JP3285936B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus provided with an alignment optical system having an alignment light source for an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an ophthalmologic apparatus that allows a subject to align an eye with an optical axis of an apparatus optical system is known. In this type of ophthalmologic apparatus, when a plurality of indices are projected on the fundus and the positions are shifted due to the relationship between the visual axis of the eye to be examined and the optical axis of the apparatus optical system, the plurality of indices are detected by the periphery of the pupil. Utilizing either of these, the examinee is caused to determine whether the alignment of the subject's eye in the vertical and horizontal directions and the front and rear directions of the apparatus optical system is appropriate.

[0003]

However, the pupil of the subject is not always constant. If the visual axis of the subject's eye is slightly displaced in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the optical axis of the apparatus optical system, a plurality of the pupils may be generated. Since the indices disappear almost at the same time, it is difficult for the subject to align his eyes with the optical axis of the apparatus optical system.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible for a subject to easily align his or her eyes with respect to the optical axis of an apparatus optical system. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ophthalmic apparatus capable of performing the above-mentioned operations.

[0005]

An ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 1 wherein :
The arrangement is provided with an alignment optical system having an alignment light source for the eye to be examined,
The alignment optical system has an index plate in front of the alignment light source for allowing a subject to see an index, and the index plate has a plurality of transmission paths for transmitting an irradiation light beam emitted from the alignment light source. window is formed, several transmission window plurality is disposed on the index plate, as the transmitted light beam transmitted through the translucent over window and enters the eye through the pupil perimeter, said plurality
The plurality of transmission windows transmit transmitted light beams of different colors from each other, and perform positioning with respect to the eye to be inspected based on the transmitted light beams transmitted through the plurality of transmission windows. Claim 2
The ophthalmologic apparatus according to the above, in order to solve the above problems,
Optics with alignment light source for optics
A system, wherein the alignment optical system is provided with the alignment system.
Indicator plate for the subject to see the index in front of the light source
And the indicator plate emits light from the alignment light source.
Multiple transmission windows for transmitting the irradiated light beam
The plurality of transmission windows are provided with a transmitted light beam transmitted through the transmission window.
Arranged on the index plate so as to pass through the periphery of the pupil and enter the eye
And a plurality of transmitted light beams are alternately provided in front of the transmission window.
A light shielding member for shielding light is provided, and the plurality of transmission windows are transparent.
Based on the transmitted light flux
It is characterized by performing.

[0006]

According to the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention, the irradiation light beam emitted from the alignment light source passes through each of the plurality of transmission windows formed on the index plate and is guided to the eye to be examined.

The transmitted light flux transmitted through each of the transmission windows passes through the periphery of the pupil of the eye to be examined and enters the eye. If the optical axis of the apparatus optical system is displaced from the eye to be examined, at least a part of the transmitted light flux transmitted through the plurality of transmission windows is cut off by the pupil periphery, so that the amount of transmitted light flux entering the eye decreases. . Therefore, if the colors of the transmitted light beams are made different from each other, the difference in the light amount of the transmitted light beams causes the color to appear different from the color when the position of the eye to be examined with respect to the optical axis of the apparatus optical system is in an appropriate state. Thus, the subject can determine whether or not the position of the eye with respect to the apparatus optical system is appropriate based on the color difference. In addition, when a plurality of transmitted light beams are alternately shielded and only one of them is projected on the eye to be examined, the index appears intermittently if the eye is not at an appropriate position. It can be determined whether the position of the eye with respect to the optical system is appropriate.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is an optical diagram showing a first embodiment of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention. The optical system shown in FIG. 1 is used for a fundus camera. In FIG. 1, 1 is an illumination optical system, 2 is a photographing optical system, O1 is an optical axis of the illumination optical system 1, and O2 is an optical axis of the photographing optical system. The illumination optical system 1 includes a halogen lamp 3 as an illumination light source for observation, a condenser lens 4, a xenon lamp 5, a condenser lens 6, a small-diameter light-shielding plate 7, a ring-shaped aperture 8, a small-diameter light-shielding plate 9, and a relay lens. 10, a reflection mirror 11, a black spot plate 12, and a relay lens 13. The imaging optical system 2 includes an objective lens 14, a perforated mirror 15, a focusing lens 16, an imaging lens 17, a quick return mirror 18, a field lens 19, a reflection mirror 20, a relay lens 21, and C
It has a CD camera 22.

The objective lens 14 faces the eye 23 to be examined. The small-diameter light shielding plate 7 is conjugated to the cornea 24, the ring-shaped diaphragm 8 is conjugated to the pupil 25, and the small-diameter light shielding plate 9 is
It is almost conjugate with a. The black spot plate 12 is for removing harmful reflected light. Further, the field lens 19 of the photographing optical system 2 and the fundus 27 are conjugate.

Illumination light for observation by the halogen lamp 3 is guided to the eye 23 through optical components from the condenser lens 4 to the objective lens 14, and the fundus 2 of the eye 23 is examined.
7 is projected. Illumination light for imaging by the xenon lamp 5 is applied to the fundus 27 of the eye 23 through optical components from the condenser lens 6 to the objective lens 14.

At the time of observation, reflected light for observation from the fundus 27 is transmitted through the objective lens 14 and the hole 15 of the perforated mirror 15.
a, guided to a field lens 19 via a focusing lens 16, an imaging lens 17, and a quick return mirror 18,
An aerial image of the fundus 27 is formed at a position conjugate with the fundus of the field lens 19. This aerial image is relayed to a CCD camera 22 by a reflection mirror 20 and a relay lens 21, and a fundus image is formed on an image receiving surface 22 a of the CCD camera 22. The CCD camera 22 is connected to a signal processing circuit 28, and the signal processing circuit 28 is connected to a television monitor 29. The fundus image 30 is projected on the television monitor 29 by the video output from the CCD camera 22.

At the time of photographing, the quick return mirror 18
Is retracted from the optical path of the photographing optical system 2, and the reflected light for photographing is guided to a film (not shown) through the objective lens 14, the hole 15a of the perforated mirror 15, the focusing lens 16, and the imaging lens 17, Photographing is performed.

The optical system of the fundus camera has an alignment optical system 31. O3 is the optical axis of the alignment optical system 31. This alignment optical system 31
Alignment light source 32, condenser lens 33, pinhole plate 34, reflection mirror 35, collimating lens 3
6, an index plate 37 and a movable mirror 38 are provided. The pinhole plate 34 is conjugate to the alignment light source 32 with respect to the condenser lens 33. The focal point of the collimator lens 36 is located at the position where the pinhole plate 34 is provided. The reflected light flux is guided to the collimator lens 36 and is converted into a parallel light flux parallel to the optical axis O3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the index plate 37 is provided with transmission windows 39, 40, and 41 having the same shape at positions equidistant from the center C in the radial direction and at equal angles around the center C. Have been. The transmission windows 39, 40, and 41 transmit light of different colors from each other. In this embodiment, the transmission window 39 transmits red light, the transmission window 40 transmits green light, and the transmission window 41 transmits light of different colors. It transmits blue light.

The transmission windows 39, 40, 41 are rectangular in this embodiment, and the optical axis O of the photographing optical system 2 is
When the alignment of the eye 23 in the up, down, left, and right directions with respect to the eye 2 is in an appropriate state, in other words, when the visual axis O4 of the eye 23 matches the optical axis O2, the transmission window 39,
Short sides 39a, 40a, 41 radially outside of 40, 41
The light beam defined by a is positioned at the edge 25a of the pupil 25 as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, 39 ′ is a transmitted light beam passing through the transmission window 39 and entering the eye, 40 ′ is a transmitted light beam passing through the transmission window 40 and entering the eye, and 41 ′ is transmitted through the transmission window 41. 3 shows a transmitted light beam incident on the eye.

The movable mirror 38 is provided so as to be inserted into and removed from the optical path of the photographing optical system 2 between the objective lens 14 and the eye 23 to be inspected. The movable mirror 38 is retracted from the optical path of the imaging optical system 2 during observation and imaging, and is inserted into the optical path of the imaging optical system 2 when aligning the apparatus optical system with the eye 23 to be inspected.

As described above, in this embodiment, the light beam transmitted through the pinhole plate 34 is converted into a parallel light beam by the collimating lens 36, passes through the transmission windows 39, 40 and 41, is reflected by the movable mirror 38, and is covered. The light is guided to the optometry 23 and enters the eye through the periphery of the pupil 25 as shown in FIG. Then, the light is focused on one point of the fundus 27 by the crystalline lens 26.

In the fundus camera of this embodiment, the subject's eye 23
The alignment in the optical axis direction from the corneal vertex M to the objective lens 14 is performed by detecting the corneal reflected light with a detector in the same manner as in the related art, and the vertical alignment of the subject's eye 23 with respect to the optical axis O2 of the imaging optical system 2 is performed. Only the left-right alignment is left to the subject.

The subject's eye 2 is positioned with respect to the optical axis O2 of the photographing optical system 2.
If the positions of the light beams 3 are shifted in the vertical and horizontal directions, at least one of the three transmitted light beams 39 ′, 40 ′, and 41 ′ is blocked by the peripheral edge 25 a of the pupil 25 as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a state where a part of the transmitted light beams 39 ′ and 40 ′ is shielded by the pupil 25. Then, the amount of transmitted light of the transmitted light fluxes 39 'and 40' is reduced as compared with that in a proper state. Therefore, the three transmitted light beams 39
When ', 40', 41 'are imaged at one point on the fundus 27, they will be different from the color perceived in the proper state.

In this embodiment, the optical axis O2 of the photographing optical system 2 is
Is white when the position of the eye 23 in the vertical and horizontal directions is appropriate, but if the position of the eye 23 in the vertical and horizontal directions is displaced from the optical axis O2 of the imaging optical system 2, The examiner will see the colored indicator. Therefore, the subject can adjust the position of the subject's eye 23 with respect to the apparatus optical system based on the presence or absence of color.

FIG. 5 is an optical diagram showing a second embodiment of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention.

In FIG. 5, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The illumination optical system 1 includes a relay lens 10 and a black spot plate 1.
3, an infrared transmitting visible reflecting mirror 42 is provided instead of the reflecting mirror 11.

The illumination light of the halogen lamp 3 is condensed by a concave mirror 43. Further, an infrared filter 5 ′ is provided between the condenser lens 4 and the flash tube 5. The illumination light of the halogen lamp 3 is guided to the infrared transmission visible reflection mirror 43 via optical components from the condenser lens 4 to the relay lens 10, and only the infrared light flux is transmitted through the infrared transmission visible reflection mirror 43 and covered. The eye is guided to the optometry 23, and the fundus 27 is illuminated.

The infrared transmitting and reflecting mirror 43 constitutes a part of the alignment optical system 31. This alignment optical system 31 includes an alignment light source 32, a condenser lens 33, and a pinhole plate 3 as in the first embodiment.
4. It has an index plate 37. Pinhole plate 34 and indicator plate 3
7, a projection lens 44 is provided. The pinhole plate 34 is disposed at a position conjugate with the fundus 27 and the index plate 3
Reference numeral 7 is disposed at a position conjugate with the pupil 25.

According to the second embodiment, after the conjugate image of the index plate 37 is once formed at the position of the pupil 25 as shown in FIG. 6, the transmitted light flux 39 transmitted through each transmission window of the index plate 37.
′, 40 ′, and 41 ′ are converged at one point on the fundus oculi 27, and each transmitted light beam becomes an oblique light beam with respect to the optical axis O 2 of the imaging optical system 2.

Also in the case of the second embodiment, the photographing optical system 2
When the subject's eye 23 is in an appropriate state with respect to the optical axis O2, the transmitted light flux enters the eye in a symmetrical state with respect to the visual axis O4 at the pupil position, so that the amount of the transmitted light flux incident on the eye is equal. Become. On the other hand, when the eye 23 is displaced from its proper position with respect to the optical axis O2 of the imaging optical system 2, each transmitted light flux enters the eye asymmetrically with respect to the visual axis O4 at the pupil position. The amounts of transmitted light fluxes entering the eye are different from each other. Therefore,
As in the first embodiment, the subject can adjust the position of the subject's eye with respect to the apparatus optical system based on the difference in perceived color.

During photographing, the infrared transmitting and reflecting mirror 42 is retracted from the optical path of the illumination optical system 1. Furthermore,
When the distance in the optical axis direction from the corneal vertex M to the objective lens 14 is not in an appropriate state, each transmitted light beam appears to be separated.

FIGS. 7 to 10 show a third embodiment of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention. In this third embodiment, the transmission windows 39, 40, 4 and 4 formed on the index plate 37 are shown.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a circular through hole, and a rotary light shielding plate 50 is provided in front of the index plate 37. The rotating light shielding plate 50 includes
As shown in FIG. 8, arc holes 51, 52 and 53 are provided. The arc-shaped holes 51, 52, 53 are provided around the rotation center C ′ of the rotary light shielding plate 50. This rotating light shielding plate 5
The center of rotation C ′ of 0 and the center C of the index plate 37 are eccentric. , Arc-shaped holes 51, 52, and 53 have different radial distances from the rotation center C 'according to their eccentricities.

As shown in FIG. 9A, when the subject's eye 23 is displaced in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the apparatus optical system,
At least one of the transmitted light beams 39 ′, 40 ′, 41 ′ is cut off by the periphery 25 a of the pupil. For example, it is assumed that the transmitted light beam 40 'is shaded by the periphery 25a of the pupil.
In this case, when the arc-shaped hole 53 of the rotary light-shielding plate 50 is in a state of transmitting the transmitted light flux transmitted through the transmission window 40, the rotary light-shielding plate 50 is in a state of shielding the transmitted light flux 39 ', 41'. Since 40 ′ is shaded by the pupil periphery 25 a, none of the transmitted light beams 39 ′, 40 ′, 41 ′ reaches the fundus 27. Accordingly, the subject alternately perceives a state in which the transmitted light beams 39 ′ and 41 ′ are visible and a state in which they are not visible (perceives a blinking state).

On the other hand, when the position of the eye 23 in the up, down, left, and right directions with respect to the apparatus optical system is in an appropriate state,
As shown in FIG. 9B, the transmitted light fluxes 39 ′, 40 ′, 41
Is incident on the subject's eye 23 without being shaken by the peripheral edge 25a of the pupil, and all of the transmitted light beams 39 ', 40', and 41 'reach the fundus 27. Therefore, FIG.
As shown in (b), the subject perceives a continuous lighting state.

Therefore, the subject can perform the alignment by himself / herself depending on the presence or absence of the continuous lighting state.

While the embodiment has been described above, the first embodiment includes the following modifications.

Instead of the index plate 37, the index plate 3 shown in FIG.
7 is provided between the collimating lens 36 and the movable mirror 38, and the index plate 37 and the movable mirror 3 are provided.
When the position of the subject's eye 23 in the up, down, left, and right directions with respect to the apparatus optical system is inappropriate, the subject can perceive a blinking state, and when it is in the proper state, a continuous light shielding plate 50 is provided. The lighting state can be perceived, and the proper state can be perceived by the presence or absence of blinking as in the third embodiment, not by color change.

[0035]

Since the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention is configured as described above, the effect that the subject himself can easily perform the eye alignment with respect to the optical axis of the apparatus optical system can be obtained. Play.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of an optical system of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the index plate of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state of incidence of a transmitted light beam on a pupil when an eye to be inspected is positioned in an appropriate state with respect to an optical axis of a photographing optical system.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state of incidence of a transmitted light beam on a pupil when an eye to be inspected is not positioned in an appropriate state with respect to an optical axis of a photographing optical system.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the optical system of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a conjugate image of an index plate formed on a pupil by the optical system of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the optical system of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention.

8 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the rotary light shielding plate shown in FIG. 7 and an index plate.

FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating a state in which a transmitted light beam enters a pupil when an eye to be inspected is not positioned in an appropriate state with respect to an optical axis of a photographing optical system. FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating a state where the transmitted light flux enters the pupil when the eye to be inspected is positioned in an appropriate state with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system.

FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram illustrating a perceived state of the subject's eye when the subject's eye is not positioned in an appropriate state with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system. FIG. 10B is a diagram illustrating a perceived state of the subject's eye when the subject's eye is positioned in an appropriate state with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 23 Eye to be inspected 25 Pupil 27 Fundus 31 Alignment optical system 32 Alignment light source 37 Index plate 39, 40, 41 Transmission window

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-168929 (JP, A) JP-A-4-263833 (JP, A) JP-A-3-80705 (JP, U) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 3/00-3/16

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An alignment optical system having an alignment light source for an eye to be inspected is provided. The alignment optical system has an index plate for allowing an examinee to see an index in front of the alignment light source, The plate is formed with a plurality of transmission windows for transmitting the irradiation light beam emitted from the alignment light source, and the plurality of transmission windows allow the transmitted light beam transmitted through the transmission window to pass through the periphery of the pupil into the eye. The plurality of transmission windows are disposed on the index plate so as to be incident.
An ophthalmologic apparatus , wherein transmitted light beams of different colors are transmitted through the plurality of transmission windows, and positioning with respect to the eye to be inspected is performed based on the transmitted light beams. 2. An alignment light source for an eye to be inspected is provided.
An alignment optical system for adjusting the alignment light
The academic system gives an index to the subject in front of the alignment light source.
An indicator plate for adjusting the
That transmit the irradiation light beam emitted from the light source for
Number of transmission window is formed, several transmission window plurality is disposed on the index plate, as the transmitted light beam transmitted through the translucent over window and enters the eye through the pupil perimeter, the front of the transmission window Multiple
An ophthalmologic apparatus , comprising: a light-shielding member that alternately shields the transmitted light flux of (a), and performs positioning with respect to the eye to be inspected based on the transmitted light flux transmitted through the plurality of transmission windows.