JP4153076B2 - Aromatic tertiary amine compounds having benzazepine structure - Google Patents
Aromatic tertiary amine compounds having benzazepine structure Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はベンゾアゼピン誘導体に関する。詳しくは有機エレクトロルミネッセンス(EL)材料又は電子写真用材料等に有用な分子内にベンゾアゼピン骨格を有する芳香族三級アミン化合物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
バンスライクおよびタンらは例えば米国特許第4,539,507号、同第4,720,432号、特開平5−234,681号においてフェニル基、フェニレン基、又はビフェニレン基を含む芳香第三級アミンを内部接合有機EL装置の正孔注入・輸送帯域に使用すると光出力の安定性が向上し、それによって動作寿命が延びることを明らかにした。その後更なる光出力の安定性を計るためにこの正孔注入輸送帯域に用いる芳香族三級アミンの改良は多くの研究者により試みられ、多くの特許出願および学術文献への報告がなされている。その例をあげればビフェニル系の三級アミンに関して Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,27,L269(1988)、特開昭59−194393号、Appl.Phys.Lett.66,2679(1995)、特開平5−234681号、同7−331238号、同8−48656号、およびWO95/09147号など、スダーバースト系の三級アミンに関して、Appl.Phys.Lett.65,807(1994) 、特公平7−110940号などがある。
【0003】
電子写真用材料としても芳香族三級アミンは重要であり、正孔輸送材への利用が特許出願されており、例えば特開昭58−32372号、同63−235946号、特開平1−142657号があげられる。そして、既に小型の普通紙コピー機には芳香族三級アミン化合物が実用されており、安価なコピー機の普及に貢献している。
このような従来公知の芳香族三級アミンの代表例としては次式で示すものがあげられる。
【0004】
【化2】
【0005】
このように芳香族三級アミンは有機EL材料や電子写真用材料として有用であるが、無機材料に比べると未だ熱・光安定性に劣り、その改良は、引き続き大きな研究課題となっている。この点について有機EL材料について詳しく説明すれば、素子に真空蒸着されたこれまでの芳香族三級アミンは膜質の安定性が不十分であるため、経時により結晶化が起こったり、駆動時の発熱による素子温度の上昇でそれが促進されて膜質が変化し、発光効率の低下と、ダークスポットとよばれる非発光部分の発生・増加および定電流駆時の電圧上昇となり素子の破壊へと進む。従って安定な膜質を形成する芳香族三級アミンの開発が望まれている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
したがって本発明は物理的変化、光学的変化および電気化学的変化の点で安定性の高い新規な芳香族三級アミン化合物を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の目的は以下の手段によって達成された。
(1)一般式(I)で表わされる芳香族三級アミン化合物。
【0008】
【化3】
【0009】
(式中、(A)、(B)および(C)は、o−フェニレン基を表わす。R1、R2、R3、R4、R5およびR6はハロゲン原子、又はアルキル、アリール、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ジアルキルアミノ、N−アルキル−N−アリールアミノ又はジアリールアミノ基を表わし、R7、R8およびR9はハロゲン原子、アルキル、アルコキシ又はジアルキルアミノ基を表わす。(Y)は窒素原子又は1,3,5−ベンゼントリイル基を表わす。h、i、j、k、l、m、n、oおよびpは0ないし4の整数を表わす。q、rおよびsは1ないし3の整数を表わす。q、rおよびsが2以上の場合、各ベンゼン環上の(R7)n、(R8)oおよび(R9)pは同じでも異なっていてもよい。)
(2)前記一般式においてn、o及びpが0である請求項1記載の芳香族第三級アミン化合物。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一般式(I)で表わされる化合物について詳しく説明する。本発明の一般式(I)において、(A)、(B)、(C)、R1 〜R9 及び(Y)の示す、上記の基は、置換基を有しないものばかりでなく、置換基をもつことができるものであればその上に置換基を有するものも包含する。
【0012】
(A)、(B)および(C)は置換もしくは無置換の、o−フェニレン基である。
【0013】
一般式(I)の好ましい構造を具体的に示せば下記一般式 (III)で表わされる構造式である。
【0016】
【化6】
【0017】
(式中、R1 〜R6 、R7 〜R8 、(Y)、h〜p、およびq〜sは前記と同義の基および数を表わす。R16、R17およびR18はR1 〜R6 と同義の基であり、t、uおよびvはh〜pと同義の数を表わす。)
【0018】
次に一般式(I)又は(III)における基R1〜R 9 、R 16 〜R18およびh〜vの数について説明する。R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R16、R17およびR18はハロゲン原子、置換もしくは無置換の、アルキル、アリール、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ジアルキルアミノ、N−アルキル−N−アリールアミノ、又はジアリールアミノ基を表わすが、詳しくは、フッ素、塩素、臭素もしくはヨウ素から選ばれるハロゲン原子、無置換の基について言えば炭素数1〜20のアルキル基、炭素数6〜36のアリール基、炭素数1〜20のアルコキシ基、炭素数6〜36のアリールオキシ基、炭素数2〜20のジアルキルアミノ基、炭素数7〜42のN−アルキル−N−アリールアミノ基又は炭素数12〜48のジアリールアミノ基である。
【0019】
ハロゲン原子以外の基をより具体的に示せば、メチル、エチル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、t−ブチル、n−ドデシル、もしくはシクロヘキシル、などのアルキル基、フェニル、ナフチル、アントラセニル、フェナントレニル、ピレニル、ナフタセニル、ペンタセニルもしくはペンタフェニルなどのアリール基、メトキシ、エトキシ、イソプロポキシ、n−ヘキシルオキシ、シクロヘキシルオキシ、オクチルオキシ、もしくはドデシルオキシなどのアルコキシル基、フェノキシ、ナフトキシ、アントラセノキシ、もしくはペンタセノキシなどのアリールオキシ基、ジメチルアミノ、ジエチルアミノ、ジブチルアミノ、ジオクチルアミノもしくはN−エチル−N−ブチルアミノなどのジアルキルアミノ基、N−メチル−N−フェニルアミノ、N−エチル−N−フェニルアミノ、N−イソプロピル−N−(3−メチルフェニル)アミノ、N−メチル−N−(1−ナフチル)アミノ、もしくはN−ブチル−N−(1−ナフタセニル)アミノなどのN−アルキル−N−アリールアミノ基、又は、ジフェニルアミノ、N−フェニル−N−(1−ナフチル)アミノ、N−(1−ナフチル)−N−(1−ナフチル)アミノ、N−フェニル−N−(1−アントラセニル)アミノ、もしくはN−(1−アントラセニル)−N−(1−フェナントレニル)アミノなどのジアリールアミノ基である。
【0020】
これらの基が置換基を有する場合、その置換基としてはハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロ環基、シアノ基、ヒドロキシ基、ニトロ基、カルボキシ基、スルホ基、アミノ基、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アシルアミノ基、アルキルアミノ基、アニリノ基、ウレイド基、スルファモイルアミノ基、アルキルチオ基、アリールチオ基、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基、スルホンアミド基、カルバモイル基、スルファモイル基、スルホニル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、ヘテロ環オキシ基、アゾ基、アシルオキシ基、カルバモイルオキシ基、シリルオキシ基、アリールオキシカルボニルアミノ基、イミド基、ヘテロ環チオ基、スルフィニル基、ホスホニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アシル基、シリル基又はアゾリル基があげられる。
【0021】
R1 〜R6 およびR16〜R18は、好ましくはハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、ジアルキルアミノ基又はジアリールアミノ基であり、特に好ましくは、アルキル基又はジアルキルアミノ基である。
【0022】
R7 、R8 およびR9 はハロゲン原子、又は置換もしくは無置換の、アルキル、アルコキシもしくはジアルキルアミノ基を表わすが、詳わしくは前記R1 〜R6 およびR16〜R18におけるそれらについて説明した基である。好ましくはハロゲン原子、または無置換の、アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基である。特に好ましくはフッ素原子、塩素原子、メチル基又はメトキシ基である。
【0025】
次にh〜vで表わされる数について説明する。h、i、j、k、l、m、n、o、p、t、uおよびvは0ないし4の整数を表わすが好ましくは0〜2の整数であり、より好ましくは0又は1である。q、rおよびsは1ないし3の整数を表わすが好ましくは1ないし2の整数であり、特に好ましくは2である。
【0026】
次に本発明の一般式(I)で表わされる化合物の具体例を以下に示すが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。なお例示化合物(2)、(4)、(6)、(9)、(11)、(12)、(14)、(15)及び(17)以外は参考化合物である。
【0027】
【化7】
【0028】
【化8】
【0029】
【化9】
【0030】
【化10】
【0031】
【化11】
【0032】
【化12】
【0033】
【化13】
【0034】
【化14】
【0035】
次に本発明の化合物の合成法について以下説明する。代表的合成法を(スキーム1)および(スキーム2)に示した。(スキーム1)の方法は、金属銅触媒と塩基を用いるウルマン型反応を基本とした合成法であり(米国特許第4,764,625号参照、(スキーム2)の方法はウルマン型反応とニッケル又はパラジウム金属触媒を用いたクロスカップリング反応を用いた合成法である(日本化学会編「第4版 実験化学講座 第25巻、389頁、1991年、丸善)。
【0036】
【化15】
【0037】
【化16】
【0038】
上記合成法に用いるベンゾアゼピン、1および2の合成は、B.Renfroe, C.Harrington, G.R.Proctor "The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds" Vol. 43、Part1、1984、John Wiley & Sons Inc.および H.C.Axtell et al., J.Org.Chem.,56、3906(1991)に記載の方法に基づき行なうことができる。
【0039】
一般式(I)で表わされる化合物の精製はシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィと再結晶法、更に必要なら昇華法により行なわれる。
【0040】
【実施例】
以下に実施例に基づき本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。
【0041】
<参考例1>(例示化合物(1)の合成)
5H−ジベンズ〔b,f〕アゼピン、8.7g(45mmol)、トリス(4−ヨードフェニル)アミン、9.3g(15mmol)、水酸化カリウム、6.8g(120mmol)、および銅粉4.8g(75mmol)をデカリン10mlと混合し、窒素気流下、外温200℃で40時間加熱撹拌した。反応液を室温近くに戻した後、クロロホルムを加え不溶物を除くためセライトろ過し、ろ液を濃縮した。デカリンを除くため残渣にn−ヘキサンを加え、固形物をろ過し、得られた固形物のメタノール晶析により例示化合物(1)を含む結晶を4g得た。この結晶をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィ(溶出液:クロロホルム+n−ヘキサン)で精製し、更にメタノール再結晶することにより、純粋な例示化合物(1)を1.3g(収率10.6%)得た。融点約280℃。
【0042】
<実施例1>(例示化合物(2)の合成)
9H−トリベンズ〔b,d,f〕アゼピン(J.Org.Chem.,56、3906(1991)に基づき合成)、9.2g(38mmol)、トリス(4−ヨードフェニル)アミン、5.2g(13mmol)、水酸化カリウム5.6g(100mmol)および銅粉1.6g(25mmol)とデカリン10mlを混合し、窒素気流下外温200℃で36時間加熱撹拌した。室温近くに冷却した後クロロホルムを加え、不溶物を除くためセライトろ過を行なった。ろ液を濃縮し、残渣にメタノールを加え加熱し、得られた結晶性化合物をろ過した。この結晶性化合物(10g)は例示化合物(2)を含むが不純物の存在が薄層シリカゲルクロマトグラフィにより確認できた。シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィ(溶出液:クロロホルム+n−ヘキサン)で精製し、クロロホルム/n−ヘキサン溶液で再結晶を行なうことにより純粋な例示化合物(2)を1.0g(収率7.9%)得ることができた。融点、約300℃。
【0043】
<実施例2>(例示化合物(9)の合成)
トリス(4−ヨードフェニル)アミンの代りに1,3,5−トリヨードベンゼンを等モル量用いる以外は<実施例1>と同様にして純粋な例示化合物(9)を1.3g(収率12.5%)得ることができた。
【0044】
<参考例2>(例示化合物(3)の合成)
5H−ジベンズ〔b,f〕アゼピン、50.0g(0.26mol)、4−ブロモヨードベンゼン、200.0g(0.71mol)、85%水酸化カリウム42.0g(0.26mol)、銅粉16.5g(0.26mol)とデカリン300mlとを混合し、窒素気流下外温200℃で約100時間加熱撹拌した。反応液を室温近くに戻した後、クロロホルムを加え不溶物を除くためセライトろ過し、ろ液を濃縮した。濃縮液をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィで精製することにより5−(4−ヨードフェニル)ジベンズ〔b,f〕アゼピンを19.4g(若干の4−ブロモフェニル体を含む。収率約19%)得ることができた。
【0045】
5−(4−ヨードフェニル)ジベンゾ〔b,f〕アゼピン10g(0.025mol)をテトラヒドロフラン(THF)50mlに溶かし−78℃に冷却した。その中にn−ブチルリチウムの1.6Mヘキサン溶液15.6ml(0.025mol)を滴下した。滴下後30分間撹拌し、その後、ホウ酸トリメチル2.6g(0.021mol)のTHF溶液を約1時間で滴下した。1時間撹拌後ゆっくり室温まで温度を上げ、さらに2時間反応させた。次に希硫酸(硫酸3ml+水50ml)を0℃で加え加水分解した。酢酸エチル抽出し、減圧濃縮して得られたボロン酸の固体をトルエン再結により精製すると4−(ジベンゾ〔b,f〕アゼピン−5−イル)フェニルボロン酸を6.7g(収率85%)得ることができた。
【0046】
トリス(4−ヨードフェニル)アミン、3.7g(0.0060mol)と4′−(ジベンゾ〔b,f〕アゼピン−5−イル)フェニルボロン酸6.0g(0.019mol)、酢酸パラジウム25mg(0.11mmol) 、トリ−o−トリルホスフィン85mg(0.28mmol)、トリエチルアミン3.8g(0.038mol)およびN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド100mlの混合物を100℃で約2時間加熱した。溶媒を減圧留去し、残渣にクロロホルムと10%アンモニア水溶液を加えた。その後抽出操作を行ない、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、ろ過・減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をTHF−メタノール系溶媒で再結晶することにより例示化合物(3)を3.2g(収率50%)得ることができた。融点、300℃以上。
【0047】
<実施例3>(例示化合物(4)の合成)
参考例2において5H−ジベンゾ〔b,f〕アゼピンの代りに9H−トリベンズ〔b,d,f〕アゼピンに当モル量用いる以外はほとんど同じ方法で9−(4−ヨードフェニル)トリベンズ〔b,d,f〕アゼピンを23.2g(若干の4−ブロモフェニル体を含む。収率約20%)得ることができた。次に、5−(4−ヨードフェニル)ジベンゾ〔b,f〕アゼピンの代りに9−(4−ヨードフェニル)トリベンズ〔b,d,f〕アゼピンを当モル量用いる以外はほとんど同様にして4−(トリベンゾ〔b,d,f〕アゼピン−9−イル)フェニルボロン酸を6.8g(収率75%)得ることができた。
【0048】
4−(トリベンゾ〔b,d,f〕アゼピン−9−イル)フェニルボロン酸5.0g(0.014mol)とトリス(4−ヨードフェニル)アミン2.7g(0.0043mol)、酢酸パラジウム13mg(0.057mmol)、トリ−o−トリルホスフィン43mg(0.14mmol)、トリエチルアミン1.5g(0.011mol)およびN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド60mlの混合物を100℃で約4時間加熱した。後処理を参考例2と同様にし、さらに同様の方法で精製することにより例示化合物(4)を2.1g(収率40%)得ることができた。融点300℃以上。
【0049】
<参考例3>(例示化合物(10)の合成)
参考例2で合成した4−(ジベンゾ〔b,f〕アゼピン−5−イル)フェニルボロン酸10.0g(31.9mmol)、1,3,5−トリヨードベンゼン4.5g(10.0mmol)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)、173mg(0.15mmol)、2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液20ml(40.0mmol)のトルエン/ジメチルホルムアミド/水(100ml/100ml/30ml)溶液を約12時間加熱還流した。反応液を室温に戻し、クロロホルム抽出した後、乾燥・濃縮し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィにより精製およびテトラヒドロフラン/エタノール系溶媒で再結晶することにより例示化合物(10)を5.3g(収率60%)得ることができた。融点300℃以上。
【0050】
<実施例4>(例示化合物(11)の合成)
参考例3における4−(ジベンゾ〔b,f〕アゼピン−5−イル)フェニルボロン酸を実施例5で合成した4−(トリベンゾ〔b,d,f〕アゼピン−9−イル)フェニルボロン酸に等モル量で置き換える以外は参考例3と全く同様の条件下で反応および精製することにより例示化合物(11)を5.7g(収率55%)得ることができた。融点300℃以上。
【0051】
【発明の効果】
本発明の芳香族三級アミン化合物は融点及びガラス転移点が高く、熱安定性に優れ、有機EL用材料電子写真の正孔輸送材として有用である。
本発明の新規な分子内にベンゾアゼピン骨格を有する芳香族三級アミン化合物は真空蒸着法等の手段によって、常温で安定なアモルファスの薄膜を形成し、それ自体で大面積に薄膜化させることが可能である。しかも本発明の化合物は融点及びガラス転移点が高くそのアモルファス膜は耐熱性にすぐれ安定である。このような化合物を薄膜化し、有機EL素子の正孔輸送層用の材料として用いることにより、従来より長時間の発光に耐えうる寿命の長い有機EL素子の設計が可能になった。更に本発明の化合物は電子写真用キャリア輸送材としても優れた性能を有するので、その大幅な性能改良を可能とした。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to benzazepine derivatives. Specifically, the present invention relates to an aromatic tertiary amine compound having a benzoazepine skeleton in a molecule useful for an organic electroluminescence (EL) material or an electrophotographic material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Van Slike and Tan et al., For example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,539,507, 4,720,432, and JP-A-5-234,681, an aromatic tertiary containing a phenyl group, a phenylene group, or a biphenylene group. It has been clarified that when amine is used in the hole injection / transport zone of the internal junction organic EL device, the stability of the light output is improved, thereby extending the operating life. Since then, many researchers have attempted to improve the aromatic tertiary amine used in this hole injection and transport zone in order to measure the stability of further light output, and many patent applications and academic literatures have been reported. . For example, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 27, L269 (1988), JP 59-194393, Appl. Phys. Lett. 66, 2679 (1995), JP No. 234681, No. 7-33138, No. 8-48656, and WO95 / 09147, such as Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 807 (1994) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-110940 regarding tertiary amines of the Suderburst type. .
[0003]
Aromatic tertiary amines are also important as electrophotographic materials, and patent applications have been filed for use in hole transport materials. For example, JP-A-58-32372, JP-A-63-235946, JP-A-1-142657. Issue. In addition, aromatic tertiary amine compounds have already been put into practical use in small-sized plain paper copiers, contributing to the spread of inexpensive copiers.
Typical examples of such conventionally known aromatic tertiary amines include those represented by the following formula.
[0004]
[Chemical 2]
[0005]
As described above, the aromatic tertiary amine is useful as an organic EL material or an electrophotographic material. However, the aromatic tertiary amine is still inferior in heat and light stability as compared with an inorganic material, and its improvement continues to be a major research subject. In this regard, organic EL materials will be described in detail. Since conventional aromatic tertiary amines vacuum-deposited on the element have insufficient film quality stability, crystallization may occur over time, or heat generation during driving may occur. As the device temperature rises, the film quality is changed and the luminous efficiency is lowered, the non-light emitting portion called dark spot is generated / increased, and the voltage during constant current driving increases, leading to the destruction of the device. Therefore, development of an aromatic tertiary amine that forms a stable film quality is desired.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel aromatic tertiary amine compound having high stability in terms of physical change, optical change and electrochemical change.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The object of the present invention has been achieved by the following means.
(1) An aromatic tertiary amine compound represented by the general formula (I).
[0008]
[Chemical 3]
[0009]
(In the formula, (A), (B) and (C) represent an o-phenylene group . R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each a halogen atom, alkyl, aryl, Represents an alkoxy, aryloxy, dialkylamino, N-alkyl-N-arylamino or diarylamino group, R 7 , R 8 and R 9 represent a halogen atom, an alkyl, alkoxy or dialkylamino group (Y) is nitrogen; Represents an atom or a 1,3,5-benzenetriyl group, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o and p represent an integer of 0 to 4. q, r and s represent 1 to 3 (When q, r and s are 2 or more, (R 7 ) n , (R 8 ) o and (R 9 ) p on each benzene ring may be the same or different.)
(2) The aromatic tertiary amine compound according to claim 1, wherein n, o and p are 0 in the general formula.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the compound represented by formula (I) of the present invention will be described in detail. In the general formula (I) of the present invention, the above groups represented by (A), (B), (C), R 1 to R 9 and (Y) are not only those having no substituent, but also substituted If it can have a group, the thing which has a substituent on it is also included .
[0012]
(A), (B) and (C 1 ) are substituted or unsubstituted o -phenylene groups.
[0013]
Specifically, the preferred structure of the general formula (I) is a structural formula represented by the following general formula ( III).
[0016]
[Chemical 6]
[0017]
(Wherein, R 1 ~R 6, R 7 ~R 8, (Y), h~p, and q~s are .R 16, R 17 and R 18 represents a group and the number of the same meaning of R 1 And is a group having the same meaning as ~ R 6, and t, u and v are the same as hp.
[0018]
Next, the number of groups R 1 to R 9 , R 16 to R 18 and h to v in the general formula (I) or (III) will be described. R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are halogen atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, dialkylamino, N— An alkyl-N-arylamino group or a diarylamino group, specifically, a halogen atom selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, or an unsubstituted group, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a carbon number of 6 -36 aryl group, C1-C20 alkoxy group, C6-C36 aryloxy group, C2-C20 dialkylamino group, C7-42 N-alkyl-N-arylamino group Or a diarylamino group having 12 to 48 carbon atoms.
[0019]
More specifically, groups other than halogen atoms are alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, n-dodecyl, or cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, naphthacenyl. An aryl group such as pentacenyl or pentaphenyl, an alkoxyl group such as methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, n-hexyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, octyloxy, or dodecyloxy, an aryloxy group such as phenoxy, naphthoxy, anthracenoxy, or pentasenoxy, Dialkylamino groups such as dimethylamino, diethylamino, dibutylamino, dioctylamino or N-ethyl-N-butylamino, N-methyl-N-phenylamino, -Ethyl-N-phenylamino, N-isopropyl-N- (3-methylphenyl) amino, N-methyl-N- (1-naphthyl) amino, or N-butyl-N- (1-naphthacenyl) amino, etc. N-alkyl-N-arylamino group, or diphenylamino, N-phenyl-N- (1-naphthyl) amino, N- (1-naphthyl) -N- (1-naphthyl) amino, N-phenyl-N It is a diarylamino group such as-(1-anthracenyl) amino or N- (1-anthracenyl) -N- (1-phenanthrenyl) amino.
[0020]
When these groups have a substituent, examples of the substituent include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, a carboxy group, a sulfo group, an amino group, an alkoxy group, and an aryl group. Oxy group, acylamino group, alkylamino group, anilino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, sulfonamido group, carbamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfonyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, Heterocyclic oxy group, azo group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, silyloxy group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, imide group, heterocyclic thio group, sulfinyl group, phosphonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, silyl group or azolyl Group It is below.
[0021]
R 1 to R 6 and R 16 to R 18 are preferably a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a dialkylamino group, or a diarylamino group, and particularly preferably an alkyl group or a dialkylamino group.
[0022]
R 7 , R 8 and R 9 each represent a halogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy or dialkylamino group. Specifically, those in R 1 to R 6 and R 16 to R 18 are explained. It is a group. A halogen atom or an unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy group is preferable. Particularly preferred is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a methyl group or a methoxy group.
[0025]
Next, the numbers represented by h to v will be described. h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, t, u and v each represents an integer of 0 to 4, preferably an integer of 0 to 2, more preferably 0 or 1. . q, r and s each represent an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 1 to 2, and particularly preferably 2.
[0026]
Next, specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Except for the exemplified compounds (2), (4), (6), (9), (11), (12), (14), (15) and (17), they are reference compounds.
[0027]
[Chemical 7]
[0028]
[Chemical 8]
[0029]
[Chemical 9]
[0030]
[Chemical Formula 10]
[0031]
Embedded image
[0032]
Embedded image
[0033]
Embedded image
[0034]
Embedded image
[0035]
Next, a method for synthesizing the compound of the present invention will be described below. Representative synthetic methods are shown in (Scheme 1) and (Scheme 2). The method of (Scheme 1) is a synthesis method based on an Ullmann-type reaction using a metal copper catalyst and a base (see US Pat. No. 4,764,625, the method of (Scheme 2) is an Ullmann-type reaction and nickel. Alternatively, it is a synthesis method using a cross coupling reaction using a palladium metal catalyst (edited by the Chemical Society of Japan, 4th edition, Experimental Chemistry, Vol. 25, 389, 1991, Maruzen).
[0036]
Embedded image
[0037]
Embedded image
[0038]
The synthesis of benzoazepines 1 and 2 used in the above synthesis method is described in B. Renfroe, C. Harrington, GRProctor “The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds” Vol. 43, Part 1, 1984, John Wiley & Sons Inc. and HCAxtell et al. , J. Org. Chem., 56, 3906 (1991).
[0039]
Purification of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is performed by silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization, and if necessary, sublimation.
[0040]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0041]
< Reference Example 1> (Synthesis of Exemplified Compound (1))
5H-dibenz [b, f] azepine, 8.7 g (45 mmol), tris (4-iodophenyl) amine, 9.3 g (15 mmol), potassium hydroxide, 6.8 g (120 mmol), and 4.8 g of copper powder (75 mmol) was mixed with 10 ml of decalin, and heated and stirred at an external temperature of 200 ° C. for 40 hours under a nitrogen stream. After returning the reaction solution to near room temperature, chloroform was added to remove insolubles, and the mixture was filtered through Celite, and the filtrate was concentrated. In order to remove decalin, n-hexane was added to the residue, the solid was filtered, and 4 g of crystals containing the exemplified compound (1) were obtained by methanol crystallization of the obtained solid. The crystals were purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform + n-hexane) and further recrystallized from methanol to obtain 1.3 g (yield 10.6%) of pure exemplified compound (1). Melting point is about 280 ° C.
[0042]
<Example 1 > (Synthesis of Exemplified Compound (2))
9H-tribenz [b, d, f] azepine (synthesized based on J. Org. Chem., 56, 3906 (1991)), 9.2 g (38 mmol), tris (4-iodophenyl) amine, 5.2 g ( 13 mmol), 5.6 g (100 mmol) of potassium hydroxide and 1.6 g (25 mmol) of copper powder and 10 ml of decalin were mixed and heated and stirred at an external temperature of 200 ° C. for 36 hours under a nitrogen stream. After cooling to near room temperature, chloroform was added, and celite filtration was performed to remove insoluble matters. The filtrate was concentrated, methanol was added to the residue and heated, and the resulting crystalline compound was filtered. This crystalline compound (10 g) contained the exemplified compound (2), but the presence of impurities could be confirmed by thin layer silica gel chromatography. Purification by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform + n-hexane) and recrystallization from chloroform / n-hexane solution yield 1.0 g of pure exemplified compound (2) (yield 7.9%). I was able to. Melting point, about 300 ° C.
[0043]
<Example 2 > (Synthesis of Exemplified Compound (9))
1.3 g of pure Exemplified Compound (9) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an equimolar amount of 1,3,5-triiodobenzene was used instead of tris (4-iodophenyl) amine. 12.5%).
[0044]
<Reference Example 2> (Synthesis of Exemplified Compound (3))
5H-Dibenz [b, f] azepine, 50.0 g (0.26 mol), 4-bromoiodobenzene, 200.0 g (0.71 mol), 42.0 g (0.26 mol) of 85% potassium hydroxide, copper powder 16.5 g (0.26 mol) and 300 ml of decalin were mixed and heated and stirred at an external temperature of 200 ° C. for about 100 hours under a nitrogen stream. After returning the reaction solution to near room temperature, chloroform was added to remove insolubles, and the mixture was filtered through Celite, and the filtrate was concentrated. The concentrated solution can be purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain 19.4 g of 5- (4-iodophenyl) dibenz [b, f] azepine (including some 4-bromophenyl compound, yield: about 19%). It was.
[0045]
10 g (0.025 mol) of 5- (4-iodophenyl) dibenzo [b, f] azepine was dissolved in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and cooled to -78 ° C. 15.6 ml (0.025 mol) of a 1.6M hexane solution of n-butyllithium was added dropwise thereto. After dropping, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, and then a solution of trimethyl borate (2.6 g, 0.021 mol) in THF was added dropwise over about 1 hour. After stirring for 1 hour, the temperature was slowly raised to room temperature, and the reaction was further continued for 2 hours. Next, dilute sulfuric acid (3 ml of sulfuric acid + 50 ml of water) was added at 0 ° C. for hydrolysis. The solid of boronic acid obtained by extraction with ethyl acetate and concentration under reduced pressure was purified by recrystallization of toluene to obtain 6.7 g of 4- (dibenzo [b, f] azepin-5-yl) phenylboronic acid (yield 85%). I was able to get it.
[0046]
Tris (4-iodophenyl) amine, 3.7 g (0.0060 mol), 4 '-(dibenzo [b, f] azepin-5-yl) phenylboronic acid 6.0 g (0.019 mol), palladium acetate 25 mg ( 0.11 mmol), 85 mg (0.28 mmol) of tri-o-tolylphosphine, 3.8 g (0.038 mol) of triethylamine and 100 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide were heated at 100 ° C. for about 2 hours. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and chloroform and a 10% aqueous ammonia solution were added to the residue. Thereafter, an extraction operation was performed, followed by drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and concentration under reduced pressure. By recrystallizing the obtained residue with a THF-methanol solvent, 3.2 g (yield 50%) of Exemplary Compound (3) could be obtained. Melting point, 300 ° C or higher.
[0047]
<Example 3 > (Synthesis of Exemplified Compound (4))
In Reference Example 2 , 9- (4-iodophenyl) tribenz [b, b) was used in substantially the same manner except that an equimolar amount was used for 9H-tribenz [b, d, f] azepine instead of 5H-dibenzo [b, f] azepine. d, f] azepine was obtained 23.2 g (including some 4-bromophenyl compound, yield about 20%). Next, the same procedure was followed except that 9- (4-iodophenyl) tribenz [b, d, f] azepine was used in an equimolar amount instead of 5- (4-iodophenyl) dibenzo [b, f] azepine. 6.8 g (yield 75%) of-(tribenzo [b, d, f] azepin-9-yl) phenylboronic acid could be obtained.
[0048]
4- (tribenzo [b, d, f] azepin-9-yl) phenylboronic acid 5.0 g (0.014 mol), tris (4-iodophenyl) amine 2.7 g (0.0043 mol), palladium acetate 13 mg ( 0.057 mmol), 43 mg (0.14 mmol) of tri-o-tolylphosphine, 1.5 g (0.011 mol) of triethylamine and 60 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide were heated at 100 ° C. for about 4 hours. The post-treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 and further purified in the same manner, whereby 2.1 g (yield 40%) of the exemplified compound (4) could be obtained. Melting point 300 ° C or higher.
[0049]
< Reference Example 3 > (Synthesis of Exemplified Compound (10))
10.0 g (31.9 mmol) of 4- (dibenzo [b, f] azepin-5-yl) phenylboronic acid synthesized in Reference Example 2 , 4.5 g (10.0 mmol) of 1,3,5-triiodobenzene , Tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0), 173 mg (0.15 mmol), 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution 20 ml (40.0 mmol) in toluene / dimethylformamide / water (100 ml / 100 ml / 30 ml) heated to reflux for about 12 hours did. The reaction solution is returned to room temperature, extracted with chloroform, dried, concentrated, purified by silica gel column chromatography and recrystallized from a tetrahydrofuran / ethanol solvent to obtain 5.3 g (yield 60%) of Exemplary Compound (10). I was able to. Melting point 300 ° C or higher.
[0050]
<Example 4 > (Synthesis of Exemplified Compound (11))
4- (Dibenzo [b, f] azepin-5-yl) phenylboronic acid in Reference Example 3 was converted to 4- (tribenzo [b, d, f] azepin-9-yl) phenylboronic acid synthesized in Example 5. 5.7 g (yield 55%) of Exemplified Compound (11) could be obtained by reaction and purification under exactly the same conditions as in Reference Example 3 except that the amount was replaced with an equimolar amount. Melting point 300 ° C or higher.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
The aromatic tertiary amine compound of the present invention has a high melting point and a glass transition point, is excellent in thermal stability, and is useful as a hole transport material for organic EL material electrophotography.
The aromatic tertiary amine compound having a benzoazepine skeleton in the novel molecule of the present invention can form an amorphous thin film that is stable at room temperature by means such as vacuum vapor deposition, and can be reduced to a large area by itself. Is possible. Moreover, the compound of the present invention has a high melting point and glass transition point, and its amorphous film has excellent heat resistance and is stable. By making such a compound into a thin film and using it as a material for the hole transport layer of the organic EL element, it has become possible to design an organic EL element having a longer lifetime that can withstand light emission for a longer time than before. Furthermore, since the compound of the present invention has excellent performance as a carrier transport material for electrophotography, the performance can be greatly improved.
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JP4961540B2 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2012-06-27 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | COMPOUND, COMPOSITION FOR ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE |
DE102006015183A1 (en) * | 2006-04-01 | 2007-10-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | New benzocycloheptene compound useful in organic electronic devices e.g. organic electroluminescent device, polymer electroluminescent device and organic field-effect-transistors |
CN106243057B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2018-09-18 | 中节能万润股份有限公司 | A kind of compound based on the equal benzene structure of azepine and its application on OLED |
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