JP3553397B2 - Solution phase electrochromic device - Google Patents
Solution phase electrochromic device Download PDFInfo
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- JP3553397B2 JP3553397B2 JP37170798A JP37170798A JP3553397B2 JP 3553397 B2 JP3553397 B2 JP 3553397B2 JP 37170798 A JP37170798 A JP 37170798A JP 37170798 A JP37170798 A JP 37170798A JP 3553397 B2 JP3553397 B2 JP 3553397B2
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XJGZGUSMZSXHJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptyl-4-(1-heptylpyridin-1-ium-4-yl)pyridin-1-ium Chemical compound C1=C[N+](CCCCCCC)=CC=C1C1=CC=[N+](CCCCCCC)C=C1 XJGZGUSMZSXHJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKVJWADVFPXWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoroborinic acid Chemical compound OB(F)F OKVJWADVFPXWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、溶液相エレクトロクロミック(以下EC)素子に関し、消色時に着色が残るのを防止するとともに、高温駆動下における外観の異常を防止したものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
溶液相EC素子は、アノード化合物およびカソード化合物をともに溶媒中に溶解させた電解液を用いるEC素子である。本出願人は先に特願平10−255997号で新規な溶液相EC素子を提案した。これは、裏面に透明電極膜を成膜した第1のガラス基板と、おもて面に透明電極膜を成膜した第2のガラス基板とを、該第1のガラス基板の裏面と該第2のガラス基板のおもて面どうしを対面させて、所定幅の空隙を介して対向配置し、該空隙内に
【0003】
【化5】
【0004】
(ただし、R1 、R2 は同じかまたは異なり、それぞれ1から10個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基またはフェニル基からなり、X1 − 、X2 − は同じかまたは異なり、それぞれBF4 − またはClO4 − からなる。)の構造を有するカソード化合物と、メタロセン(M(C5 H5 )2 )の構造にブチル基を置換した誘導体からなるアノード化合物とを非水溶媒で溶解した電解液を封入したものである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記特願平10−255997号の溶液相エレクトロクロミック素子のカソード化合物(ビオロゲン誘導体)のX1 − 、X2 − をBF4 − のみで構成すると、消色時に黄色味が生じ、外観上好ましくなかった。また、X1 − 、X2 − をClO4 − のみで構成すると、高温駆動下でビオロゲンの電極上への析出が観察され、外観上異常となり、実用上好ましくなかった。
【0006】
この発明は、前記従来の技術における問題点を解決して、消色時に着色が残るのを防止するとともに、高温駆動下における外観の異常を防止した溶液相EC素子を提供しようとするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、裏面に透明電極膜を成膜した第1のガラス基板と、おもて面に透明電極膜を成膜した第2のガラス基板とを、該第1のガラス基板の裏面と該第2のガラス基板のおもて面どうしを対面させて、所定幅の空隙を介して対向配置し、該空隙内に
【0008】
【化6】
【0009】
(ただし、R1 、R2 は同じかまたは異なり、それぞれ1から10個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基またはフェニル基またはベンジル基からなり、X1 − はBF4 − からなる。)の構造を有する化合物および
【0010】
【化7】
【0011】
(ただし、R1 、R2 は同じかまたは異なり、それぞれ1から10個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基またはフェニル基またはベンジル基からなり、X2 − はClO4 − からなる。)の構造を有する化合物を混合したカソード化合物と、メタロセン(M(C5 H5 )2 )の構造にブチル基を置換した誘導体からなるアノード化合物とを非水溶媒で溶解した電解液を封入してなるものである。第2のガラス基板の裏面に反射金属膜を成膜すればEC防眩ミラーが構成される。
【0012】
また、この発明は裏面に透明電極膜を成膜した第1のガラス基板と、おもて面に電極兼用反射金属膜または反射金属膜と透明電極膜の積層体を成膜した第2のガラス基板とを、該第1のガラス基板の裏面と該第2のガラス基板のおもて面どうしを対面させて、所定幅の空隙を介して対向配置し、該空隙内に
【0013】
【化8】
【0014】
(ただし、R1 、R2 は同じかまたは異なり、それぞれ1から10個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基またはフェニル基またはベンジル基からなり、X1 − はBF4 − からなる。)の構造を有する化合物および
【0015】
【化9】
【0016】
(ただし、R1 、R2 は同じかまたは異なり、それぞれ1から10個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基またはフェニル基またはベンジル基からなり、X2 − はClO4 − からなる。)の構造を有する化合物を混合したカソード化合物と、メタロセン(M(C5 H5 )2 )の構造にブチル基を置換した誘導体からなるアノード化合物とを非水溶媒で溶解した電解液を封入してなるものである。
【0017】
この発明によれば、消色時に着色が残るのが防止され、高温駆動下においてビオロゲンが電極上へ析出して外観上の異常となるのが防止される。非水溶媒は例えば炭酸プロピレン、γ−ブチロラクトン、スルホランの中から選択された単一の溶媒またはこれらの中から選択されたいずれか2つ以上の溶媒の混合溶媒で構成することができる。また、非水溶媒はアクリル系の増粘材を添加して増粘することができる。このアクリル系の増粘材は紫外線吸収剤を含むもの(例えば紫外線吸収剤とメタクリル樹脂(PMMA)が一体となった化合物)を用いることにより、紫外線によるEC物質の劣化を防止することができる。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
(実施の形態1)
この発明の実施の形態を以下説明する。図1はこの発明の溶液相EC素子を用いて構成した自動車用防眩インナーミラーで、EC素子の断面構造の模式図および電気配線図である。EC素子10は、無色透明の前面側のガラス基板12(第1のガラス基板)の裏面12b(光の入射方向から見て裏側の面)にITO,SnO2 等の透明電極膜14を蒸着、スパッタリング等で成膜している。また、無色透明の背面側のガラス基板20(第2のガラス基板)のおもて面20a(光の入射方向から見ておもて側の面)にITO,SnO2 等の透明電極膜22を蒸着、スパッタリング等で成膜している。ガラス基板20の裏面20b(光の入射方向から見て裏側の面)にはAl,Cr,Ni,Ag等の金属が蒸着、スパッタリング等で成膜されて、反射金属膜40が形成されている。反射金属膜40の裏面は保護コート層42で被覆されている。透明電極膜14,22は、例えば透過率が80%以上、抵抗値が30オーム/スクエア以下にそれぞれ構成されている。
【0019】
2枚のガラス基板12,20は、透明電極膜14,22どうしを対面させて、300μm以下の幅の空隙26を介して対向配置されている。空隙26はエポキシ接着剤等のシール材28によって周囲が封止されて、外部から遮断されている。
【0020】
空隙26内には電解液30(EC溶液)が封入されている。電解液30は、炭酸プロピレン、γ‐ブチロラクトン、スルホラン等の非水溶媒に、カソード化合物およびアノード化合物を溶質として溶解して構成されている。カソード化合物は、
【0021】
【化10】
【0022】
(ただし、R1 、R2 は同じかまたは異なり、それぞれ1から10個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基またはフェニル基またはベンジル基からなり、X1 − はBF4 − からなる。)の構造を有する化合物および
【0023】
【化11】
【0024】
(ただし、R1 、R2 は同じかまたは異なり、それぞれ1から10個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基またはフェニル基またはベンジル基からなり、X2 − はClO4 − からなる。)の構造を有する混合物からなる。アノード化合物は、メタロセン(M(C5 H5 )2 )の構造にブチル基を置換した誘導体からなる。カソード化合物、アノード化合物のモル濃度はそれぞれ0.01〜0.1モル/リットル程度である。メタロセン(M(C5 H5 )2 )のMには、例えばV、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、Ru、Osを用いることができる。電解液30には、PMMA(ポリメチルメタアクリレート)、エチルメタアクリレート、ブチルメタアクリレート、イソブチルメタアクリレート等のアクリル系増粘材を添加して増粘することができる。また、さらに、紫外線吸収剤を添加することにより、紫外線によるEC物質の劣化を防止することができる。紫外線吸収剤とメタクリル樹脂が一体となった化合物で構成される増粘材を用いることもできる。アクリル系増粘材の添加量は電解液30全体の0.1〜10重量%程度である。
【0025】
電源32(車両のバッテリーを供給源とする電源等)からは、スイッチ34(アナログスイッチ等)が接点aに接続されている時、配線36を介して透明電極膜22に正極性の電位が与えられ、配線38を介して透明電極膜14に負極性の電位が与えられる。電源32の電圧(着色時駆動電圧)は例えば1.0〜1.6V程度である。スイッチ34が接点aに接続されている状態では、透明電極膜22と電解液30の界面では、
【0026】
【化12】
【0027】
の酸化の反応により着色し、透明電極膜14と電界液30の界面では、
【0028】
【化13】
【0029】
の還元の反応により着色する。着色状態からスイッチ34を接点b側に切り換えると、両電極膜14,22間が短絡されて、アノード化合物およびカソード化合物はゼロ電位平衡となり、瞬時に消色する。
【0030】
両電極膜14,22間にはスイッチ34と並列に抵抗体44が接続されている。着色状態の時に素子の駆動回路が故障すれば、スイッチ34が開放状態となるが、両電極膜14,22は抵抗体44を介して緩やかにゼロ電位平衡となり消色する。
【0031】
(実施の形態2)
この発明の他の実施の形態を図2に示す。このEC素子10′(自動車用防眩ミラー)は、ガラス基板20のおもて面20aにAl,Cr,Ni,Ag等の金属を蒸着、スパッタリング等で成膜して電極兼用反射金属膜として構成したもの、あるいはAl,Cr,Ni,Ag等の金属を蒸着、スパッタリング等で成膜して反射金属膜を形成し、その上にITO,SnO2 等の透明電極膜を積層したものである。このEC素子10′の他の構成は、電解液の組成を含め前記実施の形態1(図1)と同じである。
【0032】
図2のEC素子10′の構造によれば、入射光がガラス基板20を通過しないで反射されるので、図1のEC素子10に比べて消色反射率が数%高く得られる。
【0033】
【実施例】
図1のEC素子10による自動車用防眩インナーミラーの実施例を説明する。ガラス基板12,20を自動車用インナーミラーの寸法(横280mm×縦60mm)に形成し、それぞれ片面にITO透明電極膜14,22を成膜した。このときのITO透明電極膜14,22の光透過率は550nmの波長の光に対して80%、抵抗値は12オーム/スクエアであった。そして、ガラス基板12,20を140μmのギャップで対向配置し、エポキシ樹脂等のシール材28で接着した。反射金属膜40はAlで構成した。
【0034】
紫外線吸収剤とメタクリル樹脂が一体となった化合物で構成される増粘材として、住友化学(株)のMHU(商標)を5重量%添加して増粘した。γ‐ブチロラクトンを溶媒として用い、カソード化合物として、ClO4 − を有するヘプチルビオロゲンジパークロライド(0.02モル/リットル)およびBF4 − を有するヘプチルビオロゲンジフルオロボレート(0.02モル/リットル)の混合物を用い、アノード化合物としてtert‐ブチルフェロセン((CH3 )3 CC5 H4 FeC5 H4 )(0.04モル/リットル)を用い、これらカソード化合物およびアノード化合物を溶媒に溶解して電解液30を作製し、この電解液30をガラス基板12,20間の空隙26に充填し、封止してEC素子10を作製した。
【0035】
作製されたEC素子10(ただし、反射金属膜40は未成膜状態)の初期の透過率レンジは83%(消色時:スイッチ34を接点bに接続して短絡)〜18%(着色時:スイッチ34を接点aに接続して1.4V印加)であった。このEC素子10を70℃の高温下で着色20秒、消色20秒を1サイクルとして20000サイクルの駆動を行った。テスト後のEC素子は外観の異常もなく、透過率レンジは79%(消色時:短絡)〜18%(着色時:1.4V印加)を示し、特性劣化は軽微なものであった。さらに、同一ロットのセルを100℃の高温下に放置したところ、340時間後に透過率レンジは、消色値が2%低下したのみで、着色透過率は初期と同一であった。また、反射金属膜40をAlで構成したところ、消色反射率73%、着色反射率7%(1.4V印加時)が得られ、自動車用防眩ミラーとして実用上高い性能を有していた。
【0036】
なお、前記実施の形態では、この発明を自動車用防眩インナーミラーに適用した場合について示したが、自動車用防眩アウターミラーに適用することもできる。また、図1の構造において反射金属膜40をなくして光透過性とすれば、自動車用や建造物用等の窓ガラス等として利用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の溶液相EC素子を用いて構成した自動車用防眩インナーミラーの実施の形態を示す図で、EC素子の断面構造を示す模式図および電気配線図である。
【図2】この発明の溶液相EC素子を用いて構成した自動車用防眩インナーミラーの他の実施の形態を示す図で、EC素子の断面構造を示す模式図および電気配線図である。
【符号の説明】
10,10′ EC素子
12 第1のガラス基板
14,22 透明電極膜
20 第2のガラス基板
26 空隙
30 電解液
32 電源
34 スイッチ
40 反射金属膜
44 抵抗体
46 電極兼用反射金属膜または反射金属膜と透明電極膜の積層体[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solution phase electrochromic (hereinafter, referred to as EC) device, which prevents color from remaining when decoloring and prevents abnormal appearance under high-temperature driving.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The solution phase EC device is an EC device using an electrolytic solution in which both an anode compound and a cathode compound are dissolved in a solvent. The present applicant has previously proposed a novel solution phase EC device in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-255997. That is, a first glass substrate having a transparent electrode film formed on the back surface, a second glass substrate having a transparent electrode film formed on the front surface, and the back surface of the first glass substrate and the The front surfaces of the glass substrates 2 are opposed to each other with a gap having a predetermined width therebetween.
Embedded image
[0004]
(However, R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and each consist of an alkyl group or a phenyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X 1 − and X 2 − are the same or different and are BF 4 − or An electrolytic solution obtained by dissolving a cathode compound having a structure of ClO 4 — ) and an anode compound composed of a derivative obtained by substituting a butyl group in the structure of metallocene (M (C 5 H 5 ) 2 ) with a nonaqueous solvent is used. It is enclosed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When X 1 − and X 2 − of the cathode compound (viologen derivative) of the solution phase electrochromic device of Japanese Patent Application No. 10-255997 are composed of only BF 4 − , yellowish color is generated when the color is erased, which is not preferable in appearance. Was. In addition, when X 1 − and X 2 − were composed of only ClO 4 − , viologen was observed to be deposited on the electrode under high-temperature driving, and the appearance was abnormal, which was not preferable in practical use.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a solution-phase EC device that solves the problems of the above-described conventional technology, prevents coloring from remaining when decoloring, and prevents abnormal appearance under high-temperature driving. .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a first glass substrate having a transparent electrode film formed on the back surface, a second glass substrate having a transparent electrode film formed on the front surface, and a back surface of the first glass substrate. The front surfaces of the second glass substrate are opposed to each other with a gap having a predetermined width facing each other.
Embedded image
[0009]
(However, unlike R 1, R 2, identical or consists alkyl group or a phenyl group or a benzyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, respectively, X 1 - is BF 4 - made of.) Having a structure of Compound and
Embedded image
[0011]
(Wherein, R 1, R 2 are the same or different, consist of an alkyl group or a phenyl group or a benzyl group having from respectively 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X 2 - is ClO 4 - made of.) Having a structure of An electrolyte obtained by dissolving a cathode compound obtained by mixing a compound and an anode compound comprising a derivative of a metallocene (M (C 5 H 5 ) 2 ) substituted with a butyl group in a non-aqueous solvent is enclosed. . An EC anti-glare mirror is formed by forming a reflective metal film on the back surface of the second glass substrate.
[0012]
Further, the present invention provides a first glass substrate having a transparent electrode film formed on the back surface, and a second glass having a reflective metal film also serving as an electrode or a laminate of a reflective metal film and a transparent electrode film formed on the front surface. A substrate is disposed facing a back surface of the first glass substrate with a front surface of the second glass substrate facing each other via a gap having a predetermined width.
Embedded image
[0014]
(However, unlike R 1, R 2, identical or consists alkyl group or a phenyl group or a benzyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, respectively, X 1 - is BF 4 - made of.) Having a structure of Compound and
Embedded image
[0016]
(Wherein, R 1, R 2 are the same or different, consist of an alkyl group or a phenyl group or a benzyl group having from respectively 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X 2 - is ClO 4 - made of.) Having a structure of An electrolyte obtained by dissolving a cathode compound obtained by mixing a compound and an anode compound comprising a derivative of a metallocene (M (C 5 H 5 ) 2 ) substituted with a butyl group in a non-aqueous solvent is enclosed. .
[0017]
According to the present invention, the coloring is prevented from remaining when the color is erased, and the viologen is prevented from depositing on the electrode under high-temperature driving, thereby preventing the appearance from being abnormal. The non-aqueous solvent can be composed of, for example, a single solvent selected from propylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, and sulfolane, or a mixed solvent of two or more solvents selected from these. Further, the non-aqueous solvent can be thickened by adding an acrylic thickener. By using an acrylic thickener containing an ultraviolet absorber (for example, a compound in which the ultraviolet absorber and methacrylic resin (PMMA) are integrated), deterioration of the EC substance due to ultraviolet rays can be prevented.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
(Embodiment 1)
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of an antiglare inner mirror for an automobile constituted by using the solution phase EC element of the present invention, and an electric wiring diagram. The EC element 10 is formed by depositing a transparent electrode film 14 such as ITO or SnO 2 on the
[0019]
The two glass substrates 12 and 20 are opposed to each other with a
[0020]
An electrolytic solution 30 (EC solution) is sealed in the
[0021]
Embedded image
[0022]
(However, unlike R 1, R 2, identical or consists alkyl group or a phenyl group or a benzyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, respectively, X 1 - is BF 4 - made of.) Having a structure of The compound and
Embedded image
[0024]
(Wherein, R 1, R 2 are the same or different, consist of an alkyl group or a phenyl group or a benzyl group having from respectively 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X 2 - is ClO 4 - made of.) Having a structure of Consists of a mixture. Anodic compound consists derivatives obtained by substituting butyl group to the structure of the metallocene (M (C 5 H 5) 2). The molar concentration of each of the cathode compound and the anode compound is about 0.01 to 0.1 mol / liter. As M of the metallocene (M (C 5 H 5 ) 2 ), for example, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Os can be used. The electrolyte solution 30 can be thickened by adding an acrylic thickener such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, or isobutyl methacrylate. Further, by adding an ultraviolet absorber, deterioration of the EC substance due to ultraviolet rays can be prevented. A thickener composed of a compound in which an ultraviolet absorber and a methacrylic resin are integrated can also be used. The amount of the acrylic thickener added is about 0.1 to 10% by weight of the entire electrolytic solution 30.
[0025]
When a switch 34 (an analog switch or the like) is connected to the contact a from a power supply 32 (a power supply using a vehicle battery as a supply source), a positive potential is applied to the transparent electrode film 22 via the wiring 36. Then, a negative potential is applied to the transparent electrode film 14 via the wiring 38. The voltage of the power supply 32 (coloring drive voltage) is, for example, about 1.0 to 1.6 V. When the switch 34 is connected to the contact a, the interface between the transparent electrode film 22 and the electrolyte 30 is
[0026]
Embedded image
[0027]
At the interface between the transparent electrode film 14 and the electrolytic solution 30,
[0028]
Embedded image
[0029]
Is colored by the reduction reaction. When the switch 34 is switched from the colored state to the contact b side, the two electrode films 14 and 22 are short-circuited, the anode compound and the cathode compound are brought to zero potential equilibrium, and the color is instantaneously erased.
[0030]
A resistor 44 is connected between the two electrode films 14 and 22 in parallel with the switch 34. If the drive circuit of the element breaks down in the colored state, the switch 34 is opened, but the two electrode films 14 and 22 gradually become zero potential equilibrium via the resistor 44 and the color is erased.
[0031]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The EC element 10 ′ (anti-glare mirror for automobile) is formed by depositing a metal such as Al, Cr, Ni, Ag, etc. on the
[0032]
According to the structure of the EC element 10 'in FIG. 2, the incident light is reflected without passing through the glass substrate 20, so that the decoloring reflectance is several percent higher than that of the EC element 10 in FIG.
[0033]
【Example】
An embodiment of an antiglare inner mirror for a vehicle using the EC element 10 of FIG. 1 will be described. The glass substrates 12 and 20 were formed to the size of an inner mirror for automobile (width 280 mm × length 60 mm), and ITO transparent electrode films 14 and 22 were formed on one side, respectively. At this time, the light transmittance of the ITO transparent electrode films 14 and 22 was 80% with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm, and the resistance value was 12 ohm / square. Then, the glass substrates 12 and 20 were opposed to each other with a gap of 140 μm, and were bonded with a sealing material 28 such as an epoxy resin. The reflective metal film 40 was made of Al.
[0034]
As a thickener composed of a compound in which an ultraviolet absorber and a methacrylic resin were integrated, MHU (trademark) of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. was added by 5% by weight to increase the viscosity. Mixture of heptylviologen diperchloride with ClO 4 − (0.02 mol / l) and heptylviologen difluoroborate with BF 4 − (0.02 mol / l) using γ-butyrolactone as a solvent and a cathode compound Tert-butyl ferrocene ((CH 3 ) 3 CC 5 H 4 FeC 5 H 4 ) (0.04 mol / l) as an anode compound, and dissolving the cathode compound and the anode compound in a solvent to form an electrolytic solution The EC element 10 was manufactured by filling the
[0035]
The initial transmittance range of the manufactured EC element 10 (however, the reflective metal film 40 is not formed) is 83% (when decolored: short-circuited by connecting the switch 34 to the contact b) to 18% (when colored: The switch 34 was connected to the contact a, and 1.4 V was applied). The EC element 10 was driven at a high temperature of 70 ° C. for 20 seconds for coloring and 20 seconds for decoloring as one cycle, and was driven for 20,000 cycles. After the test, the EC element had no abnormality in appearance, showed a transmittance range of 79% (when decolored: short-circuited) to 18% (when colored: 1.4 V applied), and showed little deterioration in characteristics. Further, when cells of the same lot were left at a high temperature of 100 ° C., after 340 hours, the transmittance range was the same as that of the initial stage, except that the decoloration value was only reduced by 2%. Further, when the reflective metal film 40 is made of Al, a decolored reflectance of 73% and a colored reflectance of 7% (when 1.4 V is applied) are obtained, which has practically high performance as an anti-glare mirror for automobiles. Was.
[0036]
In the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which the present invention is applied to an anti-glare inner mirror for an automobile. However, the present invention can also be applied to an outer anti-glare mirror for an automobile. Further, if the structure shown in FIG. 1 is made transparent by eliminating the reflective metal film 40, it can be used as a window glass for automobiles, buildings and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an antiglare inner mirror for a vehicle constituted by using a solution phase EC element of the present invention, which is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional structure of an EC element and an electric wiring diagram.
FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of an antiglare inner mirror for a vehicle constituted by using the solution phase EC element of the present invention, and is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional structure of the EC element and an electric wiring diagram.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 10 'EC element 12 First glass substrate 14, 22 Transparent electrode film 20
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP37170798A JP3553397B2 (en) | 1998-12-28 | 1998-12-28 | Solution phase electrochromic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP37170798A JP3553397B2 (en) | 1998-12-28 | 1998-12-28 | Solution phase electrochromic device |
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JP3553397B2 true JP3553397B2 (en) | 2004-08-11 |
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WO2002084392A1 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2002-10-24 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Method for driving an electrochromic mirror |
CN1315980C (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2007-05-16 | 力光科技股份有限公司 | Compounds as electrochromic materials and electrochromic components |
WO2017061995A1 (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-13 | Iglass Technology Llc | Electochromic composition and electromic device using same |
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