JP4049699B2 - Method and apparatus for removing sediment in the vicinity of water pipe intake - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a method and apparatus for removing sediment in the vicinity of a water pipe intake in a hydroelectric power generation facility in a small-scale dam, in particular, a multipurpose dam or a sabo dam.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
In recent years, the use of natural energy such as sunlight, wind power, and wave power, which are friendly to nature and the environment, has attracted attention as a measure to prevent global warming, and its development and introduction are being promoted.
[0003]
One of them is a small hydropower generation facility using small dams such as multipurpose dams and sabo dams. Water taken from a water intake at the upper part of a small dam body is sent to a generator using a head to generate electricity. Unlike the construction of large-scale dams, this small hydroelectric power generation facility can be used for power generation without changing the sabo facilities or weirs, etc., so that it does not cause large-scale environmental destruction or migration of residents. . In addition, it is possible to generate electricity with a small amount of water and a drop, and recently, highly efficient generators have been developed and the economy has been improved. The generated power can be used for local public facilities and others. Against this background, small-scale hydroelectric power generation facilities using small-scale dams have begun to spread.
[0004]
However, the above-described small-scale hydroelectric power generation facilities have the following problems.
[0005]
The small-scale hydroelectric power generation method takes water from the upstream part of the dam body, falls to the downstream side, and generates electricity with the generator using the water fallen energy. At this time, the earth and sand that flowed from the upstream side accumulates around the water intake in the upstream part of the dam body, and the power generation water pipe sucks the earth and sand. Wear in the pipe of the water pipe, especially in the curved pipe portion, occurs. Or, sediment or the like accumulates around the water intake and closes the water intake, or the water passage through which the flowing water flows to the water intake is blocked, making water intake impossible. As a result, the power generation capacity of the facility is reduced or damaged, and the labor and cost of repairs are increased. This tendency was especially strong for sabo dams built to prevent sediment flow.
[0006]
The invention of this application has been made in view of such circumstances, and in a hydroelectric power generation facility using a sabo dam, the sand around the water intake pipe for power generation is continuously and efficiently discharged to generate power. It is an object of the present invention to provide technical means for preventing sediment from being deposited around the water intake pipe for water use, and preventing sediment from being mixed into the water flow conduit for power generation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of this application solves the above-mentioned problem. First , in a hydroelectric power generation facility using a dam or a weir, a power generation device having a siphon function between the upstream side and the downstream side of the dam dam body. a water pipe, both ends are opened back and forth, to constitute a pipe with an opening on the lower surface side of the straight pipe section as a set, the straight pipe section side opening of the pipe with the water level of the dam is positioned upstream of the higher, the Rutotomo to position the other end of the pipe on the downstream side of the dam, straight piping component equipped with a opening of the pipe, the opening for the generator Negative pressure generated as water flows by the siphon action , placed along the surface of the dam dam body, and located in the lower position near the water intake of the water pipe To maintain a lower position in the vicinity of the water intake for the power generation water pipe. And sucks sediment and deposits from the lower end of the water intake pipe, the surrounding sediment, and / or deposits from the open end of the pipe and / or the opening due to the negative pressure generated as water flows through the pipe with the opening. Hydroelectric power generation, characterized in that it removes sediment, deposits or accumulations in the lower part of and around the water intake pipe for power generation, and secures a water passage that guides running water to the water intake of the power generation water pipe A method for securing a water passage to the water intake pipe intake for power generation and removing sediment on the back of a dam or weir is provided.
[0008]
Secondly, a pipe with an opening on the upstream side provided with a protective enclosure so that the upper end of the pipe is the same as the surface of the water, and a pipe with an opening that protects the periphery of the power generation conduit The huge gravel that cannot be removed in the dam is not deposited on the upstream side of the dam or near the intake pipe for power generation,
Third, in the straight piping portion of the pipe disposed along the surface of the dam dam body, the opening disposed on the lower surface side is an opening continuous in the axial direction of the straight piping portion or a plurality of openings. And, fourthly, the straight pipe portion is disposed so as to be inclined downward toward a lower position in the vicinity of the water intake of the power generation water pipe. To do. And fifthly, in the first method, a pipe with an opening in which a water passage is secured to the water intake pipe for power generation of the hydroelectric power generation facility, or both open ends are arranged on both sides of the dam or the weir. When the water level at the back of the dam rises and exceeds the highest level of the pipe with the opening during flooding, this is set to a predetermined height that is higher than the normal water level and lower than the flood water level. When the siphon action that removes the sediment using the pipe is activated and the water level on the back of the dam falls below the highest level of the pipe with this opening at the end of the flood, the siphon breaks and automatically stops ( (3) A method for securing a water passage to a water intake pipe for power generation of a hydroelectric power generation facility and a method for removing sediment on the back of a dam or a weir is also provided.
[0009]
Further, according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in a hydroelectric power generation facility using a dam or a weir, a power generation water pipe having a siphon function between the upstream side and the downstream side of the dam dam body and both front and rear ends are opened. is, constructed as a pipe and set the opening portion is attached to the lower surface of the straight pipe min, a straight pipe component side opening of the pipe with with water level dam is is positioned higher upstream of the The other end side of the pipe is positioned downstream of the dam dam body, and the straight pipe portion with the opening portion of the pipe is located at a lower position near the intake port of the power generation water pipe. And along the surface of the dam dam body , sediments below and around the power generation water pipe due to the negative pressure generated when water flows through the pipe with the opening due to the siphon-on action , Whether deposits are open ends and / or openings in pipes Suction and removal of sediments, etc. around water intake pipes for power generation facilities of hydroelectric power generation equipment, characterized by removing sediment, deposits or accumulations in the lower part and surroundings of power generation water pipes, and dams and weirs A backside earth removal device is provided.
[0010]
Furthermore, in the invention of this application, seventhly, the opening portion of the pipe is constituted by a continuous opening or a plurality of openings, and eighthly, the straight pipe portion is in the vicinity of the intake port of the power generation water pipe. It is arranged so as to incline downward toward the lower position. Ninth, since the huge gravel that cannot be removed by the pipe with the opening is not accumulated on the upstream side of the dam or the like, the upstream opening A protective enclosure is provided around the pipe and / or the power generation water pipe, and in the tenth, the highest position of the pipe with the opening with both open ends arranged on both sides of the dam or weir is normally By setting the water level higher than the water level and lower than the water level during flooding, when the water level on the back of the dam rises during flooding and exceeds the highest level of the pipe with the opening, the soil using this pipe is removed. The siphon action to remove starts When the water level on the back of the dam drops and falls below the highest level of the pipe with this opening, the siphon is cut and the sediment around the intake pipe for power generation of the hydroelectric power generation facility that stops automatically is removed. It also provides a sediment removal device on the back of dams and weirs.
[0011]
In addition, although the hydroelectric power generation facility using the dam and the weir in the present invention described above is preferably applied to a hydroelectric power generation facility having a power generation capacity of about 100 kw or less, it is also used for a power generation capacity of 100 kw or more. Of course you can.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application has the features as described above, and an embodiment thereof will be described below.
[0013]
As described above, in the invention of this application, the opening of the pipe with the opening on the lower surface is maintained at the position below the intake port of the power generation conduit on the upstream side of the dam dam body. The place where the pipe with the opening is laid is considered to be sedimentation along the surface of the embankment in consideration of sediment accumulation, but it is actually easy to accumulate sediment and the water accumulated on the back of the dam. Select a place to lay according to the situation, such as laying in a place where it is easy to guide.
[0014]
Moreover, the front opening end which is the upstream open end of the pipe with the opening may be underwater at a position above the sediment deposition surface.
[0015]
The shape of the pipe with an opening used at this time may be any shape other than a circular shape and a square shape, and the opening shape is a continuous opening shape, and a circular shape, a square shape, an elliptic shape, etc. are intermittently continuous. It may be a thing.
[0016]
There is no limitation on the position where the opening is formed, but it is preferable that the opening is opened downward so that the opening faces the deposit to be discharged, and the opening ratio in the pipe cross section is not particularly limited. The aperture ratio can be constant or variable in slits or perforations formed in the axial direction.
[0017]
In addition, a protective enclosure around the pipe with the upstream opening and the water pipe is installed, and measures are taken to protect it, but this prevents the fallen wood and stones from entering the pipe with the opening or the water pipe. However, as a specific example of the protective enclosure, one through which water passes, for example, a grid-like and solid one is preferable, but is not limited thereto.
[0018]
The installation height of the inverted U-shaped pipe section of the pipe with opening and water pipe can be installed above or below the overflow height of the dam or dam.
[0019]
Further, the downstream open end may be positioned below the upstream water surface, but the position is not particularly specified.
[0020]
As the pipe material, metals such as steel pipes, lining steel pipes, cast iron pipes, and various polymer materials such as vinyl chloride and high-density polyethylene can be used.
[0021]
Hereinafter, the invention of this application will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
[0022]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[0023]
A downstream weir (9), a downstream bottom (10) and a dam dam body (6) are constructed on the ground (5). Water (7) is stored upstream of the dam dam body (6) at a water level (8), and the water level (12) is stored in the downstream weir (9) and the downstream bottom plate (10) between the dam dam body (6). And water (11) is stored. Usually, the upstream water level (8) is higher than the downstream water level (12).
It is installed over the dam dam body (6) at the part where the power generation water pipe (2) forms an inverted U shape, and the water intake (2a) of the power generation water pipe (2) is located upstream of the dam dam body (6). It is soaked in the water on the side, and the other drainage port (2b) is disposed open to the lower position on the downstream side. A vacuum pump (14) shown in FIG. 2 is provided to fill the power generation water pipe (2) with water and perform siphoning. Electricity can be generated by taking water (7) from a water intake (2a) of a power generation water pipe (2) immersed in water using a siphon action and feeding it to a downstream hydroelectric generator (13). It has become.
[0024]
The pipe (1) with the opening part which opened both front and rear ends is also installed across the dam dam body (6) or through the dam dam body (6) in the inverted U-shaped part. The pipe (1) with an opening has a front opening end (1a) and a rear opening end (1b) that are open at both front and rear ends, and is axially directed to the surface of the straight pipe portion following the front opening end (1a). An opening (1c) is formed in the. The opening (1c) is a plurality of perforated elliptical holes or circular openings as shown in FIG. 2 which is a plan view, but may be a continuous opening.
[0025]
Here, the pipe (1) with the opening part which opened both front and rear ends is disposed below the water intake port (2a) of the power generation water pipe (2). Desirably, the straight piping part (3) in which the opening part (1c) was formed in the surface in the axial direction is installed from the lower part of the water intake (2a) of the power generation water pipe (2) to near the surface.
[0026]
Similarly to the power generation water pipe (2), the pipe (1) with an opening fills the pipe (1) with an opening and drops water with a siphon. For this reason, a vacuum pump (14) can be used together. In this case, a separate vacuum pump can be installed. In addition, when the siphon is started to drop water by the siphon, the siphon can also be activated by pouring water into the pipe (1) with an opening by a pump having a valve attached to the pipe (1) with an opening. You can also.
[0027]
Even when sedimentation is generated below or around the intake port (2a), the accumulated sediment is sucked from the opening (1c) of the pipe (1) with an opening, and is discharged to the downstream side of the dam. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the sediment, sediment, deposits, and the like that have accumulated from being sucked from the water intake port (2a) of the power generation water pipe (2).
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a protective enclosure (4) such as a lattice or a net is provided around the opening of the pipe (1) with the opening. Since the surrounding area of 2) is also surrounded by the protective enclosure (4), avoiding the closure of the water intake pipe (2a) of the power generation water pipe (2) due to massive rock blocks or pieces of wood, etc. Can be promoted.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 1, the opening (1c) of the pipe (1) with the opening is disposed in the straight piping portion (3) located below the water intake (2a) of the water generating pipe (2). The straight pipe portion (3) is laid at a predetermined position along the surface of the dam dam body (6) from the position below the intake port as shown in FIG.
[0030]
The formation position of the opening (1c) is preferably the bottom surface of the straight pipe portion (3) in contact with the earth, sand, sediment, or deposit, but is not limited thereto.
[0031]
Further, the shape of the opening may be a continuous opening or a plurality of holes in which a circular shape, a square shape, an elliptical shape, etc. are continuously perforated. In the case of the illustrated embodiment, an elliptical shape is shown intermittently continuous.
[0032]
FIG. 3 is a view of the embodiment of the present invention as seen from the upstream side of the dam. In FIG. 3, the straight pipe portion (3) located below the water intake (2a) of the power generation water pipe (2). Is shown, and the opening form of the opening (1c) is intermittently continuous. Further, the straight pipe portion (3) can be arranged to be inclined with respect to the horizontal, or can be arranged to be inclined and staggered. As a result, it becomes easy to take in a pipe having a large particle diameter that is difficult to reach below the pipe, and it is possible to increase the particle diameter of the deposited sediment to be sucked.
[0033]
FIG. 4 is a view of the embodiment of the present invention viewed from the downstream side of the dam. In FIG. 4, the pipe (1) with an opening and the power generation water pipe (2) are crossed, and the hydroelectric generator (13) and the drain outlet installed in the subsequent power generation water pipe (2). (2b) and the rear opening end (1b) of the pipe (1) with the opening can be arranged at a distance.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention of this application is a hydroelectric power generation facility using a small-scale dam, particularly a sabo dam, and continuously and efficiently drains the sand around the power generation water pipe, and the earth and sand around the power generation water pipe. Therefore, it is possible to prevent sediment from entering the water pipe for power generation, and the power generation capacity of the equipment is not reduced or damaged due to wear of the impeller of the water turbine generator or the pipe of the power generation water pipe. As a result, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of repairs that have occurred in the past, as well as blockage of the intake due to sedimentation of earth and sand around the intake and blockage of the water flow path where the flowing water flows to the intake. This can prevent the water from becoming impossible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric power generation facility showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of FIG.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention partially viewed from the dam upstream side in the vertical direction or from the downstream side in the vertical direction, and (a) is a view seen from the line AA in FIG. (B) is the figure seen from arrow BB of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pipe with opening part 1a Front opening end 1b Rear opening end 1c Opening part 2 Power generation water pipe 2a Intake port 2b Drain port 3 Straight piping part 4 Protective enclosure 5 Ground 6 Dam dam body 7 Water 8 Water level 9 Downstream Weir 10 Downstream bottom 11 Water 12 Water level 13 Hydroelectric generator 14 Vacuum pump

Claims (10)

In hydroelectric power generation facilities using dams and weirs, a power generation water pipe with a siphon function is opened between the upstream side and the downstream side of the dam body , and both front and rear ends are open to the lower surface side of the straight piping part. A pipe with a section is configured as a set, and the straight pipe section side with the opening of the pipe is positioned upstream of the higher water level of the dam dam body, and the other end side of the pipe is the dam dam body of Rutotomoni is located downstream, straight pipe section marked with the opening of the pipe, its opening is arranged such that the lower position of the water intake near the power generation through the water pipe and dam It is arranged along the surface of the pipe, and the negative pressure generated when water flows through the pipe with the opening due to the siphon action causes the lower part of the water intake pipe for power generation and the surrounding sediment and sediment to be removed from the pipe. Suction from the open end and / or opening Therefore, for the power generation of hydroelectric power generation, it is necessary to remove the sediment, deposits or accumulations in the lower part of the intake pipe of the power generation water pipe and the surroundings, and to secure a water passage that guides the flowing water to the water intake of the power generation water pipe. Securing a water passage to the water pipe intake and removing sediment from the back of a dam or weir. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a protective enclosure is provided so that the upper end of the pipe is the same as the surface of the water to protect the periphery of the pipe with the opening on the upstream side and the power transmission pipe, and the pipe with the opening. Securing a water passage to the water intake pipe for power generation of hydroelectric power generation equipment and removing sediment from the back of the dam or weir, characterized by not depositing huge gravels that cannot be removed on the upstream side of the dam or near the water intake of the power generation water pipe Method. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the straight pipe portion of the pipe arranged along the surface of the dam dam body, the opening portion arranged on the lower surface side thereof is an opening or a plurality of openings continuous in the axial direction of the straight pipe portion. A method for securing a water passage to a water intake pipe for power generation of a hydroelectric power generation facility and removing earth and sand on the back of a dam weir, characterized by comprising an opening . The method according to claim 1, wherein the straight pipe portion is disposed so as to be inclined downward toward the lower position in the vicinity of the water intake for the power generation water pipe. Securing the water channel and removing sediment from the back of the dam weir. In the method of claim 1, by setting the highest level of the pipe with openings having both open ends arranged on both sides of the dam or dam to a predetermined height that is higher than the normal water level and lower than the flood water level, When the water level on the back of the dam rises during the flood and exceeds the highest level of the pipe with the opening, the siphon action that removes the sediment using this pipe is activated, and the water level on the back of the dam drops when the flood ends. When it falls below the highest level of the pipe with this opening, the siphon is cut and automatically shuts off. Sediment removal method. In hydroelectric power generation facilities using dams and weirs, a power generation water pipe with a siphon function is opened between the upstream side and the downstream side of the dam body, and both front and rear ends are open, and the lower side of the straight piping part A pipe with an opening is configured as a set, and the straight piping part with the opening of the pipe is positioned upstream of the higher water level of the dam body, and the other end of the pipe is placed at the dam. The straight pipe portion with the opening of the pipe is located on the downstream side of the dam body, and the opening is located at a lower position near the water intake of the power generation water pipe. It is arranged along the surface of the body, and the negative pressure generated as water flows through the pipe with the opening due to the siphon action causes the lower part of the water intake pipe for power generation and the surrounding sediment and sediment to be piped. From the open end and / or opening Allowed, whereby a precipitate of the bottom and around the power generation through the water pipe, sediment or integrated product precipitates near power generation through water pipe intake of hydroelectric power plant, characterized in that the removal of such removal and dams and weirs back Soil removal equipment. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein in the straight pipe portion of the pipe arranged along the surface of the dam dam body, the opening portion arranged on the lower surface side thereof is an opening continuous with the axial direction of the straight pipe portion or a plurality of openings. The water intake for power generation of the hydroelectric power generation equipment is characterized by comprising an opening in the vicinity of the dam and the back of the dam. Apparatus according to claim 6, straight pipe portion power generation through water pipe water intake hydroelectric facilities, characterized by being arranged such that downward inclination towards the lower position of the water intake near neighbor of the power generation through the water pipe Equipment for removing sediment around the mouth and removing sediment from the back of dams and weirs.   7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a large gravel that cannot be removed by a pipe with an opening is not deposited near the upstream side of a dam or the intake of a water pipe for power generation, and / or a pipe with an opening on the upstream side and / or Removal of sediment around the water intake pipe for power generation of hydroelectric power facilities, and the rear of the dam or weir are characterized by providing a protective enclosure around the water supply pipe so that its upper end is the same as the water surface. Sediment removal device. In the apparatus of claim 6, by setting the highest level of the pipe with the openings having both open ends arranged on both sides of the dam or dam to a predetermined height higher than the normal water level and lower than the flood water level, When the water level on the back of the dam rises during the flood and exceeds the highest level of the pipe with the opening, the siphon action that removes the sediment using this pipe is activated, and the water level on the back of the dam drops when the flood ends. When it falls below the highest level of the pipe with this opening, the siphon is cut and automatically stops, removing sediments around the water intake pipe intake for hydroelectric power generation, and the back of a dam or weir Soil removal equipment.

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