JP4007336B2 - 画素回路の駆動方法、画素回路、電気光学装置および電子機器 - Google Patents
画素回路の駆動方法、画素回路、電気光学装置および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4007336B2 JP4007336B2 JP2004116778A JP2004116778A JP4007336B2 JP 4007336 B2 JP4007336 B2 JP 4007336B2 JP 2004116778 A JP2004116778 A JP 2004116778A JP 2004116778 A JP2004116778 A JP 2004116778A JP 4007336 B2 JP4007336 B2 JP 4007336B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- capacitor
- pixel circuit
- light emitting
- data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2014—Display of intermediate tones by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0819—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels used for counteracting undesired variations, e.g. feedback or autozeroing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0833—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a linear amplifier or follower
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
- G09G2300/0852—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor being a dynamic memory with more than one capacitor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
- G09G2300/0861—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
- G09G2310/0251—Precharge or discharge of pixel before applying new pixel voltage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
- G09G2320/045—Compensation of drifts in the characteristics of light emitting or modulating elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
- G09G2360/14—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors
- G09G2360/145—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light originating from the display screen
- G09G2360/147—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light originating from the display screen the originated light output being determined for each pixel
- G09G2360/148—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light originating from the display screen the originated light output being determined for each pixel the light being detected by light detection means within each pixel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Control Of El Displays (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Description
図1は、本実施形態にかかる電気光学装置のブロック構成図である。表示部1は、例えばTFT(Thin Film Transistor)によって発光素子を駆動するアクティブマトリクス型の表示パネルである。この表示部1には、mドット×nライン分の画素群がマトリクス状(二次元平面的)に並んでいる。表示部1には、それぞれが水平方向に延在している走査線群Y1〜Ynと、それぞれが垂直方向に延在しているデータ線群X1〜Xmとが設けられており、これらの交差に対応して画素2(画素回路)が配置されている。なお、後述する各画素回路との関係で、同図に示した1本の走査線Yが複数の走査線のセットを示すことがある。
図5は、第2の実施形態にかかる光フィードバック型の画素回路図である。この画素回路の特徴は、積分ノードNintgと、リセット電圧Vrstが常時供給されるリセット端子Vrstとの間に、リセット信号RSTによって導通制御されるpチャネル型のトランジスタT5を追加した点にある。なお、それ以外の構成については、図2のそれと同様であるので、同一の符号を付してここでの説明を省略する。また、この画素回路の動作については、図3に示したタイミングチャートと基本的に同様である。
図6は、第3の実施形態にかかる光フィードバック型の画素回路図である。この画素回路の特徴は、図2の構成をベースとし、積分ノードNintgとコンパレータ20との間にソースフォロワ回路21を追加した点にある。このソースフォロワ回路21は、直列接続されたnチャネル型の2つのトランジスタT6,T7で構成されている。トランジスタT6のゲートは、積分ノードNintgに接続されており、その一方の端子は、Vdd端子に接続されている。また、トランジスタT6の他方の端子は、コンパレータ20の一部を構成するキャパシタC1の一方の電極と、トランジスタT7の一方の端子とに共通接続されている。このトランジスタT7のゲートには、所定のバイアス電圧Vbが印加されているとともに、その他方の端子は、Vss端子に接続されている。なお、それ以外の構成については、図2のそれと同様であるから、同一の符号を付してここでの説明を省略する。
図7は、第4の実施形態にかかる光フィードバック型の画素回路図である。図1に示した1本の走査線Yは、図示した2本の走査線Ya,Ybのセットに相当する。この画素回路は、発光素子としての有機EL素子OLEDと、4個のトランジスタT1〜T4と、2個のキャパシタC1,C2と、一般的なオペアンプで構成された2入力のコンパレータ20と、光電変換素子としてのフォトダイオードPTDとで構成されている。なお、同図の構成例では、トランジスタT3のみをpチャネル型とし、その他をnチャネル型としているが、これは一例に過ぎず、別の組み合わせでチャネル型を設定してもよい。
図9は、第5の実施形態にかかる光フィードバック型の画素回路である。この画素回路の特徴は、図2に示した画素回路をベースに、電圧プログラム方式における一般的な駆動系を追加した点にある。この駆動系は、キャパシタC3と、駆動素子であるトランジスタT5と、スイッチング素子であるトランジスタT6とで構成されている。具体的には、トランジスタT5の一方の端子は、キャパシタC3の一方の電極と共にVdd端子に接続されており、その他方の端子は、トランジスタT3の一方の端子に接続されている。このトランジスタT5のゲートは、キャパシタC3の他方の電極と、トランジスタT6の一方の端子とに共通接続されている。トランジスタT6の他方の端子は、データ線Xに接続されており、そのゲートは、トランジスタT4と同様に、リセット信号RSTが供給される第1の走査線Yaに接続されている。なお、それ以外の点については、図2の画素回路と同様であるから、同一の符号を付してここでの説明を省略する。また、この画素回路の動作は、図3に示したタイミングチャートと基本的に同様である。
上述した各実施形態では、スイッチング素子によって駆動電流Ioledの経路を遮断することで、有機EL素子OLEDの発光を停止する例について説明した。しかしながら、有機EL素子OLEDの発光停止は、この方法以外に、図9に示したキャパシタC3の保持データを非発光状態に充放電することによっても実現可能である。図10は、第6の実施形態にかかる光フィードバック型の画素回路図である。なお、トランジスタT1からコンパレータ20の出力ノードNoutに至るまでの構成については、図9に示した画素回路と同様であるから、同一の符号を付してここでの説明を省略する。また、この画素回路の動作は、図3に示したタイミングチャートと基本的に同様である。
2 画素
3 走査線駆動回路
4 データ線駆動回路
5 制御回路
20 コンパレータ
21 ソースフォロワ回路
T1〜T8 トランジスタ
C1〜C3 キャパシタ
OLED 有機EL素子
PTD フォトダイオード
INV インバータ
Claims (12)
- 画素回路において、
所定の経路を介して供給された駆動電流に応じて発光する発光素子と、
前記発光素子より放出された光を受光し、当該受光した光に応じた光電流を出力する光電変換素子と、
前記光電変換素子より出力された前記光電流の積分値を電荷として蓄積する第1のキャパシタと、
前記第1のキャパシタに蓄積された電荷に応じて設定される第1の電圧が、データ線を介して供給されたデータに応じて設定される第2の電圧に達したタイミングで、出力電圧のレベルを切り替えるコンパレータと、
前記コンパレータからの出力電圧に応じて導通制御され、前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達していない場合には、前記発光素子を発光させるとともに、前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達した場合には、前記発光素子の発光を停止させる第1のスイッチング素子と
を有することを特徴とする画素回路。 - 前記第1のスイッチング素子は、前記発光素子に駆動電流を供給する経路中に設けられており、前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達していない場合には、前記駆動電流の経路を形成するとともに、前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達した場合には、前記駆動電流の経路を遮断することを特徴とする請求項1に記載された画素回路。
- 前記データ線を介して供給されたデータを保持する第2のキャパシタと、
前記第2のキャパシタに自己のゲートが接続されており、前記第2のキャパシタに保持されているデータに応じて、前記駆動電流を生成する駆動トランジスタとをさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載された画素回路。 - 前記第1のスイッチング素子は、前記第2のキャパシタと並列に設けられており、前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達していない場合には、前記第2のキャパシタの一対の電極を電気的に分離するとともに、前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達した場合には、前記第2のキャパシタの一対の電極を電気的に接続することを特徴とする請求項3に記載された画素回路。
- 前記光電変換素子および前記第1のキャパシタが共通接続されたノードと、所定のリセット電圧が供給される電圧端子との間に設けられ、前記リセット電圧によって、前記第1のキャパシタに蓄積された電荷をリセットする第2のスイッチング素子をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載された画素回路。
- 前記光電変換素子および前記第1のキャパシタが共通接続されたノードと、前記コンパレータの入力ノードとの間に設けられたソースフォロワ回路をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載された画素回路。
- 電気光学装置において、
複数の走査線と、
複数のデータ線と、
前記複数の走査線と、前記複数のデータ線との交差に対応して設けられた複数の画素回路と、
前記複数の走査線を順次選択する走査線駆動回路と、
前記走査線駆動回路と協働して、前記複数のデータ線にデータ電圧を出力するデータ線駆動回路とを有し、
前記画素回路は、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載された画素回路であることを特徴とする電気光学装置。 - 請求項7に記載された電気光学装置を実装したことを特徴とする電子機器。
- 画素回路の駆動方法において、
所定の経路を介して駆動電流を発光素子に供給することにより、前記発光素子を発光させる第1のステップと、
前記発光素子より放出された光を受光し、当該受光した光に応じた光電流を光電変換素子より出力する第2のステップと、
前記光電変換素子より出力された前記光電流の積分値を電荷として第1のキャパシタに蓄積する第3のステップと、
前記第1のキャパシタに蓄積された電荷に応じて設定される第1の電圧が、データ線を介して供給されたデータに応じて設定される第2の電圧に達したタイミングで、コンパレータからの出力電圧のレベルを切り替える第4のステップと、
前記コンパレータからの出力電圧に応じて第1のスイッチング素子を導通制御し、前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達していない場合には、前記発光素子を発光させるとともに、前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達した場合には、前記発光素子の発光を停止させる第5のステップと
を有することを特徴とする画素回路の駆動方法。 - 前記第1のスイッチング素子は、前記発光素子に駆動電流を供給する経路中に設けられており、
前記第5のステップは、
前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達していない場合には、前記第1のスイッチング素子をオンさせて、駆動電流の経路を形成するステップと、
前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達した場合には、前記第1のスイッチング素子をオフさせて、前記駆動電流の経路を遮断するステップとを含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載された画素回路の駆動方法。 - 前記第1のステップは、
前記データ線を介して供給されたデータを第2のキャパシタに書き込むステップと、
前記第2のキャパシタに保持されているデータに応じて、駆動電流を変調するステップと、
前記変調された駆動電流を所定の経路を介して前記発光素子に供給することにより、前記発光素子を発光させるステップとを含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載された画素回路の駆動方法。 - 前記第1のスイッチング素子は、前記第2のキャパシタと並列に設けられており、
前記第5のステップは、
前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達していない場合には、前記第1のスイッチング素子をオフさせて、前記第2のキャパシタの一対の電極を電気的に分離するステップと、
前記第1の電圧が前記第2の電圧に達した場合には、前記第1のスイッチング素子をオンさせて、前記第2のキャパシタの一対の電極を電気的に接続するステップとを含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載された画素回路の駆動方法。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004116778A JP4007336B2 (ja) | 2004-04-12 | 2004-04-12 | 画素回路の駆動方法、画素回路、電気光学装置および電子機器 |
US11/079,173 US7554514B2 (en) | 2004-04-12 | 2005-03-15 | Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004116778A JP4007336B2 (ja) | 2004-04-12 | 2004-04-12 | 画素回路の駆動方法、画素回路、電気光学装置および電子機器 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005300897A JP2005300897A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
JP4007336B2 true JP4007336B2 (ja) | 2007-11-14 |
Family
ID=35060163
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004116778A Expired - Fee Related JP4007336B2 (ja) | 2004-04-12 | 2004-04-12 | 画素回路の駆動方法、画素回路、電気光学装置および電子機器 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7554514B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4007336B2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9451677B2 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2016-09-20 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus, display method, and program |
Families Citing this family (107)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2443206A1 (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2005-03-23 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Amoled display backplanes - pixel driver circuits, array architecture, and external compensation |
US8581805B2 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2013-11-12 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display device and driving method thereof |
US10012678B2 (en) | 2004-12-15 | 2018-07-03 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Method and system for programming, calibrating and/or compensating, and driving an LED display |
US10013907B2 (en) | 2004-12-15 | 2018-07-03 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Method and system for programming, calibrating and/or compensating, and driving an LED display |
US8576217B2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2013-11-05 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | System and methods for extraction of threshold and mobility parameters in AMOLED displays |
EP2383720B1 (en) | 2004-12-15 | 2018-02-14 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Method and system for programming, calibrating and driving a light emitting device display |
US9799246B2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2017-10-24 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | System and methods for extraction of threshold and mobility parameters in AMOLED displays |
US7923362B2 (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2011-04-12 | Telefunken Semiconductors Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for manufacturing a metal-semiconductor contact in semiconductor components |
WO2006130981A1 (en) | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-14 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Method and system for driving a light emitting device display |
JP4600190B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-15 | 2010-12-15 | 双葉電子工業株式会社 | 電界放出表示素子を用いた表示装置、電界放出表示素子の輝度調整装置およびその輝度調整方法 |
CA2518276A1 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-13 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Compensation technique for luminance degradation in electro-luminance devices |
KR20080063303A (ko) * | 2005-10-13 | 2008-07-03 | 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | 발광 디스플레이 디바이스 |
EP1796070A1 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2007-06-13 | Thomson Licensing | Luminous display and method for controlling the same |
US8477125B2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2013-07-02 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Photo sensor and organic light-emitting display using the same |
EP1845514B1 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2013-10-02 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display device and method for driving the same |
KR100784014B1 (ko) | 2006-04-17 | 2007-12-07 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기전계발광 표시장치 및 그의 구동방법 |
EP3133590A1 (en) | 2006-04-19 | 2017-02-22 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Stable driving scheme for active matrix displays |
JP5124985B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-23 | 2013-01-23 | ソニー株式会社 | 画像表示装置 |
KR101245218B1 (ko) * | 2006-06-22 | 2013-03-19 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기발광다이오드 표시소자 |
CA2556961A1 (en) | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-15 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Oled compensation technique based on oled capacitance |
TWI343135B (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2011-06-01 | Gigno Technology Co Ltd | Light emitting device and control method thereof |
JP4932526B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-20 | 2012-05-16 | 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ | 画面入力機能付き画像表示装置 |
KR100957948B1 (ko) * | 2008-02-19 | 2010-05-13 | 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 | 광센서 및 그를 이용한 평판표시장치 |
US8521035B2 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2013-08-27 | Ketra, Inc. | Systems and methods for visible light communication |
US9509525B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2016-11-29 | Ketra, Inc. | Intelligent illumination device |
US10210750B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2019-02-19 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | System and method of extending the communication range in a visible light communication system |
US20110063214A1 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2011-03-17 | Knapp David J | Display and optical pointer systems and related methods |
US8674913B2 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2014-03-18 | Ketra, Inc. | LED transceiver front end circuitry and related methods |
US8773336B2 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2014-07-08 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination devices and related systems and methods |
US8886047B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2014-11-11 | Ketra, Inc. | Optical communication device, method and system |
US9276766B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2016-03-01 | Ketra, Inc. | Display calibration systems and related methods |
CA2688870A1 (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2011-05-30 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Methode and techniques for improving display uniformity |
CA2669367A1 (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2010-12-16 | Ignis Innovation Inc | Compensation technique for color shift in displays |
US10319307B2 (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2019-06-11 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Display system with compensation techniques and/or shared level resources |
US9311859B2 (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2016-04-12 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Resetting cycle for aging compensation in AMOLED displays |
US9384698B2 (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2016-07-05 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | System and methods for aging compensation in AMOLED displays |
JP5636657B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-25 | 2014-12-10 | ソニー株式会社 | 表示装置 |
US20140313111A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2014-10-23 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | System and methods for extracting correlation curves for an organic light emitting device |
US9881532B2 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2018-01-30 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | System and method for extracting correlation curves for an organic light emitting device |
CA2692097A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-04 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Extracting correlation curves for light emitting device |
US10089921B2 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2018-10-02 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | System and methods for extracting correlation curves for an organic light emitting device |
USRE49454E1 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2023-03-07 | Lutron Technology Company Llc | Lighting control system |
US9386668B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2016-07-05 | Ketra, Inc. | Lighting control system |
US8907991B2 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2014-12-09 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | System and methods for thermal compensation in AMOLED displays |
US9935622B2 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2018-04-03 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Comparator and semiconductor device including comparator |
JP2012237919A (ja) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-12-06 | Sony Corp | 画素回路、表示装置、電子機器、及び、画素回路の駆動方法 |
US9530349B2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2016-12-27 | Ignis Innovations Inc. | Charged-based compensation and parameter extraction in AMOLED displays |
US9466240B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2016-10-11 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Adaptive feedback system for compensating for aging pixel areas with enhanced estimation speed |
EP3547301A1 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2019-10-02 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Systems and methods for aging compensation in amoled displays |
US8749172B2 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2014-06-10 | Ketra, Inc. | Luminance control for illumination devices |
US9324268B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-04-26 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Amoled displays with multiple readout circuits |
US10089924B2 (en) | 2011-11-29 | 2018-10-02 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Structural and low-frequency non-uniformity compensation |
US8937632B2 (en) | 2012-02-03 | 2015-01-20 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Driving system for active-matrix displays |
JP2013243516A (ja) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-12-05 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像素子および駆動方法 |
US8922544B2 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2014-12-30 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Display systems with compensation for line propagation delay |
JP2015004945A (ja) * | 2013-02-04 | 2015-01-08 | ソニー株式会社 | 表示装置及びその駆動方法、並びに、制御パルス生成装置 |
JP5880467B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-04 | 2016-03-09 | ソニー株式会社 | コンパレータ装置、並びに、表示装置及びその駆動方法 |
EP2779147B1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-03-02 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Re-interpolation with edge detection for extracting an aging pattern for AMOLED displays |
KR20140133189A (ko) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-19 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 표시 장치의 화소 및 유기 발광 표시 장치 |
CN107452314B (zh) | 2013-08-12 | 2021-08-24 | 伊格尼斯创新公司 | 用于要被显示器显示的图像的补偿图像数据的方法和装置 |
USRE48956E1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2022-03-01 | Lutron Technology Company Llc | Interference-resistant compensation for illumination devices using multiple series of measurement intervals |
US9360174B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2016-06-07 | Ketra, Inc. | Linear LED illumination device with improved color mixing |
US9345097B1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2016-05-17 | Ketra, Inc. | Interference-resistant compensation for illumination devices using multiple series of measurement intervals |
US9155155B1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2015-10-06 | Ketra, Inc. | Overlapping measurement sequences for interference-resistant compensation in light emitting diode devices |
US9332598B1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2016-05-03 | Ketra, Inc. | Interference-resistant compensation for illumination devices having multiple emitter modules |
USRE48955E1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2022-03-01 | Lutron Technology Company Llc | Interference-resistant compensation for illumination devices having multiple emitter modules |
US9578724B1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2017-02-21 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and method for avoiding flicker |
US9237620B1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2016-01-12 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and temperature compensation method |
US9651632B1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2017-05-16 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and temperature calibration method |
US9769899B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-09-19 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and age compensation method |
US9247605B1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2016-01-26 | Ketra, Inc. | Interference-resistant compensation for illumination devices |
US9736895B1 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2017-08-15 | Ketra, Inc. | Color mixing optics for LED illumination device |
US9146028B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2015-09-29 | Ketra, Inc. | Linear LED illumination device with improved rotational hinge |
US9741282B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2017-08-22 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | OLED display system and method |
US9761170B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2017-09-12 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Correction for localized phenomena in an image array |
US9502653B2 (en) | 2013-12-25 | 2016-11-22 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Electrode contacts |
DE102015206281A1 (de) | 2014-04-08 | 2015-10-08 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Anzeigesystem mit gemeinsam genutzten Niveauressourcen für tragbare Vorrichtungen |
KR20150142943A (ko) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-23 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 표시 장치 |
US10161786B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2018-12-25 | Lutron Ketra, Llc | Emitter module for an LED illumination device |
US9557214B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-01-31 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and method for calibrating an illumination device over changes in temperature, drive current, and time |
US9392663B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2016-07-12 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and method for controlling an illumination device over changes in drive current and temperature |
US9736903B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-08-15 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and method for calibrating and controlling an illumination device comprising a phosphor converted LED |
US9510416B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2016-11-29 | Ketra, Inc. | LED illumination device and method for accurately controlling the intensity and color point of the illumination device over time |
US9392660B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2016-07-12 | Ketra, Inc. | LED illumination device and calibration method for accurately characterizing the emission LEDs and photodetector(s) included within the LED illumination device |
KR102369835B1 (ko) * | 2014-12-08 | 2022-03-04 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시 장치 및 표시 방법 |
JP2016118672A (ja) | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 表示装置及びその駆動方法 |
CA2879462A1 (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-23 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Compensation for color variation in emissive devices |
US9485813B1 (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2016-11-01 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and method for avoiding an over-power or over-current condition in a power converter |
US9237623B1 (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2016-01-12 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and method for determining a maximum lumens that can be safely produced by the illumination device to achieve a target chromaticity |
US9237612B1 (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2016-01-12 | Ketra, Inc. | Illumination device and method for determining a target lumens that can be safely produced by an illumination device at a present temperature |
CA2889870A1 (en) | 2015-05-04 | 2016-11-04 | Ignis Innovation Inc. | Optical feedback system |
CA2892714A1 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2016-11-27 | Ignis Innovation Inc | Memory bandwidth reduction in compensation system |
US10140940B2 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2018-11-27 | Japan Display Inc. | Display device |
CA2900170A1 (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-07 | Gholamreza Chaji | Calibration of pixel based on improved reference values |
US10431164B2 (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2019-10-01 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display device, display module, and electronic device |
CN106875892B (zh) * | 2017-02-28 | 2019-03-22 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种像素电路及其驱动方法、显示装置 |
KR102473216B1 (ko) | 2017-07-17 | 2022-12-01 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 전계 발광 표시장치 및 이의 구동방법 |
CN108680587B (zh) * | 2018-05-09 | 2020-12-15 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种检测电路、信号处理方法和平板探测器 |
US11272599B1 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2022-03-08 | Lutron Technology Company Llc | Calibration procedure for a light-emitting diode light source |
TWI683434B (zh) | 2018-09-21 | 2020-01-21 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | 畫素結構 |
US11710445B2 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2023-07-25 | Google Llc | Backplane configurations and operations |
DE102019125364A1 (de) | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-25 | OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Anordnung und verfahren zum betreiben eines diodenarrays |
US11062650B2 (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-07-13 | Novatek Microelectronics Corp. | Sensing circuit and a source driver of a display device |
CN110850615B (zh) * | 2019-11-27 | 2022-04-26 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | 像素驱动电路、液晶显示面板及投影显示装置 |
US20240395204A1 (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-11-28 | Sharp Display Technology Corporation | Display device and driving method therefor |
US11922860B2 (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2024-03-05 | Sapien Semiconductors Inc. | Pixel and display apparatus of which static power consumption is reduced |
US12190797B2 (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2025-01-07 | Sapien Semiconductors Inc. | Pixel and display apparatus of which static power consumption is reduced |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6633301B1 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2003-10-14 | Displaytech, Inc. | RGB illuminator with calibration via single detector servo |
JP2001075524A (ja) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-23 | Rohm Co Ltd | 表示装置 |
EP1129446A1 (en) | 1999-09-11 | 2001-09-05 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Active matrix electroluminescent display device |
US6392617B1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2002-05-21 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Active matrix light emitting diode display |
EP1158483A3 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2003-02-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Solid-state display with reference pixel |
GB0014961D0 (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2000-08-09 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Light-emitting matrix array display devices with light sensing elements |
US6342138B1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2002-01-29 | M & B Plating Racks Inc. | Clamp for electroplating articles |
JP2002278504A (ja) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 自発光型表示装置 |
KR100530411B1 (ko) * | 2001-03-22 | 2005-11-22 | 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 | 자가 발광 표시 장치 |
US20020171611A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Active matrix organic light emitting diode flat-panel display |
US7348946B2 (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2008-03-25 | Intel Corporation | Energy sensing light emitting diode display |
JP3750616B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-05 | 2006-03-01 | 日本電気株式会社 | 画像表示装置及び該画像表示装置に用いられる制御方法 |
GB2389951A (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2003-12-24 | Cambridge Display Tech Ltd | Display driver circuits for active matrix OLED displays |
US7142030B2 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2006-11-28 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Data latch circuit and electronic device |
US20040222954A1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-11-11 | Lueder Ernst H. | Methods and apparatus for a display |
JP4701603B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-13 | 2011-06-15 | ソニー株式会社 | 表示装置およびその駆動方法 |
JP2005322105A (ja) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-17 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 定電圧出力回路 |
-
2004
- 2004-04-12 JP JP2004116778A patent/JP4007336B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-15 US US11/079,173 patent/US7554514B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9451677B2 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2016-09-20 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus, display method, and program |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005300897A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
US7554514B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 |
US20050225683A1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4007336B2 (ja) | 画素回路の駆動方法、画素回路、電気光学装置および電子機器 | |
US10878751B2 (en) | Organic light-emitting diode display with external compensation and anode reset | |
WO2020001635A1 (zh) | 驱动电路及其驱动方法、显示装置 | |
US11164520B2 (en) | Power off method of display device, and display device | |
JP4630789B2 (ja) | 発光表示装置,及び画素回路 | |
CN101409041B (zh) | 电子装置 | |
US9262966B2 (en) | Pixel circuit, display panel and display apparatus | |
WO2019085702A1 (zh) | 像素驱动电路及其驱动方法、显示装置 | |
WO2017118221A1 (zh) | 像素电路及其驱动方法、显示面板 | |
US20170270860A1 (en) | Pixel circuit and drive method thereof, and related device | |
CN107358916A (zh) | 像素电路、其驱动方法、电致发光显示面板及显示装置 | |
US20120287102A1 (en) | Pixel circuit, display device, electronic apparatus, and method for driving pixel circuit | |
JP2005099714A (ja) | 電気光学装置、電気光学装置の駆動方法および電子機器 | |
WO2002075711A1 (fr) | Ecran auto-lumineux | |
CN109979394A (zh) | 像素电路及其驱动方法、阵列基板及显示装置 | |
JP2010281914A (ja) | 表示装置、表示装置の駆動方法および電子機器 | |
WO2019174372A1 (zh) | 像素补偿电路、驱动方法、电致发光显示面板及显示装置 | |
CN113692612B (zh) | 显示装置、显示装置的驱动方法以及电子设备 | |
KR20090093829A (ko) | El표시 패널, 전자기기 및 el표시 패널의 구동방법 | |
US20040108979A1 (en) | Driving device of active type light emitting display panel | |
CN112470210A (zh) | 时钟及电压生成电路和包括时钟及电压生成电路的显示装置 | |
JP6999382B2 (ja) | 表示装置 | |
JP2009109784A (ja) | 画像表示装置 | |
JP5162807B2 (ja) | 電気光学装置及び電子機器 | |
JP7253796B2 (ja) | 画素回路、及び、表示装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20070403 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20070801 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20070807 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20070820 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100907 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100907 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110907 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120907 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130907 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |