gate body is closed. In this state, the connection point P between the rear gate link 23 and the rear gate damper 4 is located at the rearmost side of the vehicle body (1), and the rear gate damper 4 extends and does not receive a compressive force, so no repulsive force is generated.
[0052]
The state indicated by the two-dot chain line moving in the direction of the arrow is when the rear gate body is opened. At this time, the connection point P between the rear gate link and the rear gate damper gradually moves forward as indicated by an arrow, and is positioned (2) most forward in the vehicle body with the rear gate link held in a horizontal state. At this transition, the rear gate damper 4 gradually contracts, receives a compressive force, and generates a large repulsive force.
[0053]
By operating in this manner, the rear gate body 20 is applied with a force (auxiliary force) in the closing direction from the rear gate damper 4 in an opened state. Therefore, when the rear gate body 20 is lifted and operated in the closing direction. As compared with the case without the rear gate damper 4, the opening / closing operation can be performed more lightly. On the other hand, since the rear gate body 20 is slowly opened during the opening transition, the safety is also improved.
[0054]
By configuring and operating as described above, the following effects are achieved in this embodiment.
First, since the spare tire storage portion 30 is provided inside the rear gate body 20 and the spare tire S is attached and detached from the inner panel 21 side, the spare tire S is attached to the outer panel 21 when the spare tire is attached and detached. It is possible to prevent the outer panel 20 from being damaged without interference.
[0055]
Therefore, the spare tire S is supported on the rear gate body 20, and the appearance of the outer panel 21 and the support rigidity of the spare tire can be maintained over a long period of time while ensuring the rough road performance and the cargo space capacity.
[0056]
Furthermore, the weight of the back door, which increases due to the attachment of the spare tire S, is reduced by dividing the rear door 10 into the rear glass hatch 10 and the rear gate body 20, and particularly the heavy window glass 11 and the storage portion 30 for the spare tire S are provided. By separating the rear glass hatch 10 and the rear gate body 20 from each other, the respective opening / closing operability can be favorably maintained.
[0057]
Further, when the rear gate body 20 is opened rearward, the rear gate body 20 is held in a horizontal state by the rear gate holder 25, so that the spare tire storage unit 30 faces upward, and the spare tire S can be easily attached and detached. Can be done.
[0058]
Further, since the rear gate damper 4 is provided with a force (auxiliary force) in the closing direction by the rear gate damper 4, the spare tire S is accommodated and the weight of the rear gate body 20 is increased with a light operating force. It is possible to shift from a horizontal state opened to a closed vertical state.
[0059]
By disposing the rear gate damper 4 at the lower part of the vehicle body, it is not necessary to provide a layout space such as a device for applying auxiliary force on the vehicle body opening 1 side, so that the vehicle body opening 1 can be secured widely.
[0060]
Further, by attaching the rear gate lower trim 50 to the inner panel 21 surface of the rear gate body 20 so as to constitute a surface continuous with the floor panel 70 surface, a step or the like is formed between the cargo compartment T and the rear gate lower trim 50. In addition, the loading operation into the luggage compartment T can be easily performed without worrying about the spare tire storage unit 30.
[0061]
Further, the rear gate lower trim 50 is attached to the lower hinge of the inner panel 21 so as to be freely opened and closed, so that the rear gate body 20 can be removed without detaching the rear gate lower trim 50 when the spare tire is attached or detached. The spare tire S can be attached and detached from all directions on the rear and side of the vehicle.
[0062]
Next, the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
Since this embodiment is different from the previous embodiment in the structure of the rear gate body, this point will be described.
[0063]
Unlike the previous embodiment, the inner panel 121 of the rear gate body 120 is configured such that the spare tire storage portion 130 includes a recess 127 that protrudes from the surface of the inner panel 121 into the rear gate body, and is raised and fixed at the center of the recess. The spare tire S is configured to be fixed by providing a spare tire fixing portion 129 to which the nut plate 131 is welded.
[0064]
By configuring the spare tire storage portion 130 in this manner, the spare tire S is prevented from being damaged without interfering with the outer panel 122 when the spare tire is attached and detached as in the above embodiment. The inner panel 121 and the outer panel 122 are sealed between the inner panel 121 and the outer panel 122. For example, when a puncture tire is stored instead of a spare tire, muddy water or the like is scattered in the storage unit 130. However, since it does not enter between the inner panel and the outer panel which are difficult to be subjected to rust prevention treatment, the oxidation and corrosion of the rear gate body can be further prevented.
[0065]
Next, the third embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7 showing the rear part of the vehicle body in the open state of the back door.
The back door of the present embodiment is not divided into a rear glass hatch and a rear gate body as in the two embodiments, but a rear window glass 201 is fixed to one back door 200.
[0066]
The back door 200 is configured as a laterally open type in which a rotary hinge 211 is provided on the side of the vehicle body opening 210 and can be opened and closed around a vertical hinge shaft. A lock striker 212 is provided on the side of the vehicle body opening opposite to the rotary hinge 211, and is configured to lock the lock mechanism 202 provided on the back door 200 when the back door is closed.
[0067]
The inner panel 203 of the back door is provided with a spare tire storage portion 204 that enters in a circular shape so as to store the spare tire S inside the back door 200 in the same manner as in the above embodiment. It is configured to be detachable from the panel 203 side.
[0068]
In addition, the inner panel 203 is provided with tool storage portions 205, 206, and 207 so as to store tools used when changing tires.
[0069]
By configuring the back door 200 as described above, even if the spare tire storage portion 204 is provided on the back door, the spare tire never interferes with the outer panel even when the spare tire is attached or detached. The occurrence of scratches can be prevented.
[0070]
In addition, since the spare tire storage portion is provided on the laterally open back door in this way, the spare tire can be attached and detached freely without affecting the loading and unloading of the luggage.
[0071]
Although various embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and all other examples are included unless departing from the spirit of the present invention. May be.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall exploded perspective view of the vicinity of a back door of an automobile employing the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of the rear gate body (back door). FIG. 3 is a rear sectional view of the vehicle body with the rear gate body (back door) sealed. FIG. 4 is a rear view of the vehicle body with the rear gate body (back door) opened. Sectional view [Fig. 5] Schematic view of operation of rear gate link and rear gate damper [Fig. 6] Detailed perspective view of rear gate body (back door) of second embodiment [Fig. 7] Rear part of vehicle body in back door open state of third embodiment Front view [Explanation of symbols]
V ... Automobile S ... Spare tire 4 ... Rear gate damper (means for providing auxiliary force)
10 ... Rear glass hatch (upper door)
20, 120 ... Rear gate body (lower door)
30, 130, 204 ... Spare tire storage part 21, 121 ... Inner panel 22, 122 ... Outer panel 25 ... Rear gate holder (holding means)
200 ... Backdoor

Claims (5)

In the back door structure that can be opened and closed at the rear of the car,
The back door is composed of an upper door provided with a window glass, and a lower door composed of an outer panel and an inner panel,
A spare tire storage portion is provided in a space between the inner panel and the outer panel of the lower door,
A pivot point is provided at the lower end of the lower door,
When the lower door is opened rearward, a holding means for holding the lower door in a horizontal state is provided,
A tool storage portion for storing the tool in the inner panel on the outer peripheral side than the spare tire storage portion is provided,
A board member is provided on the inner panel surface so as to cover the spare tire storage part and the tool storage part,
A spare tire bracket for defining a position for fixing the spare tire in the spare tire storage portion is provided,
The spare tire bracket is formed in a substantially T-shaped tripod shape, of which both side legs extend in the vehicle width direction and are joined to the inner panel, and the remaining one leg extends downward when the lower door is closed to the inner panel. Joined,
Car back door structure. When the lower door is turned in the closing direction, an auxiliary force applying means for applying an auxiliary force in the closing direction is provided.
The back door structure of the automobile according to claim 1. The auxiliary force applying means is a damper member disposed at the lower part of the vehicle body and linked to the rotation fulcrum.
The back door structure of the automobile according to claim 2. When the lower door is held in a horizontal state, a board member is attached to the inner panel surface of the lower door so as to constitute a surface continuous with the vehicle body floor surface.
The back door structure of the automobile according to claim 1. The board member is configured to be freely openable and closable with the lower end of the inner panel as a pivot point.
The back door structure of the automobile according to claim 1.

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