JP3108742B2 - Combustion control method in fluidized bed incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluidized bed incinerator for incinerating incinerated materials while flowing a fluid medium such as sand from the lower part of the hearth by inflowing air .
Even if the amount of fuel fluctuates, the fluctuation in the amount of combustion is suppressed, and the amount of combustion
The present invention relates to a combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator that can be maintained at a constant level . Here, the fluidized bed incinerator is intended to include fluidized bed boilers for the purpose of heat recovery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, fluidized bed incinerators have been used for incineration of municipal garbage and the like. Although they are put into an incinerator, municipal garbage is often entangled with each other due to its nature, and is often put in large quantities instantaneously in a large lump. A fluidized bed incinerator is an incinerator with a very fast burning rate as an incinerator, and has an advantage of burning very well, but this may be a disadvantage. That is, since the combustion performance is good, when the combustion material is put into the fluidized bed, the fast one burns in only a few seconds. Therefore, if the quantitativeness of the feeder that supplies the incinerated material into the furnace is poor, there is a problem that the variation in the amount of the incinerated material directly leads to the variation in the oxygen concentration in the combustion gas.

[0003] Depending on the type of fluidized bed incinerator, when the oxygen concentration in the flue gas falls below about 5%, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons such as methane, ethylene, propylene, acetylene and benzene cannot be completely burned. Will be discharged. In addition, since substances such as ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide are also generated, white smoke is emitted from the chimney.

[0004] Furthermore, a fluidized-bed furnace has good combustion performance and can burn even if the flowing air to the fluid medium has a theoretical air ratio of 1 or less, as long as the fluid medium has a superficial velocity enough to fluidize it. In order to prevent the generation of unburned gas such as carbon monoxide, the air ratio is increased. In addition, assuming that the supply feeder is not sufficiently quantitative, excess air may be blown in advance so that the oxygen concentration does not decrease even when the supply amount of the incinerated material increases.

[0005] Although it depends on the quantitative performance of the feeder, the amount of air blown into the furnace is large, and twice the theoretical air is used. However, even in this case, especially when handling municipal garbage, the garbage clings to each other and forms a large lump, and the garbage is in a so-called falling state. It may be discharged more.

Conventionally, as a method for preventing the discharge of these unburned gases, the feeder has been improved so as to improve the quantitativeness of the feeder for supplying the incinerated material to the furnace, and for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 59-223198. No. (JP-A-61-100)
No. 612), a metering means for measuring the amount of incinerated material is provided, and when a large amount of incinerated material enters, the number of revolutions of the supply feeder is reduced to reduce the amount of incinerated material.

In addition, a method of newly blowing secondary air by detecting an increase in the amount of incinerated material or an oxygen deficiency is adopted.

However, in the use of the feeder, which is one of the conventional methods for preventing the emission of unburned gas, there is a limit to the improvement for improving the quantitativeness of the feeder. Tend to use.

[0009] Further, the apparatus disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 59-223198 also uses a charging amount measuring device.
The incinerated material that falls into the furnace burns immediately and becomes oxygen deficient. If secondary air is newly blown in to compensate for this, in addition to the increase in the amount of exhaust gas due to rapid combustion, the amount of exhaust gas further increases because secondary air enters, and the furnace pressure becomes positive. The intake fan inlet damper captures this pressure to open and attempt to reduce the furnace pressure to a normal value.When a large amount of incinerated material is introduced, the furnace pressure fluctuates. exhaust gas blown out of use a rotary valve or the like, also scattered dust in the exhaust gas, there are problems such as dust Tsu <br/> to Poku within the factory.

In the method of controlling the secondary air to keep the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas at a certain value, the fluidized-bed furnace has a very high combustion rate, and the variation in the supply amount of the incinerated material does not directly affect the variation in the exhaust gas. It appears,
In addition to the same problem as described above, the large amount of combustion air requires that the capacity of the combustion fan, the exhaust gas inducing fan, and the like be increased, and there is also a problem of increasing the driving power. Furthermore, since the amount of exhaust gas fluctuates, large-scale incineration equipment, such as requiring large-capacity exhaust gas treatment equipment such as exhaust gas ducts, gas coolers, and electric There was also a problem that construction costs would be high.

In a conventional fluidized-bed boiler, particularly in a fluidized-bed boiler for power generation, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-1912, the supply amount of fuel such as coal is changed according to a change in load. However, there is a combustion control method that controls the combustion while controlling the amount of fluidized air fed from the lower part of the fluidized bed so that the temperature of the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed does not exceed a predetermined value when the supply amount of fuel increases. However, even if this combustion control method is used, in a fluidized bed incinerator in which a mixture of nonuniform bulk, shape, flammability and calorific value such as municipal waste is to be burned, particularly in the furnace. When the amount of incineration material supplied to the furnace fluctuates, it is impossible to prevent the unburned gas from being discharged without suppressing the rapid fluctuation of the combustion amount and fluctuating the combustion air amount and the exhaust gas amount.

Here, the amount of combustion refers to the calorific value [kcal /
kg] × the amount of the object to be burned [kg / hour].

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it does not use an expensive supply feeder having a good quantitative property, and therefore, the calorific value differs, and properties and bulk such as flammability are different. Furnace that fluctuates even if the combustion material, that is, coal, municipal waste, industrial waste, or a mixture thereof is charged to a fluidized bed furnace as a combustion target, and the amount of the combustion target to be input varies. Reduce the amount of combustion inside
The present invention relates to a method for controlling combustion in a fluidized bed incinerator capable of maintaining the amount of combustion substantially constant .

[0014]

In order to solve the above problems SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is, write sends Rutotomoni, the secondary air into the fluidized bed upper in flowing fluid medium fed primary air to flow under the floor section
Seen, the combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator for burning incineration product is introduced into the furnace, the fluidized bed top of Furibo
Brightness detecting means for detecting the brightness of the light source , and the brightness
Control means for controlling the amount of air fed from the fluidized underfloor portion by the output of the detection means is provided, the control means of the brightness detecting means
If the brightness of the output is equal to or higher than a predetermined reduces the amount of air fed from the fluidized underfloor section, that the output is returned to the original when it becomes a predetermined or less, to maintain the combustion amount of incinerated in the furnace to a predetermined amount Features. Here, the combustion amount is the calorific value per weight of the incinerated material [kcal / kg] x the amount of the incinerated material [kg
/ Hour].

Also, primary air is fed into the lower part of the fluidized bed and
While moving the moving medium, secondary air is
Fluidized bed that burns incineration material that is fed into the furnace
A method for controlling combustion in an incinerator, comprising:
Check the amount or bulk of the combustibles that are fed into the furnace above the floor.
Detecting means, and the lower part of the fluidized bed by the output of the detecting means.
Control means for controlling the amount of air sent from the
The stage is for the incineration material that is fed into the entire furnace from the output of the detection means.
If the volume or bulk is more than a predetermined amount, feed in from the lower part of the fluidized bed
Reduce the amount of air and reduce the amount or bulk of
If the incinerator burns in the furnace, set it to the specified amount
maintain.

Further, Rutotomoni in flowing feed stream <br/> dynamic medium of primary air to flow under the floor section, the secondary air in the fluidized bed upper
In a combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator that burns incineration material fed into the furnace, the upper part of the fluidized bed is cooled.
Temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the Lee-board, the temperature
The output of the time detection means is provided control means for controlling the amount of air fed from the fluidized underfloor section, the control means of the temperature detecting means
From the output , if the temperature inside the free board is equal to or higher than the predetermined value,
Reducing the amount of air fed from the fluidized underfloor section, the temperature returned to the original if equal to or less than a predetermined value, and maintains the combustion amount of incinerated in the furnace to a predetermined amount.

A method for controlling combustion in a fluidized bed incinerator, in which primary air is sent to the lower part of the fluidized bed to flow the fluid medium, and secondary air is sent to the upper part of the fluidized bed to burn incineration material charged into the furnace. In the above, there is provided an oxygen concentration detecting means for detecting the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and a control means for controlling the amount of air sent from the lower portion of the fluidized bed by the output of the oxygen concentration detecting means. If the oxygen concentration in in a few predetermined value, reducing the amount of air fed from the fluidized underfloor section, back to the original when the oxygen concentration reaches the predetermined value on than the combustion amount of incinerated in the furnace It is characterized in that it is maintained at a predetermined amount.

[0018] Rutotomoni in flowing feed stream <br/> dynamic medium of primary air to flow under the floor section, the secondary air in the fluidized bed upper
Feeding, in the combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator for burning incineration product is introduced into the furnace, and a pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the furnace, the flow through the output of said pressure detecting means
Setting control means for controlling the amount of air fed from the dynamic floor section
Only, the control means when the output of the pressure detecting means the furnace pressure is on the predetermined value or more, reduces the amount of air fed from the fluidized underfloor section, based on the case where the furnace pressure becomes the predetermined value or less under It is characterized in that the amount of incineration in the furnace is returned to a predetermined amount.

Further, Rutotomoni in flowing feed stream <br/> dynamic medium of primary air to flow under the floor section, the secondary air in the fluidized bed upper
In a combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator that burns incineration material fed into the furnace, the upper part of the fluidized bed is cooled.
The amount of combustion is detected based on the output of the brightness detection means in the
First means for outputting a signal to be projected, and detecting pressure in the furnace
Signal that reflects the amount of combustion from the output of the in-furnace pressure detection means
Is provided, and the first means and the second detection means are provided.
Priority is given to the greater of the two output signals
Control means for controlling the amount of air fed from the fluidized underfloor section by output signal Te is provided, the control means if priority output signal <br/> is a predetermined value or more, reduces the amount of air fed from the fluidized underfloor section, Replace when the output signal becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined value, characterized by maintaining the combustion amount of incinerated in the furnace to a predetermined amount.

Further, a fluidized bed incinerator has a plurality of
An air chamber is provided and air is passed through the air chamber.
It is characterized in that it is configured to send air .

Further, Rutotomoni in flowing feed stream <br/> dynamic medium of primary air to flow under the floor section, the secondary air in the fluidized bed upper
Feeding, in the combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator for burning incineration product is introduced into the furnace, double the flow hypothalamic
Providing a number of air chambers through which the fluidized bed
Fluidized bed and the upper part of the fluidized bed
To detect the amount or bulk of incineration material charged into the entire furnace
Detecting means and an output from the lower part of the fluidized bed by the output of the detecting means.
Control means for controlling the amount of air to be introduced, and the control means
The amount of incinerated material injected into the entire furnace by the output of
Is the drop point of the incinerated material if the bulk is more than the specified amount
Air flow from the air chamber
And maintaining the burned amount of the incinerated material in the furnace at a predetermined amount.

[0022]

[0023]

According to the present invention, by adopting the above-described structure in a combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator, a free bobbin above a fluidized bed is provided.
Combustion material input into the furnace
For detecting the amount or bulk of the fluid
Temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the
Oxygen concentration detection means to detect oxygen concentration, or furnace pressure
Detecting means, output of pressure detecting means for detecting furnace pressure
Indirectly detects the amount of combustion in the furnace, and the amount of combustion is large
When the combustion amount is large , the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed is reduced, so that the flow of the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed becomes slow, and the amount of heat transfer from the fluidized medium to the incinerated material is reduced.
Slightly lowers the gasification rate of the combustion products. That is, the burning speed of the incinerated material is reduced. Further, when the amount of combustion becomes equal to or less than the predetermined amount, the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed is restored, so that the flow of the fluidized medium becomes active and
The amount of heat transferred back to the original. Therefore, the calorific value differs,
Even when the properties and shapes and different combustibles bulky such ease burning is charged into the fluidized bed furnace, since the amount of the combustion object Ru can be maintained at a predetermined amount of combustion amount varies, the quantity of combustion air And the amount of exhaust gas is not increased.

[0024]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In a fluidized bed incinerator, the object to be burned (incineration)
It is very difficult to directly measure the amount of combustion. This combustion amount is indirectly detected from the brightness in the furnace, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, the pressure in the furnace, the temperature in the furnace above the fluidized bed, the amount or bulk and properties of the incineration material charged into the furnace. .

1 (A), 1 (B) and 1 (C) show the results of actual measurements of the brightness L in the furnace, the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas, and the pressure P in the furnace, which represent the amount of combustion in a fluidized bed incinerator. FIG. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time t (one scale is 5 seconds). As shown in the figure, in the fluidized bed incinerator, the brightness L in the furnace, the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas, and the furnace pressure P change in accordance with the change in the combustion amount. In particular, the brightness L in the furnace is faithfully and instantly reflected in the combustion amount. Therefore, the present invention provides a brightness detection sensor, detects the brightness L in the furnace, estimates the amount of combustion in the fluidized bed incinerator from the output, controls the amount of fluidized air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed, Even if the amount of incineration material charged into the furnace fluctuates, rapid fluctuation in the amount of combustion is suppressed, and control is performed so that the amount of combustion becomes constant.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed incinerator for implementing a combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a furnace, in which a fluidized bed 2 in which a fluid medium such as sand flows is formed. An air chamber 6 is provided at a lower portion of the fluidized bed 2, and a flowing medium is sent from a flowing blower (not shown) through the pipe 5 into the furnace 1 through the air chamber 6 to flow the flowing medium. Let me. This blower is, for example, a centrifugal blower, and is controlled so that the air volume is desirably constant during operation.

Numeral 11 denotes an incineration material input hopper for charging incinerated material such as municipal waste, and a feeder 1 for supplying incinerated material into the furnace 1 is provided below the incinerated material input hopper 11.
2 are provided. 14-1 is a brightness detection sensor attached to or near the furnace top in the furnace 1 for detecting brightness, and 13 adjusts the valve opening based on the measured value of the brightness in the furnace 1. It is an adjuster. Fluidized bed 2 on the wall of furnace 1
An air nozzle 8 for blowing air into an upper space of the air nozzle is provided, and a control valve 7 is connected to the air nozzle 8 via a pipe 16.

The control valve 7 may be attached to any of the pipes 5 and 16, and the pipe 16 and the pipe 5 may be connected to different blowers without using the pipe 16 as a bypass pipe of the pipe 5. In the figure, 9 is a free board part,
Reference numeral 18 denotes a secondary air supply pipe. Brightness detection sensor 14
-1 is sufficiently higher than the secondary air inlet and the cross section of the furnace so that the brightness in the furnace 1 due to the combustion of the incineration material A can be detected without being affected by the brightness due to the fluid medium, the furnace wall, and the like. Attach it in a position where the entire surface can be seen. In the drawing, EG indicates exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas outlet, and AS indicates ash discharged from the ash outlet.

In the fluidized bed incinerator of the above construction, the incineration material A charged into the furnace 1 from the feeder 12 is supplied to the fluidized bed 2
At a certain portion, that is, a central portion. In this case, although not shown, the incineration material A may be dispersed using a spreader. When the amount of incineration material A charged into the furnace 1 is larger than usual, the combustion amount (per unit time) increases, so that the furnace 1 becomes bright and the output of the brightness detection sensor 14-1 increases.

When the brightness of the furnace 1 increases, the controller 13 opens the control valve 7 and blows the reduced amount of air blown from the air chamber 6 through the pipe 16 from the air nozzle 8 into the upper space of the fluidized bed 2. As a result, the amount of air sent from the air chamber 6 is reduced.
The flow of the fluidized medium becomes slow, and the incinerated material A
The amount of heat transferred to the incinerator A decreases, and the gasification rate of the incinerated material A decreases. That is, the combustion speed becomes slow. At this time, by reducing the amount of air from the air chamber 6, the amount of oxygen in the fluidized bed 2 decreases, and the amount of unburned gas increases accordingly. However, since the amount of air blown from the air nozzle 8 increases, the free board 9 This unburned gas will burn in the upper space of the fluidized bed 2.

The amount of decrease in the amount of air from the air chamber 6 is determined by the air nozzle 8 or the secondary air inlet.
Alternatively, they may be distributed and blown into the respective cylinders. In short, it is only necessary to blow air into the hollow cylinder portion enough to burn unburned gas.

FIG. 3 shows the amount of combustion, the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas, the amount of exhaust gas, the amount of air for flow (primary air), and the amount of secondary air with respect to the time variation of the amount of combustion material in the fluidized bed incinerator according to the conventional combustion control method. FIG. 4 is a view showing a variation state of the amount and the in-furnace temperature (the in-furnace space temperature at the upper part of the fluidized bed 2), and FIG. 4 shows the time of the amount of incineration in the fluidized-bed incinerator by the combustion control method according to the present invention. Amount, oxygen concentration in exhaust gas,
It is a figure which shows the change state of the exhaust gas amount, the flow air amount (primary air amount), the secondary air amount, and the furnace temperature. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time t.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3, the primary air amount C supplied from the lower part of the fluidized bed 2 through the air chamber 6
If is constant, incinerated A is turned from time t _1,
The incinerated material A is immediately gasified, and starts burning after a few seconds, the combustion amount Q increases, and the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas rapidly decreases. When the oxygen concentration is low, unburned gas is discharged. Therefore, the decrease in the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas increases the secondary air amount D and the exhaust gas amount B. Also,
The furnace temperature T also rises because the combustion amount Q increases. As the combustion proceeds, the unburned matter in the furnace 1 decreases, and the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas increases. Therefore, the secondary air amount D is reduced, the exhaust gas amount B decreases, and the furnace temperature also decreases.

On the other hand, when the combustion control method of the present invention is used, as shown in FIG. 4, when the incineration material A is introduced from time t ₁ and the combustion amount Q increases, the brightness in the furnace 1 decreases. increases, the output of the brightness detecting sensor 14-1 is increased, open the regulator 13 is a control valve 7, so that to blow air into the space above the fluidized bed 2 as the primary air quantity C _2, from the air chamber 6 primary air quantity C ₁ supplied is reduced. Primary air amount C supplied from the air chamber 6
_{As 1} decreases, the increase rate of the combustion amount Q decreases. That is, since the combustion speed is slowed down, the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas is also decreased slowly but not abruptly. Moreover, since the secondary air amount D increases in accordance with the decrease in the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas, the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas hardly fluctuates.

Further, the rate of increase in the furnace temperature T decreases as the rate of increase in the combustion amount Q decreases. Combustion amount Q
There Once reduced, the control valve 7 closes the air nozzle 8 decreased the primary air quantity C _2, to increase the primary air quantity C ₁ of the air chamber 6. This increase in primary air quantity C ₁ is the flow of the fluidized medium fluidized bed 2 returns to normal operation becomes active.

As described above, the primary air C ₁ from the air chamber 6 is reduced along with the increase in the combustion amount Q, and the air nozzle 8
Increasing the primary air quantity C ₂ from, depending on the gradual decrease in the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas, the supply of secondary air quantity D, even very small increase in exhaust gas quantity B.

In this case, the decrease (increase) of the secondary air is desirably accompanied by the decrease (increase) of the primary air amount.
Equal volume, but ± 30 of decrease (increase) of primary air volume
%.

[0038] Figure 5 controls the primary air quantity C ₁ supplied from the air chamber 6 brightness L of each the furnace, i.e. the output of the brightness sensor 14-1 shows the measured result of controlling the combustion rate Figure (A) shows the primary air amount C ₁ [Nm ³
/ M ² · H], FIG. (B) shows a change in brightness L [%] in the furnace, and FIG. (C) shows an oxygen concentration E [%] in the exhaust gas. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fluctuation state of the sine wave. The horizontal axis indicates time t (one scale represents 17 seconds).

As shown in the figure, depending on the brightness L in the furnace,
By controlling the primary air C ₁ supplied from the air chamber 6, the variation of the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas becomes extremely slowly. That is, it can be confirmed that the combustion becomes mild (the combustion speed becomes slow) and the combustion becomes stable.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing actual measurement results of the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas by the conventional combustion control method and the combustion control method of the present invention. FIG. 6A shows the case where the conventional combustion control method is used. FIG. 3B shows a case where the combustion control method of the present invention is used. In the figure, the vertical axis represents the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas.
[%], The horizontal axis represents time t (one scale represents 200 seconds). As shown in the figure, it was confirmed that the fluctuation range of the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas was smaller in the combustion control method of the present invention than in the conventional combustion control method.

FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the combustion control method of the present invention.
This will be further described with reference to FIG. Figure 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between fluidizing magnification G [U / Umf] and the heat transfer coefficient h _K in a fluidized bed furnace, 8 fluidizing magnification G [U / Umf] pressure loss p
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship of _L. Where U is the superficial tower speed, Umf
Denotes the lowest fluidized superficial velocity (minimum superficial velocity for fluidizing the fluidized medium).

[0042] In a typical fluidized bed incinerator, the superficial velocity U fluidizing magnification G of the fluidizing air 4 to 10 [U / Um
f] Since the operation is performed in the range of (700 to 1500 Nm ³ / m ² · H), the heat transfer coefficient h _k is substantially constant, and the gasification of the incineration is controlled even when the superficial velocity of the flowing air is changed. Has a limit. Therefore, in the fluidized bed incinerator that implements the combustion control method of the present invention, the superficial velocity U of the fluidized air is set to the fluidization ratio G
Is 1 to 4 [U / Umf] (250 to 700 Nm ³ / m ²
H), the operation is performed in a lower range than usual, and when the combustion amount Q of the incinerated material exceeds a predetermined amount, the superficial velocity of the fluidizing air slightly exceeds the fluidization ratio G of 1 [U / Umf]. 7, that is, the range of the hatched portion in FIG. 7.

Since the heat transfer coefficient h _K can be changed by this, not only the method of controlling gasification by simply changing the superficial velocity of the flowing air, but also the incineration It is possible to favorably control the gasification rate.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a change state of the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas when the municipal garbage is incinerated by changing the amount of flowing air in the fluidized bed incinerator.
70 (Nm ³ / m ² · H) and FIG. (B) shows the case of a flowing air amount of 420 [Nm ³ / m ² · H]. The vertical axis in the figure indicates time t (one scale represents 100 seconds).

As shown in FIG.
When the amount is as large as [Nm ³ / m ² · H], the input dust is gasified at a stretch, and the change in the input amount directly leads to the change in the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas. Therefore, when performing the combustion speed control, the fluctuation is too large, and the fluctuation of the oxygen concentration and the carbon monoxide becomes large. On the other hand, the flowing air amount is 420 [N
In the case of [m ³ / m ² · H], since the combustion becomes mild and the combustion speed becomes slow and becomes stable, these fluctuations become small.

By controlling the combustion in the fluidized bed incinerator as described above, coal, municipal garbage, industrial waste, or a mixture thereof, which is a combustion product having a different calorific value or having a different shape and bulk such as flammability. Even if the burning matter is a burning object,
Combustion can be performed without significantly changing the amount of combustion air, the amount of exhaust gas, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, the unburned gas, and the like. In addition, it becomes possible to put the combustion target into a fluidized bed incinerator without crushing and incinerate it.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed incinerator when the combustion control is performed by detecting the pressure in the furnace 1. In the figure, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate the same or corresponding portions. As shown in the figure, a pressure detection sensor 14-2 for detecting the pressure in the furnace is provided above the fluidized bed 2, and the output of the pressure detection sensor 14-2 is input to the controller 13.

By configuring the combustion control as described above, when the amount of incineration material A charged into the furnace 1 is large, the amount of combustion (per unit time) increases, so that the amount of generated exhaust gas increases. Then, the pressure in the furnace 1 increases as can be seen from FIG. 1C, and the output of the pressure detection sensor 14-2 increases. When the pressure in the furnace 1 increases, the controller 13 opens the control valve 7 to increase the amount of air blown from the air nozzle 8 into the upper space of the fluidized bed 2. As a result, the amount of air sent from the air chamber 6 decreases, so that the flow of the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed 2 becomes slow, the amount of heat transferred from the fluidized medium to the incinerated material A decreases, and the gasification rate of the incinerated material A decreases. . That is, the combustion speed becomes slow.

At this time, by reducing the amount of air blown from the air chamber 6, the amount of oxygen in the fluidized bed 2 decreases, and the amount of unburned gas increases accordingly. The unburned gas is burned by blowing into the upper space of the fluidized bed 2 such as the free board unit 9 by utilizing. In this case, it may be supplied an equal amount of decrease of the primary air as primary air C ₂ from the air nozzle 8.

[0050] Figure 11 each furnace pressure P, by that is, the output of the pressure detection sensor 14-2 in graph showing measured results of controlling the primary air quantity C ₁ supplied from the air chamber 6, to control the combustion rate (A) shows the primary air amount C ₁ [N
shows the variation of m ³ / m ² · H], variation of FIG. (B) is a diagram showing a variation of the inner pressure P [mmaq] FIG (C) the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas (%) FIG. The horizontal axis indicates time t (one scale represents 17 seconds).

As shown in FIG. 11, the furnace pressure P
By controlling the primary air quantity C ₁ supplied from the air chamber 6, the change in the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas becomes extremely slowly. That is, it can be confirmed that the combustion becomes mild (the combustion speed becomes slow) and the combustion becomes stable.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed incinerator in the case where the amount of incineration of the furnace is controlled by detecting the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas. In the figure, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate the same or corresponding portions. As shown in the figure, an oxygen concentration detection sensor 14-3 for detecting the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is provided at the exhaust gas outlet, and the output of the oxygen concentration detection sensor 14-3 is input to the controller 13.

By configuring the combustion control as described above, in the case of oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, if the amount of incinerated material A is larger than usual, as shown in FIG. (Per hour), the amount of exhaust gas generated increases, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas decreases, and the output of the oxygen concentration detection sensor 14-3 decreases. When the oxygen concentration becomes low, the controller 13 opens the control valve 7 and the air nozzle 8
, The amount of air blown into the upper space of the fluidized bed 2 is increased.

As a result, the amount of air sent from the air chamber 6 is reduced, so that the flow of the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed 2 is slowed down, heat transfer from the fluidized medium to the incinerated material A is reduced, and gasification of the incinerated material A is performed. Speed slows down. That is, the combustion speed becomes slow. At this time, by reducing the amount of air blown from the air chamber 6, the amount of oxygen in the fluidized bed 2 decreases, and the amount of unburned gas increases accordingly, but free air is used by using the air nozzle 8 and / or the secondary air inlet. Fluidized bed 2 such as board part 9
This unburned gas burns because air is blown into the upper space of. In this case, it may be supplied an equal amount of decrease in the primary air quantity C ₁ as primary air quantity C ₂ from the air nozzle 8.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed incinerator in the case where the temperature inside the furnace above the fluidized bed 2 is detected to control the combustion. In this figure, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate the same or corresponding parts. As shown in the figure, a temperature detection sensor 14-that detects the internal temperature of the furnace 1 above the fluidized bed 2.
4 and the output of the temperature detection sensor 14-4 is adjusted by the controller 1
3 has been entered.

By configuring the amount of combustion as described above, when the amount of incinerated material A is larger than usual, the amount of combustion of incinerated material A (per unit time) increases, so that the furnace temperature increases and the temperature increases. The output of the detection sensor 14-4 increases. When the output of the temperature detection sensor 14-4 increases, the controller 1
3 opens the control valve 7 to increase the amount of air blown from the air nozzle 8 into the upper space of the fluidized bed 2. As a result, the amount of air sent from the air chamber 6 decreases, so that the flow of the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed 2 becomes slow, the amount of heat transfer from the fluidized medium to the incinerated material A decreases, and the gasification rate of the incinerated material A decreases. Become. That is, the combustion speed becomes slow.

At this time, by reducing the amount of air blown from the air chamber 6, the amount of oxygen in the fluidized bed 2 decreases, and the amount of unburned gas increases accordingly. Since air is blown into the upper space of the fluidized bed 2 such as the free board unit 9 by utilizing the unburned gas, the unburned gas is burned. In this case, it may be supplied an equal amount of decrease in the primary air quantity C ₁ as primary air quantity C ₂ from the air nozzle 8.

In the above embodiment, the burned amount of the incinerated material in the furnace 1 is determined by the brightness detection sensor 14-1 and the pressure detection sensor 14-.
2. Oxygen concentration detection sensor 14-3 and temperature detection sensor 1
Although an example in which detection and control are performed using 4-4 has been described, a brightness detection sensor 14- as shown in FIG.
There is also a control method using brightness detection means such as 1. This is achieved by multiplying the output value PV _O1 of the brightness detection sensor 14-1 by a coefficient k (0 to 2.0) with a coefficient k (0 to 2.0), for example, by a computing unit Y _O1 having a symbol a. This is a method of adjusting the opening of the control valve 7 with a proportional output signal (a signal reflecting the amount of combustion) y _O1 .

In this case, there is no problem if incinerated materials such as municipal garbage are continuously supplied into the furnace. However, due to the nature of municipal garbage, smoke or the like is generated by rapid combustion due to so-called "dropping". Or that the furnace becomes dark despite the active combustion, or that the brightness detection sensor 14-1 outputs an erroneous signal indicating that the combustion is inactive, resulting in malfunction of the opening adjustment of the control valve 7. was there.

In order to solve the above problem, the pressure in the furnace tends to increase when combustion becomes active.
As shown in (B), a brightness detecting means such as a brightness detecting sensor 14-1 for detecting the brightness in the furnace and the pressure detecting sensor 1
There is a control method combining an in-furnace pressure detecting means for detecting an in-furnace pressure, such as 4-2.

[0061] This, when greater than or equal to the specified value with the output signal value PV _O2 pressure detecting sensor 14-2 corresponding to the pressure in the furnace by calculator Y _O2 indicated by symbol b, there at the minimum opening ever An output signal value _yo2 is output so that the opening of the control valve 7 is opened to a certain limit. Here, since the furnace pressure is normally controlled, it immediately decreases and falls below the set value. Reduces the output signal value PV _O2 of the pressure detection sensor 14-2, certain set value or less if continues for a predetermined time, and outputs an output signal value y _O2 of minimum opening of the control valve 7. The output signal value y _O1 and the output signal value y _O2 are compared by a computing unit Y _{O3 assigned} with the symbol c, and a signal having a larger value is output as an output signal.
Is adjusted by the output signal value y _O3 .

By performing the above-described control, even when smoke or the like is generated and the inside of the furnace becomes dark, the control valve 7 is opened at a constant opening and works effectively, so that a desirable combustion control method can be obtained. Note that the arithmetic unit denoted by the symbol a may use a controller and perform control so that the brightness in the furnace becomes constant. Further, the control valve 7 may control the bypass flow rate by providing a flow rate controller in addition to adjusting the opening degree.

Similarly, a rapid change in the amount of combustion can be sufficiently dealt with by combining any of the factors such as brightness, pressure in the furnace, oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and temperature in the furnace, which change according to the change in the amount of combustion. If the control system can be constructed, the combination is not limited to the above contents. In short, the output of a sensor that detects the brightness, the furnace pressure, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, the furnace temperature, etc., that is, the output that reflects the combustion amount, is constantly monitored, and the sensor output that does not correspond to the furnace condition is monitored. More desirable control is possible by ignoring the output value and controlling with the output of a normally operating sensor (a sensor that normally reflects the amount of combustion).

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another fluidized bed incinerator which realizes the combustion control method in the fluidized bed incinerator according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a furnace, in which a fluidized bed 22 is formed.
A plurality of air chambers 28 and 26 are provided in the lower part of the furnace 2, and flowing air is supplied from a flow blower (not shown) through a pipe 25 through the air chambers 28 and 26 to the furnace 2.
The fluid medium is caused to flow by feeding the fluid into the medium 1.
Reference numeral 31 denotes an incinerated material input hopper for charging incinerated materials such as municipal waste, and a lower portion of the incinerated material input hopper 31 is provided with a supply feeder 32 for supplying the incinerated material into the furnace 21. At the end of the incinerator, an incineration material measuring device 33 for detecting the amount of incineration material A charged into the furnace 21 is provided.

Reference numeral 39 denotes an air amount adjusting device. An air nozzle 38 for blowing air into the upper space of the fluidized bed 22 is provided on the furnace wall of the furnace 21, and an on-off valve 35 is connected to the air nozzle 38 via a pipe 34. Also,
An on-off valve 36 is connected to the central air chamber 28 via a pipe 27. Reference numeral 37 denotes a minimum flow valve that feeds a minimum amount of air. In the figure, reference numeral 29 denotes a free board unit, 30 denotes an exhaust gas cooling unit, and 23 and 24 denote noncombustible material outlets.

In the fluidized bed incinerator having the above structure, the incineration material A supplied from the supply feeder 32 into the furnace 21 usually falls to a certain portion of the fluidized bed 26, that is, to a central portion. In this case, although not shown, the incineration material A may be dispersed using a spreader. If the amount or bulk of the incinerated material A charged into the furnace 21 by the incinerated material amount measuring device 33 is larger than usual or is considered to be flammable in nature, the air amount adjusting device 39 immediately closes the on-off valve 36. At the same time, the on-off valve 35 is opened. As a result, the amount of air sent into the air chamber 28 in the central portion becomes the amount of air sent through the minimum flow valve 37, that is, the minimum amount of air that prevents a part of the flowing medium from leaking to the lower part of the furnace. The flow of the flowing medium in the bed 22 becomes slow. At the same time, air is blown from the air nozzle 38 into the upper space of the fluidized bed 22.

The incinerated material A measured by the incinerated material amount measuring device 33 falls to the central portion of the fluidized bed 22 where the flow of the fluidized medium has become slow. As a result, the flow of the fluid medium at the falling point of the incineration material A is slow, so that the incineration material A
The gasification, that is, the burning rate of the gas becomes slow, and the exhaust gas does not increase rapidly. Also, by reducing the amount of air sent into the fluidized bed 22, the oxygen concentration O ₂ of the fluidized bed 22 is slightly reduced and the unburned gas is increased by that amount.
Since the air is blown into the upper space of the fluidized bed 22 such as the free board portion 29 using the air or the secondary air inlet, or any of them, the increased unburned gas is burned. In this case, an equivalent amount of the decrease in the primary air amount C ₁ is used as the air nozzle 38.
It may be supplied as primary air C ₂ from.

FIG. 16 shows the exhaust gas amount B, the primary air amount C, the secondary air amount D, and the amount of the exhaust gas in the fluidized bed incinerator having the structure shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a change in the oxygen concentration E.
Are the exhaust gas amount B, the primary air amount (C ₁ ,
C ₂ ) is a diagram showing changes in secondary air amount D and oxygen concentration E in exhaust gas.

According to the conventional combustion control method, when the combustion product A is introduced at time t ₁ , the combustion starts immediately, and the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas sharply decreases. In response to the decrease in the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas, the secondary air amount D increases, and the exhaust gas amount B also increases. As the combustion proceeds, the amount of unburned matter in the furnace 21 decreases, and the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas increases. Therefore, the secondary air amount D is reduced, and the exhaust gas amount B decreases. When the combustion product A is turned from the time t _2, the repeating the same operation as described above. That is, the secondary air amount D, the exhaust gas amount B, and the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas fluctuate greatly depending on the combustion product A. When the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas is low, unburned gas is emitted.

On the other hand, when the combustion control method of the present invention is used, the incineration material A is supplied at times t ₁ , t ₂ ,.
And the primary air amount is divided into upper and lower portions of the fluidized bed 22 by a fixed amount (the primary air amount C ₂ , blown from the air nozzle 38,
The primary air amount C ₁ ) blown from the air chamber 28 is sent in, and the secondary air amount D is controlled by feedback control based on the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas. Therefore,
When the time t ₁ incinerated A is turned on, the flow of the primary air quantity C ₁ is decreased by the flow medium from the lower portion of the fluidized bed 22 of a portion said fuel calcine A fell becomes slow, incineration from the fluidized medium The amount of heat transfer to the material A is suppressed, the gasification of the incinerated material A is suppressed, and the combustion speed is reduced.

Further, since the combustion speed is low, the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas does not drop sharply. Although a slight decrease occurs, since the secondary air amount D is controlled and the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas is controlled, the oxygen concentration E in the exhaust gas hardly fluctuates. After a certain period of time, the blowing of the primary air amount C ₂ from the air nozzle 38 is stopped, and the primary air amount C ₂ is blown from below the fluidized bed 22. Return to normal operation. At this time, since the volatile components in the fluidized bed have already been burned, the burning becomes gentle, and a stable furnace condition can be obtained without a sudden change in the oxygen concentration or a change in the exhaust gas amount B.

In the fluidized bed having the structure shown in FIG. 15, for example, when a control valve is connected to the pipe 25 and the amount of incinerated material A charged into the furnace 21 is equal to or more than a predetermined amount, the on-off valve 36 is closed and The control valve may be throttled to reduce the amount of primary air C ₁ sent through the air chamber 26 and increase the amount of air blown from the air nozzle 38 into the upper space above the fluidized bed 22. Further, a combustion control method similar to the combustion control of the present invention in the fluidized bed incinerator of FIG. 1 may be used in combination.

Further, in this case, an amount equivalent to the decrease in the primary air amount C ₁ may be supplied from the air nozzle 38 as the primary air amount C ₂ . Further, the schematic configuration of the fluidized bed incinerator that implements the above control method is not limited to the one shown in FIG.

In the above embodiment, the combustion control method is described using a fluidized bed incinerator. However, the fluidized bed incinerator may be a so-called fluidized bed boiler for heat recovery. The fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention includes a fluidized bed boiler.

[0075]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Coal, municipal garbage, industrial waste, or a mixture of these, which have different calorific values, different flammability, etc., properties, shapes, and bulks, are burned even when put into a fluidized bed incinerator as incineration. with the air amount and the exhaust gas amount is maintained substantially constant, or <br/> et also oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas Ru can be maintained substantially constant, the incinerated facilities such as municipal waste using a fluidized bed incinerator, primary and Peripheral devices for fluidized bed incinerators, such as secondary air blowers and exhaust gas treatment equipment, can be made compact, construction costs can be reduced, and the emission of unburned gas into the atmosphere can be minimized. An effective combustion control method can also be provided in terms of preventing pollution.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C are graphs showing measured results of brightness in a furnace, oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, and furnace pressure in a fluidized bed incinerator, respectively.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed incinerator for performing a combustion control method according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 Fluctuations of the amount of combustion, the oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, the amount of exhaust gas, the amount of primary air, the amount of secondary air, and the temperature in the furnace with respect to the time variation of the amount of incinerated material in a fluidized bed incinerator by the conventional combustion control method FIG.

FIG. 4 shows the amount of combustion, the concentration of oxygen in exhaust gas, the amount of exhaust gas, the amount of primary air, the amount of secondary air, and the temperature in the furnace with respect to the time variation of the amount of incinerated material in a fluidized bed incinerator according to the combustion control method according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows the fluctuation | variation of.

5 (A), (B) and (C) show the results of actual measurement of the primary air amount, the furnace brightness and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, respectively, of the combustion control method based on the furnace brightness according to the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing actual measurement results of oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, and FIG. 6 (A) is a diagram showing a case where a conventional combustion control method is used;
FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a case where the combustion control method of the present invention is used.

FIG. 7 shows a fluidization ratio G [U / Um in a fluidized bed incinerator.
f] and a diagram showing the relationship between the heat transfer coefficient h _K.

8 is a diagram showing the relationship between fluidizing magnification G [U / Umf] and the pressure loss P _L.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are graphs showing actual measurement results of fluctuations in the oxygen concentration in exhaust gas when city garbage is incinerated with different amounts of flowing air in a fluidized bed incinerator, respectively.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another fluidized bed incinerator for performing the combustion control method according to the present invention.

11 (A), (B) and (C) show results of actual measurement of fluctuations in the primary air amount, furnace pressure and oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, respectively, in the combustion control method using furnace pressure according to the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another fluidized bed incinerator for performing the combustion control method according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another fluidized bed incinerator that performs the combustion control method according to the present invention.

FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams each showing a control flow of a combustion control method according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another fluidized bed incinerator for performing the combustion control method according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 shows the variation of the exhaust gas amount, the primary air amount, the secondary air amount, and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas with respect to the time variation of the incineration material input amount by the conventional combustion control method in the fluidized bed incinerator having the configuration shown in FIG. FIG.

FIG. 17 shows the variation of the exhaust gas amount, the primary air amount, the secondary air amount, and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas with respect to the time variation of the incinerated material amount by the combustion control method of the present invention in the fluidized bed incinerator having the configuration shown in FIG. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace 2 Fluidized bed 5 Piping 6 Air chamber 7 Control valve 8 Air nozzle 9 Free board part 11 Incineration material charging hopper 12 Supply feeder 13 Regulator 14-1 Brightness detection sensor 14-2 Pressure detection sensor 14-3 Oxygen concentration detection Sensor 14-4 Temperature detection sensor 15 Pipe 16 Pipe 18 Secondary air feed pipe 21 Furnace 22 Fluidized bed 23 Noncombustible material outlet 24 Noncombustible material outlet 26 Air chamber 27 Piping 28 Air chamber 29 Free board unit 30 Exhaust gas cooling unit 31 Input hopper 32 Supply feeder 33 Incineration material input amount measuring device 34 Piping 35 On-off valve 36 On-off valve 37 Minimum flow valve 38 Air nozzle 39 Air amount adjusting device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Yoshida 3-12-13 Tomioka Nishi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture (56) References JP-A-57-127716 (JP, A) JP-A-61-114007 (JP, A) JP-A-56-23630 (JP, A) JP-A-61-83819 (JP, A) JP-A-56-7915 (JP, A) JP-A-61-173017 (JP, A) ( 58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H23G 5/00

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] 1. A combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator in which primary air is sent to a lower part of a fluidized bed to flow a fluid medium, and secondary air is sent to an upper part of the fluidized bed to burn incineration material put into the furnace. In the above, there is provided a brightness detecting means for detecting the brightness of the free board portion of the upper part of the fluidized bed, and a control means for controlling the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed by the output of the brightness detecting means, When the brightness is equal to or higher than a predetermined value from the output of the detecting means, the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed is reduced. A combustion control method characterized by maintaining the combustion temperature. However, the combustion amount is the calorific value per weight of the incinerated material [k
cal / kg] x the amount of incinerated material [kg / hour]. 2. The method for controlling combustion in a fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed incinerator is operated at a superficial velocity in a range of 1 to 4 in fluidization ratio. 3. The combustion control in a fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said brightness detecting means is provided above a secondary air blowing position in a free board portion above said fluidized bed. Method. 4. A combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator in which primary air is sent to a lower part of a fluidized bed to flow a fluid medium, and secondary air is sent to an upper part of the fluidized bed to burn incineration material put into the furnace. A detecting means for detecting an amount or a bulk of a combustible material introduced into the entire furnace of the fluidized bed and an upper part of the fluidized bed; and a controlling means for controlling an amount of air sent from a lower part of the fluidized bed by an output of the detecting means. Provided, the control means, if the amount or bulk of the incinerated material that is input into the entire furnace from the output of the detecting means is a predetermined amount or more, reduce the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed, the amount of incinerated material or A combustion control method characterized by returning the volume of the incinerated material to a predetermined amount when the volume becomes equal to or less than a predetermined amount, and maintaining the combustion amount of the incinerated material in the furnace at a predetermined amount. However, the combustion amount is the calorific value per weight of the incinerated material [k
cal / kg] x the amount of incinerated material [kg / hour]. 5. A combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator for feeding primary air into a lower portion of a fluidized bed to flow a fluid medium and sending secondary air to an upper portion of the fluidized bed to burn incinerated material in the furnace. In the above, provided a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the freeboard portion of the upper part of the fluidized bed, and a control means for controlling the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed by the output of the temperature detecting means, the control means of the temperature detecting means From the output, when the temperature in the free board portion is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed is reduced. A combustion control method characterized by maintaining the amount at a predetermined amount. However, the combustion amount is the calorific value per weight of the incinerated material [k
cal / kg] x the amount of incinerated material [kg / hour]. 6. A combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator for feeding primary air into a lower portion of a fluidized bed to flow a fluid medium and sending secondary air to an upper portion of the fluidized bed to burn incineration material charged into the furnace. In the above, there is provided an oxygen concentration detecting means for detecting the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and a control means for controlling the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed by the output of the oxygen concentration detecting means, wherein the control means outputs the oxygen concentration If the oxygen concentration is below a predetermined value or less in the exhaust gas from the reducing the amount of air fed from the fluidized hypothalamic, oxygen concentration predetermined value or less
Replace When it becomes the upper, combustion control method characterized by maintaining the combustion amount of incinerated in the furnace to a predetermined amount. However, the combustion amount is the calorific value per weight of the incinerated material [k
cal / kg] x the amount of incinerated material [kg / hour]. 7. A combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator in which primary air is sent to a lower part of a fluidized bed to flow a fluid medium, and secondary air is sent to an upper part of the fluidized bed to burn incineration material put into the furnace. In the above, pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the furnace, and control means for controlling the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed by the output of the pressure detection means, the control means is a furnace pressure from the output of the pressure detection means When the pressure is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed is reduced, and when the pressure in the furnace becomes equal to or less than the predetermined value, the amount is returned to the original value, and the combustion amount of the incinerated material in the furnace is maintained at a predetermined amount. A combustion control method. However, the combustion amount is the calorific value per weight of the incinerated material [k
cal / kg] x the amount of incinerated material [kg / hour]. 8. A combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator for feeding primary air into a lower part of a fluidized bed to flow a fluid medium, and sending secondary air to an upper part of the fluidized bed to burn incineration material put into the furnace. A first means for outputting a signal reflecting a combustion amount from an output of a brightness detecting means in a freeboard portion above the fluidized bed; and a combustion quantity based on an output of a furnace pressure detecting means for detecting a pressure in the furnace. Is provided, and a larger one of the output signals of the first means and the second means is given priority to determine the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed by the output signal. Providing control means for controlling, the control means, when the priority output signal is a predetermined value or more, to reduce the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed,
If the output signal is less than the predetermined value, return to the original value,
A combustion control method, comprising: maintaining a combustion amount of incinerated material in a furnace at a predetermined amount. However, the combustion amount is the calorific value per weight of the incinerated material [k
cal / kg] x the amount of incinerated material [kg / hour]. 9. The fluidized bed incinerator has a plurality of air chambers below the fluidized bed, and is configured to feed air through the air chambers. 3. The combustion control method in the fluidized bed incinerator according to the above. 10. A combustion control method in a fluidized bed incinerator in which primary air is sent to a lower part of a fluidized bed to flow a fluid medium, and secondary air is sent to an upper part of the fluidized bed to burn incineration material put into the furnace. In the above, a plurality of air chambers are provided at the lower part of the fluidized bed, and air is supplied to the fluidized bed through the chamber, and the amount or volume of incinerated material charged into the entire furnace of the fluidized bed and the upper part of the fluidized bed Detection means for detecting the amount of incinerated material supplied to the entire furnace by the output of the detection means, and control means for controlling the amount of air sent from the lower part of the fluidized bed based on the output of the detection means. Alternatively, when the bulk is more than a predetermined amount, the amount of air sent from the air chamber at the drop point of the incinerated material is reduced to maintain the combustion amount of the incinerated material in the furnace at a predetermined amount. Combustion control method to be. However, the combustion amount is the calorific value per weight of the incinerated material [k
cal / kg] x the amount of incinerated material [kg / hour]. 11. The combustion in a fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 10, wherein a reduced amount of air sent from an air chamber at a drop point portion of the incinerated material to be charged is blown from a space above the fluidized bed. Control method. 12. the closing incinerated to be the or different calorific, nature, fluidized bed incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the shape and volume are different combustibles Combustion control method. 13. The combustion product is coal the closing, industrial waste, municipal solid waste or the combustion control in a fluidized bed incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that mixtures of these Method.