JP2866334B2 - Valve plate device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve plate device used for a fluid device having a piston such as a swash plate compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a valve plate device used for a compressor or the like, the one shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 has been known. In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a main body housing,
A piston 42 is inserted into a cylinder 41 formed therein. A cylinder head 43 is provided at one end of the main body housing 40, and a valve plate 44 is provided between the main body housing 40 and the cylinder head 43.
The valve plate 44 is provided with a discharge hole 46 for communicating the discharge chamber 45 with the inside of the cylinder 41 and a suction hole 48 for communicating the suction chamber 47 with the cylinder 41. And a suction valve 50 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 8, for example, a discharge valve 49 is mounted on a valve plate 44 via mounting bolts 51, and opens and closes a discharge hole 46 at a non-mounting side portion (that is, a valve tip side portion). It has become. The retainer 52 that regulates the lift amount of the discharge valve 49 in the opening direction is formed in a curved shape as shown in the drawing.

In the above-described apparatus, the suction hole 48
(For example, the fluid sucked into the cylinder 41 through the
Refrigerant) is pressurized by the compression operation of the piston 42, but when the internal pressure in the cylinder 41 increases, the discharge valve 4
9 is opened, and the lower surface of the retainer 52 (discharge valve contact surface) 5
2a, the lift amount in the opening direction is regulated. On the other hand, when the internal pressure in the cylinder 41 decreases, the discharge valve 49 comes into contact with the upper surface (discharge valve contact surface) 44a of the valve plate 44, and the discharge hole 4
6 is closed.

However, in the valve plate device as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, when the discharge valve 49 is opened and closed, an impact force due to collision with the discharge valve contact surfaces 44a and 52a is applied, thereby causing vibration and noise. There is a problem that becomes large.

In order to solve this problem, a valve plate device as shown in FIG. 9 has been previously proposed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 6-238569). In this proposed device, the discharge valve contact surface 61a of the valve plate 61 is formed as a surface inclined to the opposite side to the curved side of the retainer 62. Since the surface 61a is inclined in the direction of the discharge hole 64, the impact force on the surface 61a when the discharge valve 63 is closed is reduced, and vibration and noise can be reduced.

[0007]

However, in the valve plate device shown in FIG. 9, the impact force when the discharge valve 63 collides with the valve plate 61 is considerably reduced as compared with the device shown in FIG. , Vibration and noise are reduced over the entire rotation speed range, but because the discharge valve contact surface 61a is inclined toward the cylinder, a delay occurs when the discharge valve 63 closes the discharge hole 64. This causes a problem that the volume efficiency is reduced.

[0008] In either case of FIGS. 8 and 9, the impact force and the impact sound when the discharge valves 49 and 63 collide with the retainers 52 and 62 have not been reduced.

The present invention focuses on the above problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a valve plate device capable of further reducing vibration and noise associated with opening and closing of a discharge valve and improving the volumetric efficiency of a device such as a compressor.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a valve plate device provided at the top of a cylinder in which a piston is reciprocally inserted, the valve plate having a discharge hole, and a valve plate provided on the valve plate. A valve plate device comprising: a discharge valve mounted to open and close the discharge hole at a non-mounting side portion; and a retainer provided on the discharge valve, the lift valve restricting a lift amount of the discharge valve in an opening direction. The contact surface of the valve plate with the discharge valve when the discharge valve is closed is formed in an inclined concave portion that is curved in a direction gradually approaching the cylinder side as approaching the discharge valve tip side from the mounting portion of the discharge valve to the valve plate. Along with this, the contact surface of the retainer with the discharge valve is formed as an upwardly curved surface that gradually curves away from the valve plate as it approaches the discharge valve tip side from the mounting portion of the discharge valve to the valve plate, The starting point of the curvature in the inclined recess of the valve plate is determined by the retainer. Than the starting point of the curvature in the upper curved surface, consisting of those is characterized in that is positioned on the mounting portion side of the valve plate of the discharge valve.

The inclined concave portion of the valve plate is formed so that the curvature of the curved surface is gradually reduced from the mounting portion of the discharge valve to the valve plate toward the distal end of the discharge valve, or conversely, is gradually increased. It is desirable that it be formed so that it becomes.

Further, the inclined concave portion of the valve plate may be located on the cylinder side by a small amount than the range of the valve form when the discharge valve inherently vibrates (hereinafter also referred to as "natural vibration type"). desirable.

Further, it is preferable that the retainer is formed of a resin molded body. The resin used is preferably one having mechanically sufficient strength, and examples thereof include engineering plastics such as polyacetal homopolymer.

[0014]

In the above-described valve plate device, the starting point of the curved concave portion of the valve plate is located closer to the mounting portion of the discharge valve to the valve plate than the starting point of the curved upper curved surface of the retainer. , The positional relationship between the two curved starting points is set. For this reason, the spring rigidity of the discharge valve in contact with the valve plate is smaller than the spring rigidity in contact with the retainer (that is, the discharge valve is more easily bent on the valve plate side).
In other words, the spring rigidity when bending in each direction can be changed without changing the plate thickness of the discharge valve. As a result, when the discharge valve is operated in a direction to close the discharge hole,
It is easier and quicker to operate and improves the delay in closing the discharge hole, which was a problem in the apparatus of FIG. 9, and improves the volumetric efficiency of the apparatus.

Further, when the discharge valve comes into contact with the retainer, the spring rigidity thereof is set to be larger, so that the impact force when the discharge valve collides with the retainer is reduced, and the vibration caused by the impact is reduced. Noise is reduced.

Also, the curvature of the curved surface of the inclined recess of the valve plate may be gradually reduced from the mounting portion of the discharge valve to the valve plate toward the distal end of the discharge valve. If the curvature of the curved surface of the discharge valve is formed so as to gradually increase from the mounting portion side of the discharge valve to the valve plate toward the distal end of the discharge valve, the curved surface is formed into a curved surface that changes extremely smoothly, and The operation of the discharge valve, which closes the discharge hole along, also becomes smoother.

By positioning the curved surface of the inclined recess on the cylinder side by a smaller amount than the natural vibration type of the discharge valve, it is as if the discharge valve is in contact with the curved surface of the inclined recess. After the `` whip '' is formed, it comes into contact smoothly in sequence so that the more effective vibration on the valve closing side,
Noise reduction is achieved.

Further, by forming the retainer from a resin molded body, the impact force when the discharge valve collides with the retainer is attenuated, and the vibration and noise on the valve opening side are more effectively reduced. .

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a valve plate device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a swash plate type compressor to which a valve plate device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and a valve plate device portion thereof.
In the following embodiments, the valve plate device according to the present invention is applied to a compressor, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the valve plate of a fluid device having a reciprocating piston is used. It is widely applicable as a device.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a main body housing. Both ends of the main body housing 1 are closed by a front housing 2 and a cylinder head 3, and a crank chamber 4 is formed therein. Body housing 1
A valve plate 30 is provided between the valve head 30 and the cylinder head 3. A swash plate 5 is arranged inside the crank chamber 4. A drive shaft 6 is inserted through the center of the swash plate 5.
The drive shaft 6 is rotatably supported by a bearing 7.

On one surface of the swash plate 5, an ear 9 extending toward the rotor 8 is provided. An elongated hole 10 is formed in the ear 9. A pin member 11 is inserted through the elongated hole 10, and even when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 changes, the swash plate 5 and the rotor 8
And are substantially connected. Further, the rotor 8 is provided on the inner wall of the front housing 2 with the thrust bearing 1.
2, and is rotatably supported by the drive shaft 6.

The swash plate 5 is provided with a rocking plate 13 via a thrust bearing 14. The swash plate 5 is made rotatable with respect to the swing plate 13 by the thrust bearing 14.

A spherical seat 15 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rocking plate 13. The spherical seat 15 has a piston rod 16
Is connected to a pivot 17a at one end. On the other hand, a piston 18 reciprocally inserted into a cylinder 19 is joined to a pivot 17 b at the other end of the piston rod 16.

In the vicinity of the outer periphery of the oscillating plate 13, there is provided a rotation preventing mechanism 20 for suppressing the rotation of the oscillating plate 13.

At the end of the front housing 2, a clutch 21 is provided. The driving force transmitted to the drive shaft 6 is transmitted or cut off by turning on / off the clutch unit 21.

The inside of the cylinder head 3 is defined by an inner wall 22 into a suction chamber 23 and a discharge chamber 24. The valve plate 30 has a suction hole 25 and a discharge hole 2 communicating with the cylinder.
7 are drilled. The suction chamber 23 is provided with the suction valve 2
6 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 19 through a suction hole 25 having the same. The discharge chamber 24 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 19 via a discharge hole 27 having a discharge valve 28.

As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge valve 28 is fixed to the mounting portion 35 on the valve plate 30 by a bolt 35a, and the discharge hole 27 is formed on the side opposite to the mounting portion, that is, on the tip end side of the discharge valve 28. Is opened and closed. Above the discharge valve 28, a retainer 3 also fixed via a bolt 35a
1, and the discharge valve 2 is provided by the retainer 31.
8, the lift amount in the opening direction is regulated to a predetermined amount.

The contact surface 32 of the valve plate 30 with the discharge valve 28 when the discharge valve 28 is closed is a portion 3 for attaching the discharge valve 28 to the valve plate 30.
It is formed in an inclined concave portion which is curved in a direction gradually approaching the cylinder 19 side as approaching the distal end side of the discharge valve 28 from the fifth side. Further, the contact surface 33 of the retainer 31 with the discharge valve 28 is gradually curved away from the valve plate 30 as it approaches the distal end of the discharge valve 28 from the mounting portion 35 of the discharge valve 28 to the valve plate 30. The upper curved surface is formed.

The starting point A of the curvature in the inclined concave portion 32 of the valve plate 30 is set to be closer to the mounting portion 35 than the starting point B of the curve in the upper curved surface 33 of the retainer 31. I have. In other words, the inclined recess 3
Starting point A of the portion where the curvature R ₁ is provided on the curved surface 2
But than the starting point B of the portion which imparts a curvature R ₂ at the upper curved surface 33 of the retainer 31 are positioned on the mounting portion 35 side. Note that L ₁ and L ₂ indicate the ranges of the linear portions to which no curvature is given, respectively.

In the present embodiment, the retainer 31 is formed of a resin molded body, and the retainer 31 of the present embodiment uses a molded product of (a homopolymer of) polyacetal. The resin is not limited to the above-mentioned polyacetal, and another engineering plastic may be used. Further, if the mechanical strength is equal to or more than a predetermined value, it can be appropriately selected from known resins.

In the compressor of this embodiment, when a rotational drive force from a drive source (not shown) such as a drive motor or an automobile engine is transmitted to the drive shaft 6, the rotational drive force causes the rotor 8 to rotate. The rotation is transmitted to the swash plate 5 via the swash plate 5, and the swash plate 5 is rotated while being inclined at a predetermined angle. The swash plate 5 is a swing plate 13
The rotation of the rocking plate 13 is suppressed by the rotation preventing mechanism 20.
Is swung with the rotation of the swash plate 5, which is rotated in an inclined state. And the piston 1 connected to the rocking plate 13
8 is reciprocated in the cylinder 19. Due to the reciprocating motion of the piston 18 in the cylinder 19, the fluid sucked from the suction hole 25 is compressed, and the compressed fluid is discharged from the discharge hole 27.

In the operation of the discharge valve 28, since the starting point A of the curved portion of the inclined recess 32 of the valve plate 30 and the starting point B of the curved portion of the upper curved surface of the retainer 31 are different from each other, they are brought into contact with both curved surfaces. At this time, the spring rigidity of the discharge valve 28 also differs from each other, while the thickness of the discharge valve 28 itself is constant. That is,
When the starting point A bends toward the inclined recess 32 closer to the mounting portion 35, that is, when closing the discharge hole 27, the discharge valve 28
Has a smaller spring stiffness, and the starting point B is farther away from the mounting portion 3.
When bending to the upper curved surface 33 side of the retainer 31 on the fifth side, that is, in the valve opening operation direction, the spring rigidity of the discharge valve 28 becomes larger.

As a result, when the discharge valve 28 is closed, it becomes easier to bend, the discharge hole 27 is closed more quickly, the closing delay is improved, and the volumetric efficiency of the compressor is improved. I do. On the other hand, when the discharge valve 28 operates in the valve opening direction and collides with the upper curved surface 33 of the retainer 31, it becomes harder to bend due to the large spring rigidity, and the impact force accompanying the collision is reduced by that much, and the impact force is reduced. The accompanying vibration and noise are reduced.

Further, since the retainer 31 is made of a resin molded body, the impact force generated when the discharge valve 28 collides with the retainer 31 is absorbed and attenuated by the characteristics of the resin, and vibration and noise are more effectively reduced. To be reduced.

FIG. 3 shows a valve plate device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, in addition to the structure of the above-described embodiment, the inclined recess 37 of the valve plate 36 is further arranged to be slightly lower than the natural vibration type of the discharge valve 28 (the position of the discharge valve 28 shown in FIG. 3). , That is, on the cylinder side. Further, the curvatures R ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ , and R ₅ (which may be further finely divided) on the curved surface of the inclined recess 37 are the attachment portions 35 of the discharge valve 28 to the valve plate 36.
It is formed into a curved surface that smoothly and continuously changes so as to gradually decrease from the side (illustrated in FIG. 2) toward the tip end of the discharge valve 28.

The inclined concave portion 37 having such a smooth curved surface is formed on the lower side by a minute amount with respect to the natural vibration type of the discharge valve 28, so that the discharge valve 28 is attached to its mounting portion when the valve is closed. From the side to the distal end side, they are sequentially and smoothly abutted on the inclined recess 37 so as to form a whip. Therefore, the impact force at the time of the collision is further greatly reduced, and the vibration and the noise are more effectively reduced. Other configurations, operations, and effects are similar to those of the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a valve plate device according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the curvatures R ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ , and R _{5 on} the curved surface of the inclined recess 38 (which may be further finely divided) are different from those of the discharge valve 28. 2 is formed into a curved surface that smoothly and continuously changes so as to gradually increase from the mounting portion 35 (shown in FIG. 2) to the valve plate 36 toward the distal end of the discharge valve 28.

By forming the inclined concave portion 38 having such a change in curvature and having a smooth curved surface, the discharge valve 28 can be closed from the mounting portion side when the valve is closed as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. When the distal end side is smoothly and successively abutted against the inclined concave portion 38 so as to form a whip, the degree of bending can be increased, the impact force at the time of collision can be further reduced, and vibration can be reduced. In addition, noise can be more effectively reduced. Other configurations, operations, and effects are similar to those of the above-described embodiment.

Next, FIGS. 5 and 6 show a comparison of characteristics between the valve plate device according to the present invention and the device previously proposed by the present applicant shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a change characteristic of the in-cylinder pressure near the piston top dead center. It can be seen that in the present invention, the delay in closing the discharge valve is effectively improved.

FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the number of revolutions of the compressor and the vibration level, and it can be seen that the vibration level is effectively reduced in the present invention.

[0041]

As described above, according to the valve plate device of the present invention, the spring stiffness of the discharge valve is increased by the specific positional relationship of the curved starting point between the inclined concave portion of the valve plate and the upper curved surface of the retainer. It becomes smaller on the plate side and becomes larger on the retainer side, making it easier to close the discharge hole and reducing the impact force due to collision on the retainer, so the delay in closing the discharge hole of the discharge valve is improved, and the volume efficiency is improved. The vibration and noise caused by the collision with the retainer can be reduced.

Further, if the inclined concave portion of the valve plate is formed by a very small amount by the natural vibration shape of the discharge valve and is formed so as to change the curvature of the curved surface, the discharge valve collides with the valve plate. The shock force at the time of
Noise can be reduced more effectively.

Further, if the retainer is made of a resin molded body, the impact force when the discharge valve collides with the retainer can be absorbed and attenuated, so that the vibration and noise can be further reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a compressor to which a valve plate device according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a valve plate device of the compressor of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a valve plate device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a valve plate device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a cylinder pressure and a piston position.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a vibration level and a rotation speed.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a conventional valve plate device.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the device of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a valve plate device previously proposed by the present applicant.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body housing 2 Front housing 3 Cylinder head 4 Crank chamber 5 Swash plate 6 Drive shaft 7 Bearing 8 Rotor 9 Ear part 10 Long hole 11 Pin member 12, 14 Thrust bearing 13 Oscillating plate 15 Spherical seat 16 Piston rod 17a, 17b Pivot Reference Signs List 18 piston 19 cylinder 20 rotation prevention mechanism 21 clutch part 22 inner wall 23 suction chamber 24 discharge chamber 25 suction hole 26 suction valve 27 discharge hole 28 discharge valve 30, 36 valve plate 31 retainer 32, 37, 38 inclined recess 33 upper curved surface A , B Curve origin R ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ Curvature of inclined concave curved surface R ₂ Curvature of upward curved surface

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A valve plate provided at the top of a cylinder into which a piston is reciprocally inserted and having a discharge hole, and a discharge valve mounted on the valve plate and opening and closing the discharge hole at a portion opposite to the mounting side. And a retainer that is provided on the discharge valve and regulates a lift amount of the discharge valve in an opening direction, wherein a contact surface of the valve plate with the discharge valve when the discharge valve is closed is provided. Is formed in an inclined concave portion curved in a direction gradually approaching the cylinder side as it approaches the distal end side of the discharge valve from the mounting portion side of the discharge valve to the valve plate, and the contact surface of the retainer with the discharge valve is discharged. The valve is formed on an upwardly curved surface that is gradually curved away from the valve plate as it approaches the discharge valve tip side from the mounting portion side of the valve plate, and the starting point of the curve in the inclined recess of the valve plate is located above the retainer. The valve plate of the discharge valve rather than the starting point of the curvature on the curved surface A valve plate device, wherein the valve plate device is located on a side of an attachment portion to a valve. 2. The valve device according to claim 1, wherein the inclined concave portion of the valve plate is formed such that a curvature of the curved surface of the concave portion gradually decreases from a portion where the discharge valve is attached to the valve plate toward a distal end of the discharge valve. 1. Valve plate device. 3. The inclined concave portion of the valve plate is formed such that a curvature of a curved surface thereof is gradually increased from a mounting portion of the discharge valve to the valve plate toward a distal end of the discharge valve. 1. Valve plate device. 4. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the inclined concave portion of the valve plate is located closer to the cylinder by a minute amount than a range of a valve configuration when the discharge valve inherently vibrates. Valve plate device. 5. The retainer is made of a resin molded body.
The valve plate device according to claim 1.