JP3978179B2 - ネスチンを発現する毛包幹細胞 - Google Patents
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Description
本出願は米国特許法第119条(e)項に基づいて、2001年9月20日提出の米国仮出願第60/323,963号に対して優先権を主張するが、その内容は、参考として本明細書に含まれるものとする。
ある態様において、本発明は、分離された毛包幹細胞に関する。毛包細胞はネスチンのような、中枢神経前駆細胞に関するマーカーを発現することが明らかになっている。したがって、本発明のある態様において、こうした毛包細胞はマーカーであるネスチンの発現に基づいて分離される。
ネスチンは、中枢神経系(CNS)前駆細胞および神経上皮幹細胞のマーカーとなる中間径フィラメント(IF)遺伝子である(Lendahl,U.ら、Cell (1990) 60:585-596)。ネスチン第2イントロンエンハンサーの制御のもとで強い緑色蛍光タンパク質(EGFP)を有するネスチン-EGFPトランスジェニックマウスを、CNS幹細胞の自己再生および多能性を研究し、可視化するために使用した(Lendahl, U.ら、(上記); Zimmerman,L.ら、Neuron (1994) 12:11-24; およびKawaguchi,A., Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (2001) 259-273)。
ネスチン発現細胞の存在する場所が毛周期に左右されることが観察された。このようなネスチン-GFP発現細胞が毛包の発達とどのように関係するのかを明らかにするために、休止期の7-8週齢マウスを脱毛によって成長期に誘導した。脱毛の直前(休止期)、ならびに脱毛後1, 2, 3, 4 および 5日(初期成長期)、8および10日(中期成長期)、15および16日(後期成長期)、ならびに19および20日(退行期)に、皮膚試料(5×5 mm2)を背部の皮膚から切除した。上記のように、休止期には、毛包のネスチン発現細胞は、上部の変化しないバルジ領域にのみ存在する。新たな毛周期を引き起こすと、成長期の毛包が成長し始めた。脱毛の2-3日後、ネスチン-GFP発現細胞から直接増殖した新しいネスチン発現毛包細胞は、バルジに存在した。毛周期が中期および後期成長期となると、ネスチン発現毛包細胞は、外毛根鞘の上部3分の2に特異的に存在し、毛包もしくは毛球の下3分の1には発現しない。ネスチン発現外毛根鞘細胞は全成長期および退行期の間、可視化される。退行期に、毛球マトリクス細胞が退行と変性を受けるとき、外毛根鞘のネスチンGFP発現細胞は残存するが、その後、毛包の縮小につれて減少し、新たな休止期の時期までに最終的にはバルジにのみ見いだされる(図3)。
上記のネスチン-GFP発現毛包幹細胞の特性をさらに明らかにするために、ネスチン(1:80, Rat401, DSHB, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA);GFP(1:100, Boehringer Mannheim);ケラチン5/8(1:250, Chemico International, Temecula, CA);およびケラチン15、毛包幹細胞のマーカーとなりうるものの1つ(1:100, Chemico International, Temecula, CA)の共存を、パラフィン包埋野生型C57B16およびネスチン-GFPトランスジェニックマウス皮膚で免疫組織化学的に判定した。DAKO ARK動物研究キット、またはDAKO EnVision Doublestain Systemを、色素原DAB (3, 3-ジアミノベンジジン)もしくはヌクレアファストレッドと共に、免疫組織化学染色に使用した。免疫組織化学染色の結果(図4)、ネスチン、GFP、ならびにケラチン5/8およびケラチン15が毛包バルジ細胞、外毛根鞘細胞および皮脂腺の基底細胞に共存することが明らかになった。これらのデータはさらに、毛包バルジのネスチン-GFP発現細胞が毛包幹細胞であることを実証した。
上記のネスチン-GFP発現毛包細胞が多能性幹細胞であるかどうかを詳細に確認するために、毛包バルジネスチン-GFP発現幹細胞を分離し、in vitroで培養した。休止期のネスチン-GFP発現トランスジェニックマウス皮膚試料を切除して、細かく刻んだ。次にその細かく切った組織を、トリプシン(0.25%)、コラゲナーゼ(0.4%)およびディスパーゼ(1.0%)混合物で、37℃にて2時間、消化した。バルジ領域にネスチン-GFP発現細胞を有する個々の毛包を、蛍光光学装置付きの解剖顕微鏡下で分離した。つぎに、毛包のバルジ領域にあるネスチン-GFP発現細胞を、蛍光解剖顕微鏡下で、細いシリンジによってさらに分離した。
毛包のバルジ領域から得られたネスチン-GFP発現細胞を、増殖因子を補充せずにM21培地に移したが、この培地は、ニューロスフェアを培養する代表的な神経維持培地である(Uchida,N.ら、Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2000) 97:14720-14725)。12日後、ニューロスフェア様コロニーが現れた。別の実験では、毛包バルジ領域から分離されたネスチン-GFP発現細胞を、メチルセルロース(1.2%)含有神経幹細胞培地で、上皮成長因子(EGF)(20 ng/ml)、繊維芽細胞増殖因子(FGF)(20 ng/ml)、および白血病抑制因子(Lif)(10 ng/ml)を2日ごとに補充して、10細胞個/mm2で培養した。培地中にスフェアが出現したら、これを、メチルセルロースを含まない新プレートに移した。初発のスフェアから二次的なスフェアも生成した。次にスフェアの分化能をアッセイした。
ポリオルニチン/ラミニンをコートしたプレート上にスフェアを蒔き、ウシ胎仔血清(FBS)(5%)、脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)(10 ng/ml)、血小板由来成長因子(PDGF)(10 ng/ml)および毛様体神経栄養因子(CNTF)(10 ng/ml)のそれぞれの存在下で、ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(DMEM)-12で培養した。次に、細胞を、ニューロン用マーカー (β-III チューブリン, 1:500, Promega); 星状膠細胞用マーカー(GFAP, 1:300, Sigma); 平滑筋細胞用マーカー (SMA, 1:300, Sigma); およびケラチン生成細胞用マーカー (Pan-keratin, 1:100, Sigma)による免疫化学的染色によって分析した。脂肪細胞は、視覚による観察によって判定された(図6)。
Claims (4)
- ネスチンを産生する毛包幹細胞を分離するための方法であって、
毛周期の休止期又は初期成長期段階にある個々の毛包を解剖顕微鏡下に置く工程、
ここで該毛胞は、ネスチンエンハンサーの制御のもとで蛍光タンパク質を産生するヒトを除くトランスジェニック哺乳動物から得られ、
解剖顕微鏡モニタリングを使用して、該細胞を細かいシリンジに引き込むことにより、蛍光タンパク質を産生する毛包のバルジ領域から細胞を分離する工程、
を含む方法。 - 該毛包が休止期にある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 分化した細胞を生成するために培地中で該分離した毛包幹細胞を培養することをさらに
含んでなる、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。 - 前記培地がFBS、 BDNF、 PDGF もしくはCNTFを含んでなる、請求項3に記載の方法。
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PCT/US2002/030027 WO2003024406A2 (en) | 2001-09-20 | 2002-09-20 | Nestin-expressing hair follicle stem cells |
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CN100420739C (zh) * | 2001-09-20 | 2008-09-24 | 抗癌公司 | 表达巢蛋白的毛囊干细胞 |
DE10224982A1 (de) * | 2002-06-05 | 2003-12-24 | Rolf Hoffmann | Mesenchymale Stammzellen des Haarfollikels und deren Verwendung |
DE602004023635D1 (de) * | 2003-10-28 | 2009-11-26 | Anticancer Inc | Angiogenesemodelle, wobei nestin-exprimierende stammzellen für das imaging von in bildung begriffenen blutgefässen verwendet werden |
EP1718732B1 (en) * | 2004-01-27 | 2013-10-30 | The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute | Methods of making and using skin-derived stem cells |
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US5556783A (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1996-09-17 | Trustees Of Univ. Of Penna | Methods of culturing and modulating the growth of hair follicular stem cells |
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CN1589103A (zh) | 2005-03-02 |
CN101407785A (zh) | 2009-04-15 |
CA2460985A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
ATE534728T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
JP2005502377A (ja) | 2005-01-27 |
KR100973424B1 (ko) | 2010-08-03 |
JP2007267739A (ja) | 2007-10-18 |
EP2287290A2 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
JP4810557B2 (ja) | 2011-11-09 |
US20100159589A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
JP2011067216A (ja) | 2011-04-07 |
KR20120112887A (ko) | 2012-10-11 |
CA2460985C (en) | 2016-01-05 |
JP2009039125A (ja) | 2009-02-26 |
AU2002336742B2 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
CN101407785B (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
EP1435787B1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
EP2287290A3 (en) | 2011-06-01 |
US8481318B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 |
EP1435787A2 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
CN100420739C (zh) | 2008-09-24 |
WO2003024406A3 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
KR101204188B1 (ko) | 2012-11-23 |
US20030077823A1 (en) | 2003-04-24 |
EP2287290B1 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
KR20040070332A (ko) | 2004-08-07 |
KR101568055B1 (ko) | 2015-11-10 |
WO2003024406A2 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
KR20100040334A (ko) | 2010-04-19 |
EP1435787A4 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
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