JP5208056B2 - Equipment for transporting and discharging sediments in liquids - Google Patents

Description

  The invention of this application includes a tank, a sand basin, a water tank, a pond, a sedimentation basin, a reservoir, a dam lake, a lake, a sea, a water tunnel, a water channel, etc. The present invention relates to a device that sucks, flows, and discharges deposits and accumulations.

  In facilities where fluids are stored and transported, it is necessary to discharge and remove sediments and deposits in terms of operation efficiency and operation. Particularly in recent years, dam sedimentation has become a serious problem, and its efficient treatment is necessary to maintain the usage capacity of dams, reservoirs and reservoirs, and to extend the service life.

  In response to such social demands, the present inventor embeds an open pipe in an underwater sediment, sediment, or accumulation as an innovative technology that has not been known so far. Alternatively, by positioning the upstream opening in the water, the sediment around the opening due to the negative pressure generated in the pipe as water entering from the opening in the upstream end or the upstream water flows in the pipe, There has already been proposed a method of sucking deposits or accumulations into a pipe and sending them out to an outlet, and equipment therefor (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  As a result, the sediment and deposits of the storage facilities such as dams can be efficiently discharged over a wide area without the need for new energy and the generation of muddy flow in the reservoir. Conventionally, the large-scale construction and facilities required for laying and repairing are not required, and it can be easily discharged at any time, enabling efficient discharge at a low cost.

  As for the method and equipment already proposed, for example, as schematically illustrated in FIG. 1, below the water surface 1, the upstream open terminal 5 protrudes above the upper sedimentary sediment 6 in the liquid, and the lower opening It can be considered as a sand discharging facility having a pipe water channel 2 having a section 4 and a downstream discharge pipe 3. In this facility, the sediment 6 is sucked together with the liquid from the lower opening 4 of the pipe water channel 2 and flows down to the downstream discharge pipe 3. At this time, the sediment 6 on the upper part of the pipe channel 9 is sucked and discharged at the suction point 9 of the pipe channel 2 while causing slope collapse in a mortar shape as indicated by arrows in the figure. The suction point 9 indicates that the sediment discharge from the upstream to the downstream is in progress, and the suction point 9 progresses naturally from the upstream side to the downstream side of the pipe channel 2 and the mortar-shaped slope is also upstream. Proceed downstream from

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-294677 JP 2005-16294 A

  Although the above-mentioned method and equipment can be said to be epoch-making, according to the subsequent study by the present inventor, there has been found a problem for more reliably and stably transporting and discharging earth and sand.

  That is, when an excessive suction pressure is generated in the pipe channel 2, not only the upper sediment 7 is discharged due to the advance of the suction point 9 upstream of the pipe channel 2, but a suction point 10 is also generated in the downstream part of the pipe channel 2. The upper sedimentation sediment 8 may be sucked. At this time, if sediment suction at the suction point 10 downstream of the pipe channel 2 grows greatly, it often occurs that the upper sedimentary sediment 6A in the midstream portion of the pipe channel is left behind. This phenomenon is called a shortcut. However, even if this shortcut occurs, a considerable amount of the upper sediment sediment 6 on the upstream side of the pipe channel is discharged, which is not a preferable phenomenon, but is not fatal to the function of the pipe channel 2. However, it is necessary to prevent this shortcut phenomenon for more ideal sediment discharge.

  The occurrence of this shortcut phenomenon is considered as follows.

  During normal suction and discharge, the pressure difference between the outside and inside of the pipe channel 2 becomes the suction pressure of the sediment flow at the opening 4 below the pipe channel 2. This pressure difference is only the suction loss of liquid mixed with earth and sand into the pipe channel 2 at the suction point 9 upstream of the pipe channel 2. This is combined with the flow loss (friction loss between the earth and sand liquid and the inner surface of the pipe water channel 2) from the suction point 9 position where the suction is performed to the opening 4 downstream of the pipe water channel 2. At the time of suction and discharge, a large amount of earth and sand that has fallen on the mortar-like slope near the suction point 9 upstream of the pipe channel 2 often blocks a portion of the downstream opening 4 near the suction point 9 but not completely. At this time, since the sediment flow in the pipe channel 2 tends to flow downstream due to the inertia of the flow, the area near the upstream suction point 9 is partially covered because of a very short time. 2 The internal pressure is greatly reduced. That is, the suction loss due to the lid effect is increased and the pressure in the downstream pipe water channel 2 is greatly reduced. This pressure drop becomes the suction pressure at the lower opening 4 in the downstream portion of the pipe channel 2, and a suction point 10 is newly generated there to start the soil suction. As a precaution, the collapsed sediment near the upstream suction point 9 is suctioned and flown in a short time, so this pressure drop state is resolved in a very short time. However, when this phenomenon occurs repeatedly, As the suction point 10 develops, a mortar-shaped landslide pit is developed as the upper sedimentation sediment 8 is discharged, thereby generating a shortcut.

  In view of the above, the present invention is an improved technique capable of effectively suppressing or preventing the occurrence of shortcuts and more efficiently and stably distributing and discharging underwater sediments from the background as described above. The problem is to provide means.

  The present invention is characterized by the following as means for solving the above problems.

The first upstream open terminal has a pipe water channel that protrudes into the upper liquid from the deposit in the liquid and has an opening on the lower side, and a discharge pipe downstream of the water pipe, and the upstream open terminal Or a drainage system for draining the sediment by the negative pressure in the pipe channel generated as the liquid entering from the opening flows in the pipeline , relieve the pressure drop in the downstream portion, relieving device of pressure drop to prevent the generation of shortcuts, that provided upstream of the most downstream opening of the tube waterways.

  Second: A pressure drop relaxation adjusting tank is used as a pressure drop relaxation device.

  Third: A pressure drop mitigation water supply pipe is used as a pressure drop mitigation device.

  In the invention of this application, the possibility of occurrence of a shortcut in the discharge conduit is reduced, and the suction point is smoothly advanced from upstream to downstream along a conduit having an opening on the lower side. Sand removal is possible.

It is the schematic which illustrated about the subject of the basic composition of the inflow delivery apparatus of this invention, and the shortcut generation of the thing so far. It is the schematic which showed the example of the relaxation adjustment tank 11 of the pressure fall as embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which showed the example of the relief water supply pipe 14 of a pressure fall as another embodiment.

  The present invention is characterized by providing a pressure reduction mitigation device that mitigates the pressure drop in the pipe channel as described above and prevents the occurrence of shortcuts. 1 so as not to generate the suction point 10 due to excessive pressure drop in the downstream direction of the suction point 9 in FIG. And so on.

  Various types of relaxation devices may be used. In the present invention, the following embodiments can be exemplified.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the pressure drop mitigation adjustment tank 11 provided in the flow discharge facility of FIG.

  In this equipment, when an excessive pressure drop occurs in the pipe channel 2 due to the above-mentioned slope collapse sand cover effect, the liquid in the tank 11 is automatically piped in response to the pressure drop of the liquid in the pipe channel 2. By supplying the water channel 2, excessive pressure drop in the pipe water channel 2 is alleviated.

  The pressure drop mitigation adjustment tank 11 is pressurized and held in a state where the inside of the tank is separated into the air 12 and the liquid 13 in the vertical direction by the difference in density. When the pressure in the pipe channel 2 is lowered, the liquid 13 is supplied into the pipe channel 2 by the amount corresponding to the higher pressure in the tank 11, and the pressure drop in the pipe channel 2 is alleviated. Initially, when this pressure drop mitigation adjustment tank 11 is set in the air, the air 12 is pressurized to the same pressure as in the pipe channel 2 as the water level rises and the volume is reduced. The liquid 13 enters the tank 11. When the pressure in the pipe channel 2 is lowered due to the above-described slope fallen earth and sand cover effect, the liquid 13 in the tank 11 flows out into the pipe channel 2 to alleviate the pressure drop in the pipe channel 2 and prevent an excessive pressure drop. . The excessive pressure drop in the pipe channel 2 is eliminated in a very short time, but at this time, the air 12 in the tank 11 contracts in response to the pressure increase in the pipe channel 2, The liquid automatically flows back to the tank 11 and returns to the state before the excessive pressure drop.

  The same function as the pressure drop mitigation adjustment tank 11 can be realized by installing a pressure drop mitigation water supply pipe 14 whose outline is illustrated in FIG.

  In this facility, when an excessive pressure drop occurs in the pipe channel 2 due to the above-mentioned slope fallen earth and sand cover effect, the liquid is supplied through the reduced pressure reduction water supply pipe 14 in response to the pressure drop of the liquid in the pipe channel 2. Is automatically supplied to the pipe channel 2 to reduce the pressure drop of the liquid in the pipe channel 2. The pressure reduction mitigation water supply pipe 14 has, for example, an air vent pipe 18 in the middle and is connected to the pressure adjustment tank 15. The pressure adjustment tank 15 has a water inlet 17 via a pressure adjustment ball 16 at the lower part. This device is installed when the pipe channel 2 is laid. When the water level rises, air is removed from the apparatus through the air vent pipe 18 and thereafter the air vent pipe 18 is closed. At the time of sand removal, if the pressure in the pipe channel 2 is reduced due to the lid effect of the above-mentioned slope fallen earth and sand, the pressure in the pipe channel 2 is excessively reduced. At this time, the pressure in the reduced pressure reducing water supply pipe 14 and the pressure adjusting tank 15 also decreases. When the pressure in the pressure adjusting tank 15 decreases, the liquid is supplied from the water inlet 17 and is supplied to the pipe channel 2 through the pressure-reducing mitigation water supply pipe 14 to alleviate the pressure drop. By adjusting the weight of the pressure adjusting ball 16, the pressure in the pipe channel 2 is closed when the pressure in the pipe channel 2 is a certain value or less, and is opened when the pressure is excessively reduced. Although the pressure adjusting ball 16 is illustrated in the description, various means such as a flap gate, a check valve, and a check valve can be used for opening and closing depending on the pressure state.

  The pressure adjustment ball is opened when the pressure drops below the normal operation pressure of these normal sand removal devices. Basically, the normal operation pressure is reduced from the hydrostatic pressure of this device to the mixture of sand and sand. This is a pressure obtained by reducing the loss of flow of liquid and the flow loss to the water supply pipe 14 to reduce the pressure drop in the pipe channel.

The invention of this application has the characteristics as described above, but as a guideline for the procedure of the sediment discharge method by the pipe channel with an opening, for example, the following relating to the equipment shown in FIGS. This is exemplified by the procedures and methods (1) to (4).
(1) Before or after the deposition of the upper sedimentation sediment 6 such as sediments, sediments, accumulations, etc., after the dredging, the pipe channel 2 having an opening on the lower side is connected to a dam, pond, lake, river, pool Lay the bottom of the sea.
(2) At this time, the pressure reduction relaxation adjustment tank 11 or the pressure reduction relaxation water supply pipe 14 is installed at the same time.
(3) In the case of the pressure drop relaxation adjustment tank 11, as the liquid level rises, the pressure drop relaxation adjustment tank 11 becomes the same pressure as the inside of the pipe channel 2 having an opening on the lower side, and the air 12 portion Is compressed, and the liquid enters the relaxation adjusting tank 11 for pressure drop.

In the case of the pressure drop mitigating water supply pipe 14, as the liquid level rises, the pressure adjustment tank 15 is in the same pressure state as the inside of the pipe channel 2 having an opening on the lower side, but at this time the pressure drops from the air vent pipe 18. It is necessary to let the air in the relaxed water supply pipe 14 escape. Thereafter, the valve of the air vent pipe 18 is closed so that the pressure drop mitigating water supply pipe 14 and the air vent pipe 18 are filled with the liquid.
(4) The deposit is discharged by opening the valve of the discharge pipe 3.

  In the above example, the water crabs inside and outside the pond are used for discharging, but commonly used pumps, sand pumps, induction pumps, etc. are also used to obtain the energy to be discharged.

  A water injection pipe with a valve can be provided in the discharge pipe to adjust the flow rate of the discharge pipe, to prevent blockage, and to take measures against blockage.

  Note that the present invention can be applied to any liquid as long as the liquid is not limited to water but muddy water.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquid water surface 2 Pipe channel with opening in lower side 3 Drainage channel or open channel 4 Lower side opening 5 Upper open terminal 6 Upper sediment sediment 7 Upper sediment sediment discharged by suction point 9 8 Discharge by shortcut Upper sedimentation sediment 9 Suction point (Sediment discharge progressing from upstream to downstream)
10 Downstream suction point (at the time of a shortcut) = Mortar-shaped landslide depression 11 Pressure reduction relaxation adjustment tank 12 Air in pressure reduction relaxation adjustment tank 11 13 Liquid in pressure reduction relaxation adjustment tank 11 14 Pressure drop Relaxed water supply pipe 15 Pressure adjustment tank 16 Pressure adjustment ball 17 Water inlet 18 Air vent pipe

Claims (3)

The upstream open terminal protrudes into the liquid above the deposit in the liquid, and has a pipe channel having an opening on the lower side, and a discharge pipeline downstream of the pipe channel,
A flow drainage facility in which deposits are sucked by a negative pressure in the pipe channel that is generated as the liquid that has entered from the upstream open terminal or the opening flows in the pipeline, and is discharged from the discharge channel,
Relieve the pressure drop in the downstream portion of the tube waterways, relieving device of pressure drop to prevent the generation of shortcuts, streaming and feeding drainage, characterized in that provided upstream of the most downstream opening of the tube waterways.   2. The facility according to claim 1, wherein the pressure drop mitigation adjusting tank is a mitigation device.   The facility according to claim 1, wherein the pressure drop mitigation water supply pipe is a mitigation device.

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