JP4003103B2

JP4003103B2 - Automatic watering plant cultivation container

Info

Publication number: JP4003103B2
Application number: JP29274298A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 耕三猪口
Original assignee: 株式会社サン・クリエイト
Priority date: 1998-09-08
Filing date: 1998-09-08
Publication date: 2007-11-07
Anticipated expiration: 2018-09-08
Also published as: JP2000083498A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、植木鉢、プランター等の底部よりの灌水において、植物栽培容器内の用土を利用した毛細管現象にての灌水（水やり）と同時に、植物の根に最も必要な用土内への酸素補給と節水を可能にした自動灌水植物栽培容器に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
植木鉢、プランター等の栽培容器において、花木、野草等の植物を育てる場合の最も大切なことは、適切な灌水と、根は酸素呼吸をしているので用土内への酸素補給が不可欠である。適切な灌水とは、植物の吸収と自然蒸発に対応した必要量の灌水である。そこで、植物の種類や栽培容器の大きさや季節に対応出来るものが望ましい。そして、従来の鉢底よりの灌水においては、用土内への酸素補給が出来ず、絶えず灌水されるため窒息し根腐れを起こし、根腐れによってできた傷から、立ち枯れ病の病原菌のフイトフトラー菌の感染による機会が増したり根の傷害で枯れ死する原因となっていた。又、通気性を目的とした植物栽培容器の側壁に開孔を形成したものにあっては、夏期や冬季に問題点があった。
【０００３】
そこで、側壁と鉢底を有する植木鉢において、該植木鉢の鉢底の内面から或る高さ位置に植木鉢内部からの流入口を有する排水孔を、該鉢底又は該側壁に設け、該植木鉢内部の該排水孔の該流入口より低い位置の部分を、灌水時に自然に水が溜まる貯水部とした植木鉢（実開平５−６７２４３号）や、植物生育用装置は植木鉢及び植木鉢用の受け皿からなり、植木鉢の底板には底部開孔が形成され、植木鉢の周壁には底板から約１／４の高さ位置に一列等間隔の複数の側部開孔が形成される。この装置は、植物生育時に、植木鉢の側部開孔形成位置よりも低い位置まで受け皿に貯水された状態で使用される植物生育用装置（実開平５−２９３５５号）がある。
【０００４】
更に、従来シクラメン等に使用されている、植木鉢の下部に補水槽を一体的に設けたものでは、該補水槽の上部に植木鉢を設け、水抜き穴より給水紐等による間接的毛細管現象にての灌水を行っているものや、鉢受け等の貯水体と、この貯水体の液面に非接触状態におかれる鉢と、一端側が鉢の底面側から鉢土内に設けられ他端側が上記貯水体内に設けられる柔軟性を有する給水紐とが備えられ、給水紐の上記一端側には保形性を有する補強材が設けられている鉢の給水構造（実開平３−１１７４４９号）がある。
【０００５】
一方、植木鉢に自動的に灌水出来るようにした自動灌水装置としては、液界面の高さまで水を供給される水槽を設け、開閉自在の密封蓋を施した給水タンクを該液界面より高い位置に設置し、細管の下端を水槽内の液界面の高さまで挿入し、該細管の上端を給水タンクの底に連結した自動給水式プランター装置（実開昭５３−７７８５７号）がある。
【０００６】
更に、栽培容器の外側に培養液及び空気の供給口を設け、この栽培容器の内部の底部に、縦断面及び横断面とも適宜な形状の垂下部を持ち、この垂下部を含む全体に小孔または細溝をあけた中子を嵌合し、前記栽培容器の培養液及び空気供給口の下端は、中子の底面よりは下方になるようにして、水位を一定に保つタンクを結合せしめた自動清浄栽培容器（実公昭４０−４１１７号）がある。
【０００７】
次に、貯水槽に吸気管と送水管を設け、貯水層の下部には蒸発皿や仕切り板を設けた補助給水皿と給水皿が連給管とで連結された構成とした園芸用自動給水器（特開昭６２−１７１６２５号）等が知られている。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上述したような自動給水栽培容器の底部よりの灌水（以下、底面灌水という。）方式にあっては、植物の栽培に必要な条件として、用土内へいかに酸素補給をすることが出来るか、又、季節や気温や乾燥度に対応した適切な灌水が出来るか、更に、側部開孔を形成した技術にあっては冬季は用土や根等が凍るなどの様々な問題点があった。
【０００９】
そして、植物の種類によっては個別の用土や混合用土を用いるが、酸性土を好む植物に対しては鹿沼土を用いるが、この鹿沼土は給水性が悪いため側部開孔を設けると用土内全体への灌水が尚一層おこなわれない欠点がある。
【００１０】
更に、上記の同一植木鉢内に貯水槽を設けたものでは、腐葉土やビートモスのような保水量の多い培養土を多く用いた場合水はけが悪くなり根腐れの原因となり、又、用土内への酸素補給もなされないという問題点があった。
【００１１】
次に、紐等を用いた間接的毛細管現象にあっては、紐等が腐敗脱落した場合には灌水の目的を達せず、又用土内への酸素補給が全くなされず、又、灌水量も常に一定のため、植物の種類や乾燥度に対応出来ない問題点があった。
【００１２】
一方、大気開放手段の目的をもった環状（３６０度）の細管や吸気管では、水槽内の水位が低下したとき、この細管や吸気管の水面（液面）の接触面は３６０度であり、この３６０度の接触面で表面張力をおこす。同時に、この表面張力をおこしている接触面に３６０度の大気圧が加わるので、この接触面は破壊されやすくなり表面張力の長さは短くなる。これは水位低下の長さが短くなるということであり、鉢底と水面間の長さも同様に短くなる。これによって鉢底に大気層が出来にくくなり、このため、用土内への酸素補給が困難となる問題点があった。
【００１３】
更に、補給容器と補水槽とが一体的な構成のものでは、構成が複雑であり、コストが高くなると共に実用性にも欠けるという問題点があった。
【００１４】
本発明は、植物栽培容器の用土を利用した毛細管現象にての底面灌水方式において、適切な灌水と用土内に酸素（大気）を導入し植物の根腐れを防止することを目的としており、更に補給容器を空ペットボトルや空き瓶、空容器等を利用し、節水を目指しながら留守時や多忙な植物愛好家に簡単な構成で低価格で自動的に灌水を行うことが出来る自動灌水植物栽培容器を提供することを目的とする。
【００１５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、請求項１の自動灌水植物栽培容器は、補水槽内に所定高さの脚部を有する植物栽培容器本体を設けた自動灌水植物栽培容器であって、大気導入孔を有する前記植物栽培容器本体の底蓋と、該底蓋から下方に突出させて前記植物栽培容器本体内に水が供給されるように設けた灌水口と、前記脚部の下方に前記補水槽に貯留させた水が流入するように設けた通水口と、を備え、水位の低下に伴って前記底蓋の下方で大気層が生じるように、前記植物栽培容器本体の外周から下方に延出させて設けた前記脚部の全周を前記補水槽と一体的に形成し、前記大気層は、空気を前記植物栽培容器本体に盛られた用土の表面から前記大気導入孔を通過させることにより、前記底蓋と水面の間に形成されることを特徴とする。
【００１６】
請求項２の自動灌水植物栽培容器は、前記灌水口および前記通水口の少なくとも何れかの下方位置において、前記補水槽には、凹部が形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００１７】
請求項３の自動灌水植物栽培容器は、補水槽内に所定高さの脚部を有する植物栽培容器本体を設けた自動灌水植物栽培容器であって、大気導入孔を有する前記植物栽培容器本体の底蓋と、前記脚部の下方に、前記植物栽培容器本体内に水が供給されるように設けた脚部灌水口および前記補水槽に貯留させた水が流入するように設けた通水口と、を備え、水位の低下に伴って前記底蓋の下方で大気層が生じるように、前記植物栽培容器本体の外周から下方に延出させて設けた前記脚部の全周を前記補水槽と一体的に形成し、前記大気層は、空気を前記植物栽培容器本体に盛られた用土の表面から前記大気導入孔を通過させることにより、前記底蓋と水面の間に形成されることを特徴とする。
【００１８】
請求項４の自動灌水植物栽培容器は、前記脚部灌水口および前記通水口の少なくとも何れかの下方位置において、前記補水槽には、凹部が形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００１９】
上述したように自動灌水植物栽培容器を構成することにより、補水槽内の植物栽培容器の底蓋までに給水した場合、脚部全周と灌水口は水中にある。そして、灌水口より用土を利用した毛細管現象にての灌水によって補水槽内の水位は低下するが、このとき底蓋と水面との間に大気層が出来る。この大気層は、脚部全周が水中にあるため水中から大気は入らず、植物栽培容器の表土上より大気導入され、用土内への酸素補給がなされる。
【００２０】
そして、前記灌水口や前記脚部灌水口の下方位置に凹部を形成したことによって、これ等各々の灌水口は補水槽の内底部と同位置まで設けることが出来、給水した水を全て灌水することを可能とした。
【００２１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図１は本発明の第１実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図、図２は同実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の平面図、図３は第２実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図、図４は第３実施例の一部を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の要部断面図、
図５は第４実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図、図６は同実施例を示す植物栽培容器本体の右側面図、図７は第５実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図、図８は同実施例を示す植物栽培容器の右側面図、図９は同実施例を示す筒状の保持部の要部拡大左側面図、図１０は同実施例を示す平面図、図１１は同実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器のＡ−Ａ断面図、図１２は第５実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器に補給容器を装着した状態の説明をする正断面図。図１３は第６実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図。
【００２２】
図１は、本発明の第１実施例を示す。図１の自動灌水植物栽培容器は、略円形の、底蓋３を有す植物栽培容器本体１に有底の補水槽２を一体的に形成し、この植物栽培容器本体２内に、下方に突出した綱目状に孔を形成した筒状の灌水口５と小孔の複数の大気導入孔４を一体形成した底蓋３を、補水槽２内に形成された底蓋受け台２０に戴置するが、この底蓋受け台２０は底蓋３に一体形成してもよく、又植物栽培容器本体１内の脚部８に一体形成してもよい。そして、植物栽培容器２の底蓋３の下部に補水槽２内の水が流入しうる切り欠き状の通水口６を脚部８に形成し、該脚部８全周は補水槽２内に一体的に形成した構成である。この構成によって、補水槽２内に給水された水は、通水口６より底蓋３の下部に流入し、更に灌水口５より用土を利用した毛細管現象によって用土１８上方へ灌水されると同時に、底蓋３と水面間の水位が低下するが、このとき脚部８全周と灌水口５と通水口６は水中にあるため水位低下にともない、表土上より大気導入孔４を介し底蓋３と水面の間に大気層が出来る。この作用によって、用土内に酸素補給がなされる。なお、本明細書中の「底蓋受け台」とは底蓋を鉢底や補水槽内に安定して設けるものであり、底蓋の外周の下方に延設するような側壁状の形状も含むが、この目的を達するものであれば、形状や構成や大きさを限定されるものでない。
【００２３】
図２は、本発明の第１実施例を示す植物栽培容器本体１の平面図である。
【００２４】
図３は、本発明の第２実施例を示す略円形の、底蓋３と脚部嵌合部３３を一体形成した植物栽培容器本体１と、脚部嵌合孔３４と給水口３２を形成した有底筒状の補水槽２を一体的に形成し、該植物栽培容器本体１は脚部８の内底面の一部に網目状に孔を形成した脚部灌水口７と小孔の複数の大気導入孔４を底蓋３に形成し、該脚部８の一部に補水槽２内に給水された水を底蓋３の下部へ流入出来る通水口６を形成している。
【００２５】
図４は、本発明の第３実施例の一部を示す要部断面図であるが、底蓋３に形成されている筒状の灌水口５の下方位置の補水槽２内に凹部９を形成した。この凹部９は、補水槽２内の水を毛細管現象を利用して全て灌水するために形成したものであるが，そのためには、灌水口５を補水槽２内底面２４と同位置若しくは同位置以下にすることが必要であるが、この灌水口５の全孔に表面張力をおこし円滑に灌水出来ないので、この表面張力を防止出来る間隔を設けることが必要である。そのため灌水口５の下方位置の補水槽２の内底面２４に、灌水口５の直径より大きい凹部９を形成した。灌水口５よりの凹部の深さは約１．５ｍｍ以上が必要となるが、この深さは限定するものでない。又、脚部８全周は補水槽２内に設けられている。
【００２６】
図５は、本発明の第４実施例を示す略円形で底蓋３を有する植物栽培容器本体１と有底の補水槽２からなり、該補水槽２には補給容器設置部２５を設けている。この補給容器設置部２５には補給容器の補給口部を装着する筒状の保持部１０を形成し、この筒状の保持部１０には補給容器を螺着するネジ部２６を内周面に形成し、更にこの筒状の保持部１０には内外を連通する切り欠き状からなる開口部１１を形成している。そして、植物栽培容器本体１内の下部の底蓋３には小孔の複数の大気導入孔４を形成し、更に下方に突出した網目状に孔を形成した筒状の灌水口５を形成している。この灌水口５の下方位置の補水槽２内に円形の凹部９を形成している。更に、植物栽培容器本体１は、補水槽２の内側壁２８に装着するため、該補水槽２の内底部２７より内側壁２８上部の高さまで外側部２９を補水槽内に一体的に装着可能な凹み２４を形成し、又補給容器より給水された水を底蓋３の下部に流入出来る通水口６を形成している。そして、該補水槽２の内側壁２８に、該植物栽培容器本体１の脚部８の挟装と、底蓋３を支持する底蓋受け台２０が形成され、該植物栽培容器本体１の脚部８全周が補水槽２内の周縁の内底部２７に装着されている。尚、図５では給水口は削除している。
【００２７】
図６は、本発明の第４実施例で、植物栽培容器本体１には、下部の外側部２９に凹み２４と、脚部８に通水口６を形成している部分の右側面図である。
本発明の第４実施例に示すように、補水槽内の補給容器設置部に筒状の保持部を形成し、該筒状の保持部に内外を連通した開口部を形成したことによって、給水された補給容器を該筒状の保持部に装着すると、補水槽内の水位低下に伴い該開口部より補給容器内は大気開放され、該開口部より補水槽内へ給水される。そして、補水槽内の水位が該開口部の上部位置になると止まる。該筒状の保持部内の水は水位低下に伴って次第に上下に分離しながら互いに表面張力を起こすが（餅を上下に引っ張ると伸びるようなさま。）、開口部の幅が狭ければ狭いほど表面張力の長さは長くなる。これは、筒状の中であることと、又、狭い幅の開口部を設けたことによって、前述したように３６０度の接触面に大気圧が作用することとは異なり、大気圧の作用も少なくなるので水位低下の長さも長くなる。したがって底蓋と水面との間の大気層の長さも長くなる。これは、上記構成によって、水位低下を利用しての大気導入孔より底蓋と水面間に大気を吸い込む作用を得る。又、補水槽内の水位上昇に伴って、該大気導入孔より表土上へ大気を放出し、この作用を繰り返すことで用土内へより一層の酸素導入を可能とした。
【００２８】
補給容器の装着は、例えば空のペットボトルや瓶や容器等を螺着可能なネジ部を内周面に形成し、開口部は孔或いは切り欠き状からなる筒状の保持部、もしくは内周面にネジ部を形成しない挿入孔を形成し、開口部は孔或いは切り欠き状からなる筒状の保持部に挿着しうるようにし、更に嵌合手段を用いたものにあっても何れも同じ作用を得る。
筒状の保持部に内外を連通する開口部を形成し該開口部の幅を狭くすることで、補給容器内への大気開放による多量の酸素供給も可能となった。
【００２９】
図７は、本発明の第５実施例を示し、略円形で底蓋３を有する植物栽培容器本体１と有底の補水槽２からなり、該補水槽２には補給容器設置部２５と、この補給容器設置部２５には補給容器の補給口部を装着する筒状の保持部１０を形成し、この筒状の保持部１０には内外を連通する切り欠き状からなる開口部１１を形成している。そして、植物栽培容器本体１内の下部の底蓋３には小孔の複数の大気導入孔４を形成し、更に下方に突出した網目状に孔を形成した筒状の灌水口５を形成している。この灌水口５の下方位置の補水槽２内には円形の凹部９を形成している。更に、植物栽培容器本体１は、補水槽２の内側壁２８に装着するため、該補水槽２の内底部２７より内側壁２８の上部の高さまで外側部２９を補水槽内に一体的に装着可能な凹み２４を形成し、又補給容器１５より給水された水を底蓋３の下部に流入出来る脚部８の通水口６と同位置に、隔壁部１２に隔壁部通水口１３を形成している。そして、該補水槽２の内側壁２８に、該植物栽培容器本体１の脚部８の挟装と、底蓋３を支持する底蓋受け台２０が形成され、該植物栽培容器本体１の脚部８全周が補水槽２内の周縁の内底部２７に装着されている。
すなわち、補水槽内に隔壁部を設け、該隔壁部に隔壁部通水口を形成したことによって、鉢底への通水を容易にするとともに、植物栽培容器本体と補水槽とを不自然さのない一体的な形状で組み合わせることができる。
尚、該底蓋受け台２０は底蓋の強度が植物栽培容器の用土や植物の重量に耐え得るものであれば削除若しくは植物栽培容器に一体形成してもよい。
【００３０】
図８は、本発明の第５実施例に示す植物栽培容器本体１には、下部の外側部２９の全周に凹み２４と、脚部８に通水口６を形成している右側面図である。
【００３１】
図９は、本発明の第５実施例の筒状の保持部１０の要部拡大図であるが、この筒状の保持部１０には補給容器１５を螺着するネジ部２６を内周面に形成し、更にこの筒状の保持部１０には内外を連通する切り欠き状からなる開口部１１を形成し、補水槽２の補給容器設置部２５に形成もしくは装着するものである。
【００３２】
図１０は、本発明の第５実施例を示す、自動灌水植物栽培容器の平面図であるが、補水槽２の補給容器設置部２５の形状は、補給容器１５の補給口部を装着する筒状の保持部１０が形成され、該筒状の保持部１０の開口部より底蓋３の下部へ給水できる形状であれば、その形状や大きさは問わない。
【００３３】
図１１は、本発明の第５実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の右側面の補水槽２の断面図であるが、植物栽培容器１の装着されている補水槽２内の内底部２７より内側壁２８の上部の高さまで隔壁部１２を形成し、該隔壁部１２の下部には補給容器１５より補水槽２内へ給水された水を植物栽培容器１の底蓋３の下部に流入出来る隔壁部通水口１３を形成している。このとき、植物栽培容器１の脚部８の同位置にも同形の通水口６を形成している。
【００３４】
図１２は、本発明の第５実施例に補給容器を装着した状態の説明をする正断面図であるが、この自動灌水植物栽培容器は略円形の底蓋３を有する植物栽培容器本体１と有底の補水槽２からなり、該補水槽２には補給容器設置部２５を設けている。この補給容器設置部２５には筒状の保持部１０が形成され補給容器１５を装着し、該筒状の保持部１０には内外を連通する切り欠き状からなる開口部１１を形成している。そして、植物栽培容器本体１内の下部の底蓋３には小孔の複数の大気導入孔４を形成し、更に下方に突出した綱目状に孔を形成した筒状の灌水口５を形成している。この灌水口５の下方位置の補水槽２内には円形の凹部９を形成している。更に、植物栽培容器本体１は、補水槽２の内側壁２８に装着するため、該補水槽２の内底部２７より内側壁２８の上部の高さまで外側部２９に凹み２４を形成し、補水槽内に一体的に装着している。又、補給容器１５より補水槽内に給水された水１４ｂを、底蓋３の下部に流入出来る脚部８に形成された通水口６と隔壁部１２に形成された隔壁部通水口１３と共に略同位置に形成している。そして、該補水槽２の内側壁２８に、該植物栽培容器本体１の脚部８を狭装し、底蓋３を支持する底蓋受け台２０が形成され、該植物栽培容器本体１の脚部８全周が補水槽２の内底部２７に装着されている。
【００３５】
さて、給水された補給容器１５を筒状の保持部１０に装着すると、開口部１１より該補給容器１５内へ大気１６ａが流入すると共に大気開放され、補給容器内に侵入した空気と略同量の水が補水槽２内に給水されるが、補水槽２内の水１４ｃは該開口部１１の略上部位置までになると大気の流入を遮断し止まる。
【００３６】
そして、該補水槽２内に植物１９の植え込まれた植物栽培容器本体１が装着されているが、該補給容器１５より給水された水１４ａは隔壁部１２に形成された隔壁部通水口１３と植物栽培容器本体１の脚部８に形成された通水口６を通り、底蓋３の下部へ流入しそして底蓋３に形成されている灌水口５内の用土１８を利用した毛細管現象にて用土１８全体に灌水される。このとき、補水槽２内では水位低下に伴い水面２１ａは水面２１ｂに低下するが、これによって大気導入孔４を通じて底蓋３と水面２１ａの間に大気層２２が出来る。この大気層２２は、該脚部８全周が水中にあるためで、表土３０上より大気１６ｂが用土１８内を通過して出来る。該隔壁部通水口１３と同位置の該通水口６の上部位置迄に表土３０上より大気１６ｂが用土１８内を通過して出来る。このような現象を作りだす要因は、脚部８全周が水中にあることと、筒状の保持部１０に開口部１１を形成していることである。この該開口部１１の幅は前述したように狭いほど水位低下の長さは長くなり、従って底蓋３と水面２１ａの間に発生する大気層２２の長さは長くなると共に用土１８内への酸素補給量も多くなる。
【００３７】
しかしここで、補水槽２内の水の全容量に対する用土１８内への酸素補給量を最大限にするためには、前記隔壁部通水口１３と脚部８の通水口６を形成せず、補水槽２の内底部２７に接している該隔壁部１２と脚部８の下に通水用の凹部３１を形成することで解消される。このとき、この目的を達成するための絶対条件としては補水槽２内の水を全量灌水する事であるので、底蓋３に形成している灌水口５は補水槽２の内底部２７の位置迄形成され、該灌水口５の下部には表面張力を起こさない程度に凹部９を形成すればよい。
【００３８】
図１３は、本発明の第６実施例を示し、自動灌水植物栽培容器は、植物栽培容器本体１の脚部８の通水口６と補水槽２内の隔壁部通水口１３を形成せず、補水槽２の内底部２７に接している該隔壁部１２と脚部８の下部に通水用凹部３１を形成している。この通水用凹部３１を形成したとき、前記脚部の下方位置の凹部は不要である。この図１３に示す構成によって、用土内へ最大限の灌水と酸素補給を可能とした自動灌水植物栽培容器を提供する事が出来、全てが自然原理を応用して、補給容器１５内と補水槽２内の水の全水量の灌水と、全容量に対する用土１８内への酸素補給を最大限にすることが可能となる。但し、補水槽内の自然蒸発を除外する。又、補水槽内の水の自然蒸発を防止するには蓋等を設ければ一層効果的である。尚、通水用凹部の大きさや形状は問うものでなく、保持部より灌水口への一方向に長い凹部を形成することも含み、この通水用凹部は補水槽の一部ともなる。
【００３９】
上記各実施例においては、毛細管現象による灌水を水で説明しているが、水に液体の肥料、発根剤、活力剤、薬剤等を適量混合して使用する場合も含まれ、又、これらを使用しての、鉢底よりの垂れ流しのような無駄はなくなる。
【００４０】
また、上記各実施例においては、植物栽培容器本体は植木鉢やプランター等で説明しているが、水耕栽培に用いられる栽培容器及び栽培施設等の全てに含まれる。なお、本発明は、上記実施例に限定されるものでない。
【００４１】
本明細書中において、「植物栽培容器本体」とは植物を育てるために用いる容器を意味し、その形状、大きさ等は問わないものであり、植木鉢、プランター等の植物栽培容器の一切が含まれる。更に、「大気導入孔」や「灌水口」、「補水槽」はその目的を果たすものであれば形状（高さ、長さも含む）や大きさ等は問わないものである。本明細書中の「形状」とは、形、ようす以外に高さや長さを含むものである。そして、「通水口」とは植物栽培容器本体の下部に流入しうる水の入り口であり、その目的を達成するものであればその形状や大ささは問わないものである。更に、本明細書中で「脚部全周を該補水槽内に設け」ることによって、補水槽内の水位低下に伴って底蓋に形成した大気導入孔を介して底蓋と水面間に大気層を作り出すが、底蓋の全周を植物栽培容器本体内で密接状態を保つ構成であれば「脚部全周を該補水槽内に設け」なくとも同様な作用効果を得ることができるので、この手段を用いることも含むものである。本明細書中「装着」とは、補給容器の補給口と保持部とを給水目的をなすように取り付けることで、螺合、嵌合、挿着等に限定されるものではない。
【００４２】
本明細書中において、「一体的」とは植物栽培容器本体と補水槽が一体もしくは組み合わされた状態で利用目的をなすことを意味し、植物栽培容器本体と底蓋も同様であり、これらの形状、大きさ等は問わない。又、脚部や脚部灌水口の形状や大きさ等も問わないものである。
【００４３】
本明細書中の「凹部」はその目的を果すものであれば形状や長さや大きさは問わないものであり、脚部から灌水口への一方向に長い凹部を形成することも含む。
【００４４】
本明細書中において、「筒状」とは横断面が円筒状、四角筒状、多角筒状等の形状と、これ等の一部を切り欠いた形状も含み大きさも問うものでない。又「開口部」とは、筒状の保持部に形成した補給容器内への大気開放と、補給容器内から補水槽内への給水を目的とした大気の入り口と給水の出口を兼用した口部であり、その目的を達するものであれば形状や大きさは問わない。更に、本明細書中の「装着保持」とは、補給容器の補給口部と保持部を給水目的をなすように取り付けることで、挿着、螺着、嵌合等に限定されるものでなく、その装着方法も問うものでない。
【００４５】
本明細書中において、「隔壁部」とは補水槽内の補給容器設置部と植物栽培容器の仕切りであり、この隔壁部の「隔壁部通水口」の大きさや形状、位置は問うものでない。
【００４６】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上説明したように構成されているので、以下に記載されるような効果を奏する。
請求項１の自動灌水植物栽培容器によれば、補水槽内に給水された水を該灌水口内の用土を利用した毛細管現象にての灌水が用土全体に行われると同時に、水位低下に伴って表土上よりの大気導入孔により底蓋と水面の間に大気層が出来、これによって、植物にとって最も大切な酸素補給が行える。そして、大気導入孔を形成したことによって、不必要な孔が減少し用土の落下も防止される。また、灌水口を形成したことによって、間接的毛細管現象と異なり紐や布等の保湿材の腐敗脱落がなくなり、植物栽培容器本体の大きさや植物の種類によって灌水口の数の増減や大きさによる灌水量の調整が出来、適量の灌水が出来る。
【００４７】
請求項２の自動灌水植物栽培容器によれば、灌水口の下方位置で補水槽に凹部を形成したことによって、灌水口を補水槽の内底部と同位置まで設けることが出来るので、該補水槽内の水を全て灌水することが出来、節水をすることが出来る。
【００４８】
請求項３の自動灌水植物栽培容器によれば、植物栽培容器本体下部の脚部に脚部灌水口を形成したことにより、前述の請求項１と同様な効果を奏する。
【００４９】
請求項４の自動灌水植物栽培容器によれば、脚部灌水口の下方位置に凹部を形成したことによって、脚部灌水口を補水槽の内底部と同位置まで設けることが出来るので、該補水槽内の水を全て灌水することが出来、節水をすることが出来る。
【００５０】
本発明の第４実施例に示すように、補水槽に補給容器設置部を設けた場合、この補給容器設置部には補給容器の補給口部を装着保持する筒状の保持部を形成し、この筒状の保持部には内外を連通する開口部を形成したことによって、開口部の幅が狭ければ狭いほど大気圧の作用も少なく表面張力の長さは長くなり、よって、水位低下の長さも長くなり底蓋と水面との間の大気層の長さも長くなる。これによって、用土内への酸素補給量も多くなり根腐れを防ぐ事が出来る。
【００５１】
更に、筒状の保持部を形成したことによって、使用済のペットボトルや瓶、容器等の利用が出来、資源の再利用に貢献する事が出来る。又、留守時や多忙時の水やり（灌水）を果たせ、更に大気開放時に補給容器内へ新鮮な酸素補給を得る。
【００５２】
本発明の第５実施例に示すように、補水槽内に隔壁部を形成し、該隔壁部には隔壁部通水口を形成した場合には、不自然さのない一体的な形状となり、又植物栽培容器本体と補水槽毎に積み重ねて梱包出来るので、輸送費の削減をはかる事が出来る。
【００５３】
本発明の第６実施例に示すように、通水口と隔壁部通水口を形成せず、補水槽の内底部に接している隔壁部や脚部の下部に通水用凹部を形成したことによって、底蓋に形成している灌水口を内底部の位置に設けることで、補給容器内と補水槽内の水の全水量を灌水する事が出来ると共に、補給容器内と補水槽内の水の全容量に対する用土内への酸素補給を最大限に行う事で、根の酸素呼吸を助け根腐れを防ぎ、病原菌の感染の機会を減少させると共に、節水に対する効果も有する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図である。
【図２】同実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の平面図。
【図３】本発明の第２実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図。
【図４】本発明の第３実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の要部断面図。
【図５】本発明の第４実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図。
【図６】同実施例を示す植物栽培容器本体の右側面図
【図７】本発明の第５実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図。
【図８】同実施例を示す植物栽培容器の右側面図。
【図９】同実施例を示す筒状の保持部の要部拡大左側面図。
【図１０】同実施例を示す平面図。
【図１１】同実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器のＡ−Ａ断面図。
【図１２】本発明の第５実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器に補給容器を装着した状態の説明をする正断面図。
【図１３】本発明の第６実施例を示す自動灌水植物栽培容器の正断面図
【符号の説明】
１．植物栽培容器本体２．補水槽３．底蓋
４．大気導入孔５．灌水口６．通水口
７．脚部灌水口８．脚部９．凹部
１０．筒状の保持部１１．開口部１２．隔壁部
１３．隔壁部通水口１４ａ．水１４ｂ．水
１４ｃ．水１５．補給容器１６ａ．大気
１６ｂ．大気１７．大気圧１８．用土
１９．植物２０．底蓋受け台２１ａ．水面
２１ｂ．水面２２．大気層２３．表土
２４．凹み２５．補給容器設置部２６．ネジ部
２７．内底部２８．内側壁２９．外側部
３０．表土３１．通水用凹部３２．給水口
３３．脚部嵌合部３４．脚部嵌合孔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  In the present invention, in irrigation from the bottom of a flower pot, planter, etc., oxygen supply to the soil most necessary for the root of the plant is performed simultaneously with irrigation (watering) by capillary action using the soil in the plant cultivation container And an automatic watering plant cultivation container that can save water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  The most important thing when growing plants such as flowering trees and wild grasses in cultivation containers such as flower pots and planters is that proper irrigation and oxygen respiration is necessary for the roots, so oxygen supply to the soil is essential. Appropriate irrigation is the required amount of irrigation corresponding to plant absorption and spontaneous evaporation. Therefore, what can cope with the kind of plant, the size of the cultivation container and the season is desirable. And in conventional irrigation from the bottom of the pot, oxygen cannot be supplied into the soil, and since it is constantly irrigated, it suffocates and causes root rot, and from the wounds caused by root rot, It increased the chances of infection and caused death from root injury. Moreover, in the thing which formed the opening in the side wall of the plant cultivation container aiming at air permeability, there existed a problem in the summer or winter.
[0003]
  Therefore, in a flower pot having a side wall and a pot bottom, a drainage hole having an inlet from the inside of the flower pot at a certain height position from the inner surface of the pot bottom of the flower pot is provided in the pot bottom or the side wall, A plant pot (No. 5-67243) in which a portion of the drainage hole located below the inflow port is a water storage part that naturally accumulates water during irrigation, and a plant growing device comprises a flower pot and a tray for the flower pot, A bottom opening is formed in the bottom plate of the flower pot, and a plurality of side openings at equal intervals in a row are formed on the peripheral wall of the flower pot at a height position of about 1/4 from the bottom plate. This device is a plant growth device (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-29355) that is used in a state where water is stored in a tray up to a position lower than the side hole formation position of the flower pot during plant growth.
[0004]
  Furthermore, in the case where the water tank is integrally provided at the lower part of the flower pot, which is conventionally used for cyclamen, etc., the flower pot is provided at the upper part of the water tank, and an indirect capillary phenomenon by a water supply string etc. from the drain hole. Water reservoirs such as pot holders, pots that are not in contact with the liquid level of the reservoir, one end side is provided in the pot soil from the bottom side of the pot, and the other end is the above There is a water supply structure (No. 3-117449) of a bowl provided with a flexible water supply string provided in the water storage body, and provided with a reinforcing material having a shape retaining property on the one end side of the water supply string. .
[0005]
  On the other hand, as an automatic irrigation device capable of automatically irrigating a flower pot, a water tank to which water is supplied up to the height of the liquid interface is provided, and a water supply tank provided with an openable / closable sealing lid is positioned higher than the liquid interface. There is an automatic water supply type planter device (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-77857) in which the lower end of the thin tube is inserted to the height of the liquid interface in the water tank and the upper end of the thin tube is connected to the bottom of the water supply tank.
[0006]
  Furthermore, a supply port for a culture solution and air is provided outside the cultivation container, and the bottom of the cultivation container has a hanging part with an appropriate shape in both the longitudinal and transverse sections, and a small hole is formed throughout the hanging part. Or, a core with a narrow groove was fitted, and the bottom of the culture solution and air supply port of the cultivation container was below the bottom surface of the core, and a tank for keeping the water level constant was combined. There is an automatic clean cultivation container (Act No. 40-4117).
[0007]
  Next, automatic water supply for horticulture with a structure in which an intake pipe and a water supply pipe are provided in the water storage tank, and an auxiliary water supply dish and a water supply dish provided with an evaporating dish and a partition plate are connected by a continuous supply pipe below the water storage layer. A container (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-171625) is known.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, in the irrigation method (hereinafter referred to as bottom irrigation) from the bottom of the automatic water supply cultivation container as described above, how can oxygen be supplied into the soil as a necessary condition for plant cultivation? In addition, there are various problems such as whether proper irrigation corresponding to the season, temperature and dryness can be performed, and in the technique of forming side openings, soil and roots are frozen in winter. .
[0009]
  And depending on the type of plant, individual soil or mixed soil is used, but for plants that prefer acidic soil, Kanuma soil is used, but because this water has poor water supply, There is a drawback that irrigation of the whole is not performed further.
[0010]
  Furthermore, in the case where a water storage tank is provided in the same flower pot as described above, when a large amount of cultured soil such as humus or beet moss is used, drainage becomes worse and root rot occurs, and oxygen into the soil is also reduced. There was a problem that it was not replenished.
[0011]
  Next, in the case of indirect capillary phenomenon using strings etc., when the strings etc. rot and fall off, the purpose of irrigation is not achieved, oxygen supply to the soil is not performed at all, and the amount of irrigation is also Since it is always constant, there is a problem that it cannot cope with the kind of plant and the dryness.
[0012]
  On the other hand, in the case of an annular (360 degree) narrow tube or intake pipe with the purpose of the air release means, when the water level in the water tank drops, the contact surface of the water surface (liquid level) of this narrow tube or intake pipe is 360 degrees. Then, surface tension is generated on the contact surface of 360 degrees. At the same time, since an atmospheric pressure of 360 degrees is applied to the contact surface causing the surface tension, the contact surface is easily broken and the length of the surface tension is shortened. This means that the length of the water level drop is shortened, and the length between the bowl bottom and the water surface is similarly shortened. This makes it difficult to form an air layer at the bottom of the bowl, which makes it difficult to supply oxygen into the soil.
[0013]
  Furthermore, when the replenishing container and the water replenishing tank are integrated, there is a problem that the structure is complicated, the cost is high, and the practicality is lacking.
[0014]
  The present invention aims to prevent root rot of plants by introducing appropriate irrigation and oxygen (atmosphere) into the soil in the bottom irrigation method using capillary action using the soil for plant cultivation containers, Automatic irrigation plant cultivation that can automatically irrigate at a low price with a simple configuration for absences and busy plant lovers while aiming to save water using empty plastic bottles, empty bottles, empty containers etc. The purpose is to provide a container.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an automatic watering plant cultivation container according to claim 1,An automatic irrigation plant cultivation container provided with a plant cultivation container body having legs of a predetermined height in a replenishing tank, and a bottom lid of the plant cultivation container body having an air introduction hole, and projecting downward from the bottom lid An irrigation port provided so that water is supplied into the plant cultivation container main body, and a water flow port provided so that water stored in the rehydration tank flows below the leg part, The entire circumference of the leg portion provided to extend downward from the outer periphery of the plant cultivation container main body is formed integrally with the water reserving tank so that an air layer is generated below the bottom lid as the water level decreases. The air layer is formed between the bottom lid and the water surface by allowing the air to pass through the air introduction hole from the surface of the soil piled on the plant cultivation container body..
[0016]
  The automatic watering plant cultivation container according to claim 2A concave portion is formed in the replenishing tank at a position below at least one of the irrigation port and the water flow port.
[0017]
  The automatic watering plant cultivation container of claim 3An automatic irrigation plant cultivation container provided with a plant cultivation container main body having legs of a predetermined height in the rehydration tank, and a bottom lid of the plant cultivation container main body having an air introduction hole, and below the legs, A leg irrigation port provided so that water is supplied into the plant cultivation container main body, and a water flow port provided so that water stored in the replenishing tank flows in, as the water level decreases, Forming the entire circumference of the leg portion extending downward from the outer periphery of the plant cultivation container body so as to form an air layer below the bottom lid, integrally with the water replenishing tank, the air layer is The air is formed between the bottom lid and the water surface by allowing the air to pass through the air introduction hole from the surface of the soil piled on the plant cultivation container body..
[0018]
  The automatic watering plant cultivation container according to claim 4A concave portion is formed in the water reserving tank at a position below at least one of the leg irrigation port and the water flow port..
[0019]
  Configure an automatic watering plant cultivation container as described aboveThus, when water is supplied up to the bottom lid of the plant cultivation container in the water reserving tank, the entire circumference of the legs and the irrigation port are in water. The water level in the replenishing tank is lowered by irrigation by capillary action using the soil from the irrigation port, but at this time, an air layer is formed between the bottom lid and the water surface. Since the entire circumference of the leg is in water, the atmosphere does not enter from the water, and the atmosphere is introduced into the atmosphere from the topsoil of the plant cultivation container, and oxygen is supplied into the soil.
[0020]
  And, by forming a recess in the lower position of the irrigation port or the leg irrigation port, each of these irrigation ports can be provided to the same position as the inner bottom of the replenishing tank, and all the supplied water is irrigated Made it possible.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an automatic watering plant cultivation container showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the automatic watering plant cultivation container showing the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an automatic watering system showing the second embodiment. Front sectional view of the plant cultivation container, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the main part of the automatic watering plant cultivation container showing a part of the third embodiment,
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of an automatic watering plant cultivation container showing the fourth embodiment, and FIG.samePlant cultivation container showing examplesBodyofright sideFigure 75FIG. 8 is a right cross-sectional view of an automatic watering plant cultivation container showing the embodiment, FIG. 8 is a right side view of the plant cultivation container showing the embodiment, and FIG.sameExamples are shownEnlarged left side of the main part of the cylindrical holding partFIG. 10 shows the same embodiment.flatFIG. 11 shows the same embodiment.AA interruption of automatic watering plant cultivation containerFig. 125Examples are shownRegular decision to explain the state that the replenishing container is attached to the automatic watering plant cultivation containerPlan view. FIG.6thExamples of automatic irrigation plant cultivation containerPositiveSectional drawing.
[0022]
  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. The automatic watering plant cultivation container of FIG. 1 integrally forms a bottomed water-retaining tank 2 on a substantially circular plant cultivation container body 1 having a bottom lid 3. A bottom lid 3 integrally formed with a cylindrical irrigation port 5 in which a hole is formed in a protruding mesh shape and a plurality of small air introduction holes 4 is placed on a bottom lid cradle 20 formed in the water reserving tank 2. However, the bottom lid cradle 20 may be integrally formed with the bottom lid 3 or may be integrally formed with the leg portion 8 in the plant cultivation container body 1. A notch-shaped water inlet 6 through which water in the rehydration tank 2 can flow is formed in the leg 8 at the bottom of the bottom lid 3 of the plant cultivation container 2, and the entire circumference of the leg 8 is in the rehydration tank 2. It is the structure formed integrally. With this configuration, water supplied into the replenishing tank 2 flows into the lower portion of the bottom lid 3 from the water inlet 6 and is further irrigated above the soil 18 by capillary action using the soil from the irrigation port 5. The water level between the bottom lid 3 and the water surface is lowered. At this time, since the entire circumference of the leg 8, the irrigation port 5 and the water flow port 6 are in water, the bottom lid 3 passes through the atmosphere introduction hole 4 from the top soil as the water level falls. An air layer is formed between the water surface. By this action, oxygen is replenished in the soil. In addition, the “bottom lid cradle” in this specification means that the bottom lid is stably provided in the bottom of the pot or the water reserving tank, and a side wall-like shape that extends below the outer periphery of the bottom lid is also included. However, as long as this purpose is achieved, the shape, configuration, and size are not limited.
[0023]
  FIG. 2 is a plan view of the plant cultivation container body 1 showing the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0024]
  FIG. 3 shows a substantially circular plant cultivation container body 1 integrally formed with a bottom lid 3 and a leg fitting part 33, a leg fitting hole 34, and a water supply port 32, showing a second embodiment of the present invention. The bottomed cylindrical water replenishing tank 2 is integrally formed, and the plant cultivation container body 1 has a plurality of leg irrigation ports 7 having a mesh-like hole formed in a part of the inner bottom surface of the leg 8 and a plurality of small holes. Are formed in the bottom lid 3, and a water inlet 6 is formed in a part of the leg 8 so that water supplied into the water reserving tank 2 can flow into the bottom of the bottom lid 3.
[0025]
  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a part of the third embodiment of the present invention. The concave portion 9 is formed in the water replenishing tank 2 below the cylindrical irrigation port 5 formed in the bottom cover 3. Formed. The concave portion 9 is formed in order to irrigate all the water in the replenishing tank 2 by utilizing capillary action. For this purpose, the irrigation port 5 is located at the same position or at the same position as the bottom surface 24 of the replenishing tank 2. Although it is necessary to make the following, surface tension is generated in all the holes of the irrigation port 5 and smooth irrigation cannot be performed. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an interval that can prevent this surface tension. Therefore, a recess 9 larger than the diameter of the irrigation port 5 was formed on the inner bottom surface 24 of the rehydration tank 2 below the irrigation port 5. Although the depth of the recessed part from the irrigation port 5 needs to be about 1.5 mm or more, this depth is not limited. Further, the entire circumference of the leg portion 8 is provided in the water replenishing tank 2.
[0026]
  Figure5Of the present invention4The plant cultivation container body 1 having a substantially circular shape having a bottom lid 3 and a bottomed water replenishing tank 2 and a water replenishing tank 2 are provided with a replenishing container setting portion 25. The replenishing container setting part 25 is formed with a cylindrical holding part 10 for mounting a replenishing container replenishing port part. The cylindrical holding part 10 has a screw part 26 for screwing the replenishing container on the inner peripheral surface. Further, the cylindrical holding portion 10 is formed with an opening 11 having a notch shape that communicates the inside and the outside. Then, a plurality of small air introduction holes 4 are formed in the bottom lid 3 in the lower part of the plant cultivation container body 1, and a cylindrical irrigation port 5 having a mesh-like hole projecting downward is formed. ing. A circular recess 9 is formed in the refill tank 2 below the irrigation port 5. Furthermore, since the plant cultivation container main body 1 is attached to the inner wall 28 of the water replenishing tank 2, the outer portion 29 can be integrally attached to the height of the upper part of the inner wall 28 from the inner bottom 27 of the water replenishing tank 2. A recess 24 is formed, and a water inlet 6 is formed through which water supplied from the supply container can flow into the lower portion of the bottom lid 3. And the sandwiching of the leg part 8 of this plant cultivation container main body 1 and the bottom cover stand 20 which supports the bottom cover 3 are formed in the inner side wall 28 of this rehydration tank 2, The leg of this plant cultivation container main body 1 is formed. The entire circumference of the portion 8 is attached to the inner bottom portion 27 at the peripheral edge in the water reserving tank 2. In FIG. 5, the water inlet is deleted.
[0027]
  Figure6Of the present invention4In an Example, the plant cultivation container main body 1 is the right view of the part which has formed the dent 24 in the lower outer side part 29, and the water flow port 6 in the leg part 8. FIG.
  As shown in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, a cylindrical holding portion is formed in the replenishing container installation portion in the replenishing tank, and an opening that communicates the inside and the outside is formed in the cylindrical holding portion. When the supplied replenishing container is mounted on the cylindrical holding part, the inside of the replenishing container is opened to the atmosphere through the opening as the water level in the replenishing tank decreases, and water is supplied from the opening to the replenishing tank. And it stops when the water level in the water refilling tank reaches the upper position of the opening. The water in the cylindrical holding part causes surface tension with each other while gradually separating up and down as the water level drops (as if it stretches when the ridge is pulled up and down), but the narrower the opening is, the narrower it is The length of the surface tension becomes longer. This is different from the fact that the atmospheric pressure acts on the contact surface of 360 degrees as described above due to the fact that it is in the cylindrical shape and that the opening of the narrow width is provided. Since it decreases, the length of water level drop also increases. Therefore, the length of the atmospheric layer between the bottom cover and the water surface is also increased. This obtains the effect of sucking the air between the bottom cover and the water surface from the air introduction hole using the water level drop by the above configuration. In addition, as the water level in the replenishing tank rises, the atmosphere is released from the atmosphere introduction hole onto the topsoil, and by repeating this action, further oxygen can be introduced into the soil.
[0028]
  The replenishment container is mounted by, for example, forming a screw part on the inner peripheral surface to which an empty plastic bottle, bottle, container, or the like can be screwed, and the opening part is a cylindrical holding part having a hole or a notch shape, or the inner periphery. An insertion hole that does not form a screw part is formed on the surface, and the opening part can be inserted into a cylindrical holding part made of a hole or a notch. Get the same effect.
By forming an opening communicating with the inside and outside of the cylindrical holding portion and narrowing the width of the opening, a large amount of oxygen can be supplied to the replenishing container by opening the atmosphere.
[0029]
  Figure7Of the present invention5The embodiment is composed of a plant cultivation container main body 1 having a substantially circular shape and a bottom lid 3 and a bottomed water replenishing tank 2. A cylindrical holding portion 10 for mounting the replenishing port portion of the container is formed, and the cylindrical holding portion 10 is formed with a notch-shaped opening portion 11 communicating with the inside and the outside. Then, a plurality of small air introduction holes 4 are formed in the bottom lid 3 in the lower part of the plant cultivation container body 1, and a cylindrical irrigation port 5 having a mesh-like hole projecting downward is formed. ing. A circular recess 9 is formed in the water refill tank 2 below the irrigation port 5. Furthermore, since the plant cultivation container body 1 is mounted on the inner wall 28 of the water replenishing tank 2, the outer portion 29 is integrally mounted in the water reserving tank from the inner bottom 27 of the water reserving tank 2 to the height above the inner wall 28. A possible recess 24 is formed, and a partition wall water inlet 13 is formed in the partition wall 12 at the same position as the water inlet 6 of the leg 8 through which water supplied from the supply container 15 can flow into the lower part of the bottom lid 3. ing. And the sandwiching of the leg part 8 of this plant cultivation container main body 1 and the bottom cover stand 20 which supports the bottom cover 3 are formed in the inner side wall 28 of this rehydration tank 2, The leg of this plant cultivation container main body 1 is formed. The entire circumference of the portion 8 is attached to the inner bottom portion 27 at the peripheral edge in the water reserving tank 2.
  That is, by providing a partition wall in the water reserving tank and forming a partition wall water inlet in the partition wall, water flow to the bottom of the pot is facilitated, and the plant cultivation container body and the water reserving tank are made unnatural. Can be combined with no integral shape.
  The bottom lid cradle 20 may be deleted or integrally formed with the plant cultivation container as long as the strength of the bottom lid can withstand the soil of the plant cultivation container and the weight of the plant.
[0030]
  Figure8Of the present invention5The plant cultivation container main body 1 shown in the embodiment is a right side view in which a recess 24 is formed in the entire circumference of the lower outer portion 29 and a water inlet 6 is formed in the leg portion 8.
[0031]
  Figure9Of the present invention5FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main portion of the cylindrical holding portion 10 of the embodiment. The cylindrical holding portion 10 is formed with a screw portion 26 to which the replenishing container 15 is screwed on the inner peripheral surface. The holding part 10 is formed with an opening 11 having a notch shape that communicates the inside and the outside, and is formed or attached to the replenishing container setting part 25 of the replenishing tank 2.
[0032]
  FIG. 10 shows the first aspect of the present invention.5Although it is a top view of the automatic irrigation plant cultivation container which shows an example, the shape of the replenishment container installation part 25 of the rehydration tank 2 is formed with the cylindrical holding part 10 to which the replenishment port part of the replenishment container 15 is attached, The shape and size of the cylindrical holding portion 10 are not limited as long as the water can be supplied from the opening of the cylindrical holding portion 10 to the lower portion of the bottom lid 3.
[0033]
  Figure11Of the present invention5It is sectional drawing of the rehydration tank 2 of the right side surface of the automatic watering plant cultivation container which shows an Example, but is a partition from the inner bottom part 27 in the replenishment tank 2 with which the plant cultivation container 1 is mounted to the height of the upper part of the inner wall 28 A partition wall water inlet 13 is formed in the lower part of the partition wall 12 so that the water supplied from the replenishing container 15 into the water reserving tank 2 can flow into the lower part of the bottom lid 3 of the plant cultivation container 1. Yes. At this time, the water outlet 6 having the same shape is also formed at the same position of the leg portion 8 of the plant cultivation container 1.
[0034]
  Figure12Of the present invention5Although it is a front sectional view illustrating the state in which the replenishing container is attached to the embodiment, this automatic watering plant cultivation container is composed of a plant cultivation container main body 1 having a substantially circular bottom lid 3 and a bottomed water replenishing tank 2, The replenishment tank 2 is provided with a replenishment container installation unit 25. A cylindrical holding portion 10 is formed in the replenishing container setting portion 25 and a replenishing container 15 is mounted. The cylindrical holding portion 10 has an opening 11 having a notch shape that communicates the inside and the outside. . Then, a plurality of small air introduction holes 4 are formed in the bottom lid 3 in the lower part of the plant cultivation container body 1, and a cylindrical irrigation port 5 having holes formed in a mesh shape protruding downward is formed. ing. A circular recess 9 is formed in the water refill tank 2 below the irrigation port 5. Further, since the plant cultivation container body 1 is attached to the inner wall 28 of the refill tank 2, a recess 24 is formed in the outer portion 29 from the inner bottom 27 of the refill tank 2 to the height above the inner wall 28. It is mounted integrally inside. Further, the water 14b supplied from the replenishing container 15 into the water replenishing tank is substantially together with the water inlet 6 formed in the leg portion 8 that can flow into the lower portion of the bottom lid 3 and the partition wall water inlet 13 formed in the partition wall portion 12. They are formed at the same position. And the leg part 8 of this plant cultivation container main body 1 is narrowly provided in the inner wall 28 of this water reserving tank 2, and the bottom cover stand 20 which supports the bottom cover 3 is formed, The leg of this plant cultivation container main body 1 is formed. The entire circumference of the portion 8 is attached to the inner bottom portion 27 of the water replenishing tank 2.
[0035]
  Now, when the supplied replenishing container 15 is attached to the cylindrical holding part 10, the atmosphere 16a flows into the replenishing container 15 from the opening 11 and is released to the atmosphere, and is approximately the same amount as the air that has entered the replenishing container. However, when the water 14c in the water replenishing tank 2 reaches a position substantially above the opening 11, the inflow of air is stopped.
[0036]
  And the plant cultivation container main body 1 in which the plant 19 is planted is installed in the replenishing tank 2, but the water 14 a supplied from the replenishing container 15 is the partition wall water inlet 13 formed in the partition wall 12. And through the water inlet 6 formed in the leg portion 8 of the plant cultivation container main body 1, into the lower portion of the bottom lid 3, and to the capillary phenomenon using the soil 18 in the irrigation mouth 5 formed in the bottom lid 3. The entire soil 18 is irrigated. At this time, the water surface 21a is lowered to the water surface 21b as the water level is lowered in the water replenishing tank 2, whereby an air layer 22 is formed between the bottom lid 3 and the water surface 21a through the air introduction hole 4. The atmosphere layer 22 is formed by the atmosphere 16b passing through the soil 18 from the top soil 30 because the entire circumference of the leg portion 8 is in water. The atmosphere 16b passes through the soil 18 from the top soil 30 up to the upper position of the water inlet 6 at the same position as the partition wall water inlet 13. Factors that create such a phenomenon are that the entire circumference of the leg 8 is underwater and that the opening 11 is formed in the cylindrical holding part 10. As described above, the narrower the width of the opening 11 is, the longer the lowering of the water level is. Therefore, the length of the atmospheric layer 22 generated between the bottom lid 3 and the water surface 21a is increased and the length of the air layer 22 into the soil 18 is increased. The amount of supplemental oxygen increases.
[0037]
  However, here, in order to maximize the oxygen replenishment amount in the soil 18 with respect to the total capacity of the water in the replenishing tank 2, the partition wall water inlet 13 and the water inlet 6 of the leg 8 are not formed, This is solved by forming a recessed portion 31 for water passage under the partition wall portion 12 and the leg portion 8 that are in contact with the inner bottom portion 27 of the water replenishing tank 2. At this time, since the absolute condition for achieving this purpose is to irrigate the entire amount of water in the refill tank 2, the irrigation port 5 formed in the bottom lid 3 is positioned at the inner bottom 27 of the refill tank 2. The recess 9 may be formed in the lower part of the irrigation port 5 to the extent that no surface tension is caused.
[0038]
  Figure13Of the present invention6An example shows an automatic irrigation plant cultivation container which does not form the water inlet 6 of the leg part 8 of the plant cultivation container main body 1 and the partition wall water inlet 13 in the water replenishment tank 2, and is in contact with the inner bottom 27 of the water replenishment tank 2. A recessed portion 31 for water passage is formed in the lower portion of the partition wall portion 12 and the leg portion 8. This water passage recess31When the is formed, the concave portion below the leg portion is unnecessary. This figure13With the configuration shown in Fig. 1, it is possible to provide an automatic watering plant cultivation container that enables maximum irrigation and oxygen replenishment into the soil, all applying the natural principle, in the replenishing container 15 and the replenishing tank 2 It becomes possible to maximize the irrigation of the total amount of water and the oxygen supply into the soil 18 for the entire capacity. However, natural evaporation in the replenishing tank is excluded. In addition, it is more effective to provide a lid or the like to prevent natural evaporation of water in the refill tank. still,The size and shape of the recessed portion for water flow are not limited, and it includes forming a recessed portion that is long in one direction from the holding portion to the irrigation port, and this recessed portion for water flow is also a part of the water reserving tank..
[0039]
  In each of the above embodiments, irrigation by capillary action is described with water, but also includes the case where an appropriate amount of liquid fertilizer, rooting agent, vital agent, drug, etc. is mixed with water and used. There is no waste like dripping from the bottom of the bowl.
[0040]
  Moreover, in each said Example, although the plant cultivation container main body is demonstrated with the flower pot, the planter, etc., it is contained in all the cultivation containers, cultivation facilities, etc. which are used for hydroponics. In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example.
[0041]
  In this specification, “plant cultivation container body” means a container used for growing plants, and its shape, size, etc. are not limited, and all plant cultivation containers such as flower pots and planters are included. It is. Further, the “atmospheric introduction hole”, “irrigation port”, and “water replenishment tank” may be of any shape (including height and length) and size as long as they fulfill their purposes. “Shape” in this specification includes height and length in addition to shape and shape. The “water inlet” is an inlet of water that can flow into the lower part of the plant cultivation container body, and any shape or size can be used as long as the purpose is achieved. Further, in the present specification, by “providing the entire circumference of the leg in the water reserving tank”, an air introduction hole formed in the bottom cover with a drop in the water level in the water reserving tank may be used between the bottom cover and the water surface. Although the atmosphere layer is created, the same action and effect can be obtained even if the entire circumference of the bottom lid is kept in close contact with the plant cultivation container body without having to provide the entire circumference of the legs in the rehydration tank. Therefore, the use of this means is also included. “Mounting” in the present specification is not limited to screwing, fitting, insertion, and the like by attaching the replenishing port and the holding portion of the replenishing container so as to have a water supply purpose..
[0042]
  In this specification, “integral” means that the plant cultivation container main body and the water reserving tank are used together or combined, and the plant cultivation container main body and the bottom lid are the same. These shapes and sizes are not limited. In addition, the shape and size of the leg and leg irrigation port are not questioned..
[0043]
  The “concave portion” in the present specification is not limited in shape, length and size as long as it fulfills its purpose, and includes formation of a long concave portion from the leg portion to the irrigation port in one direction.
[0044]
  In this specification, the term “cylindrical shape” does not ask for the size including the shape of a cross section of a cylinder, a square tube, a polygonal tube or the like, and a shape obtained by cutting out a part of these. The "opening" is an opening that serves as both an air inlet and a water supply outlet for the purpose of releasing the atmosphere into the replenishing container formed in the cylindrical holding part and supplying water from the replenishing container to the replenishing tank. The shape and size are not particularly limited as long as the purpose is achieved. Further, the “mounting and holding” in the present specification is not limited to insertion, screwing, fitting, etc. by attaching the replenishing port portion and holding portion of the replenishing container so as to serve water supply purposes. , How to wear it.
[0045]
  In this specification, the “partition wall part” is a partition between the replenishment container installation part and the plant cultivation container in the water reserving tank, and the size, shape and position of the “partition wall water inlet” of this partition part are not questioned..
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
  According to the automatic irrigation plant cultivation container of claim 1, irrigation by capillary action using the soil in the irrigation port is performed on the entire soil with water supplied to the water replenishing tank, and at the same time as the water level decreases. An atmospheric layer is formed between the bottom lid and the water surface by the air introduction hole from the topsoil, and this makes it possible to supply oxygen, which is most important for plants. And by forming the air introduction holes, unnecessary holes are reduced and the soil is prevented from falling. In addition, by forming the irrigation port, unlike the indirect capillary phenomenon, the humectant such as string and cloth does not fall off, and depending on the size of the plant cultivation container body and the type of plant, the number of irrigation ports increases or decreases The amount of irrigation can be adjusted and an appropriate amount of irrigation can be achieved.
[0047]
  According to the automatic watering plant cultivation container of claim 2,By forming a recess in the replenishing tank at a position below the irrigation port, the irrigation port can be provided up to the same position as the inner bottom of the rehydration tank. I can do it.
[0048]
  According to the automatic watering plant cultivation container of claim 3,By forming the leg irrigation port in the leg part at the lower part of the plant cultivation container main body, the same effect as in the first aspect can be obtained.
[0049]
  According to the automatic watering plant cultivation container of claim 4,By forming a recess in the lower position of the leg irrigation port, the leg irrigation port can be provided up to the same position as the inner bottom of the water replenishing tank. You can
[0050]
  As shown in the fourth embodiment of the present invention,Water tankInSupply container installation sectionIfIn this replenishing container installation part, a cylindrical holding part for mounting and holding a replenishing port part of the replenishing container is formed, and an opening part communicating with the inside and the outside is formed in this cylindrical holding part. The narrower the width, the less the effect of atmospheric pressure and the longer the surface tension, and thus the longer the water level drop and the longer the air layer between the bottom lid and the water surface. This increases the amount of oxygen supplied to the soil and prevents root rot.
[0051]
  Furthermore, by forming the cylindrical holding portion, it is possible to use used plastic bottles, bottles, containers, and the like, which can contribute to the reuse of resources. In addition, it can perform watering (irrigation) when it is away or when it is busy, and when the atmosphere is released, fresh oxygen is supplied into the supply container.
[0052]
  As shown in the fifth embodiment of the present invention,A partition wall was formed in the refill tank, and a partition wall water inlet was formed in the partition wall.in case of,Since it has an integrated shape with no unnaturalness, and can be stacked and packed for each plant cultivation container main body and replenishment tank, transportation costs can be reduced.
[0053]
  As shown in the sixth embodiment of the present invention,The irrigation port formed in the bottom lid is formed by forming the water flow recess and the partition wall in contact with the inner bottom of the refill tank and the recess for water flow in the lower part of the leg without forming the water flow and the partition. By installing it at the bottom position, it is possible to irrigate the total amount of water in the replenishment container and the replenishment tank, and to maximize the oxygen replenishment in the soil with respect to the total volume of water in the replenishment container and the replenishment tank By doing so, it helps oxygen respiration in the root, prevents root rot, reduces the chance of infection with pathogenic bacteria, and also has an effect on water saving.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an automatic watering plant cultivation container according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an automatic watering plant cultivation container showing the same embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of an automatic watering plant cultivation container according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of an automatic watering plant cultivation container showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of an automatic watering plant cultivation container according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[Fig. 6]ExampleShowing the plant cultivation container bodyright sideFigure
FIG. 7 shows the first of the present invention.5The front sectional view of the automatic watering plant cultivation container which shows an example.
FIG. 8 is a right side view of the plant cultivation container showing the embodiment.
FIG. 9sameExamples are shownEnlarged left side of the main part of the cylindrical holding partPlan view.
FIG. 10 shows the same embodiment.flatPlan view.
FIG. 11 shows the same embodiment.AA interruption of automatic watering plant cultivation containerPlan view.
FIG.Of the present inventionFirst5Examples are shownRegular decision to explain the state that the replenishing container is attached to the automatic watering plant cultivation containerPlan view.
FIG. 136th of this inventionExamples of automatic irrigation plant cultivation containerPositiveCross section
[Explanation of symbols]
1. 1. Plant cultivation container body 2. Water tank Bottom lid
4). 4. Air introduction hole Irrigation port 6. Water outlet
7. 7. Leg irrigation port Leg 9. Recess
10. 11. cylindrical holding part Opening 12. Bulkhead
13. Partition wall water inlet 14a. Water 14b. water
14c. Water 15. Supply container 16a. atmosphere
16b. Atmosphere 17. Atmospheric pressure 18. Soil
19. Plant 20. Bottom lid cradle 21a. Water surface
21b. Water surface 22. Atmosphere layer 23. Topsoil
24. Dent 25. Supply container installation section 26. Screw part
27. Inner bottom part 28. Inner wall 29. Outside
30. Topsoil 31. Concave portion for water passage 32. Water supply
33. Leg fitting part 34. Leg fitting hole

Claims

An automatic irrigation plant cultivation container provided with a plant cultivation container body having legs of a predetermined height in a rehydration tank ,
A bottom lid of the plant cultivation container body having an air introduction hole, an irrigation port provided so that water is supplied into the plant cultivation container body by projecting downward from the bottom lid, and below the legs A water inlet provided so that the water stored in the replenishing tank flows in,
The entire circumference of the leg portion provided to extend downward from the outer periphery of the plant cultivation container main body is formed integrally with the water reserving tank so that an air layer is generated below the bottom lid as the water level decreases. The air layer is formed between the bottom lid and the water surface by allowing air to pass through the air introduction hole from the surface of the soil piled up in the plant cultivation container main body. Plant cultivation container.

2. The automatic watering plant cultivation container according to claim 1 , wherein a concave portion is formed in the replenishing tank at a position below at least one of the irrigation port and the water flow port .

An automatic irrigation plant cultivation container provided with a plant cultivation container body having legs of a predetermined height in a rehydration tank ,
A bottom irrigation opening provided in the bottom cover of the plant cultivation container main body having an air introduction hole and the lower part of the leg so that water is supplied into the plant cultivation container main body and the water reserving tank. A water inlet provided for water to flow in,
The entire circumference of the leg portion provided to extend downward from the outer periphery of the plant cultivation container main body is formed integrally with the water reserving tank so that an air layer is generated below the bottom lid as the water level decreases. The air layer is formed between the bottom lid and the water surface by allowing air to pass through the air introduction hole from the surface of the soil piled up in the plant cultivation container main body. Plant cultivation container.

The automatic watering plant cultivation container according to claim 3 , wherein a concave portion is formed in the water reserving tank at a position below at least one of the leg irrigation port and the water flow port .