JP4101934B2 - Lubricating oil additive and lubricating oil composition - Google Patents
Lubricating oil additive and lubricating oil composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4101934B2 JP4101934B2 JP18912998A JP18912998A JP4101934B2 JP 4101934 B2 JP4101934 B2 JP 4101934B2 JP 18912998 A JP18912998 A JP 18912998A JP 18912998 A JP18912998 A JP 18912998A JP 4101934 B2 JP4101934 B2 JP 4101934B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating oil
- oil
- group
- acid
- tert
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical group CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 6
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical group OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 claims description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Chemical group OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000600 sorbitol Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical group CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- -1 glycerin ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 55
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- NRWMBHYHFFGEEC-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-1-O-octadec-9-enyl glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO NRWMBHYHFFGEEC-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 3
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229940033355 lauric acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005063 tetradecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUHUMYVYHLHMCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-cyclohexylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C1CCCCC1)OC1=CC=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 XUHUMYVYHLHMCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGMXGCZJYUCMGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=1)OC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C1 MGMXGCZJYUCMGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEDNBHNWMHJNAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(8-methylnonyl) phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OCCCCCCCC(C)C QEDNBHNWMHJNAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZNDMMGBXUYFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(dodecylsulfanyl)phosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSP(SCCCCCCCCCCCC)SCCCCCCCCCCCC JZNDMMGBXUYFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005065 undecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、潤滑油添加剤及びそれを使用した潤滑油組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年の潤滑装置は、高速化、高出力化、小型化、メンテナンスフリー等が求められている。これに伴い潤滑油においても様々な問題が発生している。例えば、潤滑装置の小型化は、潤滑油量の減少を招いたため、潤滑油温は従来よりも上昇している。又、排気ガス中の窒素酸化物(NOX)の発生を抑制するために、三元触媒が普及したため、NOXガスがクランクケース内に漏洩する量が増加しこれが潤滑油の劣化を促進している。又、メンテナンスフリーの要求から、潤滑油には長寿命性即ちロングドレイン性が求められてきている。このように、過酷な条件下での高度な安定性を潤滑油に要求する動きは年々強まってきている。
【0003】
一方、潤滑油は使用中に物理的剪断を受けたり、高温・高圧下で酸化雰囲気下にさらされるため、時間と共に劣化していく。潤滑油に添加されている各種添加剤においても同様であり、本来の性能を発揮する以前に酸化劣化を受け、分解してその性能を発揮し得なかったり、逆に潤滑油に悪影響を及ぼす場合もある。
【0004】
近年においてはエンジンの高温における焼き付きの問題、低温におけるエネルギーロスの問題を改善するために、潤滑油基油自身の温度粘度特性を改良する試みが為されている。即ち、基油として原油から得られる鉱油を高度に精製した精製基油や、化学的手段によって合成された合成基油を使用する場合が増加している。このため、もともと鉱油中に含まれていた不純物である硫黄化合物や窒素化合物等の酸化防止性能を有する成分が排除されてしまったため、潤滑油基油単独での熱安定性が低下するといった問題が生じている。
【0005】
このような問題から、現在では基油に多種多様な添加剤を添加して、所望の性能を引き出している。添加剤の1つとして、グリセリンモノエステル類がある。グリセリンモノエステルは安価で、しかも、優れた摩擦調整効果を有しているため、エンジン油をはじめ幅広い分野の潤滑油に添加され使用されている。しかし、グリセリンモノエステルは水分の存在によって加水分解を引き起こすことが欠点とされている。この欠点を解消した添加剤として、グリセリンモノエーテル類がある。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来からグリセリンエーテル類は摩擦調整剤として有効であることが知られている。例えば、特開昭59−25890号公報には、鉱油系基油にジンクジチオホスフェート(ZDTP)とバチルアルコール、キミルアルコール、セラキルアルコール等のグリセリンエーテルを添加し、優れた摩擦調整能力を有することが記載されている。特開平9―157676号公報には、グリセリンモノオレイルエーテル(セラキルアルコール)等のエーテル系添加剤が、特に冷凍機用潤滑油に添加した場合に、優れた効果を発揮することが記載されている。
【0007】
しかし、上記のグリセリンモノオレイルエーテル等に代表されるグリセリンエーテルは、加水分解安定性には優れているが、潤滑性の面で満足できない場合があった。そこで本発明者等は鋭意検討し、潤滑性に優れた潤滑油添加剤を開発した。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明は、下記の一般式(1)
【化3】
[式中、R1は炭素数4以上の炭化水素基を表わし、R2は水素原子又は炭化水素基を表わし、R3は炭化水素基を表わし、aは1以上の数を表わし、nは1〜20の数を表わし、Bは下記の一般式(2)
【化4】
(式中、Xはポリオールから水酸基を除いた残基を表わし、R4は炭化水素基を表わし、bは1以上の数を表わし、mは0又は1以上の数を表わす。)で表わされる基を表わし、a+bは該ポリオールの水酸基の数を表わす。]
で表わされる化合物からなる潤滑油添加剤、及びこれとフェノール系又はアミン系酸化防止剤を含有する潤滑油組成物である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の潤滑油添加剤は、一般式(1)で表わされるグリコール系化合物からなる:
【化5】
一般式(1)において、R1は炭素数3以上の炭化水素基を表わす。炭化水素基としては例えばアルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基等が挙げられる。
【0010】
アルキル基としては例えば、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、2級ブチル、ターシャリブチル、ペンチル、イソペンチル、2級ペンチル、ネオペンチル、ターシャリペンチル、ヘキシル、2級ヘキシル、ヘプチル、2級ヘプチル、オクチル、2―エチルヘキシル、2級オクチル、ノニル、2級ノニル、デシル、2級デシル、ウンデシル、2級ウンデシル、ドデシル、2級ドデシル、トリデシル、イソトリデシル、2級トリデシル、テトラデシル、2級テトラデシル、ヘキサデシル、2級ヘキサデシル、ステアリル、イコシル、ドコシル、テトラコシル、トリアコンチル、2−ブチルオクチル、2−ブチルデシル、2−ヘキシルオクチル、2−ヘキシルデシル、2−オクチルデシル、2−ヘキシルドデシル、2−オクチルドデシル、2−デシルテトラデシル、2−ドデシルヘキサデシル、2−ヘキサデシルオクタデシル、2−テトラデシルオクタデシル、モノメチル分枝−イソステアリル等が挙げられる。
【0011】
アルケニル基としては例えば、ブテニル、イソブテニル、ペンテニル、イソペンテニル、ヘキセニル、ヘプテニル、オクテニル、ノネニル、デセニル、ウンデセニル、ドデセニル、テトラデセニル、オレイル等が挙げられる。
【0012】
アリール基としては例えば、フェニル、トルイル、キシリル、クメニル、メシチル、ベンジル、フェネチル、スチリル、シンナミル、ベンズヒドリル、トリチル、エチルフェニル、プロピルフェニル、ブチルフェニル、ペンチルフェニル、ヘキシルフェニル、ヘプチルフェニル、オクチルフェニル、ノニルフェニル、デシルフェニル、ウンデシルフェニル、ドデシルフェニル、フェニルフェニル、ベンジルフェニル、スチレン化フェニル、p−クミルフェニル、α−ナフチル、β−ナフチル基等が挙げられる。
【0013】
シクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基としては例えば、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘプチル、メチルシクロペンチル、メチルシクロヘキシル、メチルシクロヘプチル、シクロペンテニル、シクロヘキセニル、シクロヘプテニル、メチルシクロペンテニル、メチルシクロヘキセニル、メチルシクロヘプテニル基等が挙げられる。
【0014】
これらの中でも、あまりに長鎖の炭化水素基であると、潤滑油基油への溶解性が低くなる場合があり、あまりに短鎖の炭化水素基であると潤滑性が低くなる場合があるので、炭素数3〜36の炭化水素基が好ましく、炭素数4〜24のアルキル基、アルケニル基又はアリール基が好ましく、炭素数5〜24のアルキル基が最も好ましい。
【0015】
R2は炭化水素基であり、R1と同様の基が例示できるが、原料入手の面から水素原子であることが好ましい。
【0016】
R3は炭化水素基を表わすが、炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基であることが好ましい。一般式(1)の(R3−O)nの部分は、エチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイド、ブチレンオキサイド、α−オレフィンオキサイド、スチレンオキサイド等のアルキレンオキサイド等を付加重合することにより得ることができる。アルキレンオキサイド等を付加することによって(R3−O)nの部分を形成する場合は、付加させるアルキレンオキサイド等によりR3が決定される。付加させるアルキレンオキサイド等の重合形態は特に限定されず、1種類のアルキレンオキサイド等の単独重合、2種類以上のアルキレンオキサイド等のランダム共重合、ブロック共重合又はランダム/ブロック共重合等であってよい。R3としてはエチレン基又はプロピレン基が最も好ましく、R3が2種以上の基である場合は1種はエチレン基であることが好ましい。重合度nは好ましくは1〜20、より好ましくは1〜10、更に好ましくは1〜5である。
【0017】
一般式(1)において、Bは一般式(2)で表わされる基である:
【化6】
一般式(2)において、Xはポリオールから水酸基を除いた残基である。ポリオールとしては例えば、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,2−ブタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、1,2−オクタンジオール、1,8−オクタンジオール、イソプレングリコール、3−メチル−1,5−ペンタンジオール、ソルバイト、カテコール、レゾルシン、ヒドロキノン、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、水添ビスフェノールA、水添ビスフェノールF、ダイマージオール等のジオール;グリセリン、トリオキシイソブタン、1,2,3−ブタントリオール、1,2,3−ペンタントリオール、2−メチル−1,2,3−プロパントリオール、2−メチル−2,3,4−ブタントリオール、2−エチル−1,2,3−ブタントリオール、2,3,4−ペンタントリオール、2,3,4−ヘキサントリオール、4−プロピル−3,4,5−ヘプタントリオール、2,4−ジメチル−2,3,4−ペンタントリオール、ペンタメチルグリセリン、ペンタグリセリン、1,2,4−ブタントリオール、1,2,4−ペンタントリオール、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン等の3価アルコール;ペンタエリスリトール、エリスリトール、1,2,3,4−ペンタンテトロール、2,3,4,5−ヘキサンテトロール、1,2,4,5−ペンタンテトロール、1,3,4,5−ヘキサンテトロール、ジグリセリン、ソルビタン等の4価アルコール;アドニトール、アラビトール、キシリトール、トリグリセリン等の5価アルコール;ジペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール、マンニトール、イジトール、イノシトール、ダルシトール、タロース、アロース等の6価アルコール;蔗糖等の8価アルコール、ポリグリセリン又はこれらの脱水縮合物等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、潤滑性及び油溶性の面から、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ブチレングリコール、グリセリン、ソルビトール又はこれらの脱水縮合物が好ましい。
【0018】
但し、Bが水素原子であると、一般式(1)で表わされる化合物自体の流動性が悪くなり、潤滑油基油に配合する際の配合性や安定性が良くないため、Bは一般式(2)で表わされる基である。
【0019】
R4はR3と同様であり、炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基であることが好ましい。mは0又は1以上の数であり、好ましくは1〜20、より好ましくは1〜10、更に好ましくは1〜5である。
【0020】
又、aは1以上の数を表わし、bは1以上の数を表わす。尚、a+bは上記ポリオールの水酸基の数と一致する数である。
【0021】
一般式(1)で表わされる化合物としては、いわゆる1,2−アルカンジオール等の隣接長鎖アルカンジオール及びそれとポリオールの縮合物が該当する。一般式(1)の化合物を製造する方法は特に限定されない。通常は、長鎖1,2−アルカンジオール等にエチレンオキサイド等のアルキレンオキサイドを付加させる方法、長鎖α−オレフィンオキサイド等のオレフィンオキサイドにエチレングリコールやグリセリン等のポリオールを反応させる方法が挙げられる。
【0022】
本発明の潤滑油添加剤は、潤滑性を向上させる。又、エーテル型化合物であるために、加水分解することが無い。従って、グリセリンモノオレート等のエステル系潤滑剤と異なり潤滑油中に水分が混入した場合でも劣化することが無いので潤滑性には変化が無い。
【0023】
本発明の潤滑油添加剤は、潤滑油基油に配合されて使用される。配合量は特に限定されないが、あまりに少ないと潤滑性向上効果が十分発揮されず、あまりに多いとスラッジの原因ともなるので、好ましい配合量は潤滑油基油に対して0.01〜20重量%、より好ましくは0.05〜15重量%である。
【0024】
本発明の潤滑油添加剤は、フェノール系又はアミン系の酸化防止剤と併用すると、長期間に渡って潤滑性を発揮することが可能となる。フェノール系酸化防止剤としては、特に分子中にターシャリブチル基又はターシャリペンチル基を有するヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤が好ましい。例えば、2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチル−p−クレゾール、2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4−メチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4−エチルフェノール、2,4−ジメチル−6−tert.−ブチルフェノール、4,4’−メチレンビス(2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、4,4’−ビス(2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、4,4’−ビス(2−メチル−6−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、2,2’−メチレンビス(4−メチル−6−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、2,2’−メチレンビス(4−エチル−6−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、4,4’−ブチリデンビス(3−メチル−6−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、4,4’−イソプロピリデンビス(2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、2,2’−メチレンビス(4−メチル−6−シクロヘキシルフェノール)、2,2’−メチレンビス(4−メチル−6−ノニルフェノール)、2,2’−イソブチリデンビス(4,6−ジメチルフェノール)、2,6−ビス(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−tert.−ブチル−5’−メチルベンジル)4−メチルフェノール、3−tert.−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシアニソール、2−tert.−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシアニソール、4,4’−チオビス(3−メチル−6−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、4,4’−チオビス(2−メチル−6−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、2,2’−チオビス(4−メチル−6−tert.−ブチルフェノール)、2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチル−α−ジメチルアミノ−p−クレゾール、2,6−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4(N,N’−ジメチルアミノメチルフェノール)、ビス(3,5−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンジル)サルファイド、トリス{(3,5−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオニル−オキシエチル}イソシアヌレート、トリス(3,5−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)イソシアヌレート、1,3,5−トリス(3’,5’−ジ−tert.−ブチル−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンゾイル)イソシアヌレート、ビス{2−メチル−4−(3−n−アルキルチオプロピオニルオキシ)−5−tert.−ブチルフェニル}サルファイド、1,3,5−トリス(4−ジ−tert.−ブチル−3−ヒドロキシ−2,6−ジメチルベンジル)イソシアヌレート、テトラフタロイル―ジ(2,6−ジメチル−4−tert.−ブチル−3−ヒドロキシベンジルサルファイド)、6−(4−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジ−tert.−ブチルアニリノ)−2,4−ビス(オクチルチオ)−1,3,5−トリアジン、2,2−チオ−{ジエチル−ビス−3−(3,5−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)}プロピオネート、N,N’−ヘキサメチレンビス(3,5−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシ―ヒドロシナミド)、3,5−ジ−tert.−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシ−ベンジル−リン酸ジエステル、ビス(3−メチル−4−ヒドロキシ−5−tert.−ブチルベンジル)サルファイド、ビスフェノールA、アルキル化ビスフェノールA、ポリアルキル化ビスフェノールA等の他、
【化7】
【化8】
【化9】
【化10】
【化11】
【化12】
【化13】
【化14】
(式中、Meはメチル基を表わし、t−Buはtert.−ブチル基を表わし、Rは1価の炭化水素基を表わし、R’は2価の炭化水素基を表わす。)等が挙げられる。
【0025】
アミン系酸化防止剤としては、特に、芳香族アミン系酸化防止剤が好ましい。例えば、1−ナフチルアミン、フェニル−1−ナフチルアミン、p−オクチルフェニル−1−ナフチルアミン、p−ノニルフェニル−1−ナフチルアミン、p−ドデシルフェニル−1−ナフチルアミン、フェニル−2−ナフチルアミン等のナフチルアミン系酸化防止剤;N,N’−ジイソプロピル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ジイソブチル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ジフェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ジ−β−ナフチル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N−フェニル−N’−イソプロピル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N−シクロヘキシル−N’−フェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N−1,3−ジメチルブチル−N’−フェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、ジオクチル−p−フェニレンジアミン、フェニルヘキシル−p−フェニレンジアミン、フェニルオクチル−p−フェニレンジアミン等のフェニレンジアミン系酸化防止剤;ジピリジルアミン、ジフェニルアミン、p,p’−ジ−n−ブチルジフェニルアミン、p,p’−ジ−tert.−ブチルジフェニルアミン、p,p’−ジ−tert.−ペンチルジフェニルアミン、p,p’−ジノニルジフェニルアミン、p,p’−ジデシルジフェニルアミン、p,p’−ジドデシルジフェニルアミン、p,p’−ジスチリルジフェニルアミン、p,p’−ジメトキシジフェニルアミン、4,4’−ビス(4−α,α−ジメチルベンゾイル)ジフェニルアミン、p−イソプロポキシジフェニルアミン等のジフェニルアミン系酸化防止剤等が挙げられる。
【0026】
これらのフェノール系又はアミン系酸化防止剤の添加量は特に限定されないが、あまりに少ないと酸化防止効果が十分でなく、あまりに多いと添加した量に見合うだけの効果が無く技術的に意味が無いので、好ましくは基油に対して0.01〜5重量%、より好ましくは0.05〜3重量%である。
【0027】
本発明に使用することができる潤滑油基油は、鉱油、合成油又はこれらの混合物の何れであってもよい。潤滑油基油の動粘度は特に限定されないが、好ましくは100℃で1〜50cSt、40℃で10〜1,000cSt程度、粘度指数(VI)は好ましくは70以上、より好ましくは100以上である。
【0028】
鉱油は、天然の原油から分離されるものであり、これを適当に蒸留、精製等を行って製造される。鉱油の主成分は炭化水素(多くはパラフィン類である)であり、その他ナフテン分、芳香族分等を含有している。これらを水素化精製、溶剤脱れき、溶剤抽出、溶剤脱ろう、水添脱ろう、接触脱ろう、水素化分解、アルカリ蒸留、硫酸洗浄、白土処理等の精製を行った基油も好ましく使用することができる。これらの精製手段は、適宜に組み合わせて行われ、同一処理を複数段に分けて繰り返し行っても有効である。例えば、(A)留出油を溶剤抽出処理するか、又は溶剤抽出処理した後に水素化処理し、次いで硫酸洗浄する方法、(B)留出油を水素化処理した後に脱ろう処理する方法、(C)留出油を溶剤抽出処理した後に水素化処理する方法、(D)留出油を溶剤抽出処理した後に白土処理する方法、(E)留出油を二段或いは三段以上の水素化処理を行う、又はその後にアルカリ蒸留又は硫酸洗浄処理する方法、(F)留出油を水素化処理するか、又は水素化処理した後に、アルカリ蒸留又は硫酸洗浄処理する方法、或いはこれらの処理油を混合する方法等が有効である。
【0029】
これらの処理を行うと、芳香族分、硫黄分、窒素分等を除去することが可能である。現在の技術では、これらの不純分は痕跡量以下に除去することが可能であるが、芳香族分は潤滑油添加剤を溶解しやすくさせる効果があるため、3〜5重量%程度残存させる場合もある。例えば、現在使用されている高度精製鉱油中の硫黄分や窒素分は0.01重量%以下であり、場合によっては0.005重量%以下である。一方、芳香族分は1重量%以下、場合によっては0.05重量%以下のものもあれば3重量%程度残存しているものもある。
【0030】
又、合成油とは、化学的に合成された潤滑油であって、例えばポリ−α−オレフィン、ポリイソブチレン(ポリブテン)、ジエステル、ポリオールエステル、リン酸エステル、ケイ酸エステル、ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリフェニルエーテル、シリコーン、フッ素化化合物、アルキルベンゼン等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリ−α−オレフィン、ポリイソブチレン(ポリブテン)、ジエステル、ポリオールエステル、ポリアルキレングリコール等は汎用的に使用することができ、内燃機関油や加工油等に好ましく使用することができる。
【0031】
ポリ−α−オレフィンとしては例えば、1−ヘキセン、1−オクテン、1−ノネン、1−デセン、1−ドデセン、1−テトラデセン等をポリマー化又はオリゴマー化したもの或いはこれらを水素化したもの等が挙げられる。ジエステルとしては例えば、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカン二酸等の2塩基酸と、2−エチルヘキサノール、オクタノール、デカノール、ドデカノール、トリデカノール等のアルコールのジエステル等が挙げられる。ポリオールエステルとしては例えば、ネオペンチルグリコール、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール、ジペンタエリスリトール、トリペンタエリスリトール、或いはこれらのアルキレンオキサイド付加物等のポリオールと、酪酸、イソ酪酸、吉草酸、イソ吉草酸、ピバル酸、カプリン酸、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸等の脂肪酸とのエステル等が挙げられる。ポリアルキレングリコールとしては、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレンオキサイド/プロピレンオキサイドのブロック又はランダム共重合体のモノ又はジメチルエーテル等が挙げられる。
【0032】
これらの合成油は、各々化学的に合成されるため、単一物質か同族体の混合物である。従って、例えばポリ−α−オレフィン、ポリイソブチレン(ポリブテン)、ジエステル、ポリオールエステル、ポリアルキレングリコール等の合成油は、鉱油中に含まれる不純物であるベンゼンや多環縮合型の芳香族成分、チオフェン等の硫黄分、インドール、カルバゾール等の窒素分等は含まれていない。
【0033】
又、本発明の潤滑油添加剤は、必要に応じてその他の潤滑油添加剤と併用することができる。代表的な潤滑油添加剤としては、油性剤、摩擦緩和剤、極圧剤、その他の酸化防止剤、清浄剤、分散剤、粘度指数向上剤、消泡剤、防錆剤、流動点降下剤等が挙げられる。
【0034】
油性剤としては例えば、カプリン酸、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸、ベヘニン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸等の脂肪酸、ラウリルアルコール、ミリスチルアルコール、パルミチルアルコール、ステアリルアルコール、オレイルアルコール等のアルコール、ラウリルアミン、ミリスチルアミン、パルミチルアミン、ステアリルアミン、オレイルアミン等のアミン、ラウリルアミド、ミリスチルアミド、パルミチルアミド、ステアリルアミン、オレイルアミン等のアミド等が挙げられる。
【0035】
摩擦緩和剤としては例えば、カプリン酸(モノ、ジ、トリ)グリセリド、カプロン酸(モノ、ジ、トリ)グリセリド、カプリル酸(モノ、ジ、トリ)グリセリド、ラウリン酸(モノ、ジ、トリ)グリセリド、ミリスチン酸(モノ、ジ、トリ)グリセリド、パルミチン酸(モノ、ジ、トリ)グリセリド、ステアリン酸(モノ、ジ、トリ)グリセリド、オレイン酸(モノ、ジ、トリ)グリセリド等のエステル類、硫化オキシモリブデンジアルキルジチオカーバメート、硫化オキシモリブデンジアルキルジチオホスフェート等の金属塩類、グリセリンモノオレイルエーテル等のポリオールエーテル、ポリエーテル等が挙げられる。
【0036】
極圧剤としては例えば、硫化オレフィン、硫化パラフィン、硫化ポリオレフィン、硫化ラード、硫化魚油、硫化鯨油、硫化大豆油、硫化ピネン油、硫化フェノール、硫化アルキルフェノール、硫化脂肪酸、ジアルキルポリスルフィド、ジベンジルジスルフィド、ジフェニルジスルフィド、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、アルキルメルカプタン、アルキルスルホン酸、ジチオカルバミン酸エステル、1,3,4−チアジアゾール誘導体、チウラムジスルフィド、ブチル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、ヘキシル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、オクチル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、2−エチルヘキシル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、ノニル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、デシル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、ラウリル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、ミリスチル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、パルミチル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、ステアリル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、オレイル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、フェニル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート、クレジル(チオ、ジチオ)ホスフェート等の(チオ、ジチオ)リン酸系等が挙げられる。
【0037】
硫黄系酸化防止剤としては例えば、ジラウリルチオジプロピオネート、ジミリスチルチオジプロピオネート、ジステアリルチオジプロピオネート、ラウリルステアリルチオジプロピオネート、ジミリスチルチオジプロピオネート、ジステアリル−β,β’−チオジブチレート、2−メルカプトベンズイミダゾール、2−メルカプトメチルベンズイミダゾール、2−ベンズイミダゾールジスルフィド、ジラウリルサルファイド、アミルチオグリコレート等が挙げられる。
【0038】
リン系酸化防止剤としては例えば、トリフェニルホスファイト、トリノニルフェニルホスファイト、トリイソデシルホスファイト、ジフェニルイソデシルホスファイト、フェニルジイソトリデシルホスファイト、トリオクタデシルホスファイト、トリデシルホスファイト、ジフェニルノニルフェニルホスファイト、トリラウリルトリチオホスファイト、トリス(シクロヘキシルフェニル)ホスファイト、ビス(2−エチルヘキシル)ホスファイト、ジイソデシルペンタエリスリトールジホスファイト、ジステアリルペンタエリスリトールジホスファイト、テトラフェニルジプロピレングリコールジホスファイト等が挙げられる。
【0039】
金属塩系としては例えば、ニッケルジチオカーバメート、ジンク−2−メルカプトベンズイミダゾール等が挙げられる。
【0040】
清浄剤としては例えば、カルシウムスルホネート、カルシウムフェネート、カルシウムサリシレート、マグネシウムスルホネート、マグネシウムフェネート、マグネシウムサリシレート、バリウムスルホネート、バリウムフェネート、バリウムサリシレート等が挙げられる。分散剤としては例えば、ポリアルケニルコハク酸イミド、ポリアルケニルコハク酸イミドホウ素化物、ベンジルアミン等が挙げられる。粘度指数向上剤としては例えば、ポリ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリイソブチレン、ポリスチレン、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、スチレン−イソブチレン共重合体等が挙げられる。
【0041】
又、グリースとして用いられる場合は、本発明の潤滑油添加剤は、鉱油及又は合成油からなる基油に増稠剤を添加した基グリースに添加される。増稠剤としては、例えば、石鹸系又はコンプレックス石鹸系増稠剤、テレフタレメート系増稠剤、ウレア系増稠剤、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、フルオロ化エチレン−プロピレン共重合体等の有機非石鹸系増稠剤、無機非石鹸系増稠剤等が挙げられる。増稠剤の量は特に限定されるものではないが、基油と増稠剤からなる基グリースに対して通常好ましくは3〜40重量%、より好ましくは5〜20重量%である。上記基油と増稠剤からなる基グリースの稠度は特に限定されないが、通常100〜500程度である。
【0042】
本発明の潤滑油添加剤は、あらゆる用途の潤滑油に添加して使用できる。例えば、工業用潤滑油、タービン油、マシン油、軸受油、圧縮機油、油圧油、作動油、内燃機関油、冷凍機油、ギヤ油、自動変速機用油(ATF)、連続可変無段変速機用油(CVT油)、トランスアクスル流体、金属加工油等が挙げられる。又、すべり軸受、転がり軸受、歯車、ユニバーサルジョイント、トルクリミッタ、自動車用等速ジョイント(CVJ)、ボールジョイント、ホイールベアリング、等速ギヤ、変速ギヤ等の各種グリースに添加して使用することができる。中でも、車両用エンジン、2サイクルエンジン、航空機用エンジン、船舶用エンジン、機関車用エンジン等の内燃機関油の添加剤や、ギヤ油、自動変速機用油、連続無段変速機用油等のトランスミッション系潤滑油の添加剤として好適である。内燃機関としては例えば、ガソリンエンジン、ディーゼルエンジン、ジェットエンジン、ガスタービンエンジン、アルコールエンジン等が挙げられる。
【0043】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明する。尚、以下の実施例中、「部」及び「%」は特に記載が無い限り重量基準である。
<<基油>>
原油から得られた鉱油を、水素化分解プロセス法により処理して得られた鉱油系高VI油。動粘度は100℃で4.1cSt、40℃で18.3cSt、VI=126。
【0044】
<<本発明の潤滑油添加剤>>
<本発明品1> 1,2−ドデカンジオールEO2モル付加物(下記の式)
【化15】
【0045】
<本発明品2> 1,2−ドデカンジオールPO2モル付加物(下記の式)
【化16】
【0046】
<本発明品3> 1,2−ヘキサデカンジオールEO2モル付加物(下記の式)
【化17】
【0047】
<本発明品4> 1,2−テトラデカンジオールEO2モル付加物(下記の式)
【化18】
【0048】
<本発明品5> 1,2−オクタデカンジオールEO2モル付加物(下記の式)
【化19】
【0049】
<<酸化防止剤>>
<酸化防止剤1>
【化20】
(Rはオレイル基)
【0050】
<<比較品>>
<比較品1> グリセリンモノオレイルエステル
<比較品2> オレイン酸アミド
<比較品3> グリセリンモノオレイルエーテル
【0051】
上記の成分から得られた潤滑油組成物について、下記の方法により内燃機関用潤滑油酸化劣化試験を行い、その後摩擦係数測定試験を行った。
<内燃機関用潤滑油酸化安定性試験>
内燃機関用潤滑油酸化安定性試験は、JIS−K−2514に準じて行った。なお、恒温槽の温度を165.5℃、試料かき混ぜ棒を毎分1,300回転で24時間攪拌し、試料油を劣化させた。
<摩擦係数測定試験>
摩擦係数は、SRV測定試験機を用いて行った。試験条件はボールオンプレートの線接触条件で行った。即ち、上部シリンダー(φ15×22mm)をプレート(φ24×6.85mm)上にセットし、下記の条件で往復振動させ、15分後に摩擦係数を測定した。尚、材質は両者共SUJ−2であった。
荷重:200N
温度:80℃
測定時間:15分
振幅:1mm
サイクル:50Hz
【0052】
【表1】
【0053】
【表2】
【0054】
【表3】
【0055】
【発明の効果】
本発明の効果は、新規な潤滑油添加剤及びそれを使用した潤滑油組成物を提供したことにある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lubricating oil additive and a lubricating oil composition using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recent lubrication apparatuses are required to have high speed, high output, miniaturization, maintenance-free and the like. Along with this, various problems have also occurred in the lubricating oil. For example, the downsizing of the lubricating device has led to a decrease in the amount of lubricating oil, so the lubricating oil temperature has risen more than before. Also, since three-way catalysts have become widespread in order to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides (NO X ) in the exhaust gas, the amount of NO X gas leaking into the crankcase increases, which promotes deterioration of the lubricating oil. ing. In addition, due to maintenance-free requirements, lubricating oils are required to have a long life, that is, a long drain property. Thus, the movement which requires the lubricating oil to have a high degree of stability under severe conditions has been increasing year by year.
[0003]
On the other hand, lubricating oil is subject to physical shearing during use, and is exposed to an oxidizing atmosphere at high temperature and high pressure, so that it deteriorates with time. The same applies to various additives added to lubricating oils, where they are subject to oxidative degradation prior to their original performance and cannot be decomposed to exhibit their performance or adversely affect the lubricating oil. There is also.
[0004]
In recent years, attempts have been made to improve the temperature-viscosity characteristics of the lubricating base oil itself in order to improve the problem of engine seizure at high temperatures and the problem of energy loss at low temperatures. That is, the use of a refined base oil obtained by highly refining mineral oil obtained from crude oil or a synthetic base oil synthesized by chemical means is increasing as a base oil. For this reason, since components having antioxidation performance such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds, which are impurities originally contained in mineral oil, have been eliminated, there is a problem that the thermal stability of the lubricating base oil alone is lowered. Has occurred.
[0005]
Because of these problems, a wide variety of additives are currently added to the base oil to bring out the desired performance. One additive is glycerol monoesters. Since glycerin monoester is inexpensive and has an excellent friction adjusting effect, it is added to lubricating oils in a wide range of fields including engine oils. However, glycerin monoesters are disadvantageous in that they cause hydrolysis due to the presence of moisture. As an additive that has solved this drawback, there are glycerin monoethers.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, glycerin ethers are known to be effective as friction modifiers. For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-25890, zinc dithiophosphate (ZDTP) and glycerin ethers such as batyl alcohol, chimyl alcohol, and seraalkyl alcohol are added to a mineral base oil and have excellent friction adjusting ability. It is described. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-157676 describes that an ether-based additive such as glycerin monooleyl ether (ceralkyl alcohol) exhibits an excellent effect, particularly when added to a lubricating oil for a refrigerator. Yes.
[0007]
However, glycerin ethers typified by the above-mentioned glycerin monooleyl ether are excellent in hydrolysis stability, but may not be satisfactory in terms of lubricity. Therefore, the present inventors diligently studied and developed a lubricating oil additive having excellent lubricity.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides the following general formula (1)
[Chemical 3]
[Wherein R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 4 or more carbon atoms, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, R 3 represents a hydrocarbon group, a represents a number of 1 or more, and n represents represents the number of 1 to 20, B is under Symbol of the general formula (2)
[Formula 4]
(In the formula, X represents a residue obtained by removing a hydroxyl group from a polyol, R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group, b represents a number of 1 or more, and m represents 0 or a number of 1 or more). I represent a group, a + b represents the number of hydroxyl groups of the polyol. ]
And a lubricating oil composition containing a phenolic or amine antioxidant and a lubricating oil additive comprising the compound represented by formula (1).
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The lubricating oil additive of the present invention comprises a glycol compound represented by the general formula (1):
[Chemical formula 5]
In the general formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 3 or more carbon atoms. Examples of the hydrocarbon group include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, and a cycloalkenyl group.
[0010]
Examples of the alkyl group include propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, secondary butyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, secondary pentyl, neopentyl, tertiary pentyl, hexyl, secondary hexyl, heptyl, secondary heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, secondary octyl, nonyl, secondary nonyl, decyl, secondary decyl, undecyl, secondary undecyl, dodecyl, secondary dodecyl, tridecyl, isotridecyl, secondary tridecyl, tetradecyl, secondary tetradecyl, hexadecyl, secondary Hexadecyl, stearyl, icosyl, docosyl, tetracosyl, triacontyl, 2-butyloctyl, 2-butyldecyl, 2-hexyloctyl, 2-hexyldecyl, 2-octyldecyl, 2-hexyldecyl, 2-octyldodecyl , 2-decyl tetradecyl, 2-dodecyl-hexadecyl, 2-hexadecyl octadecyl, 2-tetradecyl-octadecyl, monomethyl branched - include isostearyl.
[0011]
Examples of the alkenyl group include butenyl, isobutenyl, pentenyl, isopentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tetradecenyl, oleyl and the like.
[0012]
Examples of the aryl group include phenyl, toluyl, xylyl, cumenyl, mesityl, benzyl, phenethyl, styryl, cinnamyl, benzhydryl, trityl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, butylphenyl, pentylphenyl, hexylphenyl, heptylphenyl, octylphenyl, nonyl Examples include phenyl, decylphenyl, undecylphenyl, dodecylphenyl, phenylphenyl, benzylphenyl, styrenated phenyl, p-cumylphenyl, α-naphthyl, β-naphthyl group and the like.
[0013]
Examples of the cycloalkyl group and cycloalkenyl group include cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclopentyl, methylcyclohexyl, methylcycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, methylcyclopentenyl, methylcyclohexenyl, methylcycloheptenyl group, and the like. Is mentioned.
[0014]
Among these, if the hydrocarbon group is too long, the solubility in the lubricating base oil may be low, and if the hydrocarbon group is too short, the lubricity may be low. A hydrocarbon group having 3 to 36 carbon atoms is preferred, an alkyl group having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group or an aryl group is preferred, and an alkyl group having 5 to 24 carbon atoms is most preferred.
[0015]
R 2 is a hydrocarbon group and can be exemplified by the same groups as R 1 , but is preferably a hydrogen atom from the standpoint of obtaining raw materials.
[0016]
R 3 represents a hydrocarbon group, preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. The part of (R 3 —O) n in the general formula (1) can be obtained by addition polymerization of alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, α-olefin oxide, styrene oxide, and the like. When the (R 3 —O) n portion is formed by adding alkylene oxide or the like, R 3 is determined by the alkylene oxide or the like to be added. The polymerization form such as alkylene oxide to be added is not particularly limited, and may be homopolymerization of one kind of alkylene oxide, random copolymerization of two or more kinds of alkylene oxide, block copolymerization, random / block copolymerization, or the like. . R 3 is most preferably an ethylene group or a propylene group, and when R 3 is two or more groups, one is preferably an ethylene group. The polymerization degree n is good Mashiku 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, more preferably from 1 to 5.
[0017]
In general formula (1), B is a group represented by one general formula (2):
[Chemical 6]
In the general formula (2), X is a residue obtained by removing a hydroxyl group from a polyol. Examples of the polyol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, 1,8-octanediol, Diols such as isoprene glycol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, sorbite, catechol, resorcin, hydroquinone, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, hydrogenated bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol F, dimer diol; glycerin, trioxyisobutane, 1,2,3-butanetriol, 1,2,3-pentanetriol, 2-methyl-1,2,3-propanetriol, 2-methyl-2,3,4-butanetriol, 2-ethyl-1, 2,3-butanetriol, 2, , 4-pentanetriol, 2,3,4-hexanetriol, 4-propyl-3,4,5-heptanetriol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,3,4-pentanetriol, pentamethylglycerin, pentaglycerin, Trivalent alcohols such as 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,2,4-pentanetriol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane; pentaerythritol, erythritol, 1,2,3,4-pentanetetrol, 2, Quaternary alcohols such as 3,4,5-hexanetetrol, 1,2,4,5-pentanetetrol, 1,3,4,5-hexanetetrol, diglycerin, sorbitan; adonitol, arabitol, xylitol, Pentahydric alcohols such as triglycerin; dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, ma Nitoru, iditol, inositol, dulcitol, talose, hexavalent alcohols such as allose; 8 monohydric alcohols such as sucrose, polyglycerol or these dehydrated condensates and the like. Among these, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol or a dehydration condensate thereof is preferable from the viewpoint of lubricity and oil solubility.
[0018]
However, when B is a hydrogen atom, the fluidity of the compound itself represented by the general formula (1) is deteriorated, and the blendability and stability when blended with the lubricating base oil are not good. (2) Ru Oh a group represented by.
[0019]
R 4 is the same as R 3 and is preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. m is 0 or a number of 1 or more, preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, and still more preferably 1 to 5.
[0020]
A represents a number of 1 or more, and b represents a number of 1 or more. Here , a + b is a number that matches the number of hydroxyl groups of the polyol.
[0021]
Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) include adjacent long-chain alkanediols such as so-called 1,2-alkanediol and condensates thereof with polyols. The method for producing the compound of the general formula (1) is not particularly limited. Usually, a method of adding an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide to a long chain 1,2-alkanediol or the like, and a method of reacting an olefin oxide such as a long chain α-olefin oxide with a polyol such as ethylene glycol or glycerin.
[0022]
The lubricating oil additive of the present invention improves lubricity. Moreover, since it is an ether type compound, it does not hydrolyze. Accordingly, unlike ester lubricants such as glycerin monooleate, there is no change in lubricity because there is no deterioration even when moisture is mixed in the lubricating oil.
[0023]
The lubricating oil additive of the present invention is used by blending with a lubricating base oil. The blending amount is not particularly limited, but if the amount is too small, the effect of improving the lubricity is not sufficiently exhibited. If the amount is too large, sludge is caused. Therefore, the preferable blending amount is 0.01 to 20% by weight based on the lubricating base oil. More preferably, it is 0.05 to 15% by weight.
[0024]
When the lubricating oil additive of the present invention is used in combination with a phenol-based or amine-based antioxidant, it becomes possible to exhibit lubricity over a long period of time. As the phenolic antioxidant, a hindered phenolic antioxidant having a tertiary butyl group or a tertiary pentyl group in the molecule is particularly preferable. For example, 2,6-di-tert.-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di- tert.-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert.-butylphenol, 4,4'-methylenebis (2,6-di-tert.-butylphenol), 4,4'-bis (2 , 6-di-tert.-butylphenol), 4,4′-bis (2-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol), 2,2′-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol), 2 , 2'-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-tert.-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidenebis (3-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol), 4,4'-isopropylidene Bis (2,6-di-tert.-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-nonylphenol), 2,2 '-Isobutylidenebis (4,6-dimethylphenol), 2,6-bis (2'-hydroxy-3'-tert.-butyl-5'-methylbenzyl) 4-methylphenol, 3-tert.- Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 2-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 4,4′-thiobis (3-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol), 4,4′-thiobis (2-methyl-6) -Tert.-butylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis (4-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol), 2,6-di-tert. -Butyl- [alpha] -dimethylamino-p-cresol, 2,6-di-tert. -Butyl-4 (N, N'-dimethylaminomethylphenol), bis (3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, tris {(3,5-di-tert.-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl-oxyethyl} isocyanurate, tris (3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris (3 ′, 5′-di-tert) .-Butyl-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl) isocyanurate, bis {2-methyl-4- (3-n-alkylthiopropionyloxy) -5-tert. -Butylphenyl} sulfide, 1,3,5-tris (4-di-tert.-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) isocyanurate, tetraphthaloyl-di (2,6-dimethyl-4) -Tert.-butyl-3-hydroxybenzylsulfide), 6- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert.-butylanilino) -2,4-bis (octylthio) -1,3,5-triazine, 2 , 2-thio- {diethyl-bis-3- (3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)} propionate, N, N'-hexamethylenebis (3,5-di-tert.- Butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamide), 3,5-di-tert. -Butyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl-phosphate diester, bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert.-butylbenzyl) sulfide, bisphenol A, alkylated bisphenol A, polyalkylated bisphenol A, etc.
[Chemical 7]
[Chemical 8]
[Chemical 9]
[Chemical Formula 10]
Embedded image
Embedded image
Embedded image
Embedded image
(Wherein Me represents a methyl group, t-Bu represents a tert.-butyl group, R represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and R ′ represents a divalent hydrocarbon group). It is done.
[0025]
As the amine antioxidant, an aromatic amine antioxidant is particularly preferable. For example, naphthylamine antioxidants such as 1-naphthylamine, phenyl-1-naphthylamine, p-octylphenyl-1-naphthylamine, p-nonylphenyl-1-naphthylamine, p-dodecylphenyl-1-naphthylamine, phenyl-2-naphthylamine, etc. Agents: N, N′-diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N′-diisobutyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N′-di-β-naphthyl-p -Phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-N'-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-1,3-dimethylbutyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine , Dioctyl-p-phenylenediamine, phenylhexyl p- phenylenediamine, phenylenediamine-based antioxidants such as phenyl-octyl -p- phenylenediamine; dipyridylamine, diphenylamine, p, p'-di -n- butyl diphenylamine, p, p'-di-tert.. -Butyldiphenylamine, p, p'-di-tert. -Pentyldiphenylamine, p, p'-dinonyldiphenylamine, p, p'-didecyldiphenylamine, p, p'-didodecyldiphenylamine, p, p'-distyryldiphenylamine, p, p'-dimethoxydiphenylamine, 4, Examples thereof include diphenylamine antioxidants such as 4′-bis (4-α, α-dimethylbenzoyl) diphenylamine and p-isopropoxydiphenylamine.
[0026]
The amount of addition of these phenol-based or amine-based antioxidants is not particularly limited, but if it is too small, the antioxidant effect is not sufficient, and if it is too large, there is no effect corresponding to the amount added and it is technically meaningless. , Preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 3% by weight, based on the base oil.
[0027]
The lubricating base oil that can be used in the present invention may be any of mineral oil, synthetic oil, or a mixture thereof. The kinematic viscosity of the lubricating base oil is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 50 cSt at 100 ° C., about 10 to 1,000 cSt at 40 ° C., and the viscosity index (VI) is preferably 70 or more, more preferably 100 or more. .
[0028]
Mineral oil is separated from natural crude oil, and is produced by appropriately distilling and refining it. Mineral oil is mainly composed of hydrocarbons (many are paraffins), and also contains naphthene, aromatics and the like. Base oils that have been purified by hydrorefining, solvent dewaxing, solvent extraction, solvent dewaxing, hydrodewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrocracking, alkaline distillation, sulfuric acid washing, clay treatment, etc. are also preferably used. be able to. These purification means are performed in an appropriate combination, and it is effective to repeatedly perform the same process in a plurality of stages. For example, (A) Distilled oil is subjected to solvent extraction treatment, or hydrotreated after solvent extraction treatment and then washed with sulfuric acid, (B) Dewaxed oil is hydrotreated and then dewaxed, (C) Method of hydrotreating distillate oil after solvent extraction treatment, (D) Method of distillate oil being subjected to solvent extraction treatment and then clay treatment, (E) Distillate oil in two or more stages of hydrogen A method of performing an alkali treatment, or an alkali distillation or sulfuric acid washing treatment thereafter, (F) a method of subjecting a distillate to a hydrogenation treatment, or a hydrogenation treatment followed by an alkali distillation or a sulfuric acid washing treatment, or these treatments A method of mixing oil is effective.
[0029]
By performing these treatments, it is possible to remove aromatic components, sulfur components, nitrogen components and the like. In the current technology, these impurities can be removed to a trace amount or less, but the aromatic component has the effect of easily dissolving the lubricating oil additive, so that it remains about 3 to 5% by weight. There is also. For example, the sulfur content and nitrogen content in highly refined mineral oil currently used are 0.01% by weight or less, and in some cases 0.005% by weight or less. On the other hand, the aromatic content is 1% by weight or less, and in some cases, 0.05% by weight or less, and in some cases, about 3% by weight remains.
[0030]
Synthetic oil is a chemically synthesized lubricating oil such as poly-α-olefin, polyisobutylene (polybutene), diester, polyol ester, phosphate ester, silicate ester, polyalkylene glycol, poly Examples include phenyl ether, silicone, fluorinated compound, alkylbenzene and the like. Among these, poly-α-olefin, polyisobutylene (polybutene), diester, polyol ester, polyalkylene glycol, and the like can be used for general purposes, and can be preferably used for internal combustion engine oil, processing oil, and the like.
[0031]
Examples of the poly-α-olefin include those obtained by polymerizing or oligomerizing 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, etc., or hydrogenating these. Can be mentioned. Examples of diesters include dibasic acids such as dibasic acids such as glutaric acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid, and alcohols such as 2-ethylhexanol, octanol, decanol, dodecanol, and tridecanol. Examples of polyol esters include neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, glycerin, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, or alkylene oxide adducts thereof, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, Examples thereof include esters with fatty acids such as valeric acid, isovaleric acid, pivalic acid, capric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid. Examples of the polyalkylene glycol include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block or random copolymer mono- or dimethyl ether.
[0032]
Each of these synthetic oils is chemically synthesized and therefore is a single substance or a mixture of homologues. Therefore, for example, synthetic oils such as poly-α-olefin, polyisobutylene (polybutene), diester, polyol ester, polyalkylene glycol, benzene, polycyclic condensation type aromatic component, thiophene, etc. contained in mineral oil Sulfur content, nitrogen content such as indole and carbazole is not included.
[0033]
The lubricating oil additive of the present invention can be used in combination with other lubricating oil additives as required. Typical lubricant additives include oiliness agents, friction modifiers, extreme pressure agents, other antioxidants, detergents, dispersants, viscosity index improvers, antifoaming agents, rust inhibitors, pour point depressants. Etc.
[0034]
Examples of oil-based agents include capric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and other fatty acids, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, palmityl Examples include alcohols such as alcohol, stearyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol, amines such as laurylamine, myristylamine, palmitylamine, stearylamine and oleylamine, amides such as laurylamide, myristylamide, palmitylamide, stearylamine and oleylamine. .
[0035]
Examples of friction modifiers include capric acid (mono, di, tri) glycerides, caproic acid (mono, di, tri) glycerides, caprylic acid (mono, di, tri) glycerides, lauric acid (mono, di, tri) glycerides , Esters of myristic acid (mono, di, tri) glycerides, palmitic acid (mono, di, tri) glycerides, stearic acid (mono, di, tri) glycerides, oleic acid (mono, di, tri) glycerides, sulfurized Examples thereof include metal salts such as oxymolybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate and sulfurized oxymolybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate, polyol ethers such as glycerol monooleyl ether, and polyethers.
[0036]
Examples of extreme pressure agents include sulfurized olefin, sulfurized paraffin, sulfurized polyolefin, sulfurized lard, sulfurized fish oil, sulfurized whale oil, sulfurized soybean oil, sulfurized pinene oil, sulfurized phenol, sulfurized alkylphenol, sulfurized fatty acid, dialkyl polysulfide, dibenzyl disulfide, diphenyl. Disulfide, polyphenylene sulfide, alkyl mercaptan, alkyl sulfonic acid, dithiocarbamic acid ester, 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative, thiuram disulfide, butyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, hexyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, octyl (thio, dithio) Phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, nonyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, decyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, lauryl (thio, dithio) Sulfate, myristyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, palmityl (thio, dithio) phosphate, stearyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, oleyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, phenyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, cresyl (thio, dithio) phosphate, etc. (Thio, dithio) phosphoric acid type and the like.
[0037]
Examples of sulfur-based antioxidants include dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, lauryl stearyl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl thiodipropionate, distearyl-β, β Examples include '-thiodibutyrate, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, 2-mercaptomethylbenzimidazole, 2-benzimidazole disulfide, dilauryl sulfide, and amylthioglycolate.
[0038]
Examples of phosphorus antioxidants include triphenyl phosphite, trinonyl phenyl phosphite, triisodecyl phosphite, diphenyl isodecyl phosphite, phenyl diisotridecyl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, diphenyl. Nonylphenyl phosphite, trilauryl trithiophosphite, tris (cyclohexylphenyl) phosphite, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphite, diisodecylpentaerythritol diphosphite, distearylpentaerythritol diphosphite, tetraphenyldipropylene glycol diphos Fight etc. are mentioned.
[0039]
Examples of the metal salt system include nickel dithiocarbamate and zinc-2-mercaptobenzimidazole.
[0040]
Examples of the detergent include calcium sulfonate, calcium phenate, calcium salicylate, magnesium sulfonate, magnesium phenate, magnesium salicylate, barium sulfonate, barium phenate, and barium salicylate. Examples of the dispersant include polyalkenyl succinimide, polyalkenyl succinimide borate, benzylamine and the like. Examples of the viscosity index improver include poly (meth) acrylate, polyisobutylene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, styrene-isobutylene copolymer, and the like.
[0041]
When used as a grease, the lubricating oil additive of the present invention is added to a base grease obtained by adding a thickener to a base oil made of mineral oil or synthetic oil. Examples of the thickener include organic non-soap such as soap or complex soap thickener, terephthalate thickener, urea thickener, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer, etc. Examples thereof include a system thickener and an inorganic non-soap thickener. The amount of the thickener is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferably 3 to 40% by weight, more preferably 5 to 20% by weight based on the base grease composed of the base oil and the thickener. The consistency of the base grease composed of the base oil and the thickener is not particularly limited, but is usually about 100 to 500.
[0042]
The lubricating oil additive of the present invention can be used by adding it to lubricating oils of any application. For example, industrial lubricating oil, turbine oil, machine oil, bearing oil, compressor oil, hydraulic oil, hydraulic oil, internal combustion engine oil, refrigerating machine oil, gear oil, automatic transmission oil (ATF), continuously variable continuously variable transmission Examples include oil for use (CVT oil), transaxle fluid, and metalworking oil. It can also be used by adding to various greases such as plain bearings, rolling bearings, gears, universal joints, torque limiters, constant velocity joints for automobiles (CVJ), ball joints, wheel bearings, constant speed gears, and transmission gears. . Among them, additives for internal combustion engine oil such as vehicle engines, two-cycle engines, aircraft engines, marine engines, locomotive engines, gear oils, automatic transmission oils, continuous continuously variable transmission oils, etc. It is suitable as an additive for transmission system lubricating oil. Examples of the internal combustion engine include a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, a jet engine, a gas turbine engine, and an alcohol engine.
[0043]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In the following examples, “part” and “%” are based on weight unless otherwise specified.
<< Base oil >>
Mineral oil-based high VI oil obtained by treating mineral oil obtained from crude oil by a hydrocracking process. The kinematic viscosity is 4.1 cSt at 100 ° C., 18.3 cSt at 40 ° C., VI = 126.
[0044]
<< Lubricating Oil Additive of the Present Invention >>
<Invention product 1 > 1,2-dodecanediol EO 2 mol adduct (the following formula)
Embedded image
[0045]
<Invention product 2 > 1,2-dodecanediol PO2 molar adduct (formula below)
Embedded image
[0046]
<Invention Product 3 > 1,2-Hexadecanediol EO 2 mol adduct (the following formula)
Embedded image
[0047]
<Invention product 4 > 1,2-tetradecanediol EO 2 mol adduct (formula below)
Embedded image
[0048]
<Invention product 5 > 1,2-octadecanediol EO 2 mol adduct (formula below)
Embedded image
[0049]
<< Antioxidant >>
<Antioxidant 1>
Embedded image
(R is an oleyl group)
[0050]
<< Comparison product >>
<Comparative product 1> Glycerin monooleyl ester <Comparative product 2> Oleic acid amide <Comparative product 3> Glycerol monooleyl ether [0051]
About the lubricating oil composition obtained from said component, the lubricating oil oxidation deterioration test for internal combustion engines was done by the following method, and the friction coefficient measurement test was done after that.
<Oxidation stability test for lubricating oil for internal combustion engines>
The lubricating oil oxidation stability test for internal combustion engines was performed according to JIS-K-2514. The temperature of the thermostatic bath was 165.5 ° C., and the sample stirring rod was stirred at 1,300 revolutions per minute for 24 hours to deteriorate the sample oil.
<Friction coefficient measurement test>
The coefficient of friction was measured using an SRV measurement tester. The test conditions were ball-on-plate line contact conditions. That is, the upper cylinder (φ15 × 22 mm) was set on a plate (φ24 × 6.85 mm), reciprocated under the following conditions, and the friction coefficient was measured after 15 minutes. Both materials were SUJ-2.
Load: 200N
Temperature: 80 ° C
Measurement time: 15 minutes Amplitude: 1 mm
Cycle: 50Hz
[0052]
[Table 1]
[0053]
[Table 2]
[0054]
[Table 3]
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
The effect of the present invention is to provide a novel lubricating oil additive and a lubricating oil composition using the same.
Claims (6)
で表わされる化合物からなる潤滑油添加剤。The following general formula (1)
A lubricating oil additive comprising a compound represented by:
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WO2011007643A1 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | 株式会社ジャパンエナジー | Fuel-efficient engine oil composition |
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