JP3208254B2 - Heat pump equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat pump device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a heat pump apparatus, when the two heat exchangers N1 and N2 are made to function as a refrigerant evaporator, the entire amount of the refrigerant from the expansion means EX is exchanged with one of the heat exchangers as shown in FIG. A type in which the entire amount of the refrigerant that has passed through one heat exchanger N1 is supplied to the other heat exchanger N2, that is, two heat exchangers N1 and N2 that function as a refrigerant evaporator. There is a type in which N2 is connected in series.

That is, the refrigerant supplied from the expansion means EX, which has not been sufficiently evaporated during the passage through the upstream heat exchanger N1, is evaporated during the passage through the downstream heat exchanger N2. There is no need to adjust the refrigerant distribution ratio due to the change in the refrigerant evaporation capacity ratio between the two heat exchangers N1 and N2, which function as refrigerant evaporators, in comparison with the type in which the refrigerant is distributed and supplied in parallel to the two heat exchangers N1 and N2. Becomes

[0004]

However, in the above-described conventional series connection type, the refrigerant which has sufficiently evaporated in the process of passing through the upstream heat exchanger N1 (that is, the downstream heat exchanger N1).
2) is also sent to the downstream heat exchanger N2 together with the insufficiently evaporated refrigerant, so that the pressure loss of the downstream heat exchanger N2 increases, and the pressure in the downstream heat exchanger N2 increases. There has been a problem that the refrigerant evaporation pressure is increased, and the operating efficiency of the heat pump is reduced due to these.

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, the object of the present invention is as follows.

A first object of the present invention is to obtain high operation efficiency in an endothermic operation in which two heat exchangers are connected in series to function as an evaporator ,

[0007] In addition, the functionality and applicability of endothermic operation
The point is to improve .

[0008] A second object of the present invention is to effectively improve the operation efficiency in the heat absorption operation and to improve the operation stability.

[0009] A third object of the present invention is to make it possible to perform a heat-dissipating operation in which two heat exchangers function as a condenser with high operating efficiency as a switching operation between the heat-absorbing operation.

[0010] A fourth object of the present invention is to improve the functionality and applicability of the heat dissipation operation performed by switching to the heat absorption operation.

[0011] A fifth object of the present invention, taking advantage of the benefits of a series connection form the two heat exchanger lies in that allows a stable endothermic <br/> OPERATION.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems [First characteristic configuration] A first characteristic configuration of the present invention is a heat absorbing operation in which both or one of two heat exchangers functions as a refrigerant evaporator.
To make both of the heat exchangers function as refrigerant evaporators
As an embodiment of the operation mode , an endothermic operation introduction path that guides the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion means to one heat exchanger, and the refrigerant that has passed through one heat exchanger is converted into a high-evaporation refrigerant and a low-evaporation refrigerant. And a low-evaporation-phase refrigerant separated by the heat-absorbing operation separator into the other heat exchanger (N
An intermediate path for heat absorption operation leading to 2), the only set an endothermic operation for separator in guiding the refrigerant passing through the separate high degree of evaporation refrigerant and the other heat exchanger to the compressor heat absorbing operation for deriving channel, wherein Heat absorption
In operation, one of the heat exchangers is
Operation mode switching configuration to function as an evaporator
As a choice, either one of the heat exchangers can be selected.
And one of the heat exchangers and the heat absorbing operation
Heat exchange with the other in the refrigerant circuit that bypasses the refrigerant to the separator
Circuit state for supplying refrigerant from the expansion means to the vessel
In other words, the heat absorbing operation selecting means is provided .

[Second feature configuration] A second feature configuration of the present invention specifies a preferred specific configuration in the implementation of the above-mentioned first feature configuration. Ru near that you have to do so.

[0014] Third, wherein Configuration of third characterizing feature of the present invention is to identify a specific preferred configuration in the practice of the first or second characteristic feature of the above,
As switching with the heat absorbing operation, switching means for switching an operation state to a heat radiation operation in which both or one of the heat exchangers functions as a refrigerant condenser is provided, and in the heat radiation operation , both of the heat exchangers are condensed with refrigerant. Function as a vessel
As an implementation configuration of the operation mode to be performed , a heat-dissipation operation introduction path that guides the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to one of the heat exchangers,
A heat-dissipation operation separator that separates the refrigerant that has passed through one heat exchanger into a high-condensation degree refrigerant and a low-condensation degree refrigerant, and converts the low-condensation degree refrigerant separated by the heat-dissipation operation separator into the other heat An intermediate path for heat dissipation operation leading to the heat exchanger, and an outlet path for heat dissipation operation for guiding the high-condensed refrigerant separated by the heat dissipation operation separator and the refrigerant passed through the other heat exchanger to the expansion means. It is in.

[0015] The fourth characterizing feature of the Fourth characterizing feature The present invention is intended to identify the specific preferred construction in the practice of the third characterizing feature described above, of the heat exchanger in the radiating operation of the Cool either one
Switching exemplary configuration of the operation mode to function as a medium condenser
As formed, the one selected one of the heat exchanger
Enabling one of the heat exchangers and the heat dissipation operation
Heat exchange by the refrigerant circulation to bypass the refrigerant
The heat exchanger is provided with a heat-dissipation operation selecting means for forming a circuit state for supplying the refrigerant from the compressor to the heat exchanger.

[0016] Fifth, characterized Configuration] The fifth characterizing feature of the present invention, first the second, third or
The present invention specifies a preferred specific configuration in the implementation of the fourth characteristic configuration, and uses both of the heat exchangers as refrigerant evaporators.
In the endothermic operation in the operating mode
Of the heat exchanger , located upstream of the endothermic operation separator
Heat exchange on the upstream side to supply the refrigerant from the expansion means.
The heat exchanger is a heat exchanger for gas with a gas heat source as a heat exchange target, and is located downstream of the heat absorbing operation separator.
The low-evaporation refrigerant separated by the endothermic operation separator is supplied.
The heat exchanger on the downstream side is a heat exchanger for liquid with a liquid heat source as a heat exchange target.

[0017]

[Operation] [Operation of the first characteristic configuration] In the first characteristic configuration, in the heat absorption operation in which both or one of the two heat exchangers functions as a refrigerant evaporator ,
In order for both of these heat exchangers to function as refrigerant evaporators,
The reverse mode (that is, a first heat absorbing operation mode described later) is performed as follows.

The refrigerant that has passed through the expansion means is led to one heat exchanger by an endothermic driving introduction path, and the refrigerant is evaporated by an amount possible in the one heat exchanger.

The refrigerant having passed through one of the heat exchangers is separated by a heat-absorbing operation separator into a refrigerant having a high evaporation degree (that is, a refrigerant having sufficient evaporation) and a refrigerant having a low evaporation degree (that is, a refrigerant having an insufficient evaporation). ) And separated into.

The separated low-evaporation refrigerant is led to the other heat exchanger through the intermediate path for endothermic operation, and is evaporated by an amount possible in the other heat exchanger.

The separated refrigerant having a high degree of evaporation and the refrigerant having passed through the other heat exchanger are guided to the compressor through an endothermic operation outlet path.

Further , in the first characteristic configuration, in the endothermic operation,
Heat absorption function using both heat exchangers as refrigerant evaporators
In addition to the above operation modes,
Heat exchanger and one for heat absorption operation
In the refrigerant circulation that bypasses the refrigerant to the separator, the other heat exchange
Supply the refrigerant from the expansion means to the two heat exchangers.
Heat absorption using only the other heat exchanger of the heat exchanger as a refrigerant evaporator
Operating mode (ie, a second
Or the third heat absorbing operation mode) can be selectively executed.
Wear.

[Operation of the Second Characteristic Configuration] In the second characteristic configuration, the low evaporating refrigerant separated by the endothermic operation separator is decompressed and expanded by the sub-expansion means, and then the other heat on the downstream side is removed. Send to exchanger to evaporate.

[0024] In Third working aspect Configuration of third characterizing feature, as switching between the heat absorption operation,
In performing a heat radiation operation in which both or one of the heat exchangers functions as a refrigerant condenser , the heat exchange
Mode in which both heat exchangers function as refrigerant condensers
(That is, a first heat dissipation operation mode described later) is performed as follows.

The refrigerant discharged from the compressor is led to one of the heat exchangers through the heat-dissipating operation introduction path, and the refrigerant is condensed by an amount possible with the one heat exchanger.

The refrigerant that has passed through one of the heat exchangers is separated by a heat-dissipating separator into a high-condensation refrigerant (ie, a refrigerant with sufficient condensation) and a low-condensation refrigerant (ie, a refrigerant with insufficient condensation). ) And separated into.

The separated low-condensation refrigerant is led to the other heat exchanger via the heat-dissipating intermediate passage, and is condensed by an amount possible in the other heat exchanger.

The separated high-condensation refrigerant and the refrigerant that has passed through the other heat exchanger are guided to the expansion means by a heat-radiating operation outlet path.

[0029] In the Fourth action feature configuration] Fourth characterizing feature, the radiating operation implemented in switching between the heat absorption operation, and the operation mode of dissipating function both of the two heat exchanger as a refrigerant condenser separately, by selecting one of the heat exchanger, while heat exchanger and
In the refrigerant circulation to bypass the refrigerant to the heat dissipation operation separator,
The refrigerant discharged from the compressor is supplied to the other heat exchanger, and
An operation mode in which only the other one of these two heat exchangers functions as a refrigerant condenser (ie,
That is, a second or third heat dissipation operation mode described later is selectively executed.
Can Hodokosuru.

[Operation of Fifth Characteristic Configuration] In the fifth characteristic configuration, both of the two heat exchangers are connected to the refrigerant evaporator.
In the endothermic operation in the operation mode to function as
Of these heat exchangers, it is located upstream of the separator for endothermic operation.
One of the heat exchangers is a gas heat source for heat exchange,
On the other hand, in addition to being located downstream of the endothermic operation separator,
The other heat exchanger uses a liquid heat source whose heat source characteristics such as temperature change characteristics are different from the gas heat source as heat exchange targets.For example, when the heat exchange targets of the two heat exchangers are both gas heat sources, Compared to the case of using a liquid heat source, it is less likely that the capacity of the two heat exchangers (the refrigerant evaporation capacity in the heat absorption operation and the refrigerant condensation capacity in the heat dissipation operation) will be greatly reduced at the same time due to a change in the situation on the heat source side. be able to.

Further, by adopting the gas heat source and the liquid heat source in this way, even if the capacity ratio of the two heat exchangers changes due to the individual situation change of the heat sources, these heat exchangers are connected in series. Therefore, for this change in capacity ratio,
It is not necessary to adjust the refrigerant distribution ratio as required in the case of the parallel connection.

[0032]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, only the separated low-evaporation refrigerant among the refrigerant passing through the upstream heat exchanger is transferred to the downstream heat exchanger. As a result, the pressure loss in the downstream heat exchanger can be reduced, and the refrigerant evaporation pressure in the downstream heat exchanger can be reduced. As a result, high operating efficiency can be obtained in the heat absorbing operation. be able to.

In addition, two heat exchanges are performed by the endothermic operation.
Heats both the heat sinks or one of the selected ones
An operation mode in which only the heat exchanger functions to absorb heat
High functionality and applicability can be achieved by switching
be able to.

[Effect of Second Characteristic Configuration] According to the second characteristic configuration of the present invention, the pressure reduction /
The expansion can promote the evaporation of the low-evaporation refrigerant in the other heat exchanger on the downstream side, thereby effectively improving the operation efficiency in the heat absorption operation in combination with the operation and effect of the first characteristic configuration. it can.

Further, a function of preventing the refrigerant having a low evaporation degree from returning to the compressor is also exhibited, whereby the operation stability of the heat absorption operation can be improved.

[Effects of the third characteristic configuration] According to the third characteristic configuration of the present invention, high functionality can be obtained by performing the heat radiation operation by switching to the heat absorption operation.

In the heat radiation operation, only the separated low-condensation refrigerant of the refrigerant passing through the upstream heat exchanger is sent to the downstream heat exchanger, so that the pressure loss of the downstream heat exchanger is reduced. And high operating efficiency can be obtained.

[Effect of Fourth Characteristic Configuration] According to the fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, in addition to the functional improvement by switching between the heat absorption operation and the heat radiation operation, the heat radiation operation
Since the operation mode in which both of the two heat exchangers have the heat radiation function or only the selected one of the heat exchangers has the heat radiation function can be appropriately switched and executed, higher functionality and applicability can be obtained.

[Effect of Fifth Characteristic Configuration] According to the fifth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the capabilities (refrigerant evaporation capability or refrigerant condensing capability) of the two heat exchangers increase simultaneously due to a change in the situation on the heat source side. by hardly occurs a situation may deteriorate, and it makes be very stably performed endothermic operation or radiating operation of the adjusting operation of the refrigerant distribution ratio caused by the situation change of the heat source side is not necessary.

[0040]

FIG. 1 shows a circuit configuration of a heat pump device.
CM is a compressor, Vs is a four-way valve, Ni is an internal heat exchanger, E
X1 is a first expansion valve as a main expansion means, N1 is a first external heat exchanger as a heat exchanger for gas with a gas heat source A such as outside air as a heat exchange target, and N2 is a liquid heat source such as water or brine. This is a second external heat exchanger as a heat exchanger for liquid with L as a heat exchange target.

EX2 is a second expansion valve as auxiliary expansion means,
S1 is a first separator as a separator for heat dissipation operation, S2 is a second separator as a separator for heat absorption operation, V1 is a first three-way valve, V2 is a second three-way valve, and T1 to T4 are non-return valves. It is a valve.

Further, as the refrigerant flow path, r1 is the compressor CM
A first flow path connecting the internal heat exchanger Ni with the first heat exchanger Ni, a second flow path r2 connecting the internal heat exchanger Ni and the first expansion valve EX1, and r3 a first heat exchange element with the first expansion valve EX1. A third flow path connecting the device N1, a fourth flow path r4 connecting the first expansion valve EX1 and the first separator S1 via the first check valve T1 , and a r5 is a fourth flow path connecting the first expansion valve EX1. It is a fifth flow path connecting the first three-way valve V1.

R6 is a sixth flow path connecting the second three-way valve V2 and the compressor CM, and r7 is a seventh flow path connecting the second separator S2 and the compressor CM via the second check valve T2. A path r8 is an eighth flow path connecting the second external heat exchanger N2 and the compressor CM, and r9 is a ninth flow path connecting the first external heat exchanger N1 and the second three-way valve V2. The path r10 is a tenth flow path connecting the second external heat exchanger N2 and the first three-way valve V1.

Then, the first three-way valve V1 and the first separator S1
Are connected by an eleventh flow path r11, and the first separator S1 and the ninth flow path r9 are connected to a twelfth flow path r via a third check valve T3.
12, the second three-way valve V2 and the second separator S2 are connected by a thirteenth flow path r13, and the second separator S
The second and tenth flow paths r10 are connected by a fourteenth flow path r14 via a fourth check valve T4 and a second expansion valve EX2.

As for the operation, a heat absorbing operation in which the four-way valve Vs is in the valve flow path state indicated by the solid line in the figure and a heat radiation operation in which the four-way valve Vs is operated in the valve flow path state indicated by the broken line in the figure can be performed. In operation, two external heat exchangers N1, N
2 and / or one of them functions as an evaporator to cause the gas heat source A and the liquid heat source L to absorb heat, while the internal heat exchanger Ni functions as a condenser to be heated in a heating application or article heating application. In the heat dissipation operation, on the other hand, the two external heat exchangers N1, N
While the internal heat exchanger Ni functions as an evaporator while both or one of the two functions as a condenser and radiates heat to the gas heat source A and the liquid heat source L, the object to be cooled is used for cooling or article cooling. For cooling.

In the above-mentioned heat absorbing operation, the first to third heat absorbing operation modes are selectively executed, and in the heat dissipation operation, the first to third heat discharging operation modes are selectively executed. Next, each of these operation modes will be described.

(First Heat Absorbing Operation Mode) In the first heat absorbing operation mode, the refrigerant (high-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) discharged from the compressor CM is supplied to the four-way valve Vs and the first flow path r.
1 through the internal heat exchanger Ni, condensed in the internal heat exchanger Ni, and the refrigerant (mainly liquid-phase refrigerant) that has passed through the internal heat exchanger Ni undergoes the first expansion through the second flow path r2. Valve EX1
And the pressure is reduced and expanded by the first expansion valve EX1.

The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure wet vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the first expansion valve EX1 is sent to the first external heat exchanger N1 via the third flow path r3, where the gas is supplied to the first external heat exchanger N1. The amount of heat that can be evaporated by heat exchange with the heat source A is evaporated, and the refrigerant that has passed through the first external heat exchanger N1 passes through the ninth flow path r9, the second three-way valve V2, and the thirteenth flow path r13. It is sent to the second separator S2.

The second separator S2 has a function of separating a refrigerant having a high evaporation degree (that is, a refrigerant having a high dryness) and a refrigerant having a low evaporation degree (ie, a refrigerant having a low dryness and a liquid refrigerant).
The separated high-evaporation-grade refrigerant is sent to the seventh flow path r7, and the separated low-evaporation-grade refrigerant is sent to the fourteenth flow path r14.

The low-evaporation degree refrigerant sent to the fourteenth flow path r14 is further decompressed and expanded by the second expansion valve EX2, and then sent to the second external heat exchanger N2 via the tenth flow path r10. The second external heat exchanger N2 evaporates by heat exchange with the liquid heat source L.

Then, the high-evaporation refrigerant sent to the seventh flow path r7 and the refrigerant flowing through the second external heat exchanger N2 to the eighth flow path r7
The refrigerant that has been sent to the outlet 8 is merged, and the merged refrigerant (mainly, low-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) is returned to the suction port of the compressor CM via the four-way valve Vs.

In the first heat absorbing operation mode,
The first three-way valve V1 closes at least two of the fifth flow path r5, the tenth flow path r10, and the eleventh flow path r11, and the second three-way valve V2 controls the sixth flow path r5. Road
Only 6 is closed. That is, the first suction
In the thermal operation mode, the first external heat exchanger for gas is used.
Heat exchanger N1, second separator S as separator for endothermic operation
2 and a second external heat exchanger as a heat exchanger for liquids
Refrigerant circulation for passing refrigerant in series in this order to N2
And both the first and second external heat exchangers N1 and N2
Endothermic function as evaporator.

(Second Endothermic Operation Mode) In the second endothermic operation mode, the refrigerant (high-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) discharged from the compressor CM is supplied to the four-way valve Vs and the first flow path r.
1 to the internal heat exchanger Ni, and the internal heat exchanger N
The refrigerant (mainly liquid-phase refrigerant) that has been condensed at i and passed through the internal heat exchanger Ni is sent to the first expansion valve EX1 via the second flow path r2, and decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve EX1.

The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure wet-vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the first expansion valve EX1 is sent to the first external heat exchanger N1 via the third flow path r3, where the gas is supplied to the first external heat exchanger N1. Evaporate by heat exchange with heat source A.

Then, the entire amount of refrigerant (mainly, low-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the first external heat exchanger N1 is transferred to the ninth flow path r.
9. Return to the suction port of the compressor CM via the second three-way valve V2, the sixth flow path r6, and the four-way valve Vs.

In the second heat absorbing operation mode,
The first three-way valve V1 closes at least two of the fifth flow path r5, the tenth flow path r10, and the eleventh flow path r11, and the second three-way valve V2 controls the thirteenth flow path. Only the path r13 is closed. That is, this
2 In the heat absorbing operation mode, the second heat exchanger for liquid is used.
The second heat exchanger N2 and the second heat exchanger as an endothermic separator
A refrigerant circulation for bypassing the refrigerant to the separator S2, for gas
A first expansion valve E is connected to a first external heat exchanger N1 as a heat exchanger.
The first and second external heat exchangers supplying the refrigerant from X1
Refrigerant evaporates only the first external heat exchanger N1 out of N1 and N2
Heat absorption function as a vessel.

(Third Endothermic Operation Mode) In the third endothermic operation mode, the refrigerant (high-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) discharged from the compressor CM is supplied to the four-way valve Vs and the first flow path r.
1 to the internal heat exchanger Ni, and the internal heat exchanger N
The refrigerant (mainly liquid-phase refrigerant) that has been condensed at i and passed through the internal heat exchanger Ni is sent to the first expansion valve EX1 via the second flow path r2, and decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve EX1.

The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure wet vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the first expansion valve EX1 is supplied to the fifth flow path r5 and the first three-way valve V
1, and sent to the second external heat exchanger N2 via the tenth flow path r10, where it is evaporated by heat exchange with the liquid heat source L in the second external heat exchanger N2.

Then, the entire amount of refrigerant (mainly low-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the second external heat exchanger N2 is transferred to the eighth flow path r8.
And return to the suction port of the compressor CM via the four-way valve Vs.

In this third heat absorbing operation mode,
The first three-way valve V1 is in a closed state only with respect to the eleventh flow path r11, and the second three-way valve V2 is one of the sixth flow path r6, the ninth flow path r9, and the thirteenth flow path r13. At least two flow paths are closed. That is, the third suction
In the thermal operation mode, the first external heat exchanger for gas is used.
Heat exchanger N1 and second separator as endothermic operation separator
In the refrigerant circulation that bypasses the refrigerant to S2, heat exchange for liquid
A first expansion valve EX1 is connected to a second external heat exchanger N2 as a heat exchanger.
From the first and second external heat exchangers N
1 and N2, only the second external heat exchanger N2 is a refrigerant evaporator
As an endothermic function.

(First Radiation Operation Mode) In the first radiation operation mode, the refrigerant (high-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) discharged from the compressor CM is supplied to the four-way valve Vs and the eighth flow path r.
8 to a second external heat exchanger N2, where the possible amount of heat exchange with the liquid heat source L is condensed and passed through the second external heat exchanger N2. The refrigerant is sent to the first separator S1 via the tenth flow path r10, the first three-way valve V1, and the eleventh flow path r11.

The first separator S1 has a function of separating a refrigerant with a high degree of condensation (ie, a liquid refrigerant and a refrigerant with a high degree of wetness) from a refrigerant with a low degree of condensation (ie, a refrigerant with a low degree of wetness). The separated high-condensation refrigerant is sent to the fourth flow path r4, and the separated low-condensation refrigerant is discharged to the twelfth flow path r12.
Sent to

The low-condensation refrigerant sent to the twelfth flow path r12 is sent to the first external heat exchanger N1 via the ninth flow path r9. Condensed by heat exchange.

Then, the high-condensation refrigerant sent to the fourth flow path r4 and the third flow path r passing through the first external heat exchanger N1
3 and the combined refrigerant (mainly liquid refrigerant) is sent to the first expansion valve EX1, and the first expansion valve E1
Decompress and expand with X1.

The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure wet vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the first expansion valve EX1 is sent to the internal heat exchanger Ni via the second flow path r2, and is evaporated in the internal heat exchanger Ni. The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the internal heat exchanger Ni is returned to the suction port of the compressor CM via the first flow path r1 and the four-way valve Vs.

In this first heat dissipation operation mode,
The second three-way valve V2 closes at least two of the sixth channel r6, the ninth channel r9, and the thirteenth channel r13, and the first three-way valve V1 5 channels r
Only 5 is closed. That is, this first release
In the thermal operation mode, the second external heat exchanger for liquid is used.
Heat exchanger N2, first separator S as separator for heat dissipation operation
1. and a first external heat exchanger as a heat exchanger for gas
Refrigerant circulation for passing refrigerant in series to N1 in that order
And both the first and second external heat exchangers N1 and N2
Heat dissipation function as condenser.

(Second heat dissipation operation mode) In the second heat dissipation operation mode, the refrigerant (high-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) discharged from the compressor CM is supplied to the four-way valve Vs and the eighth flow path r.
8 through the second external heat exchanger N2, condenses by heat exchange with the liquid heat source L in the second external heat exchanger N2, and passes through the second external heat exchanger N2 (mainly liquid refrigerant). ) Indicates that the entire amount is in the tenth flow path r10 and the first three-way valve V
The first and the fifth flow path r5 are sent to the first expansion valve EX1 to be decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve EX1.

The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure wet vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the first expansion valve EX1 is sent to the internal heat exchanger Ni via the second flow path r2, and evaporated in the internal heat exchanger Ni. The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the internal heat exchanger Ni is returned to the suction port of the compressor CM via the first flow path r1 and the four-way valve Vs.

In this second heat dissipation operation mode,
The second three-way valve V2 closes at least two of the sixth channel r6, the ninth channel r9, and the thirteenth channel r13, and the first three-way valve V1 Only the eleventh channel r11 is closed. That is, this
2 In the heat dissipation operation mode, the first heat exchanger for gas
The first heat exchanger N1 and the first heat exchanger as a separator for heat dissipation operation
A refrigerant circulation for bypassing the refrigerant to the separator S1, for liquid
The second external heat exchanger N2 as a heat exchanger has a compressor CM
And the first and second external heat exchangers N
1 and N2, only the second external heat exchanger N2 is a refrigerant condenser
As a heat radiation function.

(Third Heat Release Operation Mode) In the third heat release operation mode, the refrigerant (high-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) discharged from the compressor CM is supplied to the four-way valve Vs and the sixth flow path r.
6, the first through the second three-way valve V2 and the ninth flow path r9
The refrigerant (mainly liquid refrigerant) that has been sent to the external heat exchanger N1 and condensed by heat exchange with the gas heat source A in the first external heat exchanger N1 and has passed through the first external heat exchanger N1 has a total amount of The pressure is sent to the first expansion valve EX1 via the third flow path r3, and the pressure is reduced and expanded by the first expansion valve EX1.

The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure wet vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the first expansion valve EX1 is sent to the internal heat exchanger Ni via the second flow path r2, and is evaporated in the internal heat exchanger Ni. The refrigerant (mainly a low-pressure dry vapor refrigerant) that has passed through the internal heat exchanger Ni is returned to the suction port of the compressor CM via the first flow path r1 and the four-way valve Vs.

In this third heat dissipation operation mode,
The second three-way valve V2 is in a closed state with respect to the thirteenth flow path r13, and the first three-way valve V1 is one of the fifth flow path r5, the tenth flow path r10, and the eleventh flow path r11. At least two flow paths are closed. That is, this third
In the heat radiation operation mode, the second outer heat exchanger for liquid is used.
Separation as Partial Heat Exchanger N2 and Separator for Radiation Operation
The refrigerant circulation bypassing the refrigerant to the heater S1 produces heat for gas.
From the compressor CM to the first external heat exchanger N1 as an exchanger
And the first and second external heat exchangers N
1 and N2, only the first external heat exchanger N1 is a refrigerant condenser
As a heat radiation function.

In short, in the above-mentioned "first heat absorbing operation mode", the third flow path r3 is connected to the first flow path as the expansion means.
The refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve EX1 is transferred to two external heat exchangers N.
1 and N2, constitutes an endothermic operation introduction path leading to one of the heat exchangers N1. The second separator S2 separates the refrigerant having passed through the one heat exchanger N1 into a high-evaporation refrigerant and a low-evaporation refrigerant. Flow path r14 and the tenth flow path r10 are configured to separate the low-evaporation degree refrigerant separated by the second separator S2 as the heat absorption operation separator. An intermediate path for heat absorption operation leading to the other heat exchanger N2 of the two external heat exchangers N1 and N2 is formed, and the seventh flow path r7 and the eighth flow path r8 serve as a heat absorption operation separator. The high-evaporation refrigerant separated in the second separator S2 and the other heat exchanger N
An outlet path for heat absorption operation that guides the refrigerant that has passed through 2 to the compressor CM is configured.

In the endothermic operation, the “first to third”
First and second three-way valves V1 and V2 that enable alternate switching of the heat absorption operation mode ”, and fifth and sixth flow paths r
5, r6 allow one of the two external heat exchangers N1, N2 to be selected, and
The refrigerant to the heat and heat absorbing operation separator S2 (second separator)
In the circulation of the circulated refrigerant, the refrigerant from the first expansion valve EX1 as the expansion means is supplied to the other heat exchanger, and a heat absorbing operation selecting means for forming a circuit state such as, for example,
When one of the two external heat exchangers N1 and N2 is made to absorb heat while the other is in a resting state, and the heat source system is maintained for the heat exchanger in the resting state, or in the middle season, etc. In the case where one of the two external heat exchangers N1 and N2 is stopped in response to the small amount of required heat absorption, the above-mentioned alternative switching by the heat absorbing operation selecting means is performed.

Further, the four-way valve Vs constitutes a switching means for switching the operation state to a heat radiation operation in which both or one of the two external heat exchangers N1 and N2 functions as a refrigerant condenser as a switch between the heat absorption operation and the heat absorption operation. And the "1st
In the “radiation operation mode”, the eighth flow path r8 is connected to the compressor C
A heat-dissipation operation introduction path that guides the refrigerant discharged by M to one of the two external heat exchangers N1 and N2 is configured as a heat-dissipation operation introduction path, and the first separator S1 connects the one heat exchanger N2 to the heat exchanger N2. A radiating operation separator that separates the passed refrigerant into a high-condensation degree refrigerant and a low-condensation degree refrigerant is configured. The twelfth flow path r12 and the ninth flow path r9 are the first radiator operation separator. Separator S
The low-condensation degree refrigerant separated in 1 is divided into two external heat exchangers N1,
An intermediate path for heat dissipation operation leading to the other heat exchanger N1 of N2 is formed, and a third flow path r3 and a fourth flow path r4
Is a radiating operation lead-out path for guiding the high-condensation degree refrigerant separated by the first separator S1 as the radiating operation separator and the refrigerant having passed through the other heat exchanger N1 to the first expansion valve EX1 as expansion means. Is configured.

In the heat dissipation operation, the “first to third”
The first and second three-way valves V1 and V2 that enable the alternative switching of the “radiation operation mode” and the fifth and sixth flow paths r
5, r6 allow one of the two external heat exchangers N1, N2 to be selected, and
Bypasses refrigerant to the heat and heat dissipation operation separator S1 (first separator)
A radiating operation selecting means for forming a circuit state in which the refrigerant from the compressor CM is supplied to the other heat exchanger by the circulating refrigerant circulation, for example, two external heat exchangers N
When one of N1 and N2 is radiating heat while the other is in a halt state, and the heat source system for the heat exchanger in the halt state is maintained, or the required amount of heat radiation is small in the middle season, etc. Corresponding to the two external heat exchangers N1, N
In the case where one of the two is stopped, the above-mentioned alternative switching is performed by the heat radiation operation selecting means.

When switching between the first and second three-way valves V1 and V2 between the above-mentioned operation modes,
Combined with the check function of the first to fourth check valves T1 to T4, the flow path between the first expansion valve EX1 and the compressor CM is prevented from being completely, even temporarily, completely shut off. One of these three-way valves V1 and V2 is opened for two of the three connected flow paths, and a few seconds later, the other is closed for two or three of the three connected flow paths. A valve operation configuration for setting the valve state is adopted.

[Another Embodiment] Next, another embodiment will be described.

(1) The heat pump device according to the present invention
The present invention can be applied to various applications including an air-conditioning application such as heating and cooling, and an application such as article heating and article cooling.

(2) In the heat absorbing operation, both or one of them functions as a refrigerant evaporator, and in the heat radiating operation, both or one of them functions as a refrigerant condenser. Instead of making A and the liquid L different, both may be gas or liquid.

Incidentally, reference numerals are written in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of Signs] N1 heat exchanger, heat exchanger for gas N2 heat exchanger, heat exchanger for liquid EX1 expansion means r3 heat absorbing operation introduction path S2 heat absorbing operation separator r14, r10 heat absorbing operation intermediate path CM compressor r7, r8 Heat extraction operation outlet path EX2 Subexpansion means V1, V2 Heat absorption operation selection means, heat radiation operation selection means r5, r6 Heat absorption operation selection means, heat radiation operation selection means Vs switching means r8 Heat dissipation operation Introduction path S1 Separator for heat dissipation operation r12, r9 Intermediate path for heat dissipation operation r3, r4 Outlet path for heat dissipation operation A Gas heat source L Liquid heat source

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] In an endothermic operation in which both or one of the two heat exchangers (N1) and (N2) functions as a refrigerant evaporator, both of the heat exchangers (N1) and (N2) are operated .
As an embodiment of an operation mode for functioning as a refrigerant evaporator , an endothermic operation introduction path (r3) that guides the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion means (EX1) to one heat exchanger (N1), and one of the heat exchangers ( N1), an endothermic operation separator (S2) that separates the refrigerant having passed through the refrigerant into a high-evaporation refrigerant and a low-evaporation refrigerant, and the low-evaporation refrigerant separated by the endothermic operation separator (S2). Heat-receiving intermediate path (r) leading to the heat exchanger (N2)
14), (r10), the high-evaporation refrigerant separated by the heat-absorbing operation separator (S2) and the refrigerant having passed through the other heat exchanger (N2).
M) lead-out paths (r7) and (r8) for heat-absorbing operation.
In the heat absorbing operation, the heat exchangers (N1) and (N2)
Operation to function as one of the refrigerant evaporators
One of the heat exchangers (N1) and (N2) as a switching mode switching implementation configuration
To allow the selection of one of the heat exchangers, and
Refrigerant that bypasses refrigerant to heat-absorbing operation separator (S2)
The other heat exchanger is circulated from the expansion means (EX1) to the other heat exchanger.
Heat absorbing operation selecting means for forming a circuit state for supplying a refrigerant
A heat pump device provided with (V1), (V2), (r5), and (r6) . 2. The heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein a sub-expansion means (EX2) is interposed in the intermediate path for heat absorption operation (r14). 3. A switching means (Vs) for switching an operation state to a heat radiation operation in which both or one of the heat exchangers (N1) and (N2) functions as a refrigerant condenser as a switch to the heat absorption operation. The heat exchangers (N1), (N2)
As an implementation configuration of an operation mode in which both functions as a refrigerant condenser, a heat-dissipation operation introduction path (r8) that guides refrigerant discharged from the compressor (CM) to one heat exchanger (N2). A heat-dissipation separator (S1) for separating the refrigerant having passed through one of the heat exchangers (N2) into a refrigerant with a high degree of condensation and a refrigerant with a low degree of condensation; A heat-dissipating operation intermediate path (r) for guiding the separated low-condensation refrigerant to the other heat exchanger (N1).
12), (r9), a heat-dissipation operation derivation that guides the high-condensation refrigerant separated by the heat-dissipation operation separator (S1) and the refrigerant that has passed through the other heat exchanger (N1) to the expansion means (EX1). Road (r3), (r
The heat pump device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising (4). 4. The heat exchanger in the heat dissipation operation .
One of (N1) and (N2) is a refrigerant condenser
Operation mode switching configuration to function as
And one of the heat exchangers (N1) and (N2)
To allow the selection of one of the heat exchangers, and
Refrigerant that bypasses refrigerant to heat-dissipating operation separator (S1)
Means for selecting a radiating operation (V) that forms a circuit state for supplying the refrigerant from the compressor (CM) to the other heat exchanger in circulation.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein (1), (V2), (r5), and (r6) are provided.
The heat pump device as described in the above. 5. Both of the heat exchangers (N1) and (N2)
Heat absorption in an operation mode in which the refrigerant functions as a refrigerant evaporator
In operation, the heat exchangers (N1) and (N2)
And, it is located upstream of the endothermic operation separator (S2).
Heat on the upstream side for supplying the refrigerant from the expansion means (EX1)
The heat exchanger (N1) is a heat exchanger for gas with the gas heat source (A) as a heat exchange target, and is located downstream of the heat absorbing operation separator (S2).
And the low evaporation rate separated by the endothermic operation separator (S2)
Refrigerant heat exchanger downstream supplies (N2) is a heat pump apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein there a liquid heat source (L) as a heat exchanger to liquid to be heat exchanged.