JP3161266U - Movable grate in a stoker-type combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To avoid occurrence of troubles due to bias of unburned garbage and the like caused by delay operation while eliminating clogging in the gap between the delay grate bar and the adjacent interlocking grate rod, Promote the combustion on the upper surface of the corresponding fixed grate rod and promote the flow of molten glass, aluminum, etc., and move the movable grate smoothly. A movable grate in a stoker-type combustion apparatus in which delay grate bars and interlocking grate bars are alternately arranged with appropriate gaps, wherein the delay grate bar or the interlocking grate bar is provided. A notch portion that penetrates from the front end portion side to the rear end portion side and allows passage of air is provided in a part of the sliding contact lower edge of any one of the front end portions. [Selection] Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a movable grate in a stoker type combustion apparatus used for garbage incineration or the like.

Conventionally, in general, a movable grate and a fixed grate of a stoker-type combustion apparatus are arranged in a staircase shape, the movable grate is moved in a state where both are in sliding contact with each other, and the dust located above is transferred for a while. However, the structure which burns is taken.
A plurality of the movable grate are juxtaposed, but an appropriate gap is formed between them to allow the passage of air, but when ash or the like enters here, it becomes clogged, Combustion is inhibited, and if the gap is increased so as not to cause clogging, there arises a problem that unburned matter falls and unburned matter in the residual ash increases.

  In view of this, the present inventor constructed a movable grate composed of a plurality of interlocking grate bars that operate directly in conjunction with the operating connecting rod and a plurality of delay grate bars that operate with delay. By arranging them alternately, both grate rods move forward in operation, but both delay grate rods are slightly delayed so that even if ash or the like enters the gap between both grate rods, A configuration was proposed in which ash and the like can be dropped downward by friction by relative displacement of the side surface of the rod.

The following documents can be cited as such techniques.
JP-A-5-180429

In the delayed grate rod and the interlocking grate rod 14 in the above-mentioned reference, the sliding contact lower edge 14D (with respect to the fixed grate grate rod) has a linear shape as shown in FIGS. The structure was in contact with the entire surface.
The tip of the entire contact surface of such a movable grate is superior in that it can exert the function of pushing the dust etc. of the upper surface of the grate rod of the fixed grate forward without leaking, but it has melted into the dust etc. When molten glass or molten aluminum accumulates on the upper surface of the fixed grate, the combustion efficiency of dust, etc., decreases on this upper surface, the air flow condition deteriorates, and the movable grate is difficult to slide smoothly. Problem arises.

Therefore, there has been proposed a movable grate rod in which a notch penetrating in the front-rear direction is provided at the tip of the movable grate. As a result, combustion on the upper surface of the grate rod of the fixed grate was promoted, and molten glass, molten aluminum and the like were easily dropped downward through the notch.
Design registration number 921292

  However, as garbage separation began and glass and aluminum products were less likely to be mixed in, the movable grate rod with such cutouts became unnecessary, and again the sliding contact lower edge of the tip (fixed grate) (With respect to the grate rod) is used in a linear shape and in full contact.

However, as described in Patent Document 1, in a stoker combustion apparatus in which a delayed grate bar and an interlocked grate bar (both tip portions are linear and in full contact) are used as the movable grate, the effects described above due to the delayed operation are provided. While (prevention of clogging) can be expected, a new problem has occurred.
That is, when the interlocking grate rod advances slightly ahead of the delayed grate rod, unburned garbage or molten glass pushed forward at the tip of the interlocking grate rod is only pushed forward. As shown in the figure, there is a phenomenon that it is pushed to the tip of the delayed grate rod, which is recessed in plan view, and there is an increase in unburned dust and molten glass at the tip of the delayed grate rod. As a result, the operating resistance increases, the combustion efficiency on the upper surface of the corresponding fixed grate rod decreases, and the tip of the delayed grate rod and the side of the adjacent interlocked grate rod It is a problem that biting and clogging are likely to occur.
In particular, the above problem occurs more remarkably in the present situation where it is difficult to completely prevent the glass and aluminum articles from being mixed even if the waste separation progresses.

  The present invention demonstrates the function of eliminating clogging in the gap between the delayed grate bar and the adjacent interlocking grate bar due to the delayed operation, while also causing troubles due to bias of unburned dust etc. due to this delayed operation. The purpose is to avoid the problem and promote the combustion on the upper surface of the corresponding fixed grate rod and the flow down of molten glass, aluminum, etc., so that the movable grate can be operated smoothly. And

In order to achieve the above object, the movable grate in the stoker type combustion apparatus according to the present invention has a grate rod locked in parallel with a plurality of rows on a connecting rod formed so as to be capable of reciprocating back and forth by a driving means. The movable grate is formed, and as the grate rod of the movable grate, a delayed grate rod that is interlocked with the movement of the connecting rod and an interlocked grate rod that is immediately interlocked with the movement of the connecting rod are alternately arranged. The connecting rod engaging portion of the delayed operation grate rod has a longer length in the front-rear direction than the connecting rod engaging portion of the interlocking grate rod. The fixed grate composed of a plurality of grate rods and the movable grate are alternately arranged in a staircase pattern in the dust feed direction, and the delayed grate rod and the interlocking The upper surface of the grate bar is in front of the upstream side in the garbage feed direction. It slides in contact with the lower surface of the grate rod of the fixed grate, and the lower surfaces of the delayed grate rod and the interlocked grate rod are movable in sliding contact with the upper surface of the grate rod of the fixed grate downstream in the dust feed direction. A movable grate in a stoker-type combustion apparatus configured to be
A notch portion that penetrates from the front end side to the rear end side of the sliding contact lower edge of either one of the delayed grate bar or the interlocking grate bar and allows air to pass therethrough. Is provided.

  According to the present invention, as a movable grate, clogging between both grate rods in a stalker combustion apparatus in which delayed grate rods and interlocking grate rods are alternately juxtaposed with an appropriate gap is eliminated by delay operation. In order to prevent the unburned debris from being biased toward the delayed grate rod due to this delayed operation, a notch should be provided at the tip of either the delayed grate rod or the interlocked grate rod. The following effects are achieved.

  That is, when the notch is provided at the tip of the delay grate rod, it is pushed away by the interlocking grate rod that operates first, and unburned dust, molten glass, etc. Even if the bias is increased and increased, the air can pass through the notch, so that combustion can be promoted and molten glass etc. can be passed to make it easy to fall downward, while pushing forward. The action can be expected. The unburned dust, molten glass, and the like can be reliably pushed forward by the push-out action in the full contact with the upper surface of the fixed grate rod by the tip of the interlocking grate rod without the notch.

  In addition, when the notch is provided at the tip of the interlocking grate rod, when operating first, while promoting the flow of air from the notch to promote and promote combustion, Molten glass or the like can be passed through and dropped, the pushing to the adjacent delayed grate rod side can be suppressed, and the influence on the delayed grate rod that operates in a delayed manner can be reduced in advance.

  However, when notches are provided for both the interlocking grate rod and the delayed grate rod, the total notch length in the full width direction of the movable grate occupies a relatively large ratio. Although combustion can be facilitated by increasing the air flow and molten glass can be easily passed, the forward transfer force of dust etc. by the tips of these interlocking grate bars and delay grate bars, and cleaning of the upper surface of the fixed grate bars The problem is that the force cannot be fully exerted, and the overall efficiency (on the fixed grate rod) can be obtained by providing a notch at only one tip of the grate rods that are alternately arranged as in the present invention. The cleaning efficiency, the dust transfer efficiency, the combustion efficiency due to the passage of air, and the smooth operation by allowing the passage of molten glass, etc.).

In carrying out the present invention, first, it is preferable that the notch portion is provided at a substantially central portion in the width direction of the sliding lower edge of the tip portion of the delay grate rod.
Since the unburned dust and the like pushed out from the adjacent interlocking grate rods on both sides are inevitably easily collected in the substantially central portion in the width direction of the front end portion of the delayed grate rod (of course, originally, the delayed grate In addition to the dust on the entire surface of the rod, by providing a notch in this part, an air flow passing through this is generated, and because of the delayed operation, the tip of the delayed grate rod becomes overcrowded It tends to promote the burning of trash and the like, and allows molten glass or the like to pass through and fall down.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said notch part is provided in the approximate center part of the width direction of the sliding contact lower edge of the front-end | tip part of the said interlocking grate rod.
When configured in this way, air is circulated from the front end of the interlocking grate rod that moves forward in advance, and combustion of unburned dust or the like in the vicinity of the front end is promoted. As a result, the amount of pressure on the tip of the delayed grate rod that is delayed can be prevented from occurring. At the same time, molten glass, aluminum, or the like can pass through the notch and be dropped downward, and clogging can be eliminated.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a case where the present invention is used in a garbage incinerator will be described as an example. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of attachment of the delayed action grate rod in the movable grate of this embodiment, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of attachment of the interlocking grate rod in the movable grate described above, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a part of the same stalker, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the same stalker, and FIG. 6 is an operation of (i), (b), (c) It is an operation explanatory view shown in order of).

  The stoker according to the present embodiment mainly includes a machine base 1, a fixed grate 2, a hydraulic cylinder driving unit 3, and a movable grate 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the machine base 1 is an attachment member that alternately arranges the fixed grate 2 and the movable grate 4, and is disposed from the trash input hopper side (rear side) of the trash incinerator. The main girder 52 is horizontally fixed toward the rear combustion portion (front side), and the cross girder 53 is crossed over the main girder 52 and fixed in a state where the front is inclined upward. A fixed side connecting rod 54 made of round steel is stretched horizontally on the upper part of the cross beam 53.

  The fixed grate 2 is arranged in a plurality of stages alternately with the movable grate 4 in the front-rear direction on the machine base 1, and a plurality of fixed grate rods 20 are arranged in parallel and below the rear end portion Is formed by detachably locking the locking portion 21 provided on the fixed side connecting rod 54 on the cross beam. The fixed grate 2 is held in a state in which the rear end portion is placed on the cross beam 53 and the front end is inclined upward along the upper surface inclination. In the figure, reference numeral 45 denotes a spacing member that provides a gap 46 between the fixed grate 20 that acts as an air supply and an ash remover.

  The hydraulic cylinder driving unit 3 serves as driving means for reciprocating the movable grate 4, and a plurality of movable girders 30 are arranged on the side of the main girder 52 at substantially the same pitch as the fixed grate 2. Has been placed. The movable girder 30 is connected to each other with the front inclined upward at the same angle as the fixed grate 2, and has a rail 31 inclined at the same angle as the angle at the lower end of the movable girder 30. The rail 31 is mounted on a guide roller 55 provided on the lower side of the main beam 52. A movable cross beam 32 is fixed to the upper surface of each movable beam 30 at a position above the main beam 52 by inclining the upper surface in the same manner as described above. A connecting rod 33 is stretched horizontally.

  The movable grate 4 moves the placed garbage in the direction of the post-combustion unit 51. As shown in FIG. 4, the interlocking grate rod 4a and the delay action grate rod 4b are alternately arranged. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the interlocking grate rod 4a has a locking portion 40a having substantially the same width as the movable connecting rod 33 so that the movable connecting rod 33 can be detachably locked below the rear portion. is doing.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the delayed operation grate rod 4b has a movable connecting rod which is longer in the front-rear direction by a width substantially equal to the diameter of the movable connecting rod 33 than the engaging portion 40a of the interlocking grate rod 4a below the rear end. A locking portion 40b having a play allowance 41 is provided. The interlocking grate rods 4a are alternately arranged to lock the locking portions 40a and 40b to the movable connecting rod 33, and the front end portion is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the fixed grate 2. Has been. In this case, the movable grate 4 is arranged on the rear end side of the stoker. Further, the interlocking grate rod 4 a and the delayed action grate rod 4 b of the movable grate 4 are also provided with a spacing member 45 for providing a gap 46, similar to the fixed grate rod 20.

The rear end of the movable beam 30 is connected to a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder 34 provided on the machine base 1 side.
Although not shown, the stalker combustion apparatus includes a primary combustion chamber of a garbage incinerator, a garbage pit, a garbage input bucket, a dust feeder, a feeder block of the dust feeder, and the like.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the delayed grate rod 4b (this grate rod is regarded as a main body and is therefore a front view and is not contradictory to the side view display of FIG. 1), FIG. 8 is a plan view, and FIG. 9 is a bottom view. 10 is a vertical side view taken along line AA in FIG. 8, FIG. 11 is a right side view, and FIG. 12 is a left side view.
Although the description of the already-described overlapped portion is omitted only by quoting numbers, the delayed grate rod 4b is provided at the front end portion 4A, here, at the substantially central portion 4B in the width direction of the sliding contact lower edge 4D of the front end portion, A notch 4C that penetrates from the front end side to the rear end side and allows the passage of air is provided.
However, even if the cutout portion 4C is formed not at the central portion 4B of the tip portion 4A as described above but at a position displaced in the lateral direction, substantially the same effect can be expected.

  Further, the sliding contact lower edge 4D of the front end portion 4C of the delay grate rod 4b is formed in a straight line over the entire width of the delay grate 4b except for the cutout portion 4C. And the thick part 4E of the sliding contact lower edge 4D of the tip part 4C is the longitudinal cross-sectional view, excluding the notch part 4C over the entire width of the delay grate rod 4b in the dust feed direction, It is comprised so that the surface contact part 4F comprised in the said linear form and surface-contacts with respect to the upper surface of the fixed grate rod 20 of the downstream of a dust feed direction may be provided. Further, the surface contact portion 4F of the sliding contact lower edge 4D of the tip end portion 4C of the delay grate rod 4b is configured in a U-shape having a width in the bottom view.

  On the other hand, the sliding contact lower edge 4D of the front end portion 4C of the interlocking grate rod 4a has a notch portion 4C over the entire width of the delay grate 4b in a side view, and is configured in a straight line. Yes. Further, the thick portion 4E of the sliding contact lower edge 4D of the tip portion 4C is configured in a straight line over the entire width of the delay grate rod 4b in the dust feeding direction in the longitudinal sectional view, It is comprised so that the surface contact part 4F which surface-contacts with respect to the upper surface of the fixed grate rod 20 of the downstream of a feed direction may be provided. Further, the surface contact portion 4F of the sliding contact lower edge 4D of the front end portion 4C of the delay grate rod 4b is the same as the delay grate rod 4b in that the surface contact portion 4F has a U-shape having a width in the bottom view. It is.

FIG. 13 shows, as another embodiment, a longitudinal section in order to show a case where the notch 4C is formed at the tip 4A of the interlocking grate rod 4a. Other structural parts are substantially the same as the delayed grate rod 4b, and therefore, those drawings are used.
Further, the notch portion 4C is also the same as the delayed grate rod 4b in that the notch portion 4C is provided at a substantially central portion 4B in the width direction of the sliding contact lower edge 4D of the tip portion 4C of the interlocking grate rod 4a. . The same applies to the sliding contact lower edge 4D, the thick portion 4E, and the surface contact portion 4F.

  Next, the operation will be described. First, the trash picked up by the bucket from the trash pit is put into the hopper and then supplied to the first stalker by the feeder block. In this stoker, the movable grate 4 reciprocates in the front-rear direction by the hydraulic cylinder 34, so that the supplied dust is burned while being dried and deformed while being sent to the fixed grate 2 one after another. At this time, in the movable grate 4, the interlocking grate rod 4 a moves forward in synchronization with the forward movement of the movable connection rod 33, but the delayed operation grate rod 4 b is the length of the play allowance 41 of the movable connection rod 33. It stops for a minute. Then, after the movable connecting rod 33 has moved by the length of the play allowance 41 of the movable connecting rod, it moves forward in synchronism with the interlocking grate rod 4a for the first time. While the delayed action grate rod 4b is stopped, the ash that has clogged the gap 46 receives a shearing force or a frictional force and falls downward.

Further, in this operation, as shown in FIG. 14 (a) (showing the state before the start of operation) and FIG. 14 (b) (showing immediately after the start of the operation), the following operation is performed. FIG. 14 shows a cross section that horizontally crosses the above-described cutout 4C.
That is, by providing the notch 4C at the tip 4A of the delayed grate rod 4b, it is pushed away by the interlocking grate rod 4a that is actuated first, and the unburned dust on the tip side of the delayed grate rod 4b. D or molten glass G or the like is biased and increases, but air can pass through the cut-out portion 4C, so that the flow of air can be improved, combustion can be promoted, and molten glass or the like G can be passed downward. While being able to easily fall down, it is possible to push forward. The unburned garbage, molten glass, and the like can be reliably pushed forward by the pushing action in the full contact with the upper surface of the fixed grate rod 20 by the tip portion 4A of the interlocking grate rod 4a without the notch 4C. .

  Further, in the delayed operation grate rod 4b, at the forward end of the movable connecting rod 33, the play allowance 41 of the movable connecting rod is regenerated on the rear side of the locking portion 40b. The operation grate rod 4b is stopped and efficient self-cleaning is performed. This self-cleaning is also performed for all stokers.

And when the said notch part 4C is provided in the interlocking grate rod 4a, the following effect | action can be anticipated. A similar cross section is shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b).
That is, air flows from the tip portion 4C of the interlocking grate rod 4a that moves forward in advance, and combustion of unburned dust and the like D in the vicinity of the tip portion is promoted. Since the amount is reduced, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of an overcrowded state on the leading end side of the delayed grate rod. At the same time, molten glass or the like G can pass through the notch 4C and drop downward, and clogging can be eliminated.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the present invention can be applied even if there is a design change without departing from the gist of the invention. included.
For example, the movable grate and the fixed grate are usually arranged in multiple steps, but the upper and lower movable grate is provided with a delayed grate bar and an interlocking grate bar. And may be sequentially replaced. As a result, it can be expected that the transfer of dust and the like and the discharge of the molten glass can be performed smoothly in a balanced manner as a whole.
Moreover, although the stalker used in the refuse incinerator was shown in the Example, it is applicable not only to this but what uses coal and other fuels.

Industrial application fields

  The movable grate in the stoker-type combustion apparatus according to the present invention is very effective for incineration of garbage, etc., but can also be applied to coal combustion or other types of combustion apparatuses. Is wide.

These are partial cross-sectional side views which show the attachment state of the delay grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are partial cross-sectional side views which show the attachment state of the interlocking grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are side views which show a series of stokers of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are top views which show a series of stokers of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are perspective views which show the stalker of the stalker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are operation | movement explanatory drawings explaining the operation | movement of the delay grate rod and interlocking grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention in order of (A), (B), (C). These are front views of the delay grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are top views of the delay grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are the bottom views of the delay grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are the AA vertical side views of the delay grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. FIG. 4 is a right side view of the delayed grate rod of the stoker-type combustion apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a left side view of the delayed grate rod of the stoker-type combustion apparatus according to the present invention. These are the vertical side views of the interlocking grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention. These are the cross sections of the principal part which show the operation | movement when a notch part is provided in the delay grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention in order of (A) and (B). These are the cross sections of the principal part which show the operation | movement when a notch part is provided in the interlocking grate rod of the stoker type combustion apparatus concerning this invention in order of (A) and (B). FIG. 3 is a front view of a grate rod showing the prior art. FIG. 4 is a right side view of a grate rod showing the prior art.

2: fixed grate 4: movable grate 4a: interlocking grate bar 4b: delayed grate bar 4A: notch 20: fixed grate bar

Claims (3)

A movable grate formed by engaging a plurality of rows of grate rods in parallel with a connecting rod formed so as to be capable of reciprocating in the front-rear direction by a driving means, and as the grate rod of the movable grate, Delayed grate rods that are interlocked with a delay in movement and interlocking grate rods that are immediately interlocked with the movement of the connecting rods are alternately arranged with appropriate gaps, and the interlocking rod locking of the delayed action grate rods A fixed grate composed of a plurality of grate rods, wherein the portion is configured to obtain a delayed operation by having a coupling gutter play allowance that is longer in the front-rear direction than the coupling gage engaging portion of the interlocking grate rod, and The movable grate is alternately arranged stepwise in the dust feed direction, and the upper surface of the delayed grate rod and the interlocking grate rod is the grate rod of the fixed grate upstream of the dust feed direction. Slidably in contact with the underside of the delay grate bar and the interlocked grate bar But a movable grate in stoker combustion apparatus in sliding contact with the upper surface of the grate bars of the fixed grate downstream of the dust feed direction is configured to be movable,
A notch portion that penetrates from the front end side to the rear end side of the sliding contact lower edge of either one of the delayed grate bar or the interlocking grate bar and allows air to pass therethrough. A movable grate in a stoker-type combustion apparatus, wherein:   2. The movable grate in the stoker-type combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the notch is provided at a substantially central portion in a width direction of a sliding contact lower edge of a tip portion of the delay grate rod. .   2. The movable grate in the stoker-type combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the notch is provided at a substantially central portion in a width direction of a sliding contact lower edge of a tip portion of the interlocking grate rod. .

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