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JP4104741B2 - Vitamin K high-producing strain and method for producing vitamin K using the same - Google Patents

Vitamin K high-producing strain and method for producing vitamin K using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4104741B2
JP4104741B2 JP25419198A JP25419198A JP4104741B2 JP 4104741 B2 JP4104741 B2 JP 4104741B2 JP 25419198 A JP25419198 A JP 25419198A JP 25419198 A JP25419198 A JP 25419198A JP 4104741 B2 JP4104741 B2 JP 4104741B2
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vitamin
soybean
producing
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JP2000083653A (en
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澤 久 司 村
木 伸 荒
陳 雄 三ツ井
谷 豊 大
藤 俊 郎 佐
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Asahimatsu Foods Co Ltd
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Asahimatsu Foods Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、最近骨粗鬆症の予防効果が期待できることで注目されているビタミンKを大量に生産することが可能なビタミンK高生産性菌株、及び該菌株を利用したビタミンKの生産方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ビタミンKは、従来より血液凝固に必要な因子の一つとして知られている。最近の研究により、ビタミンKには骨形成促進作用や骨吸収抑制作用もあり、ビタミンKの投与により骨密度が増加されるということが明らかにされた。現在、骨粗鬆症の治療薬として認可されている合成ビタミンKもある。骨粗鬆症は発症してからの治療は大変難しく、予防することが重要である。そのためには、食品から日常的にカルシウムやビタミンDとともに、ビタミンKを摂取することが必要であろう。緑黄色野菜や海草類にはビタミンK(フィロキノン)が含まれており、また、納豆などの醗酵食品にはビタミンK(メナキノン)が含まれていることはよく知られている。しかし最も含有量が多いとされている納豆でも100g中僅か1mg程度であり、既存の食品から骨粗鬆症の予防のために必要な量のビタミンKを摂取することは大変難しい。そこで、食品にビタミンKを添加することが有効であろうと考えられるが、骨粗鬆症の治療薬として認可されている合成ビタミンKは食品添加物としては認められておらず、食品に添加することはできない。一方、天然のビタミンKは食品に添加し得ることから、野菜や納豆などからビタミンKを分離濃縮して得ることが試みられているが、原料中のビタミンKの含量が少ないために僅かしか得られておらず、結果的に大変高価なものとなっている。
【0003】
ビタミンKを大量に生産する方法として、細菌を利用したビタミンKの醗酵生産が検討されている。醗酵によるビタミンKの製造法としては、フラボバクテリウム属に属する細菌を利用する方法(特公平7−28748、特公平7−51070など)、ロドシュードモナス属に属する細菌を利用する方法(特開昭57−202295など)、コリネバクテリウム或いはブレビバクテリウムに属する細菌を利用する方法(特公平3−67674、特公平4−8039など)などが知られている。これらの方法で得られるビタミンKを食品に添加使用することは、上記したような細菌を利用しているために安全性の観点から、或いは消費者に与えるイメージの観点から、あまり好ましいとはいえない。
【0004】
各種食品のうち納豆にはビタミンKが最も多く含まれているということから、納豆菌を利用したビタミンKの生産方法も知られている(特開平8−173078、特開平8−9916など)。食品に添加するという観点からは納豆菌を利用することは好ましいといえるが、通常の市販の納豆菌を利用してビタミンKを醗酵生産してみても、採取して得られるビタミンKは期待ほど多くはない。よって、ビタミンK高生産性菌株の取得、並びにビタミンKの高生産が期待できる該菌株の培養方法の確立などが要望されているのが現状である。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記したように、骨粗鬆症の予防効果が期待されるビタミンKを、その効果が期待できるように摂取するには、納豆菌を利用してビタミンKを発酵生産し、採取して得られるビタミンKを日常摂取する食品に添加することが有効であろうと考えられる。そのためには納豆菌を利用してビタミンKを安価に且つ大量に生産し得る方法を確立することが必要である。よって、ビタミンK高生産性菌株を取得し、該菌株を利用してビタミンKを大量に生産し得る方法が確立したのならば産業上益することは多大であるといえる。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決することを目的として本発明者らは鋭意研究を重ねた結果、納豆菌によるビタミンKの発酵生産は納豆菌が胞子を形成し始める前の段階で高まり、胞子の形成が進むにつれて低くなり、また、胞子の形成が遅れるような培養条件下においては培養液中のビタミンKの含量が高まるようになることなどを見出した。このような知見に基づき、本発明者らは、後述の「突然変異作出手段」の項で説明するような方法により、ビタミンK高生産性菌株を得ることに成功したのである。
【0007】
本発明者らは、こうして得られた高生産性変異株を用いてジャーファーメンターにおけるビタミンKの醗酵生産について各種の培地を用いて調べてみたところ、微生物の培養に一般的に用いられている培地では、培養の後段で溶菌が起こり、期待した程のビタミンKの収量は得られないことがわかった。このような溶菌を防止する方法を更に研究したところ、培地に全粒大豆粉末、分離大豆蛋白質粉末、豆乳、大豆成分抽出液(大豆煮汁)等の大豆又は大豆由来の成分を添加するならば溶菌が防ぎ得、大量のビタミンKの生産が可能であることがわかった。また、その際更にグリセリンを添加するならば、培養液中のビタミンKの濃度を更に高めうることを突き止め、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は、胞子形成能を有する納豆菌由来の、胞子形成能が欠損或いは低下したビタミンK高生産性納豆菌変異株を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、上記変異株の代表的なものとして、胞子形成能欠損ビタミンK高生産性納豆菌変異株sp−2(Bacillus sp. sp−2)FERM P−16577を提供するものである。
更にまた、本発明は、これらの菌株を利用したビタミンKの発酵生産方法を提供するものである。
また更に、本発明は、上記のビタミンKの発酵生産方法において、大豆或いは大豆由来の成分を添加した培地で当該菌株を培養することを特徴とするビタミンKの生産方法を提供するものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。
I.突然変異作出手段
胞子形成能を有する納豆菌を前培養し、さらに新しい培地に接種して対数増殖期の中期まで培養したものに変異処理を行ない、単一コロニーを形成するように適宜稀釈した後、胞子形成寒天平板で培養する。生じたコロニーの中から胞子形成能が欠損あるいは低下した株を取得する。
変異処理の方法としては、紫外線、X線等で照射するか、又はNTG(N−メチル−N′−ニトロ−N−ニトロソグアニジン)、EMS(エチルメタンサルファネート)等の変異誘起剤で処理するのが好ましいが、特に限定されるものではない。
また、変異処理後の胞子形成寒天平板での培養により生じたコロニーからの胞子形成能の欠損した或いは低下した無胞子変異株の選択方法も特に限定されるものではないが、一般的には、胞子形成培地上でのコロニーの色調や形態などから不定形のコロニーや透明なコロニーを形成するものを変異株として分離し、更に顕微鏡により胞子形成の有無を確認することにより胞子形成能が欠損或いは低下した変異株であると判断する。
【0010】
II .変異体の同定
後述の実施例で示すように、上記の方法に従って胞子を形成せず、ビタミンKを大量に生産する変異株、sp−2が得られた。この菌株は、納豆菌の培養において用いられる、通常の標準的な寒天培地でも、また、胞子形成用の寒天培地においても胞子の形成が認められず、よって、変異株sp−2はいわゆる胞子形成能欠損変異株であることがわかった。また、この菌株は、胞子形成能の欠損とそれに関連するコロニーの形態以外の菌学的性質に関しては、市販の納豆菌のもの〔食総研報(Rep.Natl.Food Res.Inst.)No.50,18〜21(1987)及び大豆月報、12月号、21〜29(1985)参照〕と変わらなかった。即ち、この変異株sp−2は、好気性、グラム染色陽性の桿菌であり、菌(栄養細胞)の大きさ(1×2〜3μm)、生育適温(35〜45℃)、各種の糖の発酵性、DNAのGC含量等の性質がBergey′s Manual 8版の枯草菌(Bacillus subtilis)の性質と一致しており、かつ粘質物を生成し、ビオチン要求性であること、及び納豆菌のファージに対して感受性であることから、いわゆる納豆菌(Bacillus natto)に属しているものである。この変異株sp−2(Bacillus sp.sp−2)は、平成10年1月12日、工業技術院生命工学工業技術研究所に、FERM P−16577号として寄託されている。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例でもって更に詳しく説明する。本発明において%はすべて重量%である。
【0012】
なお、ビタミンKの抽出・測定方法に関しては、従来より様々な方法が知られているが、下記の実施例においては、以下で述べる方法で行なった。
ビタミンKの抽出
培養液3.0mlを50ml容量の褐色ガラス遠沈管にとり、イソプロピルアルコール4.0mlを加え、ボルテックスミキサーにて30秒間×5回の攪拌・混合を行なう。後述の高速液体クロマグラフィー(HPLC)における内部標準用として、100μg/mlのメナキノン−4のn−ヘキサン溶液を1.0ml加え、更にn−へキサンを7.0ml加え、ボルテックスミキサーにて30秒間×5回の攪拌・混合を行なう。次いで、遠心分離機により、3500rpmで5分間遠心し、上清のへキサン層を別の褐色ガラス遠沈管に採取する。この遠沈管を45℃のウォーターバスで暖め、アスピレーターで吸引して乾燥させたのち、残存したビタミンKをn−へキサン4.0mlを加えて再度溶解する。このへキサン溶液を、予めn−へキサンとエチルエーテルとの容量比96:4の混合液を通した後にn−へキサン7.0mlを通して洗浄しておいた、セップパックシリカカートリッジ(ウォーターズ製)にゆっくり通し、ビタミンKを吸着させる。次いで、n−へキサンとエチルエーテルとの容量比96:4の混合液5.0mlをゆっくり通して、カートリッジ内よりビタミンKを溶出させる。溶出させたビタミンKは、別の褐色ガラス遠沈管に採取し、45℃のウォーターバスで暖め、アスピレーターで吸引して乾燥させたのち、残存したビタミンKをn−へキサン1.0mlを加えて再度溶解し、測定試料とする。
【0013】
ビタミンKの測定方法
HPLCは、Inertsil ODS(5μm)を充填した直径4.6mm、長さ250mmのカラムを用い、移動相はメタノール‐ジクロロメタン(4:1v/v)を毎分1mlの速度で流し、248nmでの吸光度をモニターすることにより実施し、ピークを検出した。
納豆菌由来のビタミンK(メナキノン−7:MK−7と略称)のピークは7分前後に、内部標準由来のメナキノン−4のピークは3.7分前後に溶出するので、培養液中の実際のMK−7の含量(mg/l)は、これらのピークエリアの比、ヘキサンにおけるモル吸光度、及び内部標準の力価に基づいて算出することができる。
【0014】
実施例
市販の納豆種菌(宮城野納豆製造所製の三浦菌)を親株とした。この親株をLB培地(バクトトリプトン10g、酵母エキス5g、食塩5g及び純水1000m1:pH6.8)で前培養し、5mlのLB培地を入れた試験管にこの前培養液50μlを接種し、37℃、120rpmで2時間振とう培養した。次いで、遠心分離機で集菌した菌体を生理食塩水で洗浄後、10m1の生理食塩水に懸濁し、このものに、15Wの紫外線殺菌灯で30cm上空の距離から紫外線を30秒間照射した。その後、胞子形成培地(ニュートリエントブロス8g、塩化カリウム1g、硫酸マグネシウム7水和物0.12g、硝酸カルシウム4水和物236mg、塩化マンガン4水和物198mg、硫酸鉄7水和物278μg及び純水1000m1:pH7.0)に再懸濁し、一晩振とう培養した。培養液を、単一コロニーを作るように適宜稀釈したのち、胞子形成寒天平板(寒天を1.5%上記胞子形成培地に添加したもの)に塗抹した。37℃で三日間培養した後、コロニーが透明なもの、或いはウェット状でクリーム色をしたコロニーを取得し、顕微鏡で胞子形成が認められないことを確かめたのち、無胞子変異株として取得した。
【0015】
上記の方法に従って得られた数種の変異株を、大豆煮汁培地(Brix10%の大豆煮汁、グリセリン5%:pH7.3)を20m1仕込んだ500m1容量の坂口フラスコに接種し、37℃、120rpmの条件下で4日間培養し、得られた培養液中のビタミンKの含量をそれぞれ高速液体クロマトグラフィーの結果に基づいて算出し、それらのビタミンK生産能を比較したところ、下記の表1に示したような幾つかのビタミンK高生産性菌株が得られた。その中で最もビタミンKの生産能力の高い変異株(sp−2株)を選び、このものを平成10年1月12日に工業技術院生命工学工業技術研究所に寄託した。該菌株に対して受託番号(FERM P−16577)が付与された。
【0016】
【表1】

Figure 0004104741
【0017】
sp−2株のビタミンKの生産性について、工業規模での大量生産のためにジャーファーメンターによる培養について検討を行なったところ、微生物の培養に一般的に用いられている培地では培養の後段で溶菌が起こり、その結果、ビタミンKの収量は期待した程得られなかった。
【0018】
よって、培養中の溶菌を防いで、ビタミンKの生産量を増加させるのに有効な培養方法について種々検討したところ、培地中に全粒大豆粉末、豆乳、脱脂大豆蛋白質粉末(分離大豆蛋白質粉末)、大豆成分抽出液(大豆煮汁)などの大豆又は大豆由来の成分を添加するならば溶菌が抑えられることを確認した。また、更にグリセリンを添加して培養を行なってみたところ、ビタミンKの生産量が飛躍的に増大することを確認した。
【0019】
上記の培養並びにその検討は以下の通りに行なった。
様々な大豆由来の成分を添加した培地を2000ml容量の小型ジャーファーメンターにそれぞれ600ml仕込み、sp−2株を接種して37℃、500rpm、通気量1.0vvmの条件下で三日間培養し、次いでそれぞれ高速液体クロマトグラフィーに付し、得られた結果に基づいてそれぞれのビタミンKの生産量を算定し、その結果を下記の表2に示した。
【0020】
【表2】
Figure 0004104741
【0021】
これらの結果から、当該変異株によるビタミンKのジャーファーメンターでの生産には、大豆あるいは大豆由来の成分の存在が好ましいことがわかる。大豆由来の成分において何がそのような効果をもたらすのか不明であるが、大豆煮汁、豆乳の他、分離大豆蛋白質粉末の微量添加においてもビタミンKの収率が増えていることから、その原因物質は多分大豆蛋白質であろう、と推察できる。
また、表2の結果から明らかなように、これらの大豆由来の成分は必ずしも多量に添加する必要はなく、その添加量は、限定されるものではないが、最終成分配合割合で(大豆煮汁の場合は、それに由来するBrix値で)、0.2〜1.0%程度でよく、このような配合割合で充分なビタミンKの増産効果が得られる。また、グリセリンの添加量は、最終成分配合割合で3〜10%程度が好ましい。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、発酵生産によるビタミンKの生産の向上化が達成し得、即ち、ビタミンKの含量率の著しく高い培養物を生産し得、しかも従来の生産法に比べてより安価に実施することができることから、食品に添加しうるビタミンKを安価に、かつ大量に生産できる方法を確立し得たといえる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vitamin K high-producing strain capable of producing a large amount of vitamin K, which has recently been attracting attention because it can be expected to be effective in preventing osteoporosis, and a method for producing vitamin K using the strain. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Vitamin K is conventionally known as one of the factors necessary for blood coagulation. Recent studies have revealed that vitamin K also has an effect of promoting bone formation and suppressing bone resorption, and that the administration of vitamin K increases bone density. There is also a synthetic vitamin K currently approved as a treatment for osteoporosis. Treatment of osteoporosis after onset is very difficult and it is important to prevent it. To that end, it will be necessary to ingest vitamin K along with calcium and vitamin D on a daily basis from food. It is well known that green-yellow vegetables and seaweed contain vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone), and that fermented foods such as natto contain vitamin K 2 (menaquinone). However, even natto, which is said to have the highest content, is only about 1 mg per 100 g, and it is very difficult to ingest the amount of vitamin K necessary for the prevention of osteoporosis from existing foods. Therefore, it seems that adding vitamin K to food would be effective, but synthetic vitamin K approved as a treatment for osteoporosis is not recognized as a food additive and cannot be added to food. . On the other hand, since natural vitamin K can be added to foods, attempts have been made to obtain vitamin K by separating and concentrating it from vegetables, natto, etc., but only a small amount is obtained because of the low content of vitamin K in the raw material. As a result, it is very expensive.
[0003]
As a method for producing vitamin K in large quantities, fermentation production of vitamin K using bacteria has been studied. As a method for producing vitamin K by fermentation, a method using a bacterium belonging to the genus Flavobacterium (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-28748, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-51070, etc.), a method using a bacterium belonging to the genus Rhodopseudomonas (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho) 57-202295, etc.), and methods utilizing bacteria belonging to Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium (Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-67674, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-8039, etc.) are known. It is not preferable to add vitamin K obtained by these methods to foods from the viewpoint of safety or the image given to consumers because of the use of bacteria as described above. Absent.
[0004]
Among various foods, natto contains the most vitamin K, so a method for producing vitamin K using natto bacteria is also known (JP-A-8-173078, JP-A-8-9916, etc.). From the standpoint of adding to food, it can be said that it is preferable to use natto bacteria, but even if fermentative production of vitamin K using ordinary commercially available natto bacteria, the vitamin K obtained by harvesting is as expected. Not many. Therefore, the acquisition of vitamin K high-producing strains and establishment of a method for culturing such strains that can be expected to produce vitamin K at a high level are currently required.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As mentioned above, in order to take vitamin K, which is expected to prevent osteoporosis, so that the effect can be expected, fermented production of vitamin K using Bacillus natto and collection of vitamin K obtained by sampling It is considered effective to add to foods taken daily. For this purpose, it is necessary to establish a method capable of producing vitamin K inexpensively and in large quantities using natto bacteria. Therefore, if a method capable of obtaining a vitamin K high-producing strain and producing a large amount of vitamin K using the strain is established, it can be said that there is a great industrial benefit.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research aimed at solving the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have increased the fermentative production of vitamin K by Bacillus natto at a stage before Bacillus natto begins to form spores, and the formation of spores proceeds. It has been found that the content of vitamin K in the culture medium increases under culture conditions in which the spore formation is delayed and the spore formation is delayed. Based on such findings, the present inventors have succeeded in obtaining a vitamin K high-producing strain by the method described in the section “Mutation production means” described later.
[0007]
The present inventors examined the fermentative production of vitamin K in a jar fermenter using the high productivity mutant obtained in this way, using various media, and are generally used for culturing microorganisms. In the culture medium, lysis occurred at the later stage of the culture, and it was found that the expected yield of vitamin K could not be obtained. When the method for preventing such lysis was further studied, soy or soybean-derived components such as whole grain soybean powder, separated soybean protein powder, soybean milk, soybean component extract (soybean broth) were added to the medium. It was found that a large amount of vitamin K can be produced. In addition, if glycerin is further added at that time, it has been found that the concentration of vitamin K in the culture solution can be further increased, and the present invention has been completed.
[0008]
That is, the present invention provides a vitamin K high-producing Bacillus natto mutant strain that is derived from Bacillus natto having spore-forming ability and that has a reduced or reduced spore-forming ability.
The present invention also provides a spore-forming ability-deficient vitamin K high-producing Bacillus natto mutant sp-2 (Bacillus sp. Sp-2) FERM P-16577 as a representative of the above mutants. .
Furthermore, this invention provides the fermentative production method of vitamin K using these strains.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for producing vitamin K characterized by culturing the strain in a medium to which soybean or a component derived from soybean is added in the above-mentioned method for fermenting vitamin K.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in detail below.
I. Mutation creation means: Pre-cultivate Bacillus natto having spore-forming ability, inoculate a new medium, and culture it until the middle of the logarithmic growth phase to form a single colony. After appropriate dilution, culture on sporulated agar plates. From the resulting colonies, a strain having a deficient or reduced spore-forming ability is obtained.
As a method of mutation treatment, irradiation with ultraviolet rays, X-rays or the like, or treatment with a mutagen such as NTG (N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine), EMS (ethyl methanesulfate), etc. However, it is not particularly limited.
In addition, the method for selecting a spore-free mutant having a reduced or reduced spore-forming ability from a colony produced by culturing on a sporulated agar plate after the mutation treatment is not particularly limited. Those that form amorphous or transparent colonies are isolated as mutants from the color or morphology of colonies on the spore-forming medium, and further, the presence or absence of spore formation is confirmed by microscopic observation. Judged to be a reduced mutant.
[0010]
II . Identification of mutant As shown in the Examples described later, a mutant strain, sp-2, which does not form spores and produces vitamin K in a large amount was obtained according to the above method. In this strain, spore formation was not observed even in a normal standard agar medium used in the culture of Bacillus natto, or in an agar medium for spore formation. It was found to be an ability-deficient mutant. In addition, regarding the bacteriological properties other than the deficiency of the spore-forming ability and the colony morphology associated therewith, this strain belongs to those of commercially available natto bacteria [Rep. Natl. Food Res. Inst. 50, 18-21 (1987) and soybean monthly report, December issue, 21-29 (1985)]. That is, this mutant sp-2 is an aerobic, Gram-staining-positive gonococcus, the size of the bacterium (vegetative cells) (1 × 2 to 3 μm), the optimum growth temperature (35 to 45 ° C.), and various sugars Properties such as fermentability and GC content of DNA are consistent with those of Bergey's Manual 8 edition Bacillus subtilis, and it produces a sticky product and is biotin-requiring. Since it is sensitive to phages, it belongs to the so-called Bacillus Natto. This mutant sp-2 (Bacillus sp. Sp-2) was deposited as FERM P-16577 to the Institute of Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology on January 12, 1998.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In the present invention, all percentages are percentages by weight.
[0012]
Various methods for extracting and measuring vitamin K are conventionally known, but in the following examples, the methods described below were used.
Extraction of vitamin K 3.0 ml of the culture solution is placed in a 50 ml brown glass centrifuge tube, 4.0 ml of isopropyl alcohol is added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed 30 times x 5 times with a vortex mixer. As an internal standard for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) described later, 1.0 ml of 100 μg / ml n-hexane solution of menaquinone-4 was added, 7.0 ml of n-hexane was further added, and vortex mixer was used for 30 seconds. X Stir and mix 5 times. Subsequently, it is centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes by a centrifuge, and the hexane layer of the supernatant is collected in another brown glass centrifuge tube. The centrifuge tube is warmed in a 45 ° C. water bath, sucked with an aspirator and dried, and then the remaining vitamin K is dissolved again by adding 4.0 ml of n-hexane. This hexane solution was passed through a mixture of n-hexane and ethyl ether in a volume ratio of 96: 4, and then washed with 7.0 ml of n-hexane. Pass slowly through to adsorb vitamin K. Next, 5.0 ml of a 96: 4 volume ratio of n-hexane and ethyl ether is slowly passed through to elute vitamin K from the cartridge. The eluted vitamin K is collected in another brown glass centrifuge tube, heated in a 45 ° C. water bath, sucked with an aspirator and dried, and then 1.0 ml of n-hexane is added to the remaining vitamin K. Re-dissolve to make a measurement sample.
[0013]
Vitamin K measurement method HPLC uses a column of 4.6 mm in diameter and 250 mm in length packed with Inertsil ODS (5 μm), and the mobile phase is methanol-dichloromethane (4: 1 v / v) flowing at a rate of 1 ml per minute. The peak was detected by monitoring the absorbance at 248 nm.
Since the peak of vitamin K (menaquinone-7: abbreviated as MK-7) derived from Bacillus natto elutes around 7 minutes and the peak of menaquinone-4 derived from the internal standard around 3.7 minutes, The content (mg / l) of MK-7 can be calculated based on the ratio of these peak areas, the molar absorbance in hexane, and the titer of the internal standard.
[0014]
Example A commercially available natto inoculum (Miura bacteria manufactured by Miyagino Natto Factory) was used as a parent strain. This parent strain was pre-cultured in LB medium (bactotryptone 10 g, yeast extract 5 g, salt 5 g and pure water 1000 ml 1: pH 6.8), and 50 μl of this preculture was inoculated into a test tube containing 5 ml of LB medium. The culture was shaken at 37 ° C. and 120 rpm for 2 hours. Subsequently, the cells collected by the centrifugal separator were washed with physiological saline, suspended in 10 ml physiological saline, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 30 seconds from a distance of 30 cm with a 15 W ultraviolet germicidal lamp. Thereafter, a sporulation medium (nutrient broth 8 g, potassium chloride 1 g, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 0.12 g, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 236 mg, manganese chloride tetrahydrate 198 mg, iron sulfate heptahydrate 278 μg and pure Resuspended in 1000 ml of water (pH 7.0) and cultured overnight with shaking. The culture solution was appropriately diluted to form a single colony, and then smeared on a spore-forming agar plate (agar added to 1.5% of the spore-forming medium). After culturing at 37 ° C. for 3 days, a colony having a transparent colony or a wet and creamy colony was obtained, and after confirming that no sporulation was observed with a microscope, it was obtained as a spore-free mutant.
[0015]
Several mutant strains obtained according to the above method were inoculated into a 500 ml volume Sakaguchi flask charged with 20 ml of a soy broth medium (Brix 10% soy broth, glycerin 5%: pH 7.3) at 37 ° C. and 120 rpm. The contents of vitamin K in the obtained culture broth were calculated based on the results of high performance liquid chromatography, and their ability to produce vitamin K was compared. Several high vitamin K-producing strains were obtained. Among them, a mutant strain (sp-2 strain) having the highest production ability of vitamin K was selected and deposited on January 12, 1998 at the Institute of Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. The accession number (FERM P-16577) was assigned to the strain.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004104741
[0017]
Regarding the productivity of Vitamin K of sp-2 strain, culturing by jar fermenter was studied for mass production on an industrial scale. Lysis occurred and as a result, the yield of vitamin K was not as high as expected.
[0018]
Therefore, various studies were made on effective culture methods for preventing lysis during cultivation and increasing the production of vitamin K. As a result, whole soybean powder, soy milk, defatted soybean protein powder (separated soybean protein powder) were contained in the medium. It was confirmed that lysis could be suppressed if soybeans or soybean-derived components such as soybean component extract (soybean broth) were added. Further, when culturing was carried out by further adding glycerin, it was confirmed that the production amount of vitamin K dramatically increased.
[0019]
The above culture and its examination were performed as follows.
A medium supplemented with various soybean-derived components was added to each 2000 ml capacity small jar fermenter, inoculated with sp-2 strain, cultured at 37 ° C., 500 rpm, and aeration rate of 1.0 vvm for 3 days. Each was then subjected to high performance liquid chromatography, and the production amount of each vitamin K was calculated based on the obtained results. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0020]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004104741
[0021]
From these results, it can be seen that for the production of vitamin K by the mutant strain in a jar fermenter, the presence of soybean or a component derived from soybean is preferable. It is unclear what causes such effects in soy-derived ingredients, but the cause of the causative substance is that the yield of vitamin K is increased by adding a small amount of separated soy protein powder in addition to soy broth and soy milk. Can probably be soy protein.
Further, as apparent from the results in Table 2, it is not always necessary to add a large amount of these soybean-derived components, and the amount of addition is not limited, but the final component blending ratio (of soybean broth In such a case, the Brix value derived therefrom may be about 0.2 to 1.0%, and a sufficient vitamin K production effect can be obtained at such a blending ratio. The amount of glycerin added is preferably about 3 to 10% in terms of the final component blending ratio.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the production of vitamin K by fermentation production, that is, it is possible to produce a culture with a significantly high content of vitamin K, and at a lower cost than conventional production methods. Therefore, it can be said that a method capable of producing vitamin K that can be added to foods at low cost and in large quantities can be established.

Claims (10)

胞子形成能を有する納豆菌由来の、胞子形成能が欠損或いは低下したビタミンK高生産性納豆菌変異株。Vitamin K high-producing Bacillus natto mutant strains that are derived from Bacillus natto having the ability to form spores and lack or reduce the ability to form spores. 胞子形成能欠損ビタミンK高生産性納豆菌変異株sp−2(Baci11us sp. sp-2 )FERM P−16577。Spore-forming deficiency vitamin K high productivity natto mutant sp-2 (Baci11us sp. Sp-2) FERM P-16577. 請求項1又は2に記載の納豆菌変異株を培養することを特徴とするビタミンKの生産方法。A method for producing vitamin K, comprising culturing the mutant of Bacillus natto according to claim 1 or 2. 大豆或いは大豆由来の成分を添加した培地で培養する、請求項3に記載のビタミンKの生産方法。The method for producing vitamin K according to claim 3, wherein the culture is performed in a medium containing soybean or soybean-derived components. 大豆或いは大豆由来の成分が全粒大豆粉末、分離大豆蛋白質粉末、豆乳、大豆成分抽出液(大豆煮汁)、及びこれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項4に記載のビタミンKの生産方法。The method for producing vitamin K according to claim 4, wherein the soybean or the soybean-derived component is selected from the group consisting of whole-grain soybean powder, separated soybean protein powder, soybean milk, soybean component extract (soybean broth), and mixtures thereof. . 大豆或いは大豆由来の成分を、培地の最終成分配合割合で0.2〜1.0%添加する、請求項4又は5に記載のビタミンKの生産方法。The method for producing vitamin K according to claim 4 or 5, wherein soybean or a soybean-derived component is added in an amount of 0.2 to 1.0% in a final component blending ratio of the medium. 大豆由来の成分が大豆煮汁である、請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載のビタミンKの生産方法。The method for producing vitamin K according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the soybean-derived component is soybean broth. 更にグリセリンを培地に添加する、請求項4〜7のいずれか一項に記載のビタミンKの生産方法。Furthermore, the production method of vitamin K as described in any one of Claims 4-7 which adds glycerol to a culture medium. グリセリンを、培地の最終成分配合割合で3〜10%添加する、請求項8に記載のビタミンKの生産方法。The method for producing vitamin K according to claim 8, wherein glycerin is added in an amount of 3 to 10% in a final component ratio of the medium. ジャーファーメンター内で培養する、請求項3〜9のいずれか一項に記載のビタミンKの生産方法。The method for producing vitamin K according to any one of claims 3 to 9, which is cultured in a jar fermenter.
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