JP4034951B2 - Electromagnetic clutch - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electromagnetic clutch that transmits power from a driving member to a driven member by causing the driven member to face each other and joining the driven member by an action of an excitation coil provided in a yoke.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As electromagnetic clutches for working machines, for example, (1) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-9332 “Electromagnetic Clutch” and (2) Japanese Patent No. 2700629 “Electromagnetic Coupling Device” are known.
According to FIG. 1 of the publication, the above-mentioned (1) is that a rotor 10 is attached to a rotating shaft 8 (the sign is the same as that used in the publication), and a V pulley 12 is rotatably provided coaxially with the rotor 10. In the electromagnetic clutch 1 in which the armature 16 is attached to the V pulley 12 and the exciting coil 4 for separating and connecting the armature 16 to and from the rotor 10 is provided in the field core 5, the rotation stopper plate 17 is attached to the field core 5. The plate 17 is fixed to the device fixing portion 18 with bolts.
According to FIG. 1 of the same publication, the above-mentioned {circle over (2)} is that a rotation prevention groove 27 is formed in the yoke 21 of the electromagnetic spring clutch 15 (electromagnetic clutch) and the rotation prevention groove 27 protrudes from the device side to the rotation prevention groove 27. 28 is engaged.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the electromagnetic clutch (1), the rotation stop plate 17 is attached to the field core 5 and the rotation stop plate 17 is fixed to the device fixing portion 18 with bolts. It is transmitted directly to the aircraft and may cause vibration of the equipment.
Further, in the electromagnetic coupling device of the above (2), the rotation stop groove 27 is formed in the yoke 21 of the electromagnetic spring clutch 15, and the rotation stop pin 28 projected from the device side is engaged with the rotation stop groove 27. Therefore, when the electromagnetic spring clutch 15 is turned on and off, the device-side detent pin 28 dances in the detent groove 27 of the yoke 21 and the device noise may be generated.
[0004]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic clutch capable of reducing vibration and noise of a work machine.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first aspect of the present invention transmits the power from the drive member to the driven member by making the driven member face each other and joining the driven member by the action of the excitation coil provided on the yoke. In this electromagnetic clutch, the non-rotating pin extends from the yoke, an elastic member is fitted to the outer periphery of the non-rotating pin, and the elastic member is connected to the fixing member via the elastic member. It is characterized by comprising an inner peripheral part on the side of the rotation stop pin, an intermediate part that has increased elasticity by lowering the hardness than the inner peripheral part, and an outer peripheral part that has increased hardness than the intermediate part. .
[0006]
The electromagnetic clutch is configured to transmit power from the drive member to the driven member by causing the driven member to face the drive member and joining the driven member by the action of the excitation coil provided in the yoke. When the coil is turned on, the drive member rotates the yoke, and when the excitation coil is turned off, the yoke receives a reaction caused by the separation (hereinafter referred to as “the yoke rotation phenomenon”).
Therefore, a non-rotating pin is extended from the yoke, an elastic member is attached to the non-rotating pin, and it is connected to a fixed member via this elastic member. To alleviate the phenomenon. As a result, the electromagnetic clutch can be quieted.
Furthermore, the elastic member is composed of a high inner peripheral portion on the side of the rotation stop pin, an intermediate portion that has increased elasticity by lowering hardness than the inner peripheral portion, and an outer peripheral portion that has increased hardness compared to the intermediate portion. By doing so, the durability of the elastic member can be improved.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a bracket is provided on the fixing member, and the entire circumference of the elastic member is supported by the bracket.
By providing a bracket on the fixed member and supporting the entire circumference of the elastic member with this bracket, not only the above-mentioned “swinging phenomenon of the yoke” is alleviated but also the vibration in all directions of the electromagnetic clutch is prevented.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. “Front”, “Rear”, “Left”, “Right”, “Up”, “Down” follow the direction seen from the operator, Fr is front, Rr is rear, L is left, R is right Indicates. The drawings are to be viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.
[0010]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a snow remover equipped with an electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. The snow remover 10 includes a snow removal working unit 13 and a snow removal working unit 13 on a traveling frame 12 having left and right crawler belts 11L and 11R. A vehicle body frame 15 having an engine 14 for driving the vehicle is attached so as to be able to swing up and down, and a front part of the vehicle body frame 15 is swung up and down by a frame lifting mechanism 16. The handles 17L and 17R are extended.
[0011]
An operator can operate the snow remover 10 with the handles 17L and 17R while walking with the snow remover 10. In this example, the operation box 41, the control unit 28, and the batteries 29 and 29 (the back side 29 is not shown) are arranged in this order from the top between the left and right handles 17L and 17R.
[0012]
The snow remover 10 transmits power from the crankshaft 35 that is an output shaft of the engine 14 to the snow removal working unit 13 via the shaft-side pulley 36 and the transmission belts 37, 37. In this working machine, an electromagnetic clutch 50 is arranged at the tip of 35 and a shaft-side pulley 36 is arranged in the middle of the crankshaft 35.
[0013]
The snow removal working unit 13 includes an auger 31, a blower 32, and a shooter 33 that are attached to the front portion of the vehicle body frame 15, and is configured to rotate the auger 31 and the blower 32 around a rotation shaft 39.
Therefore, the power from the crankshaft 35 is transmitted to the shaft side pulley 36 via the electromagnetic clutch 50, and the rotation of the shaft side pulley 36 is transmitted to the auger side pulley 38 via the transmission belts 37, 37. By transmitting the rotation of 38 to the auger 31 and the blower 32 via the rotation shaft 39, the snow collected by the auger 31 can be blown far away via the shooter 33 by the blower 32.
[0014]
In the figure, 26a is an auger case, 26b is a blower case, 26c is a scraper, 26d is a generator for charging, 26e is a lamp, 26f is a cover, and 26g is a belt urging member. The traveling frame 12 and the vehicle body frame 15 constitute an airframe 19.
[0015]
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a snowplow equipped with an electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. The drive sources of the left and right crawler belts 11L, 11R are the left and right electric motors 21L, 21R, and the rear parts of the left and right crawler belts 11L, 11R are shown. Drive wheels 23L and 23R as left and right traveling wheels are disposed, and rolling wheels 24L and 24R as left and right traveling wheels are disposed in front of left and right crawler belts 11L and 11R.
Therefore, the rotation of the electric motors 21L and 21R can be transmitted to the left and right drive wheels 23L and 23R, respectively, and the left and right crawler belts 11L and 11R can be driven to run on their own.
[0016]
Further, the generator pulley 27a is attached to the crankshaft 35 protruding from the engine 14, and the V-belt 27c is applied to the generator-side pulley 27b attached to the charging generator 26d from the generator pulley 27a. The rotation of 35 can be transmitted to the charging generator 26d via the V-belt 27c.
[0017]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the operation unit 40 as viewed from the direction of arrow 3 in FIG.
The operation unit 40 includes an operation box 41 provided between the left and right handles 17L, 17R, a brake operation lever 43 provided on the left handle 17L, a left turning operation lever 44L attached to the left handle 17L, And a right turning operation lever 44R attached to the handle 17R.
[0018]
The operation box 41 includes an operation case 45 handed over to the handles 17L and 17R,
An operation panel 46 is placed on the operation case 45.
The operation case 45 includes a clutch button 45A for switching the electromagnetic clutch 50 on and off, a start switch 45B for starting the engine 14 (see FIG. 1),
A choke knob 45C used when starting the engine 14 and a lighting button 45D for lighting the lamp 26e (see FIG. 1) are provided.
The operation panel 46 includes an elevating operation lever 46A for operating the frame elevating mechanism 16 (see FIG. 1), a shooter operating lever 46B for changing the direction of the shooter 33, a throttle lever 46C for controlling the rotational speed of the engine 14, and the fuselage 19. And an operating lever 76 that operates forward / reverse by operating the traveling speed (see FIG. 1) and rotating the electric motors 21L, 21R forward and backward.
[0019]
The brake operation lever 43 is an operation lever for switching on and off an electromagnetic brake (not shown) for braking the electric motors 21L and 21R.
The left and right turning operation levers 44L and 44R are levers for turning the aircraft to the left or right by changing the rotation speed of one of the two electric motors 21L and 21R (see FIG. 1). It is.
[0020]
FIG. 4 is a plan view of an operation panel of a snowplow equipped with an electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. The operation panel 46 includes a panel main body 47a, a cover 47b covering the brake operation lever 43, and a lifting operation lever 46A. An oval through-hole 47c that penetrates, an oval-shaped through-hole 47d that penetrates the shooter operating lever 46B, a long hole 47f that penetrates the throttle lever 46C, a guide hole 48 that guides and penetrates the operating lever 76, Stop holes 47g and 47g for stopping the operation panel 46 are provided in the operation case 45.
[0021]
The guide hole 48 is a hole formed in a crank shape so that the operation lever 76 can be guided in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. A1 is a forward travel range in which the machine body 19 (see FIG. 1) only travels forward, A2. Is a work travel range in which the airframe 19 is moved forward or backward during snow removal work, and A3 is a reverse travel range in which the airframe 19 only travels backward. The operation lever 76 is set in these ranges to perform forward, reverse or snow removal work. Do.
[0022]
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of the electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. The electromagnetic clutch 50 includes a rotor 52 attached to a crankshaft 35 as a drive member, and the rotor 52 rotates coaxially and through bearings 53 and 53. A shaft-side pulley 36 (hereinafter abbreviated as “pulley 36”) as a freely attached follower, an armature 55 that is attached to the pulley 36 so as to be separated from and contacted with the rotor 52, the pulley 36, and the crankshaft A yoke 57 attached to the pulley 36 and the crankshaft 35 via a bearing 56 so as to allow the rotation of the shaft 35, and an excitation coil 58 that drives the armature 55 by being attached to the yoke 57. A cover 59 which covers the rotor 52 by being attached to the yoke 57, and a yoke. Consisting bracket 62 which supports via a click 57 to the vehicle body frame 15 as a fixed member an elastic member 61.
[0023]
In the drawing, 64a is a bolt for fixing the rotor 52 and the yoke 57 to the crankshaft 35, 64b is a stop plate for supporting the rotor 52 and the yoke 57 on the crankshaft 53, and 64c is a bolt for fixing the cover 59 to the yoke 57. 64d are nuts fitted to the bolts 64c, and 64e is a compression spring for adjusting the positional relationship of the cover 59 with respect to the yoke 57.
[0024]
The yoke 57 has a bolt 63 as a detent pin protruding outward, a stepped collar 63b is fitted into the bolt 63, the elastic member 61 is fitted into the stepped collar 63b, and a nut is mounted on the bolt 63. The elastic member 61 by fitting 63a, the stepped collar 63b, and the bolt 63 are attached together.
[0025]
The bracket 62 includes a pair of walls 62a and 62a (one 62a is not shown) that supports the left and right sides of the elastic member 61, and a flange 62b that is fixed to the vehicle body frame 15 by spreading from the walls 62a and 62a to the left and right. , 62b (one 62b is not shown), and the flange 62b is fixed to the vehicle body frame 15 with a set screw 65. Reference numeral 65a denotes a nut that fits into the set screw.
[0026]
FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view of the electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. The electromagnetic clutch 50 has a driven member (pulley 36) opposed to the driving member (crankshaft 35), and an action of an exciting coil 58 provided in the yoke 57. In the electromagnetic clutch that transmits power from the driving member (crankshaft 35) to the driven member (pulley 36) by joining the driven member to the driven member, a non-rotating pin (bolt 63) is extended from the yoke 57, and this rotation It can be said that the elastic member 61 is attached to the retaining pin and is connected to the fixing member (the vehicle body frame 15) via the elastic member 61.
[0027]
The electromagnetic clutch 50 is configured so that the driven member (pulley 36) faces the drive member (crankshaft 35), and the drive member (crankshaft 36) is joined by the action of the excitation coil 58 provided in the yoke 57. 35) transmits power from the driven member (pulley 36) to the driven member (pulley 36). When the exciting coil 58 is turned on, the yoke 57 is rotated by the driving member, and when the exciting coil 58 is turned off, the yoke 57 is subjected to reaction caused by separation. .
[0028]
Therefore, a non-rotating pin (bolt 63) is extended from the yoke 57, an elastic member 61 is attached to the non-rotating pin, and the elastic coil 61 is connected to the fixing member (vehicle body frame 15) via the elastic member 61, thereby exciting coil 58. The "yoke revolving phenomenon" that occurs by turning on and off the slab is reduced. As a result, the electromagnetic clutch 50 can be quieted.
[0029]
Also, the electromagnetic clutch 50 is provided with a bracket 62 on the fixing member (body frame 15), and the bracket 62 is provided with only a pair of walls 62a and 62a for preventing the movement of the detent pin (bolt 63). I can say that.
That is, the bracket 62 is provided on the fixing member (the vehicle body frame 15), and the bracket 62 is provided with only one pair of walls 62a and 62a for preventing the movement of the anti-rotation pin (bolt 63). The mounting accuracy in the vertical direction between the bracket 62 and the bracket 62 is not required. Therefore, the mounting property of the electromagnetic clutch 50 can be improved.
[0030]
FIGS. 7A to 7E are operation explanatory views of the electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention.
In (a), the engine 14 is started and the crankshaft 35 is rotated as shown by the arrow (1).
In (b), the exciting coils 58... Are energized, and the armature 55 is attracted to the rotor 52 as indicated by arrows (2) and (2), whereby the pulley 36 is integrated with the rotor 52 as indicated by arrow (3). To start rotating. That is, the electromagnetic clutch 50 is turned on.
[0031]
(C) shows a plan view of (b). In (c), when the yoke 57 in a stationary state is energized to the exciting coils 58..., The yoke 57 is moved in the same direction as the pulley 36 and the rotor 52. A turning phenomenon occurs. As a result, the yoke 57 is swung in the direction of arrow (4).
Therefore, the bolt 63 is pressed by the wall 62a of the bracket 62 via the elastic member 61, thereby preventing the accompanying phenomenon.
[0032]
In (d), the energization of the exciting coils 58. The armature 55 is separated from the rotor 52 as indicated by arrows (5) and (5). That is, the electromagnetic clutch 50 returns to the OFF state.
(C) shows a plan view of (b). In (e), the yoke 57 receives a reaction in the direction of arrow (6) by separating the pulley 36 from the rotor 52.
Therefore, the bolt 63 is pressed by the wall 62a of the bracket 62 via the elastic member 61, thereby suppressing the reaction. As a result, the electromagnetic clutch 50 can be quieted.
[0033]
FIG. 8 is a side view of the electromagnetic clutch according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those used for the electromagnetic clutch 50 (see FIG. 5) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
In the figure, 35 is a crankshaft, 36 is a pulley, 52 is a rotor, 53 is a bearing, 55 is an armature, 56 is a bearing, 57 is a yoke, 58 is an exciting coil, 59 is a cover, and 65 is a set screw. A bolt 51 protrudes from the yoke 57, an elastic member 66 is fitted to the bolt 68, and the elastic member 66 is fixed to the vehicle body frame 15 by a bracket 67.
[0034]
The elastic member 66 includes an inner peripheral portion 66a having high hardness, an intermediate portion 66b having increased elasticity by lowering hardness than the inner peripheral portion 66a, and an outer peripheral portion 66c having increased hardness than the intermediate portion 66b. In this configuration, the durability of the elastic member 66 is improved by setting the hardness of the contact portions (the inner peripheral portion 66a and the outer peripheral portion 66c) of the bolt 68 and the bracket 67 high.
The bracket 67 is formed by forming a cylindrical holder portion 67b in the main body portion 67a and pressing the entire circumference of the elastic member 66 by this holder portion.
[0035]
That is, in the electromagnetic clutch 51, the bracket 67 is provided on the fixed member (the vehicle body frame 15), and the entire circumference of the elastic member 66 is supported by the bracket 67. It is possible to prevent vibration in all directions of 51.
[0036]
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a bracket 62 is provided on the vehicle body frame 15, and only a pair of walls 62 a and 62 a for preventing the movement of the bolt 63 (or the elastic member 61) is provided on the bracket 62. Although the “accompanying phenomenon of the yoke” is suppressed, the directions of the walls 62a and 62a are arbitrary and may be in the radial direction of the crankshaft 35.
[0037]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a non-rotating pin is extended from the yoke, an elastic member is attached to the non-rotating pin, and the fixed member is connected via the elastic member. It is possible to alleviate the “accompanying phenomenon”. As a result, the electromagnetic clutch can be quieted.
Further, the elastic member is composed of an inner peripheral part on the side of the rotation stop pin , an intermediate part that has increased elasticity by lowering the hardness than the inner peripheral part, and an outer peripheral part that has increased hardness compared to the intermediate part. Therefore, the durability of the elastic member can be improved.
[0039]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the bracket is provided on the fixing member and the entire circumference of the elastic member is supported by the bracket, not only the above-mentioned “yoke revolving phenomenon” is alleviated but also the vibration is prevented in all directions of the electromagnetic clutch. Can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a snow remover equipped with an electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a snow remover equipped with an electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view of the electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a side view of an electromagnetic clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Fixed member (vehicle body frame), 35 ... Drive member (crankshaft), 36 ... Driven member (pulley), 50, 51 ... Electromagnetic clutch, 57 ... Yoke, 58 ... Excitation coil, 61, 66 ... Elastic member, 62 , 67 ... Bracket, 62a ... Wall, 63, 68 ... Non-rotating pin (bolt).

Claims (2)

In the electromagnetic clutch that transmits the power from the drive member to the driven member by causing the driven member to face the drive member and joining the drive member driven member by the action of the excitation coil provided in the yoke,
The electromagnetic clutch includes a non-rotating pin extending from the yoke, an elastic member is fitted to the outer periphery of the non-rotating pin, and is connected to a fixing member via the elastic member.
The elastic member is composed of an inner peripheral portion on the side of the detent pin , an intermediate portion that has increased elasticity by lowering hardness than the inner peripheral portion, and an outer peripheral portion that has increased hardness compared to the intermediate portion. An electromagnetic clutch characterized by that.   The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, wherein a bracket is provided on the fixing member, and the entire circumference of the elastic member is supported by the bracket.

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