JP3433270B2 - Knitting machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a knitted fabric having 1 / f fluctuation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional knitting machine, a width of a bat is set to be constant, and a yarn supplying speed and a cylinder rotating speed are linked to obtain a knitted fabric having a constant stitch size. Alternatively, the knitting needles are pulled out at regular intervals or at random so that the knitted fabric has unevenness.

[0003]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention solves the following problems. <B> The conventional uniform knitted fabric has little mechanical and natural feel, and has little warmth when used as clothing.

[0004]

[Purpose of the present invention]

<B> The present invention is to provide a knitted fabric having a natural unevenness feeling and a comfortable feeling. <B> The present invention is to provide a knitted fabric having warps having a correlation of 1 / f fluctuation in the weft direction. <C> The present invention is to provide a knitted fabric in which 1 / f fluctuation is associated with a song or a sound and the song or the sound is expressed. <D> The present invention is to industrially manufacture a knitted fabric in which the surface of the knitted fabric changes with a correlation, and in particular, the correlation has a 1 / f fluctuation and has a natural unevenness.

In the present invention, the "1 / f fluctuation" means that the power spectrum having the frequency component f is proportional to 1 / f ^k , and k has a value in the vicinity of 1.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a knitting machine in which a plurality of knitting needles are arranged substantially axially on the outer circumference of a cylindrical needle bed, and a cam is provided on the outer circumference of the cylindrical needle bed, or Arranging a plurality of knitting needles on the outer circumference of a cylindrical needle bed in a substantially axial direction, providing a cam on the outer circumference of the cylindrical needle bed, and arranging a plurality of knitting needles on the dial-shaped needle bed upper surface in a substantially radial shape, In a circular knitting machine in which a cam is provided on the upper surface of a dial-shaped needle bed, a yarn supplying section for supplying a yarn to the knitting needle, the cylinder-shaped needle bed or the cylinder-shaped needle bed and the dial-shaped needle bed are provided. A knitting portion for rotating the cam with respect to the cam to knit the yarn with the knitting needle, at least two types of longitudinal widths of the bat of the knitting needle are set, and one type of longitudinal width knitting needle of 1 / f fluctuation The number of numerical rows is arranged adjacent to each other, and the knitting stitches of the knitting needle are replaced by knitting needles of other kinds in the adjacent knitting needles. A circular knitting machine characterized by having 1 / f fluctuation in the weft direction depending on the size, or at least two types of vertical widths of the bats of the knitting needles, and 1 type of vertical width knitting needles The number of f-fluctuation numerical rows is arranged adjacently, knitting needles of other kinds of longitudinal width are arranged adjacently between the numerical rows, and 1 / f fluctuation is provided in the weft direction depending on the size of the stitches of the knitted fabric. A circular knitting machine, or a knitting needle in which the knitting needles are arranged so that the longitudinal width of the butt of the knitting needles is 1 / f fluctuation, and the size of the stitch in the weft direction has 1 / f fluctuation To obtain a circular knitting machine, or a plurality of knitting needles are arranged on a flat plate-shaped needle bed in the width direction on the needle bed, and a flat box provided with a cam box having a cam arranged on the flat plate-shaped needle bed. In a type knitting machine, the cam is made to reciprocate with respect to the yarn supplying portion that supplies the yarn to the knitting needle and the flat plate-shaped needle bed. A knitting part for knitting the yarn with a needle, at least two types of vertical widths of the bats of the knitting needle are provided, and one type of vertical width knitting needles are arranged adjacent to each other in the number sequence of 1 / f fluctuation numerical values. A flat knitting machine, characterized in that the adjacent knitting needles are replaced with knitting needles of other kinds of longitudinal width, and have 1 / f fluctuation in the weft direction depending on the size of the stitches of the knitted material, There are at least two types of vertical widths of the knitting needle bats, and one type of vertical width knitting needles are arranged adjacent to each other in the number sequence of 1 / f fluctuations, and another type of vertical width A flat knitting machine or a butt of the knitting needle having a longitudinal width of 1 / f fluctuation, in which knitting needles are arranged adjacent to each other and having 1 / f fluctuation in the weft direction depending on the size of the stitches of the knitting needle. The knitting needles are arranged in such a manner that the size of the stitches in the weft direction has a 1 / f fluctuation, thereby obtaining a knitted fabric. It is on a knitting machine.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. <B> Outline of knitting machine (FIG. 1) As a knitting machine, for example, a generally known circular knitting machine 1 is used.
A yarn supplying section 2 for controlling the supply of the yarn 22 from the yarn, a knitting section 3 for knitting a knitted fabric with a knitting needle, a winding section 4 for winding the knitted knitted fabric,
It has a control unit 5 for controlling the knitting machine 1. Knitting machines include flat knitting machines for knitting sweaters and the like, and circular knitting machines for knitting socks, pantyhose, knitting machines, and the like, and the present invention can also be applied to these various knitting machines.

<B> Yarn supply unit (FIG. 1) The yarn supply unit 2 supplies the yarn 22 to the knitting unit 3.
It has a large number of bobbins 21 around which 2 is wound. The yarn 22 is supplied from the bobbin 21 to the knitting needle 30 of the knitting section 3 via the top stopper 23 and the like.

<C> Knitting part (FIG. 2) The knitting part 3 is, for example, 2 in the axial direction of the outer circumference of the cylinder 38.
088 grooves are provided, and the knitting needle 30 is movably held in the grooves. The knitting needle 30 has a hook 31, a latch 32, and a bat 33, and hangs the yarn 22 on the hook 31 to advance knitting. The cam holder 39 covers the outer circumference of the cylinder 38.
Is arranged, the cam 34 is arranged inside, and the butt 33 of the knitting needle 30 engages with the cam groove 37. The cam 34 can be moved up and down by the stitch mechanism 4. Stitch mechanism 4
Is a commonly used adjustment screw 43
The rotation of the cam moves the lifting cam ring 42 up and down relative to the fixed cam ring 41 to move the cam 34 into the cylinder 38.
Move up and down against. The dial gauge 44 can measure the vertical movement distance of the cam 34. In addition to the single knitting machine, the knitting machine of the present invention is a double knitting machine (double-sided machine, milling machine) of generally well-known structure.
In addition to the structure of the cylinder 38 of the single knitting machine, a plurality of knitting needles 30 are arranged substantially radially on the dial upper surface, and a cam is provided on the dial upper surface.

<D> Cam (FIG. 3) The cam 34 has a raising cam 35 and a lowering cam 36, and a cam groove 37 for engaging the butt 33 of the knitting needle 30 is formed between them. The cam groove 37 has a pattern according to the knitting method. For example, the knit knitting pattern is a mountain-shaped continuous groove pattern. Since the knitting needle 30 arranged in the groove on the outer circumference of the cylinder 38 moves on the circumference along with the rotation of the cylinder, the knitting needle 30 moves relatively to the cam 34. As a result, the knitting needle butt 33 moves along the cam groove 37, and the knitting needle hook 31 moves up and down in the lateral direction. While the upper end of the butt 33 contacts the lowering cam 36,
It moves downward and descends to the bottom. Next, the lower end of the bat 33 contacts the raising cam 35 and moves upward.

<V> Vertical width of bat of knitting needle (FIGS. 4 and 5) The entire length of the knitting needle 30 is made the same, and the vertical width of the bat 33 is changed. Even if the vertical width of the bat 33 is different, if the lower end of the bat 33 is in contact with the raising cam 35,
Although the height position of the hook 31 does not change, when the upper end of the bat 33 is in contact with the lowering cam 36, the hook 31
Position is different, the longer the butt 33 is,
The lowest descent position of 1 is low. That is, when the vertical widths of (A), (B), and (C) and the bat 33 are changed in FIG. 6, differences such as d1 and d2 occur in the most lowered position of the hook 31.

<F> Knitting operation (FIGS. 6 and 7) When the knitting needle 30 is at the highest position, the knitting needle penetrates the inside of the old stitch 61, and the yarn 22 for making a new stitch is supplied. While the knitting needle 30 is descending, the yarn 22 for forming the new stitch 62 is caught in the hook 31, comes out of the old stitch 61, and the new stitch 62 is formed at the position where the knitting needle descends to determine the size of the stitch. The size of the stitch is determined by the lowest position of the knitting needle, and when the stitch formed by the knitting needle is different from the surrounding stitches, warp lines are generated in the knitted fabric. By changing the vertical width of the knitting needle butt 33, the lowermost position of the knitting needle changes, and the size of the stitch can be selected.

<G> 1 / f Fluctuation The present inventor, Toshimitsu Samurai, found for the first time in the world that 1 / f fluctuation gives humans a special feeling of comfort, and published the Journal of Applied Physics, 1965, pp. 427-435. The page says "Biometric information and 1
/ F fluctuation "was published, and the journal of Japan Society for Precision Machinery 19
Also published a paper on "Biological control and 1 / f fluctuation" in Volume 50, No. 6 of 1984, and more recently, "The idea of fluctuation" from NHK Publishing.
Is published. The outline of these is "1 / f fluctuation is a fluctuation that gives a comfortable feeling to humans, and the reason why 1 / f fluctuation gives a feeling of comfort is that the fluctuation of the basic rhythm of the human body is a spectrum like 1 / f. Is derived from having.
Another way of looking at this is that humans get tired of receiving the same stimulus continuously, and conversely, stimuli that change too much are rather uncomfortable. Is the 1 / f fluctuation. ". Also, in Kodansha Bluebucks "World of Fluctuations", "For example, the rhythmic phenomena that living organisms basically show 1 / f fluctuations such as heartbeat, clapping, and α rhythm seen in the firing cycle of nerve cells and EEG. And
It is empirically known that a living body gets a pleasant sensation when it receives a fluctuation similar to the 1 / f fluctuation of the biological rhythm as a stimulus. " There are various fluctuations (variations) in the natural world, but for example, those that give a comfortable feeling to humans, such as the babbling of the stream and the natural cold, are 1 / f.
Fluctuations and strong winds that cause anxiety such as typhoons
It is out of 1 / f fluctuation.

<C> 1 / f fluctuation numerical sequence (FIG. 8) The 1 / f fluctuation numerical sequence is a random number sequence x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ ,.
··· is obtained from y ₁ , y ₂ , y ₃ , ... Created by calculating _n coefficients a ₁ , a ₂ , a ₃ ,. However, y _j is represented by the following equation (1) of the equation 1. here,
The numerical sequence of y ₁ , y ₂ , y ₃ , ... Has a 1 / f spectrum (for details, see Corona Publishing, Biosignal, Chapter 10, “Biorhythm and Fluctuation”).

[Equation 1]

For the numerical sequence of 1 / f fluctuations, for example, a computer is used to generate a random number sequence x in the first step, and in the second step, n coefficients a stored in the storage device are sequentially stored. The calculation is performed and linear transformation is performed to obtain a numerical value sequence y.
This numerical sequence y has a 1 / f spectrum, so 1 / f
It can be used for fluctuation numerical sequences. An example of the 1 / f fluctuation numerical sequence thus obtained is shown in the following Expression 2 of Expression 2.

[Equation 2]

Alternatively, a 1 / f fluctuation tune can be created from the 1 / f series of numerical values. First, the scale and range (lower limit frequency fL and upper limit frequency fU of the range) are determined.
Next, the 1 / f series y is obtained and linearly converted so that the upper limit and the lower limit become the lower limit frequency fL and the upper limit frequency fU of the musical range. The value of the y-series obtained in this way is regarded as the acoustic frequency and is replaced with the frequency of the nearest scale. That is, a quarter note, for example, is assigned in order to the closest line or space on the 5-line paper. FIG. 8 shows a part of the music pieces obtained by this method.

<R> Knitting Example 1 (FIG. 9) The bat 3 having the same vertical width is adjacent to the groove on the outer circumference of the cylinder 38.
3 knitting needles are arranged at equal intervals according to the numerical sequence, and among them, 1
/ F Vertical width bat 33 that is different for each numerical value in the fluctuation sequence
Replace one knitting needle. That is, one knitting needle having a different vertical width is distributed in the knitting needles of the bat 33 having the same vertical width for each numerical sequence. By knitting with this array of knitting needles, a knitted fabric (knitted fabric having warp lines of different stitches) 6 in which the stitches change in the weft direction is obtained. For example, the numerical sequence 17, 12, 15, 15, 12, ...
.. At knitting needle 3 of bat 33 having normal length and vertical width
The 17th knitting needle in the 0 array is replaced with the knitting needle of the bat 33 having a long vertical width, and similarly, the 12th knitting needle of the next is replaced with the knitting needle having a long vertical width. By repeatedly arranging the knitting needles according to the numerical sequence and knitting the knitted fabric 6 in this manner, it is possible to obtain the knitted fabric 6 in which the warp lines of the large stitches 62 are included in the knitted fabric of the ordinary stitches 61.

<Nu> Knitting Example 2 The bat 3 having the same vertical width adjacent to the groove on the outer circumference of the cylinder 38.
The three knitting needles are arranged at equal intervals in accordance with the numerical sequence, and next, one knitting needle of the butt 33 having a different vertical width is replaced. That is, one knitting needle having a different vertical width is distributed in the knitting needles of the bat 33 having the same vertical width for each numerical sequence. By knitting with this arrangement of knitting needles, a knitted fabric whose stitches change in the weft direction (knitted fabric of warp of different stitches) is obtained. For example, the numerical sequence 17 and 1 of Expression 2
2, 15, 15, 12, ..., 17 knitting needles 30 of a bat 33 having a normal length and a vertical length are arranged, and one knitting needle of a bat 33 having a long width is arranged adjacent to the knitting needles. Further, similarly, 12 knitting needles of a bat having a normal length are arranged adjacent to each other, and one knitting needle of a bat having a longer longitudinal width is arranged adjacently. By repeatedly arranging the knitting needles according to the numerical sequence and knitting the knitted fabric in this manner, it is possible to obtain a knitted fabric in which the warp lines of the large stitches are included in the ordinary knitted fabric.

<L> Knitting Example 3 A knitting needle 30 in which the vertical width of the bat 33 fluctuates with 1 / f fluctuation is arranged in a groove on the outer circumference of the cylinder 38. For example, the numerical sequences 1.7, 1.2, 1.5, 1.
, 1.2, ..., the knitting needles 30 having the vertical width of the bat 33 of 5.7 mm (4 mm (minimum width) + 1.7 mm) are arranged in the first groove, and the vertical width is set in the next groove. Is 5.2 mm (4 mm
(Minimum width) +1.2 mm) knitting needle, and then the longitudinal width of 5.
Place a 5 mm knitting needle. When a knitting machine is knitted by using a knitting machine in which knitting needles having a vertical width in which numerical values are sequentially added in this manner are used, fluctuations in the displacement of the knitting needles have 1 / f fluctuations. It is possible to obtain a knitted fabric having a size of 1 / f fluctuation, that is, a knitted fabric having a warp having a stitch size of 1 / f fluctuation.

It should be noted that, instead of the numerical sequence of the equation 2, a numerical sequence created from music or timbre having 1 / f fluctuation can be used, in which case the music or timbre can be woven into the knitted fabric. .

<O> Outline of Flat Knitting Machine (FIG. 10) The structure of the flat knitting machine is generally known, and as shown in FIG. 10, a flat floor 138 is used instead of the cylinder 38 of the circular knitting machine.
have. A groove is formed on the floor 138, and the knitting needle 130 is slidably arranged in the groove. Knitting needle is hook 13
1, a latch, and a butt 133. The cam 134 is arranged so as to face the floor and has a cam groove 137 with which the butt 133 of the knitting needle is engaged. The cam 134 slides at right angles to the floor groove to move the knitting needle 130 up and down along the floor groove. The thread 122 passes through the thread path 120 and is knitted with a knitting needle,
It is taken out as a knit 160 using the set-up comb 140.

The knitting needles 130 are arranged in the grooves of the floor 138 by making the vertical width of the bat 133 different, similarly to the circular knitting needles. The knitting needles are arranged as in Knitting Example 1, Knitting Example 2 and Knitting Example 3 in the same manner as the arrangement of the grooves of the cylinder of the circular knitting machine.
With such an arrangement, even in the case of a flat knitting machine, it is possible to obtain a knitted fabric having a warp with 1 / f fluctuation.

[0023]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. <B> Instead of the stitches changing constantly or randomly,
Since it changes with a correlation and the correlation has a 1 / f fluctuation, a natural feeling of unevenness and a special comfort and aesthetic appearance can be provided. <B> A knitted fabric having a natural unevenness can be industrially manufactured at low cost. <C> It is possible to obtain a knitted fabric having different warp stitches having a correlation of 1 / f fluctuation in the weft direction. <D> A tone or music having 1 / f fluctuation can be woven into a knitted fabric to provide a comfortable feeling.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of main parts of a circular knitting machine.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of a knitting unit of a circular knitting machine.

[Fig. 3] Layout of cams and knitting needles

FIG. 4 is a view showing knitting needles having different bat lengths.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a lowermost position of knitting needles having different bat vertical widths.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a method for creating a stitch using a latch needle.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a method for creating a large stitch using a latch needle.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a song having 1 / f fluctuation.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a knitted fabric of warp muscles having different 1 / f fluctuation numerical sequences and stitches.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a knitting unit of a flat knitting machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Knitting machine, 22, 122 ... Thread, 3 ... Knitting section, 3
0, 130 ... Knitting needles, 33 .. Butts, 34, 134.
・ Cams, 35 ・ ・ Raising cams, 36 ・ ・ Lowering cams, 37 ・
・ Cam groove

Front page continued (72) Inventor Kenji Tamura 635 Nakajima, Kawauchi-machi, Tokushima, Tokushima Nisshinbo Co., Ltd.In the Tokushima Factory (72) Yoshinori Sasaki 2-31-11 Nihonbashi Ningyocho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Nisshinbo Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-195388 (JP, A) Patent 2687206 (JP, B2) Patent 2651894 (JP, B2) Patent 2860445 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) D04B 1/00-39/08

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A knitting machine in which a plurality of knitting needles are arranged substantially axially on the outer circumference of a cylindrical needle bed, and a cam is provided on the outer circumference of the cylindrical needle bed, or a plurality of knitting needles are formed on the cylindrical needle bed. Are arranged substantially in the axial direction on the outer circumference of the cylinder, a cam is provided on the outer circumference of the cylinder-shaped needle bed, a plurality of knitting needles are arranged substantially radially on the dial-shaped needle bed upper surface, and the cam is arranged on the dial-shaped needle bed upper surface. In the provided circular knitting machine, the yarn supplying section for supplying the yarn to the knitting needle, the cylinder-shaped needle bed or the cylinder-shaped needle bed and the dial-shaped needle bed are rotated with respect to the cam, A knitting portion for knitting the yarn with a knitting needle, at least two types of vertical width of the bat of the knitting needle are provided, and one type of vertical width knitting needles are arranged adjacent to each other in the number sequence of 1 / f fluctuation , The adjacent knitting needles are replaced with other kinds of knitting needles having a vertical width, and 1 / in the weft direction depending on the size of the stitches of the knitted fabric. f
A circular knitting machine characterized by having fluctuations. 2. A knitting machine in which a plurality of knitting needles are arranged substantially axially on the outer circumference of a cylindrical needle bed, and a cam is provided on the outer circumference of the cylindrical needle bed, or a plurality of knitting needles are formed on the cylindrical needle bed. Are arranged substantially in the axial direction on the outer circumference of the cylinder, a cam is provided on the outer circumference of the cylinder-shaped needle bed, a plurality of knitting needles are arranged substantially radially on the dial-shaped needle bed upper surface, and the cam is arranged on the dial-shaped needle bed upper surface. In the provided circular knitting machine, the yarn supplying section for supplying the yarn to the knitting needle, the cylinder-shaped needle bed or the cylinder-shaped needle bed and the dial-shaped needle bed are rotated with respect to the cam, A knitting portion for knitting the yarn with a knitting needle, at least two types of vertical width of the bat of the knitting needle are provided, and one type of vertical width knitting needles are arranged adjacent to each other in the number sequence of 1 / f fluctuation , Another kind of vertical width knitting needles are arranged adjacent to each other between the numerical value rows, and 1 in the weft direction depending on the size of the stitches of the knitted fabric. /
A circular knitting machine characterized by having f fluctuations. 3. A flat knitting machine in which a plurality of knitting needles are arranged on a flat plate-shaped needle bed in the width direction on the needle bed, and a cam box is arranged on the flat plate-shaped needle bed. And a knitting part for knitting the yarn with the knitting needle by reciprocating the cam with respect to the flat plate-shaped needle bed, and at least two types of longitudinal width of the bat of the knitting needle are provided. Depending on the size of the stitch of the knitting, one kind of knitting needles having a vertical width is arranged adjacent to each other in the number sequence of 1 / f fluctuations, and the knitting needles of another kind are replaced in the adjacent knitting needles. 1 / f in the weft direction
A flat knitting machine characterized by having fluctuations. 4. A flat knitting machine in which a plurality of knitting needles are arranged on a flat plate-shaped needle bed in the width direction on the needle bed, and a cam box is arranged on the flat plate-shaped needle bed. And a knitting part for knitting the yarn with the knitting needle by reciprocating the cam with respect to the flat plate-shaped needle bed, and at least two types of longitudinal width of the bat of the knitting needle are provided. , One kind of vertical width knitting needles are arranged adjacent to each other in the number sequence of 1 / f fluctuations, and another kind of vertical width knitting needle is arranged adjacent to each other between the numerical sequence to obtain the size of the stitch of the knitted fabric. 1 / in the weft direction
A flat knitting machine characterized by having f fluctuation. 5. A knitting machine in which a plurality of knitting needles are arranged substantially axially on the outer circumference of a cylindrical needle bed, and a cam is provided on the outer circumference of the cylindrical needle bed, or a plurality of knitting needles are formed on the cylindrical needle bed. Are arranged substantially in the axial direction on the outer circumference of the cylinder, a cam is provided on the outer circumference of the cylinder-shaped needle bed, a plurality of knitting needles are arranged substantially radially on the dial-shaped needle bed upper surface, and the cam is arranged on the dial-shaped needle bed upper surface. In the provided circular knitting machine, the yarn supplying section for supplying the yarn to the knitting needle, the cylinder-shaped needle bed or the cylinder-shaped needle bed and the dial-shaped needle bed are rotated with respect to the cam, A knitting part for knitting the yarn with a knitting needle, the knitting needles are arranged so that the longitudinal width of the bat of the knitting needle is 1 / f fluctuation, and a knitted fabric having a weft direction stitch size of 1 / f fluctuation A circular knitting machine characterized by obtaining. 6. A flat knitting machine in which a plurality of knitting needles are arranged on a flat plate-shaped needle bed in the width direction on the needle bed, and a cam box is arranged on the flat plate-shaped needle bed. And a knitting part for knitting the yarn with the knitting needle by reciprocating the cam with respect to the flat needle bed, and the vertical width of the bat of the knitting needle is 1 / f fluctuation The flat knitting machine is characterized in that the knitting needles are arranged as described above to obtain a knitted fabric in which the size of the stitch in the weft direction has 1 / f fluctuation.