JP3385394B2 - Oil waste treatment method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for purifying natural asphalt (in this case, Buton asphalt rock),
And the use of refined products as key materials for converting oil wastes into environmentally friendly substances. The raw materials needed are not limited to Buton rock asphalt, but a variety of similar natural asphalts include asphaltite (Gilsonite, Graham Ore, Trinidad Asphalt),
Includes igneous bitumen.

The use of the above products in the oil waste conversion process results in new eco-friendly products that are safely hidden during landfills. Further treatment can yield a soil stabilizer or anion-modified asphalt having cationic properties.

[0003]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Deposits of oil or oil rock formations in many parts of the world usually contain asphalt with a content of 10-40%, and some of the hydrocarbons extracted from these deposits. The method is being developed.

In many cases, the most economical extraction method has been to perform high temperature steam injection through oil holes into the oil-containing geologic formation. The hot steam transferred oil from the soil particles in the form of an oil-water emulsion that was collected through different drill holes and brought to the ground surface.

Generally, this extraction method has a bitumen content of 6
%, The unit area of soil particles is small, and it is effective when the steam water film sealing each soil particle is sufficiently thin.

The method for extracting bitumen from natural rock by directly injecting high-temperature steam is effective due to the shape of the bituminous-water-mineral system. As shown in FIG. It is clearly separated from water (b) and mineral (c) in structure (d). In other words, direct steam injection
It is a suitable method for this kind of structure.

Another method for extracting asphalt from asphalt rock is to use an organic solvent. For example, US Pat. No. 4,098,648 discloses the extraction of asphalt from asphalt rock containing a certain proportion of asphalt. The extraction of bitumen from hydrocarbons is carried out by actuating the centrifugal force on a reactor equipped with a helical screw facing the inside of the reactor.

Another patent for the asphalt extraction method is EP-
It is a patent numbered A-0 173 574.
The method described in this patent is the extraction of asphalt (relatively dense form) from crude oil, crude oil emulsions, resids, or other heavy oils. The separation is carried out by adding a hydrocarbon solvent obtained from light paraffin and then decanting to obtain the asphalt fraction. The range of solvent required is 2 to 4 times the oil volume.

The usual method of asphalt separation from natural sources and residual oil produced in refineries is by extraction systems or hot steam injection separation and refining methods.
Further, the obtained pure asphalt is used as a road material or used for oil drilling.

The shape of natural asphalt mined in Indonesia is very different from that found in other countries, as shown in FIG. 2, with asphalt (e) being contained in the shell (f). Due to the unique nature of the high porosity of the organic deposits contained in Buton asphalt, the addition of Buton asphalt to the process requires a large amount of organic solvent, The asphalt used is of poor quality, ineffective and uneconomical.

The application of this Buton asphalt technology to date is uneconomical. This is an organic carbonate (shell)
This is because the asphalt particles of the Buton asphalt rock inside are limited, in other words, the asphalt contents are contained deep inside the shell particles. The newly invented method described herein supplements the disadvantages of the prior invention.

The concept of this new invention is very different from the conventional method (and vice versa). While the purification of bitumen in the conventional method is carried out by dissolving the bitumen, the method in the present invention is carried out by dissolving the bituminous rock. The recovery of bitumen in the former method is performed by evaporating the solvent and then drying. On the other hand, the recovery of bitumen in this new invention is performed after tilting and drying.

The product obtained from the refining process is further used as a primary agent for oil waste treatment and for converting the oil waste into another environmentally friendly substance. This conversion product has new characteristics. That is, since it does not contain oil or heavy metal and does not generate harmful odor, it can be placed underground and safely filled.

Currently, as a method for treating oil waste, (a)
There are two methods: destruction method and (b) partial reuse method.

The main principle of the first method is to burn oil waste at high temperatures and neutralize the emitted toxic gases before they are released into the atmosphere. This destructive method requires fuel (propane, natural gas or fuel oil) to be injected into the system. The incineration method is usually used in this method.

In the second method, the oil portion is separated from the aqueous solution in the oil waste, for example using physical or chemical methods in a vertical separator. The oil fraction separated from the waste is then returned to the production system while the remaining waste, which still contains a small portion of the oil, is reprocessed by the destructive method.

The oil waste treatment method of the present invention by treating pure asphalt and additives is superior to both of the above mentioned methods. The present invention is a completely different method, which is capable of converting oil wastes into various products (reclassification).

Primarily, oil waste is converted to new environmentally friendly products in the form of soil stabilizers or improved asphalt. A diagram of the above-mentioned method of oil waste treatment is shown in FIG .

The method (conversion) of the oil waste treatment by the substance comprises the following steps. First is the dehydration method,
This is a method of separating water from a system using physical and / or chemical methods. This physical separation method
It may include a heating / evaporating step at atmospheric pressure or in vacuum. Chemical separation is applied by adding a water absorbing agent. The second is a step of adding calcium oxide (CaO) to neutralize the organic acid. Third is the step of adding cellulose fibers and binding / absorbing light hydrocarbons. Fourth, the step of adding pure Buton asphalt to form a stable cohesive agent to avoid environmental pollution. The above method is carried out at a temperature of 80-175 ° C. At ambient temperature, this method produces a solid or semi-solid.

Using this method, the oil waste resulting from the cleaning and refining of oil fields, oil tanks / oil tankers is effectively treated.

In order to extend its use (as well as landfill), the converted eco-friendly products can be further processed to obtain soil stabilizers or improved asphalt.
The term "improved asphalt" is used to distinguish this product from the asphalt commonly known as a by-product of petroleum refining. However, each has the same characteristics.

The soil stabilizer is obtained by adding a certain amount of slaked lime (5 to 15%) at a temperature of 80 to 100 ° C. and uniformly mixing.

Improved asphalt is derived by adding an antistripping agent having anionic character as a tertiary amine compound or its derivative. Gilsonite or Trinidad asphalt is added in measured amounts of 1% to 10% to obtain the desired penetration.

The soil stabilizer in road construction is applied by preparing a heated formulation of existing soil and 11-14% soil stabilizer. Further hot mix is added onto the prepared surface and molded with tandem rollers and tire rollers.

A specific application of the above technique is as follows. First, it is applied in the construction of work roads or low-cost roads in oilfield areas, plantation areas, mining areas, forest areas, and resettlement areas. Second is the application in the preparation of auxiliary substrata and substratum in the construction of highways located in areas with low aggregates. Third is the application for treating unfavorable types of soil (usually considered unfavorable substances) such as expanded soil, soft soil and mud and converting it into preferred (selected) substances.

The application of the improved asphalt obtained according to the invention is almost the same as the conventional asphalt produced by petroleum refining, by applying a hot blend of agglomerates and 5-8% asphalt. The other application method is almost the same as the application of conventional asphalt.

Further, this technique has application in the treatment of oil-based muds resulting from oil drilling. The difference from the application mentioned above is that the product obtained from the oil-based mud cannot be subsequently converted into a soil stabilizer or improved asphalt due to the high solids content.

[0028]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for purifying natural asphalt (eg, Buton natural asphalt) contained in carbonate rock, and a primary agent for treating oil waste to obtain an environmentally friendly substance. Including the use of. Natural asphalt used as the main substance for treating oil waste is not limited to Buton asphalt,
It is also applicable to other natural asphalts such as Gilsonite, Trinidad Asphalt, Graham Ore and other natural asphalts.

The products resulting from the application of this waste treatment method are environmentally friendly and meet landfill requirements. Furthermore, this product can be treated to derive a soil stabilizer with cationic character, or further treated to obtain improved asphalt with anionic character. These two products derived from auxiliary processing are used in road construction. Soil stabilizers in road construction are applied by preparing a heated mixture of soil and stabilizer. Next, the heated compound is spread and molded. Similarly, the modified asphalt is heat compounded with the agglomerates and coated onto the prepared substrate to form. Application of soil stabilizer is road base layer and low cost (simple)
Although limited to road surfaces, the improved asphalt is applicable to both road substrata and highway surfaces as well as petroleum asphalt applications.

[0030]

[Means for Solving the Problems] FIG. 2 shows the natural asphalt rock structure found in Indonesia.
It is widely known as Buton asphalt because it is mined on n islands. Asbu
The rocks forming ton consist of microplankton with extremely high specific areas. The porosity of rocks is also extremely high, as opposed to its low permeability. Pure bitumen is contained in the porous rock.

The combination of this rock property, ie high specific area and low permeability, made conventional extraction (with steam or organic solvents) inapplicable to Asbuton. Applying conventional extraction methods results in inefficient and uneconomical production. With this method, 40% per production cycle
Up to the extraction solvent loss.

The principles of the present invention are the exact opposite of conventional methods. The bitumen extraction in the conventional method is carried out by using a solvent, so that the rock boulders are relatively intact. The bitumen is further separated from the solvent and dried and the final product is collected.

In the present invention, the rock matrix is dissolved in a solution of water and an inorganic acid (sulfide acid) by increasing the ratio of water. Decomposition of the rock matrix releases pure bitumen with a concentration of ± 1.03 gr / cc and floats because some of the released CO ₂ gas is trapped inside. On the other hand, particles having a concentration of ± 2 gr / cc settle due to the same chemical reaction.
Due to the large difference in concentration between the expected product and the by-products, the separation is easily performed by tilting. After that, a drying process is performed to collect the final product.

FIG. 3 illustrates a method according to the present invention in which pure asphalt is obtained from Asbuton by the several processing steps described in the discussion below.

[0035]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION First, As of a constant particle size is used.
Put a piece of buton rock in a mixing tank, add a fixed amount of an inorganic solvent such as sulfuric acid, and mix at a measurement rotation per minute. The chemical reaction that takes place in the mixing tank is the ionic reaction described below.

The CO ₂ gas released into the asphalt + CaCO ₃ + H ₂ SO ₄ → asphalt + CaSO ₄ + H ₂ O + C O ₂ mixing tank is removed from the tank and the asphalt is separated from the solution by a separator. The asphalt portion is then dried to obtain almost 100% pure asphalt.

The high purity obtained by applying the present invention is enhanced by the ionic reaction in separating the shell, which is different from the conventional method.

Improved asphalt is produced by thoroughly mixing the residual oil and fines in a mixing tank. The improved asphalt obtained is immediately packaged by addition of various fillers and by heat treatment at 90-200 ° C.

The composition range of the improved asphalt is shown below.

Pure asphalt = 2 to 40% by weight Residual oil = 60 to 90% by weight Cellulose fiber = 0.5 to 2% Lime [ Ca (OH) ₂ or CaO] = 7.5 to 50% by weight Buton asphalt rock ( Asbuton) purification example, asphalt content = 40% To obtain 1 kg of pure asphalt having a purity close to 100%, 3.5 l of water is poured into a mixing tank having a volume of 10 l. Four
2.5 kg Asbu with 0% asphalt content
Insert ton. Add 0.5 liter of 96% H ₂ SO ₄ solution and mix thoroughly to release all asphalt particles from the Asbuton shell. With a separator,
Dissolve asphalt from solution and dry.

[0041]

The products obtained from the application of the waste treatment method according to the invention are environmentally friendly and meet landfill requirements. Furthermore, this product can be treated to derive a soil stabilizer with cationic character, or further treated to obtain improved asphalt with anionic character.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a micrograph of a natural asphalt rock used in a conventional method.

FIG. 2 Bu used in the novel method according to the invention
It is a microscope figure of ton natural asphalt rock.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the method for treating oil waste according to the present invention and the production of soil stabilizer and improved asphalt.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───Continued from the front page (72) Inventor Lismint Jakarta, Indonesia 14250 Jay El Raya Pegang San Dua Kem 3, Metrics Elsipta Building (No house) P.P. tea. (56) Reference JP-A-7-185034 (JP, A) JP-A-48-74523 (JP, A) JP-A-52-59624 (JP, A) JP-A-57-149388 (JP) , A) JP-A-5-295368 (JP, A) JP-A-6-136367 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C10C 1/00-3/18 C09K 17/00-17/52 C10G 1/00-75/04

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A step of dehydrating oil waste, Neutralizing the dehydrated oil waste, Adding a cellulosic material, The step of adding asphalt, Waste oil treatment method including. 2. A method for treating oil waste, which further comprises the step of producing a soil stabilizer by adding slaked lime to the product obtained in claim 1 . 3. A method for treating oil waste, which further comprises the step of adding an anti-stripping agent containing a tertiary amine compound and / or its derivative to the product obtained in claim 1 .