JP2500494B2 - Music signal generator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical tone signal generator for striking a diaphragm to generate sound.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind of musical tone generating device,
For example, the one shown in FIG. 5 is known. In this electronic musical instrument, a pickup 2 attached to a diaphragm 1 called a pad converts the vibration caused by a hit by a drum stick 3 into an analog signal as shown in FIG. Signal-to-envelope extraction circuit 4
Envelope signal obtained by extraction at (Fig. 6 (B))
Based on the above, the envelope generating circuit 5 generates an envelope (FIG. 6C) corresponding to the magnitude of the striking force of the drum stick 3, and this envelope and the tone generator circuit 6
After being multiplied by the predetermined sound source signal from the multiplier 7, the desired musical sound (FIG. 6D) is generated from the acoustic device 8.

[0003]

However, according to the conventional tone signal generator which adopts the method of generating a desired tone based on such an analog signal, it is difficult to realize a wide variety of performance tones with a simple structure. There was a problem. Ma
A device that strikes such a diaphragm to generate sound
Is an instruction to pronounce or mute like a conventional keyboard instrument.
There is no switch for
All detected from the hit detection signal itself obtained by hitting
There must be. Sound or disappear from this hit detection signal
In order to get the start time of the sound, the output value exceeds the specified value
It seems most appropriate to detect whether or not
It is. However, applying such output value detection method
Then, hitting produces a musical sound that cannot occur with a keyboard instrument.
A device-specific problem occurs. It's hit detection
The signal that is occurring when the signal output value falls below the specified value.
When this is set to perform sound muting instructions,
This is especially true if you are hit again immediately after
This is often due to a malfunction, and even in this case
Sound is generated in quick succession, smoothing the sound being generated
I couldn't mute the sound while attenuating it.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and intends to strike at the start point of the striking operation (to play a musical sound at a high volume from the start point of the striking operation ). The intention) can be accurately reflected in the characteristics (for example, volume) of the musical sound to be generated, and at the time of muting the musical sound that is being generated
It is a problem peculiar to the musical tone generator that generates musical tones
Aim to prevent the generation of musical sounds due to erroneous operations such as tapping.
Target

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a maximum output value detected by a maximum output value detecting means in response to a hit state of a hit member every time it is hit. The second output value detection is performed while the musical sound is generated in real time with the musical sound characteristics (for example, volume and tone color) according to
The output value of the hit detection signal is the second set value by the output means.
When it is detected that it is lower than the
The main point is to give instructions for muffling. Also,
Each time the struck member is struck,
In response, the maximum output value detected by the maximum output value detection means
A musical tone with a musical tone characteristic (for example, volume or tone) according to the force value
Is generated in real time,
Output value of the hit detection signal by the second output value detection means
When it is detected that is lower than the second set value
The main point is to do it after a predetermined time from
It

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of diaphragms 10 ...
It is made of plywood, which is about the same size as a normal drum,
Pickups 11 ... Detecting vibrations caused by striking each of the diaphragms 10 ... Are attached to the diaphragms 10. The pickup 11 ... Is formed of a piezoelectric element, a microphone, or the like, and has a drumstick 12
When struck by the like, this vibration is output from the pickup 11 ... As an analog signal as shown in FIG. 2A, for example, and is input to each envelope extraction circuit 13. These envelope extraction circuits 13 ...
The envelope signal (see FIG. 2 (2)) having a predetermined waveform shape corresponding to the analog signal output from each of the pickups 11 ... Is referred to as an analog / digital converter (hereinafter referred to as “A / D converter”). ) 14 and is connected to the operational amplifier 16 for amplifying the analog signal output from the pickup 11 via the capacitor 15 and the output side of the operational amplifier 16 in this embodiment. Diode 17
And a capacitor 18 and a resistor 19 connected to the diode 17. The other ends of the capacitor 18 and the resistor 19 are grounded, and the output of the diode 17 is fed back to the negative input end of the operational amplifier 16. In addition, the operational
The positive input terminal of the amplifier 16 is grounded via the resistor 23. The self-discharge time constant of the envelope signal output from each envelope extraction circuit 13 ... Is determined by the capacitance of the capacitor 18 and the resistance value of the resistor 19.

On the other hand, the A / D converter 14 is for converting the envelope signal output from the envelope extraction circuit 13 into a digital signal. The microcomputer 20 is for controlling all operations of the electronic musical instrument and for generating or muting a desired musical tone based on the digital signal from the A / D converter 14. . That is, the microcomputer 20 detects whether or not the level value of the digital signal output from the A / D converter 14 is equal to or higher than a constant value (level value “5” in this embodiment), and When it exceeds a certain value (in Fig. 2 (4)

[External 1] time from a plurality of times (in the present embodiment, as shown in the second (4)),

(2) and (2 times), the level value of the digital signal is detected, the maximum level value of those level values is detected, and a musical sound is generated based on the digital signal of this maximum level value. On the other hand, when the level value of the digital signal from the A / D converter 14 becomes a constant value (level value “2” in this embodiment) or a value slightly smaller than the constant value, At that time (in Fig. 2 (4)

After a predetermined period (t) has passed since the [external point 3], the control is performed so as to mute the musical tone being generated based on the key-off command signal from the timer 21 provided inside. The microcomputer 20 is provided with a random access memory (RAM) 22 for storing each level value of the digital signal from the A / D converter 14, and the random access memory 22 stores the digital signal into the random access memory 22. Writing of each level value, for example, "13", "25", "40", is performed at each timing in FIG. 2 (4).

[Outside 4] ,, and so on. Of the level values "13", "25", and "40" stored in the random access memory 22, the maximum level value "40" is detected by the action of the microcomputer 20, and the level value "40" is detected. Is regarded as the strength when the diaphragm 10 is struck, and a musical sound is generated from the musical sound generating device 27 with a volume and tone color corresponding to this strength. Further, inside the microcomputer 20, a gate control signal for executing various arithmetic processes and for sequentially controlling the opening and closing of the gates 24 respectively provided at the output stages of the envelope extraction circuits 13 in a time division manner. Read-only memory (ROM) fixedly storing an arithmetic processing circuit (ALU) 25 for sending G _{1 to} G _n and a program for controlling the entire apparatus
26 and the like are provided.

Then, the microcomputer 20 sends a start command signal (A / D, START) to the A / D converter 14 to start execution of A / D conversion, and conversely A / D conversion. The device 14 outputs an end command signal (EAT) indicating that the process of converting the analog signal into a digital signal is completed, and the end command signal (EAT) is given to the microcomputer 20.

The musical tone generating device 27 is for generating a musical tone of a desired volume and tone color based on a musical tone generating command from the microcomputer 20, and is composed of a tone generator circuit, an amplifier, a speaker and the like. .

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
Now, when a plurality of diaphragms 10 ... Are struck with a predetermined strength by the drum stick 12, the vibrations associated with the impacts are picked up by the pickups 11 attached to the respective diaphragms 10.
Is sensed by ... And is output from the pickup 11 ... As an analog signal having a waveform as shown in FIG. This analog signal is supplied to each envelope extraction circuit 13
Is input to the envelope extraction circuit 13 ...
An envelope signal having a waveform as shown in FIG. 2 (2) is extracted. The extracted envelope signals are sequentially sent to the A / D converter 14 in a time division manner by the gates 24 ... Which are controlled to be opened / closed by the gate control signals G _{1 to} G _n from the microcomputer 20. The envelope signal input to the A / D converter 14 is an A / D start command signal (Fig. 7) periodically output from the timer 21 provided in the microcomputer 20 in the A / D converter 14. It is converted into a digital signal at every output timing of 2 (3). Immediately after the output timing of the A / D start command signal, an EAD signal is sent from the A / D converter 14 to the microcomputer 20 to notify the end of the analog / digital conversion operation (see FIG. 2).
(4)). The digital signal output from the A / D converter 14 is stored in the microcomputer 20 as shown in FIGS.
Processing is performed according to the flowchart as shown in FIG. That is, the microcomputer 20 starts the process from step S-1, and when the process reaches step S-2, in step S-2, the process jumps to the subroutine M, and as shown in FIG. The timer 21
When the predetermined time is measured, A
The / D start command signal is sent to the A / D converter 14.
In the next step M-2, completion of conversion processing into a digital signal executed by the A / D converter 14 based on the A / D start command signal is indicated by an end command signal (EAD).
Is detected, and when such a command signal is input, Y
After determining ES, the process proceeds to step M-3, and the data of the digital signal is taken into the microcomputer 20. In step M-3, when the operation of fetching the digital signal data into the microcomputer 20 is completed, the process returns to the flow shown in FIG. 3 (jumps back). In this case, in the next step S-3, the microcomputer 20 It is judged whether the level value of the digital signal taken in is “5” or more, and in the case of YES,
In step S-4, the data (level value “5”) is stored in the random access memory (RAM) 22. In the case of NO, the process returns to step S-2 again, and then step S-3 is executed to execute the next A / D.
It is determined whether or not the level value of the digital signal at the timing of the start command signal is "5" or more, and the same process is repeated thereafter. In the case of this embodiment, in FIG.

At the timing of [External 1], the level value of the digital signal is "13" and is therefore "5" or more. Therefore, the level value "13" is the random access memory 2
2 is stored. The memory 2 of this level value "13"
By the storage operation to 2, the diaphragm 10 at that time ...
Judge that one particular one was hit. Then, the process proceeds to step S-5, and in this step S-5, through the process (M-1 to M-3) of the above-described subroutine M,
Timing of the next A / D start command signal (in Fig. 2 (4)

Similarly, the envelope signal at the timing [(5)] is converted into a digital signal and stored in the random access memory 22 in step S-6, and in step S-7, the process (M -1 to M-3)
After that, the timing of the next A / D start command signal (see (2) in Fig. 2)

At the timing of [Outer 6], the envelope signal is converted into a digital signal, and at the next step S-8, the timing is changed.

The level value of [Ex. 6] is stored in the random access memory 22. Next, in step S-9, the above timings are set.

The maximum level value (“40” in this embodiment) among them is obtained from the level values of the digital signal in [External 4] (level values “13”, “25”, and “40” in this example, respectively). This maximum level value “40” is regarded as the strength when the diaphragm 10 is hit. This maximum level value is read from the random access memory 22 by the action of the microcomputer 20, and then, in step S-10,
As shown in FIG. 2 (5), the microcomputer 20 sends the musical tone generator 23 together with a key-on command, and based on the key-on command, the volume and tone color corresponding to the maximum level value "40" of the digital signal is output. A musical sound is output from the musical sound generator 27. For the musical sound, the level value of the digital signal output from the A / D converter 14 is "2".
Will be output until. That is, in step S-11, the subroutine M is executed, and in the next step S-12, it is judged whether the envelope is "2" or less, and N
If it is O, the process returns to step S-11 again. And
In Fig. 2 (5)

It is assumed that the level value of the digital signal becomes “2” or less at the timing of [External 3]. And step S-12
Then, in step S-13, the timer 21 in the microcomputer 20 starts driving, and in step S-14, the timing is determined.

After a lapse of a predetermined time (t) from [Outer 3], in step S-15, the key-off command is sent from the timer 21 to the musical tone generating device 27, and the musical tone being generated is smoothly started to be attenuated.

Thus, in this embodiment, each diaphragm 1
The analog signals from the pickups 11 attached to 0 ... are once converted into digital signals by the A / D converter 14 and then output from the tone generator 27 as musical tones. It is possible to obtain a wide variety of performance sounds with a simple configuration, unlike the conventional case where the performance processing is performed.

Also, in this embodiment, the A / D converter 14 is used.
Since the musical tone is generated based on the maximum level value among the level values of the digital signal output from the digital signal, the musical tone is generated based on the maximum striking force when the diaphragm 10 is hit. Therefore, it is possible to always reliably generate a musical sound.

Further, in this embodiment, the A / D converter 1
The level value of the digital signal output from 4 is "2"
From the time when
(t) is counted and, based on a key-off command from the microcomputer 20 generated after that time, the mute of the musical tone being generated is started, so that the level value of the digital signal becomes "2" or less. Even when the diaphragm 10 is struck again immediately after the point of time (often due to an erroneous operation such as double striking), it is possible to prevent the musical sound from being continuously generated based on the striking. , It is possible to mute the sound that is being generated while smoothly attenuating it.

It should be noted that in the above-described embodiment, the tone or the tone color corresponding to the maximum level value of the digital signal is generated, but the level of the digital signal is generated at a certain A / D start signal transmission timing. When the value becomes equal to or larger than a certain value, a musical tone of a volume or timbre corresponding to the level of the certain value or more may be generated.

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the striking signal is the first output value in response to the striking state applied to the striking member (vibration plate 10 in this embodiment). The maximum output detected by the maximum output value detection means (microcomputer 20 in this embodiment) after the detection means (microcomputer 20 in this embodiment) detects that the value becomes the first set value or more The second output value detecting means starts the generation of a predetermined musical tone with a musical tone characteristic (for example, volume and tone color) according to the value, and during the generation of the musical tone.
(In this embodiment, the microcomputer 20)
When it is detected that the value becomes lower than the set value of 2, or when a predetermined time elapses from the time when it is detected, the instruction to mute the musical tone is made. Therefore, the batting detection signal should make a mute instruction. If the strike is made again immediately after the level drops below the level, this is often due to a malfunction such as double strike,
Even in this case, it is possible to prevent the musical tones from being continuously generated due to the hit, and therefore the musical tone being generated can be muted while being smoothly attenuated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

2A and 2B are waveform diagrams showing a waveform of an analog signal from a pickup and a waveform of an envelope signal corresponding to the waveform, and FIG. 2C is a waveform diagram from a microcomputer to an A / D converter. Timing chart showing timing of A / D start command signal, (4) is A / D
5 is a timing chart showing the timing of the end command signal from the D converter to the microcomputer, and (5) is a timing chart showing the timing of the key-on command and the key-off command.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the processing of the microcomputer until a musical tone is generated from the musical tone generating device based on a digital signal from an A / D converter.

4 is an A / D converter from the A / D converter start in FIG.
6 is a flowchart showing the contents of a subroutine for executing conversion data fetching.

FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram showing a conventional electronic musical instrument.

6 (A), (B), (C) and (D) are waveform diagrams showing a process from a waveform of an analog signal taken out from a pickup to a waveform of a musical tone generated from a musical tone generating device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Vibration Plate 11 Pickup 13 Envelope Extraction Circuit 14 A / D Converter 20 Microcomputer 21 Timer 22 Random Access Memory (RAM) 27 Musical Sound Generator

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A striking member to be striking operated, and a striking signal which is provided on the striking member and outputs in real time a striking detection signal corresponding to the striking state each time the striking member is hit. detection means, the blow detection signal from the striking signal detecting means digital hitting
A / D conversion means for converting into a hit detection signal , and in response to each time the hit member is hit,
First output value detection means for detecting whether or not the output value of the digital batting detection signal output from the A / D conversion means is equal to or greater than a preset first set value; and a predetermined number from the time when the output value of the digital hitting detection signal becomes the first set value or more is detected, the digital hitting detection signal by the output value detecting means
Save and save this digital hit detection
A maximum output value detecting means for detecting the maximum output value among the signal values, and a control for starting the generation of a predetermined musical sound with the tone characteristic according to the maximum output value detected by the maximum output value detecting means. The control means and the control of this control means have started the generation of a predetermined musical sound.
After that, the digital impact test output from the A / D conversion means is performed.
The first set value in which the output value of the output signal is preset
Detects whether it has become lower than the lower second set value
Second output value detecting means, and the digital impact signal by the second output value detecting means
It is detected that the output value of has become lower than the second set value.
Then, the mute instructor that instructs to mute the musical sound being generated.
A musical tone signal generating device comprising: a stage . (2) A member to be hit and operated, It is provided on the member to be hit, and the member to be hit is hit
Each time, the hit detection signal corresponding to the hit condition is received in real time.
Batting signal detecting means for outputting between The hit detection signal from this hit signal detection means is digitally hit.
Convert to hit detection signal A / D conversion means, Each time the hit member is hit, in response to it,
Digital batting detection signal output from the A / D conversion means
Signal output value is greater than or equal to the preset first set value.
First output value detecting means for detecting whether or not The digital impact detection is performed by the first output value detection means.
It is detected that the output value of the signal is above the first set value.
From the time when it was issued, a predetermined number of digital impact detection signals
Save and save this digital hit detection
Maximum output value that detects the maximum output value of the signal output values
Detection means, The maximum output detected by the maximum output value detecting means
With a tone characteristic according to the value, start generating a certain tone
Control means for controlling A predetermined musical sound is started to be generated by the control of this control means.
After that, the digital impact test output from the A / D conversion means is performed.
The first set value in which the output value of the output signal is preset
Detects whether it has become lower than the lower second set value
Second output value detecting means, The digital output signal is detected by the second output value detecting means.
It is detected that the output value of has become lower than the second set value.
After a predetermined time has passed from the
Mute instruction means for instructing sound, A musical tone signal generating apparatus comprising: