JP4165038B2 - Electromagnetic pilot type clutch device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electromagnetic pilot type clutch device in which transmission torque does not change even when a clutch plate is worn.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a starting clutch device that transmits the rotational power of a conventional engine to driving wheels, an oil chamber for storing clutch oil is formed in a case, and a main clutch is mounted on a housing that is rotatably supported in the oil chamber in the case. Some have a clutch housing chamber in which an electromagnetic pilot clutch and a cam type amplifying mechanism are housed. The housing is integrally connected to one shaft supported by the case, and the rotating member rotatably supported by the housing in the clutch housing chamber is integrally connected to the other shaft supported by the case. The main clutch has a main outer clutch plate that is engaged with the inner circumferential surface of the clutch housing so that relative rotation is restricted and is movable in the axial direction. The main clutch is alternately arranged with the main outer clutch plate. When the electromagnetic pilot clutch is energized, the transmission torque of the electromagnetic pilot clutch is amplified by the cam type amplifying mechanism, and the main clutch is pressed against the housing. Torque is transmitted between the inner shaft and the inner shaft.
[0003]
In the above-described conventional clutch device, particularly when starting at a low temperature, drag torque is generated in the pilot clutch and the main clutch due to the viscous resistance of the clutch oil, and even when the energization to the electromagnetic pilot clutch is stopped, There is a problem that torque is transmitted between the inner shaft and the inner shaft.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to prevent such a problem, in this type of clutch device, the cam member of the cam type amplifying mechanism is separated from the main clutch by the spring force of the disc spring, and even if drag torque is generated in the pilot clutch, the housing and the inner Torque is not transmitted to or from the shaft.
[0005]
However, in such a clutch device, when the main clutch wears, the gap between the main outer clutch plate and the main inner clutch plate increases, and when the electromagnetic pilot clutch is operated, the main outer clutch plate and the main inner clutch plate Therefore, the distance that the cam member of the cam type amplifying mechanism moves in the main clutch direction is increased. As a result, the spring force of the disc spring changes, and there is a problem that the transmission torque characteristic changes as the main clutch wears.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the structural feature of the invention according to claim 1 is that the one shaft that is rotatably supported on the rotation axis on the case and the one shaft are integrally connected to one end surface, A clutch housing chamber into which oil enters is formed, and a bottomed cylindrical housing having an opening at a rear end thereof, and the other shaft rotatably supported on the rotation axis so as to face the one shaft on the case A stepped cylindrical rotating member that is rotatably supported by the housing, extends into the clutch housing chamber, and is integrally connected to the other shaft; and relative rotation is restricted by the peripheral surface of the clutch housing chamber. Main outer clutch plates that are movably engaged in the axial direction and main inner clutch plates that are alternately arranged with the main outer clutch plates and that are rotationally restricted by the rotating member and movably engaged in the axial direction. A main clutch provided with a plate, a pilot outer clutch plate that is engaged with the outer circumferential surface of the clutch housing chamber so as to be able to move in the axial direction with relative rotation restricted, and a first cam that is alternately arranged with the pilot outer clutch plate A pilot clutch provided with a pilot inner clutch plate engaged with the member so as to be able to move in the axial direction with its relative rotation being restricted, and two rear covers are fixed via an intermediate member of a ring-shaped non-magnetic material, A stepped cylindrical rear cover fixed to the opening of the housing at a position facing the armature across the pilot clutch, and rotatable to the rear cover in a state where rotation is restricted by engaging with the case The pilot outer clutch plate and the pilot that are supported and suck the armature A yoke to which an electromagnetic coil of an electromagnetic pilot clutch that press-contacts the inner clutch plate is fixed, is fitted to the outer periphery of the rotating member so as to be rotatable, and the pilot inner clutch plate is spline-fitted to the outer periphery to be movable in the axial direction. The first cam member, a second cam member positioned between the first cam member and the main clutch in a spline-fitted state with the rotating member, and a plurality of cam followers, which are in contact with the main clutch. The second cam member is moved in the axial direction by the operation of the cam mechanism by the relative rotation of the second cam member and the first cam member that are in contact with each other, and the transmission torque of the pilot clutch is amplified to press-contact the main clutch. In the electromagnetic pilot type clutch device having a cam type amplifying mechanism, the second cam member is connected to the main type clutch device. A disc spring, which is a non-linear spring that urges in a direction to release the clutch, is provided on the stepped portion of the stepped cylindrical rotating member and the second cam member so as to face the spring supporting portion. The cam mechanism operates during the initial assembly of the disc spring between the disc spring and the step portion of the second cam member or the spring support portion. as the second cam member is the amount of deflection of the disc spring at the time of pressing the main clutch, a smaller deflection of ones of the non-linear region where the spring force even if the amount of deflection increases hardly changes by the This is because a shim for adjusting the amount of deflection of the disc spring is interposed .
[0009]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
In the invention according to claim 1 configured as described above, the transmission torque of the electromagnetic pilot clutch is amplified and the second cam member of the cam type amplifying mechanism that press-contacts the main clutch is urged in the direction of releasing from the main clutch. A disc spring, which is a non-linear spring, is provided. When the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic pilot clutch is in a non-energized state, the second cam member is urged in a direction away from the main clutch. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the electromagnetic pilot clutch transmits rotational torque, the first cam member and the second cam member of the cam type amplification mechanism rotate relative to each other, and the second cam member moves in the axial direction. The main clutch is pressed against the main clutch, and torque is transmitted between the housing and the inner shaft. The disc spring is interposed so that when the second cam member presses the main clutch, the disc spring is compressed by a small deflection amount A1 in a non-linear region where the spring force hardly changes even if the deflection amount of the disc spring increases. Therefore, even if the gap increases due to wear of the main outer clutch plate and the main inner clutch plate of the main clutch and the deflection amount of the nonlinear spring changes to the range C2 by the range C, the spring force change range of the nonlinear spring is only h2. The torque characteristics transmitted by the clutch do not change greatly with respect to the current supplied to the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic pilot clutch.
Further, a disc spring that is a non-linear spring that urges the second cam member in a direction to disengage from the main clutch, and a shim that adjusts the amount of deflection at the time of initial assembly of the disc spring are provided on the step of the stepped cylindrical rotating member. Since the gap is formed by the spring support portion provided in the portion and the step portion provided in the second cam member so as to face the spring support portion, the dimension error of the gap in which the nonlinear spring is interposed, the nonlinear spring The variation due to the load error can be adjusted.
[0012]
Embodiment
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a clutch device according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a clutch device 10, a case 11 fixed to a vehicle body, an oil chamber 12 formed in the case 11, a housing 13 rotatably supported in the oil chamber 12 by the case 11, A clutch housing chamber 14 formed in the housing 13, an inner shaft 15 which is a rotating member rotatably supported in the clutch housing chamber 14 by the housing 13, a main clutch 16 housed in the clutch housing chamber 14, and an electromagnetic pilot clutch 17 and the cam type amplifying mechanism 30 are basically configured.
[0013]
The case main body 11a of the clutch device 10 has a cylindrical shape that is open at one rear side. The opening 11 is covered with a rear cover 20 to form the case 11, and an oil chamber 12 in which the clutch oil 19 is stored is provided. It has been. A bottomed cylindrical housing body 13 a having an opening at the rear end is supported on the case 11 so as to be rotatable in the oil chamber 12. Stepped cylindrical rear covers 37 and 38 fixed by welding or the like via a stainless steel intermediate member 39, which is a ring-shaped nonmagnetic material, are fixed to the opening of the housing body 13a to form the housing 13. Yes. The housing body 13a and the rear covers 37 and 38 are made of a magnetic material, and have a structure in which a magnetic flux is easily formed by an electromagnetic coil 33 of an electromagnetic pilot clutch 17 described later. A plurality of connecting holes 40 and 41 are circumferentially opened in the peripheral wall of the housing 13 so that the clutch oil 19 can circulate in the oil chamber 12 and a clutch storage chamber 14 described later.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 3, the clutch device 10 is mounted on a path for transmitting driving force to the rear wheel 5 such as a motorcycle or an automobile, and functions as a starting clutch device. The output of the engine 6 is input to a V-belt type automatic transmission (CVT) 8 and then decelerated by the first speed reducer 7 so that the case 11 of the clutch device 10 can rotate on the rotation axis via a bearing 27. It is transmitted to the input shaft 21 that is supported as one shaft. The input shaft 21 is integrally connected to one end surface 22 of the housing 13 in the oil chamber 12. A stepped cylindrical inner shaft 15 extends along the rotation axis in the clutch housing chamber 14 formed in the housing 13, and the inner shaft 15 is connected to the housing 13 via a bearing 24 and a needle bearing 25. It is supported so that it can rotate. An outer spline 53 is formed at the tip of the output shaft 23 as the other shaft rotatably supported by the bearing 11 on the case 11, and an inner spline 54 formed at the rear end opening of the inner shaft 15. They are connected together so that torque transmission is possible by spline fitting. The rotation of the output shaft 23 is transmitted to the axle 4 through the second speed reducer 9, and the rear wheel 5 such as a motorcycle is driven to rotate. On the outer circumferences of the input shaft 21 and the output shaft 23, annular oil seals 53 and 54 for preventing the clutch oil 19 from leaking from the oil chamber 12 to the outside are attached.
[0015]
A main clutch 16, an electromagnetic pilot clutch 17, and a cam type amplifying mechanism 30 are disposed in the clutch housing chamber 14. The main clutch 16 is a wet multi-plate friction clutch, and includes a plurality of main inner clutch plates 31 and a main outer clutch plate 32. Each main inner clutch plate 31 constituting the main clutch 16 is assembled so as to be movable in the axial direction by spline fitting to the outer periphery of the inner shaft 15. Each main outer clutch plate 32 is assembled so as to be movable in the axial direction by spline fitting with spline teeth formed on the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing chamber 14 of the housing 13. The main inner clutch plates 31 and the main outer clutch plates 32 are alternately positioned so as to contact and frictionally engage each other when engaged, and are separated from each other and disengaged when disengaged.
[0016]
The electromagnetic pilot clutch 17 includes an electromagnetic coil 33, a pilot clutch 34, an armature 35, and a yoke 36. The electromagnetic coil 33 has an annular shape and is fitted to the yoke 36. The yoke 36 is rotatably supported by the rear cover 37 by a bearing 28, and the protrusion 37a engages the case 11 to restrict the rotation. The yoke 36 is assembled with the rear cover 37 so as to be rotatable while maintaining a minute gap. The pilot clutch 34 includes two pilot outer clutch plates 42 and one pilot inner clutch plate 43, and each pilot outer clutch plate 42 has spline teeth formed on the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing chamber 14 of the housing 13. The pilot inner clutch plate 43 is assembled so as to be movable in the axial direction by being fitted with the spline, and the pilot inner clutch plate 43 is assembled so as to be movable in the axial direction by being fitted to the outer periphery of the first cam member 44 of the cam type amplifying mechanism 30. Yes. The armature 35 has an annular shape and is assembled so as to be movable in the axial direction by spline fitting to the inner periphery of the clutch housing chamber 14, and is opposed to the front side of the pilot clutch 34. The cam type amplifying mechanism 30 is disposed between the main clutch 16 and the electromagnetic pilot clutch 17 and includes a first cam member 44, a second cam member 45, and a plurality of cam followers 46. The first cam member 44 is positioned radially inside the pilot clutch 34 in a state in which the first cam member 44 is rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of the inner shaft 15. The second cam member 45 is located between the first cam member 44 and the armature 35 and the main clutch 16 while being spline fitted to the outer periphery of the inner shaft 15.
[0017]
The second cam member 45 is provided with a step portion 57, and the inner shaft 15 is provided with a spring support portion 58, and a gap 62 is formed by the step portion 57 and the spring support portion 58. A disc spring 55, which is a nonlinear spring according to the present invention, is interposed in the gap 62. When the electromagnetic pilot clutch 17 is in an inoperative state, the second cam member 45 is moved away from the main clutch 16 by the spring force of the disc spring 55. The main inner clutch plate 31 and the main outer clutch plate 32 of the main clutch 16 are urged in the direction of disengagement to maintain a predetermined gap. FIG. 2 is a deflection-load curve of a disc spring which is a non-linear spring. In the non-linear region, even if the amount of deflection increases, the load which is a spring force hardly changes. When the cam mechanism 18 is activated and the second cam member 45 presses against the main clutch 16, the disc spring 55 is interposed in the gap 62 by adjusting the deflection amount of the disc spring 55 to the deflection amount A1 in the non-linear region. Then, the gap between the main inner clutch plate 31 and the main outer clutch plate 32 of the main clutch 16 widens due to wear, and even if the deflection amount changes to A2 and changes by the range C, the change range of the spring force is only h2. Further, a shim 56 that adjusts the compression so that the deflection amount of the disc spring 55 is A1 can be interposed in the step portion 57 of the gap 62 or the spring support portion 58.
[0018]
In the embodiment of the clutch device configured as described above, when the engine 6 is started, the output of the engine 6 is transmitted to the input shaft 21 via the CVT 8 and the first speed reducer 7, and the housing 13 is rotationally driven. The When the engine 6 is started, the electromagnetic coil 33 of the electromagnetic pilot clutch 17 is normally in a non-energized state, so that no magnetic flux is formed and the pilot clutch 34 is in a non-engaged state. At this time, the second cam member 45 is biased by the disc spring 55 and disengages from the main clutch 16, and the main clutch inner plate 31 and the main clutch outer plate 32 are relatively rotated in a disengaged and disengaged state. Torque transmission from the shaft 21 to the output shaft 23 is not performed. The first cam member 44 in which the second cam member 45 is pressed through the cam follower 46 by the spring force of the disc spring 55 rotates with the second cam member 45 because the pilot clutch 34 is in a non-engaged state. .
[0019]
When the electromagnetic coil 33 is energized, a magnetic flux that circulates through the yoke 36, the rear cover 37, the armature 35, and the rear cover 38 is formed in the electromagnetic pilot clutch 17 with the electromagnetic coil 33 as a base point, and the armature 35 is attracted. For this reason, the armature 35 presses the pilot clutch 34 and frictionally engages, so that a pilot torque is generated in the electromagnetic pilot clutch 17 and the gap between the first cam member 44 and the second cam member 45 of the cam type amplification mechanism 30 is increased. The second cam member 45 presses the disc spring 55 by the action of the cam follower 46 and the cam groove, and the main inner clutch plate 31 and the main outer clutch plate 32 of the main clutch 16 are pressed against each other. The clutch 16 is frictionally engaged according to the frictional engagement force of the pilot clutch 34, and torque is transmitted from the housing 13 to the inner shaft 15.
[0020]
In the electromagnetic pilot type clutch device according to the present invention, when the cam mechanism 18 operates and the second cam member 45 presses against the main clutch 16 during initial assembly, the amount of deflection of the disc spring 55 is nonlinear in the deflection-load curve. The gap between the main inner clutch plate 31 and the main outer clutch plate 32 of the main clutch 16 is worn due to wear because it is adjusted so as to have a deflection amount A1 that generates a spring force near the top of the region. Even if the amount of deflection becomes A2 and changes only by the range C, the change range of the spring force is as small as h2, so that the torque characteristic transmitted by the clutch does not change greatly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a clutch device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a deflection-load curve of a nonlinear spring.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a driving force transmission path of a motorcycle or the like.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Clutch apparatus, 11 ... Case, 11a ... Case main body, 12 ... Oil chamber, 13 ... Housing, 13a ... Housing main body, 14 ... Clutch storage chamber, 15. .... Inner shaft (rotating member), 16 ... main clutch, 17 ... electromagnetic pilot clutch, 30 ... cam type amplification mechanism, 31 ... main inner clutch plate, 32 ... main outer clutch plate 33 ... Electromagnetic coil, 34 ... Pilot clutch, 35 ... Armature, 42 ... Pilot outer clutch plate, 43 ... Pilot inner clutch plate, 44 ... First cam member, 45. ..Second cam member, 46... Cam follower, 55... Non-linear spring (disc spring), 56. ... spring support portion, 62 ... gap.

Claims (1)

One shaft that is rotatably supported on the rotation axis on the case;
A bottomed cylindrical housing having the one shaft integrally connected to one end face, a clutch housing chamber into which oil enters, and an opening at the rear end;
The other shaft that is supported on the case so as to be rotatable on the rotation axis so as to face the one shaft;
A stepped cylindrical rotating member that is rotatably supported by the housing, extends into the clutch housing chamber, and is integrally connected to the other shaft;
A main outer clutch plate that is engaged with the outer circumferential surface of the clutch housing chamber so that the relative rotation is restricted and movable in the axial direction, and the main outer clutch plate are alternately arranged, and the rotation of the rotating member is restricted in the axial direction. A main clutch comprising a main inner clutch plate movably engaged;
A pilot outer clutch plate that is engaged with the outer circumferential surface of the clutch housing chamber so that the relative rotation is restricted and movable in the axial direction, and the pilot outer clutch plate that is alternately arranged and the first cam member is restricted from relative rotation and the axial line A pilot clutch comprising a pilot inner clutch plate movably engaged in a direction;
Two rear covers are fixed through an intermediate member of a ring-shaped non-magnetic material, and a stepped cylindrical rear cover fixed to the opening of the housing at a position facing the armature across the pilot clutch;
An electromagnetic coil of an electromagnetic pilot clutch that is rotatably supported by the rear cover in a state in which rotation is restricted by engaging with the case, and sucks the armature to press-contact the pilot outer clutch plate and the pilot inner clutch plate. A fixed yoke,
The first cam member, which is rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of the rotating member, and the pilot inner clutch plate is spline-fitted to the outer periphery so as to be movable in the axial direction. The cam mechanism includes a second cam member positioned between the cam member and the main clutch, and a plurality of cam followers. The cam mechanism is configured to rotate relative to the second cam member and the first cam member that are in contact with the main clutch. In the electromagnetic pilot type clutch device having a cam type amplifying mechanism, wherein the second cam member is moved in the axial direction by operation and the main clutch amplifies the transmission torque of the pilot clutch and presses the main clutch.
A disc spring, which is a non-linear spring that urges the second cam member in a direction away from the main clutch, is provided on a spring support portion provided on a step portion of the stepped cylindrical rotating member and the second cam member. Interposed in a gap formed by a step portion provided facing the spring support portion,
When the second cam member presses the main clutch between the disc spring and the stepped portion of the second cam member or the spring support portion during the initial assembly of the disc spring by the operation of the cam mechanism. A shim for adjusting the amount of deflection of the disc spring is interposed so that the amount of deflection of the disc spring becomes a small amount of deflection in a non-linear region where the spring force hardly changes even when the amount of deflection increases. An electromagnetic pilot type clutch device.

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